Reconstruction

Transcript of Reconstruction

RECONSTRUCTI

ON

Reconstruction 1. Lincoln won a second presidential election in ______________, ______________. 2. He made his famous speech about ‘______ toward none’ during the inauguration in March 1865. 3. His goal was to _____ the states. 4. Lincoln explained his goals for ________________. 5. The Confederate States of America surrendered in ________________. 6. Southern cities were _________________. 7. Southern states had to ______ the USA and _______ slavery if they wanted to rejoin the USA. 8. Congress added the ____ _________ to the Constitution, abolishing slavery in 1865. 9. The _______ ________ was a government office helping formerly enslaved people.10. The Freedmen’s Bureau opened _______ all over the South for African Americans.11. John Wilkes __________ assassinated Lincoln in April, _____________.12. Lincoln’s Vice President, __________________, became the new President.13. Before Reconstruction, Black people were prohibited to learn _______ and _______.14. Black leaders won seats in ___________.15. Most Southern leaders did not want Black people to have __________.16. Southern states enacted __________ __________ to limit the rights of Black people.17. Black people were forced to take ______ or pay ___ to vote.18. The Radical Republicans in Congress were angry at _______ ________and the __________ _________ ____________ for returning to _______ ways.19. The _____ ____________ gave citizenship rights to all men.20. Congress ________________ Johnson for being too easy on the Southern states.21. The ____ _______ ______ was a secret society that scared Black people in the South.22. The _________ _______________ gave Black men the right to vote.23. _________ meant separating Black and white people. Segregation laws were called _______ _______ laws.24. _________ ____________ sued to stop Jim Crow laws.25. The US government did not keep its promise to give ______________________ to former slaves.

RECONSTRUCTION

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Lincoln won a 2nd presidential election

• November, 1864: Lincoln won a second election.

• November, 1864: Lincoln won a second election.

Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Address• November, 1864: Lincoln won a second election.

• Inauguration: March 4, 1865

• Inauguration: March 4, 1865• President Lincoln explained plans for Reconstruction.

• Lincoln’s goal:

• Lincoln’s goal:

• Lincoln’s goal: reunite the

states reunite the

states

Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Address

“With malice toward none, with charity for all... let us finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and for his orphans, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.

Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Address “With malice toward none, with charity for all... let us finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and for his orphans, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.

Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Address “With malice toward none, with charity for all... let us finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and for his orphans, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and a lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.

• Lincoln’s goal: reunite the states

reunite the states

• Lincoln’s goal: reunite the states

reunite the states

The South was destroyed.• The Civil War ended April 9, 1865.

The South was destroyed.• The Civil War ended April 9, 1865.• The Civil War destroyed Southern cities.

• The Civil War ended April 9, 1865.• The Civil War destroyed Southern cities. • Rebuilding the South = Reconstruction.

The South was destroyed.

• The Civil War ended April 9, 1865.

• The Civil War destroyed Southern cities.

• Rebuilding the South = Reconstruction.

The South was destroyed.

Reconstruction Plan• President Lincoln’s plan: reunite the states ASAP.

• Southern states could rejoin if 10% of voters promised to support USA.

• South had to accept stopping slavery.

• President Lincoln’s plan: reunite the states ASAP.

Reconstruction Plan

Southern states could rejoin USA if

• ...10% of voters promised to support USA

• ...10% of voters promised to support USA

Reconstruction Plan

Reconstruction PlanI made up this ‘Ten Percent’ rule in 1863..

I made up this ‘Ten Percent’ rule in 1863..

• ...10% of voters promised to support USA;

• ...the southern states must accept stopping slavery.

Readmission of States to the Union

Freeing Enslaved People

Freeing Enslaved People• January 31, 1865: Congress added the

13th Amendment to the Constitution.

13th Amendment to the Constitution.• Enslaved people became free.

13th Amendment to the Constitution.• Enslaved people became free.• 13th Amendment = slavery forever illegal in USA

13th Amendment to the Constitution.• Enslaved people became free.• 13th Amendment = slavery forever illegal in USA

The Freedmen’s Bureau

The Freedmen’s Bureau• ...helped freed Blacks and poor whites in the South.

• ...established schools in the South for free Black people.

• Old Southern laws prohibited enslaved people from learning how to read and write.

• Old Southern laws prohibited enslaved people from learning how to read and write.

Lincoln was assassinated

Lincoln was assassinated

Lincoln was assassinated• April 15, 1865: Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater.

Lincoln was assassinated• April 15, 1865: Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater.• The assassin: actor John Wilkes Booth

Lincoln was assassinated• April 15, 1865: Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater.• The assassin: actor John Wilkes Booth

Lincoln was assassinated• April 15, 1865: Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s Theater.• The assassin: actor John Wilkes Booth, a Southerner who

was angry at Lincoln.

http://z.about.com/d/history1800s/1/0/H/0/-/-/lincoln-firsthome-ill.jpg

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1865/April/booth-killing-lincoln.htm

http://www.topicsites.com/abraham-lincoln/assassination.htm

http://scoop.diamondgalleries.com/public/news_images/4/52544_117651_1.jpg

http://www.chicagohistory.org/wetwithblood/bloody/cloak/cloak2.htm

http://www.chicagohistory.org/wetwithblood/bloody/cloak/cloak2.htm

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lprbscsm&fileName=scsm0354/lprbscsmscsm0354.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?ammem/scsmbib:@field%28DOCID+@lit%28scsm000354%29%29

http://www.civilwar.si.edu/l_lincoln_assassination.html

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1865/April/booth-killing-lincoln.htm

http://www.mrlincolnswhitehouse.org/assassination/indexB

.html

http://www.historydc.org/onlineexhibit/LincolnsWashington/Mr.%20Lincoln%27s%20Assassination%202.asp

Peterson House, where Lincoln was taken after he was shot, ca. 1910-1920

http://washington.dukegill.com/petersonhouse.htm

This house is a museum today.

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1865/April/death-bed-abraham-lincoln.htm

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lprbscsm&fileName=scsm0355/lprbscsmscsm0355.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?ammem/scsmbib:@field%28DOCID+@lit%28scsm000355%29%29

http://z.about.com/d/history1800s/1/0/p/0/-/-/Lincoln-deathbed01.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_C2vvRlOtkLc/SjutKOEwbsI/AAAAAAAAB3c/5Audh1bi64A/s1600-h/c1501.jpg

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_C2vvRlOtkLc/SjuzwVtR2YI/AAAAAAAAB4c/JuKDN4hcV2w/s1600-h/jjj6131.jpg

http://lisawallerrogers.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/death-bed-of-lincoln.jpg

http://www.topfoto.co.uk/gallery/granger/images/prevs/gr0056847_H.jpg

http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/fimage/lincolnimages/browne711.jpg

http://www.lincolnlogcabin.org/education-kits/Abraham-Lincoln-Lesson-Plans/PrimarySources/Lesson-7/74.jpg

http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/eyewitness/assets/html/html-zoom.php?image=13.3&keepThis=true&TB_iframe=true&height=350&width=720

http://americangallery.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/small_the-death-of-lincoln.jpg

Cloak attributed to Mary Todd Lincoln, 1865 http://www.chicagohistory.org/wetwithblood/bloody/cloak/index.htm

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1865/April/abraham-lincoln-coffin.htm

http://www.philaprintshop.com/images/effuneralcar.jpg

Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through 180 cities in seven states.

The route of Lincoln’s funeral train.

Abraham Lincoln's funeral in New York City. It shows Lincoln's Coffin proceeding down the street in a somber horse drawn funeral car. The body was on its way to the train station.

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1865/April/president-lincolns-funeral.htm

http://lincolnat200.org/exhibits/show/nowhebelongs/memory/apotheosis

http://www.philaprintshop.com/images/ferriswashlinccvd.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Wilkes_Booth_wanted_poster_colour.png

Wanted Poster

http://www.mrlincolnswhitehouse.org/assassination/indexC

.html

http://www.history.com/content/civilwar/the-hunt-for-john-wilkes-booth/hunt-for-john-wilkes-booth

The police found John Wilkes Booth hiding in a barn in Virginia. The police killed Booth during a gunfight.

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1865/May/john-wilkes-booth-death.htm

The capture of the assassin John Wilkes Booth.

Conspirators of Lincoln’s assassination.http://www.history.com/content/civilwar/the-hunt-for-john-wilkes-booth/the-conspiracy-death-of-president-abraham-lincoln

Adjusting the ropes for hanging the conspirators.

Mary Todd Lincoln after the death of her husband

http://www.physical-lincoln.com/wiki/Image:M62y1-v1.jpg

was angry at Lincoln. • Vice-President Andrew Johnson became president.

Reconstruction Began

Pardon Franchise “Shall I trust this man... ...and not this man?”

Pardon Franchise “Shall I trust this man... ...and not this man?”

The Misses Cooke's school room, Freedman's Bureau, Richmond, Virginia, 1866.

Senator Hiram Revels of MS, Representatives Benjamin Turner of AL, Robert DeLarge of SC, Josiah Walls of FL Jefferson Long of GA, Joseph Rainey and Robert Elliot of SC.

Memphis Freedmans School burning after riot.

The Black Codes

• Southern states limited African Americans freedom with special laws called the Black Codes.

Black Codes...

• ...forced African Americans to work on farms or as servants.

• ...stopped African Americans from owning guns, having public meetings or renting property in cities.

• ...limited African Americans’ voting rights.

The Black Codes

Black Codes...

The Black Codes

Black Codes...

The Black Codes

Black Codes...

The Black Codes

Black Codes...

The Black Codes

Black Codes...

The Black Codes

Voting Rights

Voting Rights

Voting Rights

Voting Rights

Voting Rights

Voting Rights

Voting Rights

Voting RightsNew laws stopped Black people from voting.

.

Voting RightsNew laws stopped Black people from voting. • Black voters must pay a tax (poll tax). .

Voting RightsNew laws stopped Black people from voting. • Black voters must pay a tax (poll tax). • They could vote if their grandfathers voted (Grandfather Clause.

• They must pass a test.

• They must pass a test.

Radical Republicans

Radical RepublicansRepublicans in Congress

Radical RepublicansRepublicans in Congress • hated the Black Codes.

Radical RepublicansRepublicans in Congress • hated the Black Codes.• thought Southern states were returning to old ways.

Radical RepublicansRepublicans in Congress • hated the Black Codes.• thought Southern states were returning to old ways. • wanted the South to improve more before rejoining USA.

Radical RepublicansRepublicans in Congress • hated the Black Codes.• thought Southern states were returning to old ways. • wanted the South to improve more before rejoining USA.• believed President Johnson was too easy on the South.

Radical RepublicansRepublicans in Congress • hated the Black Codes.• thought Southern states were returning to old ways. • wanted the South to improve more before rejoining USA.• believed President Johnson was too easy on the South.

The 14th Amendment

The 14th Amendment• The 14th Amendment guaranteed citizenship to all

people born or naturalized in the U.S.

people born or naturalized in the U.S. (not Indians).

people born or naturalized in the U.S. (not Indians). • State governments could not “deprive any person of

life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.”

people born or naturalized in the U.S. (not Indians). • State governments could not “deprive any person of

life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.”

Johnson and The Radical Republicans

Johnson and The Radical Republicans

Johnson and The Radical Republicans• Congress was angry at President Johnson for not

following Reconstruction.

• Congress impeached Johnson.

Johnson and The Radical Republicans• Congress was angry at President Johnson for not

following Reconstruction.

• Congress impeached Johnson.

Impeachment• Impeachment: accusing a public official with a

crime. • Try the president in the Senate. • Republicans failed to convict Johnson by one vote.• Bill Clinton: The only other impeached president.

Impeachment• Impeachment: accusing a public official with a

crime. • Try the president in the Senate. • Republicans failed to convict Johnson by one vote.• Bill Clinton: The only other impeached president.

Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan• In 1866 a group of white southerners created the Ku Klux Klan.

...a secret society against civil rights for African Americans, especially the right to vote....used violence and intimidation to frighten blacks. ...wore white robes and hoods to hide their identities.

• The Klan murdered many people.

...a secret society against civil rights for African Americans, especially the right to vote....used violence and intimidation to frighten blacks....wore white robes and hoods to hide their identities.

...a secret society against civil rights for African Americans, especially the right to vote....used violence and intimidation to frighten blacks....wore white robes and hoods to hide their identities.

...a secret society against civil rights for African Americans, especially the right to vote....used violence and intimidation to frighten blacks.

...wore white robes and hoods to hide their identities.• The Klan murdered many people.

The 15th Amendment

The 15th Amendment• 1870: The 15th Amendment became law.

...African American men the right to vote.

...African American men the right to vote....Women’s rights activists were angry because the amendment did not also grant women the right to vote.

...African American men the right to vote....Women’s rights activists were angry because the amendment did not also grant women the right to vote.

Segregation and Jim Crow Laws

Segregation and Jim Crow Laws• 1881: Southern states passed segregation laws.

Blacks had to

Blacks had to – stay in separate hotels;

– sit in separate parts of theaters;

– ride in separate rail cars;

– have separate schools, libraries, and parks.

• Segregation - the legal separation of blacks and whites in public places

• Jim Crow Laws - laws that forced segregation.

• Jim Crow Laws - laws that forced segregation.

Plessy v. Ferguson

Plessy v. Ferguson• The Supreme Court ruled segregation was legal in Plessy v.

Ferguson.

Ferguson.

Ferguson.

Plessy v. Ferguson

The Supreme COurt

Plessy v. Ferguson

Segregation was fair if African American people could go to “separate-but-equal” places.

The Supreme COurt

Ferguson.

Segregation was fair if African American people could go to “separate-but-equal” places.

Separate but equal

Ferguson. • Segregation was fair if African American people could go to

“separate-but-equal” places.• Really, the African American places were “separate-and-

unequal.”

unequal.”• Segregation laws continued until 1965, 100 years after the

Civil War ended.

unequal.”• Segregation laws continued until 1965, 100 years after the

Civil War ended.

40 Acres and a Mule

The Freedmen’s Bureau40 Acres and a Mule

40 Acres and a Mule

40 Acres and a Mule

We want 40 acres for every Black farmer.

40 Acres and a Mule

Reverend Garrison Frazier

40 Acres and a Mule

Secretary of War Stanton

40 Acres and a Mule

Secretary of War StantonGeneral Sherman

General Sherman

40 Acres and a Mule

Secretary of War StantonGeneral Sherman

General Sherman

OKOK

• During Reconstruction, US leaders promised former slaves 40 acres of land and a mule.

40 Acres and a Mule

General Sherman

Secretary of War

StantonSecretary of War

Stanton

OKOK

40 Acres and a Mule

Yes, we said 40 acres.Yes, we said 40 acres.

General Sherman

• The government did not keep the promise.• During the riots in the 1960s, some people said, “That’s for

my 40 acres and a mule,” when they stole from stores.• Spike Lee’s film company: 40 Acres and a Mule.

40 Acres and a Mule

• The government did not keep the promise.• Spike Lee’s film company: 40 Acres and a Mule.

40 Acres and a Mule

• The government did not keep the promise.

40 Acres and a Mule

• The government did not keep the promise.

40 Acres and a Mule

Reconstruction 1. Lincoln won a second presidential election in November, 1864. 2. He made his famous speech about ‘malice toward none’ during the inauguration in March 1865. 3. His goal was to reunite the states. 4. Lincoln explained his goals for Reconstruction. 5. The Confederate States of America surrendered in April, 1865. 6. Southern cities were destroyed. 7. Southern states had to support the USA and abolish slavery if they wanted to rejoin the USA. 8. Congress added the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, abolishing slavery in 1865. 9. The Freedmen’s Bureau was a government office helping formerly enslaved people.10. The Freedmen’s Bureau opened schools all over the South for African Americans.11. John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln in April, 1865.12. Lincoln’s Vice President, Andrew Johnson, became the new President.13. Before Reconstruction, Black people were prohibited to learn reading and writing.14. Black leaders won seats in Congress.15. Most Southern leaders did not want black people to have rights.16. Southern states enacted Black Codes to limit the rights of Black people.17. Black people were forced to take tests or pay taxes to vote.18. The Radical Republicans in Congress were angry at President Johnson and the southern state leaders for returning to old ways.19. The 14th Amendment gave citizenship rights to all men.20. Congress impeached Johnson for being too easy on the Southern states.21. The Ku Klux Klan was a secret society that scared Black people in the South.22. The 15th Amendment gave Black men the right to vote.23. Segregation meant separating Black and white people. Segregation laws were called Jim Crow laws.24. Homer Plessy sued to stop Jim Crow laws.25. The US government did not keep its promise to give 40 acres and a mule to former slaves.

Reconstruction

Education

Transcript of Reconstruction