Reconnaissance and Surveillance Leader Course Infiltration/Exfiltration Insertion/Extraction.

Reconnaissance and Surveillance Leader Course

Infiltration/ExfiltrationInsertion/Extraction


T.L.O.Action- Identify the planning considerations for conducting infil/ exfil techniques used by recon teams

Conditions- Given a classroom environment and a 2 hour block of instruction

Standards- Implement the proper planning considerations during the graded FTX in order to receive a go


E.L.O. A

Action- Identify the planning considerations for conducting infil/ exfil from an airborne platform

Conditions- Given instruction on the planning considerations for fries, rotary wing, and airborne infil/ exfil techniques

Standards- Students will utilize planning considerations to identify the method of infil/ exfil that offers the highest probability of success


Insertion/Extraction

The process of getting into and out of the operational area-the different types of insertion include rotary wing (air land, FRIES, Helocast, parachute), boat, vehicle, and fixed wing

Infiltration/Exfiltration

Movement in the operational areaafter insertion and prior to extraction-involves foot movement


Infiltration requires a combined effort from all recon team members. The team leader makes his mission assessment from the acronym METT-TC. This will enable him to select the best method of infiltration. That method should offer the best techniques with stealth as their main advantage. Certain fundamentals apply to every infil.

Infiltration


•

COMMON PLANNING FACTORS FOR INFIL

METHODS• INTELLIGENCE

– Maps– Aerial Photography

• DECEPTION False InsertionsAir StrikesAir AssaultsMultiple Infil Routes


• SPEED AND MOBILITYTAILORING OF INDIVIDUAL LOADSCACHE

• STEALTHMOVEMENT TECHNIQUES

PLANNING FACTORS CONT.


•SECURITYREHEARSAL AREASTRAINING SITESACCESS TO ISOLATION AREA“NEED TO KNOW”

•REHEARSALS

PLANNING FACTORS CONT.


Enemy Situation

• Enemy’s current disposition in the AO

• Enemy composition-Small arms-ADA-ranges/all weather/day-night-Radar-ranges/capabilities-Current aircraft threat-Special units-SOF-DZ/LZ watchers


Rotary Wing InsertionCommon Considerations

• AMC/AMB

• Type of Aircraft and it’s capabilities -Special capabilities-fuel, FLIR, TFR

• Pilot qualifications-Nods, FRIES, SPIES

• Enroute navigation


• Special equipment required-Headsets-FRIES/SPIES equipment-Fuel pods-Cargo hook

• Seats in or out


Cont.


• Order and method of load/unload

• Special equipment worn for insertion by team

• Routes

• Decision point

• Escort A/C


Cont.


Contingencies

• Aircraft shot down before/after D.P.

• Aircraft mechanical problems

• Enemy at Primary/Alternate insertion points


Air Mobile

• Most preferred

• Primary/Alternate LZ-size/slope

• Emergency PZ

• Landing direction


• Commo with A/C

• Loiter area

• GPS fix of LZ

• Cache if required for mission

Air Mobile Cont.


Air Mobile Contingencies

• LZ not useable

• Wrong LZ

• No commo with A/C

• Enemy Contact-Before landing-While egressing-After A/C has left


FRIES

• Pilot and team currency/proficiency

• Equipment availability-ropes/ I bar

• Weather

• Height of trees

• Height to insert from


• Order of exit

• Belay of equipment

• Cache of equipment

• Rehearsals

FRIES Cont.


FRIES Contingencies

• Enemy contact while inserting

• Injured personnel

• Damaged equipment


Airborne (Fixed or Rotary Wing)

• Currency of personnel (jumpers and JM)

• Available DZs in the AO

• Type of parachute (T10 vs. -1B)

• Type of A/C (C130, CH53, CH47, C141, etc.)

• Rigging location/Rehearsals (pre jump)


• Height of drop

•Order of exit from the A/C

• Linkup on DZ/ Assembly plan

• Cache of air items

Airborne (Fixed or Rotary Wing)

Cont.


Airborne Contingencies

• Injured/Missing personnel

• Failure to linkup on DZ

• Missing/Damaged equipment

• Wrong DZ

• Enemy contact on the DZ


DOF75 meters

6 jumpers x 75 m450 m (from1st jumper to last)

450 meters

1 second betweenjumpers at 800 ft AGL= 75 m separation

(Direction of team movement)

TL

SSO

RTO

ARTO

SO

ATL

*ATL is first in the orderof exit; allowing him toroll up the team/stick(depending on DOM)

Static Line Assembly


Halo/Haho (MC5)

• Height of opening/Distance of DZ

• Currency/Proficiency of personnel

• Type of equipment required

• Navigation

• Weather conditions


HALO HARP (example)

• D= KAV• 12,500 ft AGL = 50 secondsof free fall• always follow “low man”

Canopy Drift

Free Fall Drift

Forward Throw

DIP

HARP


Halo/Haho Contingencies

• Low openings

• Missing personnel

• Equipment failure (compasses, oxygen, etc.)


E.L.O. BAction- Identify the planning considerations for conducting infil/ exfil from a waterborne platform

Conditions- Given a classroom environment

Standards- Utilize the planning considerations to select the best possible infil/ exfil techniques from a waterborne platform


Amphibious OperationsHelocast, Boat, Scout Swimmer

• Time schedule: The time schedule of all events from start to end. Accurate timing for each

event is critical

• Embarkation point: The point where the team gets on the transporting craft

• Drop site: This is the site where the team leaves the primary craft and loads onto smaller boats


• Physical condition of team/Team qualifications

• Distance to the NAI

• Waterproofing/Weather conditions

• Tidal conditions / Tides, Waves, & Currents


Cont.


• Equipment required-boats, motors, etc.

• Height to cast from (helocast)

• Navigation (GPS,compass,landmarks)


Cont.


• Noise and light discipline

• Actions on the beach

• Plan for unloading boat(s)

• Plan for disposal or camouflage of boat(s)

•Availability of cover and concealment


Cont.


•Characteristics of landing and exit sites

•Actions during movement to the beach


Cont.


Amphibious Contingencies• Injured/Missing personnel

• Damaged/Missing equipment

• Wrong insertion point

• Enemy contact enroute

• Hot helocast site

• Flares


• Aerial attack

• Small arms / Indirect fire

• Downed aircraft procedures (if applicable)

• E&R/Separation

•High surf/ adverse weather

Amphibious ContingenciesCont.


E.L.O. C

Action- Identify the planning considerations for conducting a land infil


Standards- Utilize planning considerations in order to determine the best land infil/ exfil possible


Vehicular Insertion

• Type of vehicle

• Rigging of vehicle

• Navigation

• QRF

• Rehearsals


• Communications

• Security

• Vehicle Crew

Vehicular InsertionCont.


Vehicular Contingencies

• Vehicle breakdown

• Roadblock

• Ambush

• Enemy contact

• Alternate Routes


Foot Infiltration/Exfiltration• Physical condition of the team

• Distance/Terrain to be covered

• Weight to be carried

• Resupply/Cache


Foot Movement Contingencies

• Injured personnel

• Enemy contact

• No commo

• Damaged equipment


Roll Over Positions

• When to occupy the position

• Supplies

• Personnel personalities

• Site construction


Roll Over Contingencies

• Length of stay longer than planned

• Supplies

• Sick/Injured personnel

• Compromise of site


E.L.O. D

Action- Identify the planning considerations in exfil operations


Standards- Utilize planning considerations in order to select the best possible exfil technique


ExtractionCommon Considerations

• Communication with extraction method

• Signaling/Marking of PZ

• Recon of extraction site

• PZ posture

• CCP procedures


Extraction Contingencies

• Failure of extraction method to show

• No commo with extraction method

• Signaling device not working

• Enemy contact during extraction


Airmobile Extraction

• Size of PZ/Slope

• Extraction technique: Helicopter landing Spies, troop ladder, JP,

• Security

• Order/Method of loading


SPIES Extraction

• Use only if airmobile is unavailable

• Currency of personnel

• SPIES site

• Security/Order of hook up

• Length of time on rope


When you are transmitting to the pilot, there are six communication techniques that you should try to follow.

•Speak directly into the handset.•Speak in a normal conversation tone.•Avoid a monotone pitch.•Avoid fast or slow rates of speech.•Avoid any display of emotion, nervousness, indecision,

orexcitement.•Speak with confidence.

Aircraft Communication


Pilot Transmission GTA Transmission

____ this is Raven ____- over.Raven ____ this is ____- over

____ this is Raven ____, CCP inbound- over. Raven ____ this is ____, state number, type, and

intentions- over. ____ this is Raven ____, single UH-6O inboundto your location for ____ extraction.

Raven ____ this is_____,Heading _ _ _, Distance___ kilometers, Land heading _ _ _, Signal on call, Continue approach for visual identification – over.

____ this is Raven ____, Roger – over. Raven ____ this is ____, I am at your ___ o’clock ___ meters. Signal out, can you identify? – over. ____ this is Raven ____, identify ____ - over

Raven ____ this is ____, you are clear to approach (land). Note: An advisory may be given to the A/C as they make they’re approach, (winds, enemy sit. or ground conditions). * From this point the team would either prepare to board the A/C, or get ready for a spies extraction.

Aircraft Communication


Amphibious Extraction

• Adequacy of extraction site-depth, banks, etc.

• Waterproofing

• Security

• Order of load

• Distance to extraction site


Friendly Unit Linkup

• Coordination with friendly unit

• Recon of site

• Moving vs. static element

• Actions after linkup


SUMMARY

- Insertion/Extraction

- Airborne platform

- Waterborne platform

- Vehicular platform


QUESTIONS?

Reconnaissance and Surveillance Leader Course Infiltration/Exfiltration Insertion/Extraction.

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