Reclamation > remediation > urbanization

RECLAMATION > REMEDIATION > URBANIZATIONa remedial blue-green infrastructure for Alna towards 2050

Diploma project by Emil Nyutstumo Horn, AHO, spring 2015

Diploma projectAHO, spring 2015

Emil Nyutstumo Horn

Supervisor: Marianne SkjulhaugSecondary supervisor: Geir Nummedal

2

THANKS TO

I would like to give a big thank you to everyone that has in some way, in different phases, contrbuted to this project. Some as experts in research and analysis work, and some for giving direct feedback to the project.

Marianne Skjulhaug and Geir Nummedal for supportive supervision and helpful feedback.

Vidar Berget, leader, Alnaelvas Venner.

Arne Bergsgard, Unit Manager, Groruddalsenheten, PBE Oslo Kommune.

Tomas Aasved Hjort, Architect, Verdensrommet.

Per Pedersen, Head Engineer, Jernbaneverket.

Ken Bang, Terminal Manager, RailCombi AS.

And a big thanks to the rest of the spring diploma class of 2015 for valuable feedback and discussion.

3

CONTENTS

INTRO

SITE

RECLAMATION > REMEDIATION > URBANIZATION

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15

39

thanks tocontents

population growthGroruddalen under pressureAlna next in lineblue-green disconnectionproject statement

site mapAlnabru Terminalthe E6 highwayAlfaset cemetaryAlna Riverwaste landscapewasted landscapecar landscapebuilding structures

methodprocessinspirational litteratureproject timelinesoil pollutionstrategic phytoremediationphytoremediative vegetation characterbuilding mass transformationtransformation / afterusealna phytocenter + E6 bufferrecreational space / educational spaceplanplan elementssections: Kjelsrudsections: Metallco / Stubberudsections: Stubberud /E6phytoremediation filtration pondsterminal riverwalk

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910111213

161819202122232931

404446485051526869707374757682889496

5

INTRODUCTION

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Reclamation > remediation > urbanization (hereafter RRU for short) emanated from a personal search for alternative strategies of developing new urban areas, or even in densifying old ones in the Norwegian context. Too often, when talking about infrastructure in an urban context, city developers are thinking about roads. In the same way, the city planners is starting with the roads when planning for urban development. What if a remedial blue-green structure could instead be the starting point?

RRU is a specific proposal of a landscape design, yet more importantly it is a discourse about a possible new way of thinking urban development in polluted Scandinavian areas.

The timeframe for the project is set towards 2050, as Oslo municipality has in their official municipal area plan set this timeframe for densifying Oslo inwards. Thus, the project is phased in three points in time, often also closely related to the three themes: reclamation, remediation, and urbanization. These three points in time will also appear throughout in the project material:

2015: the existing situation.

2025: the stratetic intervention, and design proposal.

2050: future potential.

8

2015

54,2%

[UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs][UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs] [UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs]

% of the words population living in urban areas.Exponential population growth % of Norways population living in urban areas.

66,7%

2050

[Statens Sentralbyrå, numbers from 2013]

norwegians move to Oslo annually from other parts of the country.

The world population is increasing exponentially. In addition more and more people live in urban areas. This is posing big challenges for how we are dealing with rapid growth the urban context. Oslo is one of the cities expecting the most rapid population growth in the near future.

foreigners move to Oslo annually.

10.000 BC 20150 AD

1 B

2 B

3 B

4 B

5 B

6 B

7 B

28 840

16 400

2015

80,5% 86,9%

2050

[Statens Sentralbyrå]

9

[Statens Sentralbyrå]

[Oslo kommune, kommuneplan plandel 2013]

[Statens Sentralbyrå, 1. jan 2015]

Oslo m

unicip

ality

Oslo municipality’s current Strategical Area Plan Towards 2050 strongly suggest that the areas in the valley bottom of Groruddalen is going to have to take most of the expected urban growth.

2040 low growth estimate

2040 medium growth estimate

2040 high growth estimate

Bergen city population 275.112

635.000

758.179

828.820

953.600

318.600

2015 population

potential 2040 growth

that

is eq

uivalent to

moving more than the entire population of...

in 25

years Oslo is estimated to grow to

... all into Groruddalen

2015

2040

Groruddalen is under pressure

10

Hovinbyen

Inner city

Alna

Bjerke

Grorud

Stovner

[Oslo kommune, kommuneplan plandel 2013]

In a 2030 perspective, Oslo municipality is focusing heavily on development from the inner city and outwards. Hovinbyen is the collective name of the large area between the inner city and Grorruddalen, and is the area currently undergoing major changes. As the municipality plans show, Alna will be part of the 2050 area of focus.

Alna next in line

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Alna

Grorud

Kværnerbyen

Oslo S

Alna has the longest stretch of piped river in Groruddalen in addition to a lot of disconnections and unaccessibility to the river. This illustrates the big potential of re-connection as a core in future development.

Blue-green disconnection

green structure connected to the river

connected pedestrian path

urban riverwalk

completely unaccessible river stretch

piped river

Alnsjøen

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PROJECT STATEMENT

The project Reclamation > Remediation > Urbanization proposes a new remedial blue-green, soft infrastructure as a strategic backbone of a future 2050 liveable urban situation in Alna.

RECLAMATIONThe site of the project is strategically selected as it is a landscape of pollution, hard infrastructures, logistics and ecological disconnections. RRU proposes to reclaim this landscape and reconnect a missing link in the blue-green system. Equally important is also what to not to “reclaim”. In a 2050 mindset, some of the structures in the area is very likely to still have great value, like the Alnabru container terminal and the E6 highway. Therefore RRU is seeking to deal with the problems and potentials of having these structures next to a housing area through my design, rather than to change their function. Premises for the project is therefore establishing a new blue-green infrastructure, while keeping the most important existing infrastructures of today.

REMEDIATIONThe Alna landscape is severely polluted, and before any housing, schools or kindergartens can be built, pollution has to be minimized. The chosen method of remediation is through re-vegetating the area; phytoremediation. Plants have the ability of both absorbing pollutants from soil and water, filter polluted air, and reduce noise pollution. In a 2050 time-frame this remediation method has the potential to be the perfect solution. As a symbol of change, the Alna shopping center is transformed to an institution connected to the Oslo botanical garden and UiO (University of Oslo) providing educational value, maintaining the vegetation and doing research on phytoremediation in the Norwegian climate.

URBANIZATIONOslo’s population is predicted to grow immensely. In this project, the term urbanization largely translates to creating a place where people will want to live, as a result of RRU’s reclamation and remediation strategies. In the chosen timeframe of 2050 the project will attempt to show the future potential of my the 2025 strategy. The shown potential is not intended as specific proposals, but rather as possible outcomes and as a flexibility in how my design can improve a living situation in a long-term.

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SITE

15

Østre Aker veiContainer terminal consolidation crane areaAlna River Alfaset culvert descentAlna River parkTollpost globe (major consolidator)Bring’s new logistic terminal (major consolidator under construction)Alna local train stationAlnabru terminalPosten (major consolidator)Alfaset cemetaryNedre KalbakkveiSchenker (major consolidator)Alna River (no pedestrian access)Alna River (short stretch of river walk)Alnabru single housing areaAlna shopping centerE6 highwayAlna River Breivoll culvertHaugerud T-baneStubberudfeltetStrømsveienStubberudmyraKjelsrud

0102

03040506

0708091011121314151617181920212223

Alfaset

Stubberud

Breivoll

Kjelsrud

Alnabru08

07

17

19

11

0403

13

14

12

09

05

02

10

15

06

16

20

2122

23

18

01

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ALNABRU TERMINAL

View seen from Nedre Kalbakkvei, Alfaset. The new Bring logistics center can be seen to the left.

Alnabru terminal

The advantages of having a terminal this central in the city heavily outweighs the drawbacks. Not only is it a heavy economic generator for the entire region, but it also reduces pressure on the road system, making it environmentally friendlier than a terminal outside the urban fabric.

A premiss for this project will be keeping the terminal.

Alnabru terminal 2050?

The Alnabru Terminal is an intermodal container railway terminal. The terminal is processing approximately 620.000 TEU’s (twenty-foot equivalent unit) yearly, making it one of Scandinavia’s busiest intermodal terminals. There has previously been suggestions to move the terminal out of the city to free valuable land for urban development. But the idea has been deemed unfeasible, and rejected. The terminal has such a big economic importance to the city, region and nation, and it will remain in its current location for the overseeable future.

18

View seen pedestrian bridge by Breivoll.

THE E6 HIGHWAY

Even though the E6 is the cause of heavy noise and air pollution, I do not see the future without it.

A premiss for this project will be keeping the E6 highway, but to maximize the livability in proximity to the highway through remediative design.

E6 2050?

E6

19

ALFASET CEMETARY

Alfaset cemetary

The cemetary is a greenspace that is not required to be accessible at all times, it can be closed off. It is an entity of its own, and I choose not to modify this space in my design. It still serves an important fuction in an urban situation, which I see as a good thing in my project.

20

ALNA RIVER

Alfaset: the river falls into a culvert, underneath parts of the terminal area. Breivoll: the river re-appeares on the other side of the E6.

Can the river be daylighted, reconnecting a broken ecological link, while providing recreational space for people?

Breivoll

Unaccessible river strech

Alfaset

Alna River 2050?2m Break in the hydrological infrastructure: Fish

which once used this hydrological infrastructure, can not pass the barrier at Alfaset.

21

WASTE LANDSCAPE

Metallco AS, a metal scrapyard company where the current use is a very likely cause of soil pollution. Still, most of the pollution come from previous industrial use, and landfills.

22

WASTED LANDSCAPE

Horisontal development, “leftover” space and open areas.

23

CAR LANDSCAPE

There is a close to non-existing pedestrian and bicyle system established in the area. The pedestrian is traveling on the cars premesis.

29

BUILDING STRUCTURES

The apparent qualities of the building mass varies to some degree, but in general, the building mass is mostly very light, almost temporary structures.

31

Alna shopping centre: a shopping mall almost exclusive to those who drive a car there.

36

Alnabru single housing area.

37

RECLAMATION > REMEDIATION > URBANIZATION

39

METHOD

Alna is a site with major pollution issues. Both from todays use, like metal scrapyards and a major road system, but also from old use, like the Stubberud landfill.

(see attachment booklet)

Compiled from different sources, I collected the plants that has proven to be remediative in some way, and can survive in the norwegian climate.

(see attachment booklet)

From the pollution studies, sub-sites with specific pollution “fingerprints” is identifiable.

Identifying pollutants

Building a remediation plant database

Identifying strategic sites

1

2

3

3

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

40

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSCOPPER

ETHYLBENZENELEAD

PCBPHTHALATES

TRICHLOROETHYLENE

Methane pump harvestingBiodegradation through sparging Chemical injection

Acer saccharinumAgrostis capillaris L.Amorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiArtemisia frigidaAthyrium yokoscenseAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaCercis canadensisChrysanthemum x morifoliumCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElaeagnus angustifoliaFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusIris germanicaIris pseudacorusLemna minorLiriodendron tulipiferaLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus rubraNymphaea odorataPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus maximowicziiPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusQuercus palustrisRaphanus sativusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix exiguaSalix nigraSalix pentandraSpartina pectinataThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica procera

pollution fingerprint 3

Crosschecking the pollution fingerprints with the plants capable of remediating these pollutants, allows us to see which plant species can have an especially remediative effect in the specific site. The darker the dots next to the plant species in the diagram, the more pollutants it can accumulate.

As a result from the efficiency analysis, a certain character is revealed on each site. Efficiency is important, but sometimes also other factors must be taken into consideratrion, like certain plant properties such as growing conditions and special tolerances or combinations of pollutants accumulated. I have chosen to show how only a few species can give the site a specific character, like in this example, with sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) and ferns (Dryopteris erythrosora).

Site specific remediative efficiency 2025: Remediative planting and spatial character

How can the new urban development in the area benefit from these spaces? These green spaces and new ecology is the deciding factor in how urbanity will intervene.

2050: Future potential

41

Arsenic

Andropogon gerardii

Agrostis capillaris L.

Avena sativa

Cucurbita pepo

Bouteloua curtipendula

Helianthus annuus

Cynodon dactylon

Raphanus sativus

Populus deltoides

Salix alba ‘Tristis’

Spirodela polyrhiza

Salix pentandra

Thlaspi caerulescens

Iris germanica

Juncus effuses

Iris pseudacorus

Lupinus albus

Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

Pinus taeda

Morus rubra

phyt

orem

edia

tion

toxic

ity

Very toxic to water organisms[miljøstatus.no]

[miljøstatus.no]

As33

Arsenic74.922

Highly carcinogenic

42

Helianthus annuus

Helia

nthu

s ann

uus

Sunflower

[htt

p://u

ploa

d.w

ikim

edia

.org

/wiki

pedi

a/co

mm

ons/

d/d8

/Hel

iant

hus_

annu

us_0

001.

JPG]

tole

ranc

eac

cum

ulat

ed to

xins

spatial character

Clay tolerant

High hp tolerant

Arsenic

Cadmium

Chromium

Copper

Lead

Manganese

Nickel

Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB)

Zinc

sun

method Phytoextraction

Rhizofiltrationquantity

Hyperaccumulator

43

PM

>50 µg/m

yearly middle value PM “safe air” value

dust particles

10

10

3

<20 µg/m==NO

>50 µg/m

yearly middle valueNO “safe air” value

[Norwegian Environment Agency, 2014]

[dangerousdecibels.org]

[Norwegian Environment Agency, 2014]

[Miljøstatus.no]

nitrogen dioxide

runoff water from hard surfaces containing oil and petroleum products from transportation

polluted soil by old landfills and both old and new industrial use

redistributed soil as topographic buffer, reducing noise pollution

parking area

storage building

tall vegetation filtering polluted air, picking up dust particles and releasing oxygen

new topography opens for pedestrian connections and lidding across the E6 highway

intensive phytoremediation

safe soil pollution levels


small vegetational buffer ofnon-strategical planting

E6 highway

2

2

3

3<40 µg/m == 3

>80 dB

average 24 hour noise level

= 85 dB

level which sustained exposure may result in hearing loss

=

Some sketchesPROCESS

44

Topographic landscape + concept model

Terminal

Alfaset River culvert

Stubberud Trosterud

Alna shopping mall

Breivoll

E6

45

LANDSCAPE OF CONTEMPORARY INFRASTRUCTUREKelly Shannon and Marcel SmetsNAi Publishers, Rotterdam, 2010

DROSSCAPE: WASTING LAND IN URBAN AMERICAAlan BergerPrinceton Architectural Press, New York, 2006

LANDSCAPE INFRASTRUCTURE

MANUFACTURED SITES: RETHINKING THE POST-INDUSTRIAL LANDSCAPE

SWA

Niall Kirkwood

Birkhauser Verlaag GMBH, Basel, 2013

Taylor & Francis, New York, 2001

INSPIRATIONAL LITERATURE

46

PROJECT TIMELINE

48

Co27

Cobalt58.933

Zn30

Zinc65.39

Pb82

Lead207.2

Ni28

Nickel58.693

Hg80

Mercury200.59

Cr24

Chromium51.996

Cd48

Cadmium112.411As

33

Arsenic74.922

Cu29

Copper63.546

PCB

Trichlorethene

Naphthalene

Ethylbenzene

Benzene

Tuolene

PAH

Phtalates

Methane (Aliphatic hydrocarbon)

STUBBERUD LANDFILL (1947 - 1963)

SOIL POLLUTION

50

1

2

3

3

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

STRATEGIC PHYTOREMEDIATION SITES

Landfill soil

redistributio

n


STRATEGIC SITES

intensive phytoremediation+ buffer zone

51

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSARSENIC

BENZENECADMIUM

CHROMIUMCOPPER

LEADMERCURY

NICKELPAHPCB

PHTHALATESTRICHLOROETHYLENE

ZINC

Methane pump harvestingBiodegradation through sparging

Acer saccharinumAchillea millefoliumAgrostis capillaris L.Alyssum wulfenianumAmaranthus retroflexusAmorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiArtemisia frigidaAthyrium yokoscenseAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaCercis canadensisChrysanthemum x morifoliumClaytonia perfoliataCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElaeagnus angustifoliaElymus canadensisFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHedera helixHelianthus annuusIris germanicaIris pseudacorusJuncus effusesLemna minorLiriodendron tulipiferaLittorella unifloraLolium perenneLupinus albusMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus alba ‘Platanifolia’Morus rubraNymphaea odorataPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus maximowicziiPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusQuercus palustrisRaphanus sativusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix exiguaSalix nigraSalix pentandraScirpus acutusSilene vulgarisSpartina pectinataSpirodela polyrhizaThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica proceraViola spp.Zostera marina


PHYTOREMEDIATIVE VEGETATION CHARACTER

52

Salix alba ‘Tristis’Typha latifoliaPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaThlaspi caerulescensLolium perenneElymus canadensisPhragmites australisAvena satitvaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix exiguaSalix nigraSalix pentandraAcer saccharinum

53

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSARSENIC

CADMIUMCHROMIUM

COPPERLEAD

MERCURYNICKEL

PCBZINC

Methane pump harvesting

Acer saccharinumAchillea millefoliumAgrostis capillaris L.Alyssum wulfenianumAmaranthus retroflexusAmorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiArtemisia frigidaAthyrium yokoscenseAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaClaytonia perfoliataCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusIris germanicaIris pseudacorusJuncus effusesLemna minorLiriodendron tulipiferaLittorella unifloraLolium perenneLupinus albusMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus alba ‘Platanifolia’Morus rubraNymphaea odorataPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusRaphanus sativusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraSalix pentandraSilene vulgarisSpartina pectinataSpirodela polyrhizaThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica proceraViola spp.Zostera marina


54

Helianthus annuusDryopteris erythrosoraThlaspi caerulescens

55


ETHYLBENZENELEAD

PCBPHTHALATES

TRICHLOROETHYLENE

Methane pump harvestingBiodegradation through sparging Chemical injection

Acer saccharinumAgrostis capillaris L.Amorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiArtemisia frigidaAthyrium yokoscenseAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaCercis canadensisChrysanthemum x morifoliumCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElaeagnus angustifoliaFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusIris germanicaIris pseudacorusLemna minorLiriodendron tulipiferaLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus rubraNymphaea odorataPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus maximowicziiPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusQuercus palustrisRaphanus sativusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix exiguaSalix nigraSalix pentandraSpartina pectinataThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica procera


56

Pinus nigraPinus taedaLolium perenne

57

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSBENZENE

NICKELPAHPCB

Methane pump harvesting Acer saccharinumAlyssum wulfenianumAmaranthus retroflexusAndropogon gerardiiAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaChrysanthemum x morifoliumElymus canadensisFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusHedera helixHelianthus annuusLiriodendron tulipiferaMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus rubraPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPopulus deltoidesPopulus maximowicziiRaphanus sativusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraScirpus acutusThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica procera


58

Betula pendulaPhalaris arundinaceaChrysanthemum x morifolium

59

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSLEAD

PAHPCB


Acer saccharinumAgrostis capillaris L.Amorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiAthyrium yokoscenseAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElymus canadensisFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusLemna minorLiriodendron tulipiferaLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus rubraPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix pentandraTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica proceraViola spp.


60

Triticum aestivumPopulus deltoides

61

ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSLEADZINC

Methane pump harvesting Agrostis capillaris L.Amaranthus retroflexusAmorpha fruticosaAthyrium yokoscenseAvena sativaBouteloua curtipendulaCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraFestuca arundinaceaGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusIris germanicaLemna minorLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMedicago sativaPascopyrum smithiiPhragmites australisPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraSalix pentandraSilene vulgarisThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifolia


62

Avena sativaBouteloua curtipendulaFestuca arundinaceaPascopyrum smithiiPhragmites australisSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraSalix pentandra

63

AQUATIC/WETLANDS PLANTS

Acorus calamusIris pseudacorusLemna minorLittorella unifloraNymphaea odorataPhragmites australisPotamogeton crispusScirpus acutusSpirodela polyrhizaTypha latifoliaZostera marina


64

Acorus calamusIris pseudacorusLemna minorLittorella unifloraNymphaea odorataPhragmites australisPotamogeton crispusScirpus acutusSpirodela polyrhizaTypha latifoliaZostera marina

65


LEADNICKEL

PAHZINC

Methane pump harvesting Agrostis capillaris L.Alyssum wulfenianumAmaranthus retroflexusAmorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiArtemisia frigidaAthyrium yokoscenseAvena sativaBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElymus canadensisFestuca arundinaceaGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusIris germanicaIris pseudacorusLemna minorLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMedicago sativaMorus rubraNymphaea odorataPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusRaphanus sativusRhus typhinaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraSalix pentandraSilene vulgarisSpartina pectinataThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica procera


ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSLEAD

PAHPCB

TOLUENE



Acer saccharinumAgrostis capillaris L.Amorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiAthyrium yokoscenseAtriplex hortensisAvena sativaBetula nigraBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaChrysanthemum x morifoliumCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElymus canadensisFestuca arundinaceaFraxinusGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHedera helixHelianthus annuusLemna minorLiriodendron tulipiferaLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMaclura pomiferaMedicago sativaMorus rubraPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus nigraPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus maximowicziiPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusRhus typhinaSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix pentandraTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica proceraViola spp.

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ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONSCHROMIUM

COPPERLEAD

PAHZINC


Agrostis capillaris L.Amaranthus retroflexusAmorpha fruticosaAndropogon gerardiiArtemisia frigidaAthyrium yokoscenseAvena sativaBetula pendulaBouteloua curtipendulaCucurbita pepoCynodon dactylonDeschampsia caespitosaDistichlis spicataDryopteris erythrosoraElymus canadensisFestuca arundinaceaGleditsia triacanthosGuercus gambeliiHelianthus annuusIris germanicaIris pseudacorusLemna minorLittorella unifloraLolium perenneMedicago sativaMorus rubraNymphaea odorataPascopyrum smithiiPhalaris arundinaceaPhragmites australisPinus taedaPolygonum lapathifoliumPopulus deltoidesPopulus tremuloidesPotamogeton crispusRaphanus sativusSalix albaSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraSalix pentandraSilene vulgarisSpartina pectinataThlaspi caerulescensTrifolium repensTriticum aestivumTypha latifoliaUrtica procera


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existing important terminal buildings

PRESERVED

TRANSFORMATION

DEMOLISHED

new important terminal buildings

Alfaset crematorium

Old farm houses

Existing family housing

Alna Shopping center

Various industry/logistics/buisnesses

Various industry/logistics/buisnesses on polluted soil

BUILDING MASS TRANSFORMATION

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TRANSFORMATION / AFTERUSE

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ALNA PHYTOCENTER + E6 BUFFER2015 Alna shopping mall

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ALNA PHYTOCENTER + E6 BUFFER2025 Alna Phytocenter

Alna shopping mall is transformed to Alna Phytocenter. Alna Phytocenter can be connected to Oslo Botanical Garden and UiO (Oslo University), monitoring and maintaining the remediative green structure, and doing research on phytoremediative vegetation and pollutants in the nordic climate.

A large-scale institution like this will not only have a strong signal effect on pollution awareness, but can potentially result in research and knowledge benefitting urban development in Oslo, Scandinavia, even the world.

!

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ALNA PHYTOCENTER + E6 BUFFER2050 Alna Phytocenter, housing and pedestrian crossings

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RECREATIONAL SPACE / EDUCATIONAL SPACEA phytoremediation system managed by a center like the Alna Phyto Center, who maintains and does research on phytoremediation in the nordic climate, will have great educational value, creating awareness and knowledge of pollution among the people using this green corridor as recreational space.

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pedestrian bridge

pedestrian bridge

Alnabru Phytocenter

E6

pedestrian bridge

topographical + vegetational buffer

zone + intensive phytoremediation on

redistributed landfill soil

Kjelsrud farm

civic spine

terminal riverwalk

Alna River daylighted

Alnabru local train station

Haugerud subway station

Alfaset cemetary

scale 1:2500 50m 100m 500m

Acor

us ca

lam

usIri

s ps

euda

coru

sLe

mna

min

orLi

ttor

ella

uni

flora

Nym

phae

a od

orat

aPh

ragm

ites

aust

ralis

Pota

mog

eton

crisp

usSc

irpus

acu

tus

Spiro

dela

pol

yrhi

zaTy

pha

latif

olia

Zost

era

mar

ina

Avena sativaBouteloua curtipendulaFestuca arundinaceaPascopyrum smithiiPhragmites australisSalix alba ‘Tristis’Salix nigraSalix pentandra

Betula pendula

Phalaris arundinacea

Chrysanthemum x morifolium

Pinus taeda


Pascopyrum smithii

Phragmites australis

Salix nigra

Pinus nigraPinus taeda

Lolium perenne

Avena s

ativa

Bouteloua

curti

pendu

la

Festu

ca ar

undin

acea

Pasco

pyrum

smith

ii

Phragmite

s aus

tralis

Salix a

lba ‘Tr

istis’

Salix n

igra

Salix p

entan

dra

Triticu

m aestivum

Morus rubra

Populus deltoides

Helianthus annuus

Dryopteris erythrosora


Pinus nigra

Pinus taeda

Lolium perenne


Typha latifolia

Pascopyrum smithii

Phalaris arundinacea


Lolium perenne

Elymus canadensis

Phragmites australis

Avena sativa

Salix alba


Salix exigua

Salix nigra

Salix pentandra

Acer saccharinum

Deschampsia caespitosa


Medicago sativa

Pascopyrum smithii

Polygonum lapathifolium

2025 HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

phytoremdiation w

etlands

filtratio

n ponds secti

on

E6 buffer secttions

Stubberud sections

Kjelsrud sections

PHYTO SITE 10

PHYTO SITE 5

PHYTO SITE 9

PHYTO SITE 8

PHYTO SITE 7

PHYTO SITE 6

PHYTO SITE 2

PHYTO SITE 3

PHYT

O SITE

3

PHYTO SITE 4

PHYTO SITE 1

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INTENSIVE PHYTOREMEDIATION

GENERAL PEDESTRIAN NETWORK

WATER SYSTEM

SOIL REDISTRIBUTION

cut

fill

industrial riverwalk

daylighted river

phytoremediation filtration ponds

fillfill

Alnabru local train station

Haugerud subway station

MAIN BICYCLE PATHS

GREEN CORRIDOR

PUBLIC TRANSPORT SPINE

TERMINAL CONNECTIVITY NEW TOPOGRAPHY

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2015Strategic site 1, Kjelsrud

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2015Strategic site 2, Stubberud / Metallco

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2015Strategic site 3, Stubberud / E6

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Strategic site 3, Stubberud / E62025Strategic site 3, Stubberud / E6

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Strategic site 3, Stubberud / E62050Strategic site 3, Stubberud / E6

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PHYTOREMEDIATION FILTRATION PONDS

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The Terminal Riverwalk can provide a close connection to the buzzeling industry of Norways largest intermodal container terminal. The daylighting will provide a reconnected link in the hydrological riverscape letting water organisms travel along the at the same time provide a “shortcut” in the river walk for pedestrians and bicyclists, while the River itself is canaled to have a strict appearance in a limited space, and be a natural divider between terminal activities and people.

trainspotting platform / terminal view

TERMINAL RIVERWALK

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Reclamation > remediation > urbanization

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