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HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Recent developments in Recent developments in
sea bass and seabream sea bass and seabream
mappingmapping
Elena Sarropoulou
Paris 7-8th February, 2008
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Hellenic Centre for Marine ResearchHellenic Centre for Marine Research
Institute of Marine Biology and GeneticsInstitute of Marine Biology and Genetics
•Institute of Oceanography
•Institute of Aquaculture
•Institute of Marine Biological Resources
•Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics
•Institute of Inland Waters
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics
CRETE (IMBG)CRETE (IMBG)
“THALASSOKOSOMOS: IMBG AND CRETAQARIUM“THALASSOKOSOMOS: IMBG AND CRETAQARIUM
Director: Dr. A. Magoulas Director: Dr.P.Divanach
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Recent developments in Recent developments in
sea bass and seabream sea bass and seabream
mappingmapping
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Biological MotivationBiological Motivation
� Detection of molecular markers linked to phenotypes which
are of importance for aquaculture such as growth, body shape,
color and disease resistances.
�Detection of candidate genes responsible for quantitative and
qualitative traits.
� Detection of syntenic relationships and conserved regions
among teleosts.
� Insights of the genomic make up of sea bream and sea bass
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Zebrafish tumors caused by
mutation of a ribosomal
protein gene
Seabream/ Sea bass:
variations between
individuals (which are
inherited to the next
generation).
•Growth
•Shape
•Disease resistance
•Skeletal dimorphism
•Color mutations
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Molecular toolsMolecular tools
• Molecular markers
=> microsatellite markers, EST-SSRs
=>SNPs
• Maps
=>Genetic linkage map
=>Radiation hybrid map
=>Physical map
• QTL mapping
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Microsatellite markers(Also known as –Tandem simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or Variable
Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) or short tandem repeats (STR) or
simply Microsatellites)
Tandemly repeated sequences whose unit of repetition is between one and six bp. Most commonly used repeats GA or CA
and GATA and GACA
Classified in three families:
– Pure: CACACACACACACACACACA
– Compound: CACACACACAGAGAGAGAGA
– Interrupted: CACATTCACACATTCATTCA
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
TWO ALLELES
• Heterozygous
CGTAGTCATCACACACACACACACACGTAGCG
CGTAGTCATCACACACACACACACACACGTAGCG
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Molecular toolsMolecular tools
• Molecular markers
=> microsatellite markers, EST-SSRs
=>SNPs
• Maps
=>Genetic linkage map
=>Radiation hybrid map
=>Physical map
• QTL mapping
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Candidate gene approach:
combining phenotypic analysis of the genes function with
information about the approximate genetic map location. Cloning by
the candidate gene approach begins with an in depth analysis of
phenotype in order to define the genes’ biological function (e.g for
mutations which result in fish that lack all pigment, the gene is likely
to code for an enzyme involved in melanin biosynthesis) .
Positional cloning or recombinant mapping:
relies on the use of polymorphisms that occur between the mutant strain and
the mapping strain, where the mapping strain is crossed with the mutant
carrier to generate a mapping line from which mutant and wild type sibling
embryos are collected. The identification of polymorphic markers that are
closely linked to the mutation, through comparisons of wild type and mutant
embryos, is a critical step in any positional cloning project.
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Three different kinds of MAPs
• Genetic Map
• Radiation hybrid map
• Physical map
• Genetic Map
• Radiation hybrid map
• Physical map
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Genetic linkage map
12.1 %
12.1 %
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Second generation linkage map and synteny analysis of European sea bass
Chistiakov D., J. Lagnel, C. S. Tsigenopoulos, C. Haley, B. Hellemans, F.A.M. Volckaert, G. Kotoulas
Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, A719 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street,
Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) Crete, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics (IMBG), T
halassocosmos, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, P.O.Box 2214,, 715 00 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UKScotland
submitted
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Second-generation linkage Map (in prep)
– 196 microsatellites, 176 AFLPs and 2 SNPs
– 36 linkage groups / sex-averaged map spanned 1373.1
cM
– Sixty seven markers (11 microsatellites, 47 AFLPs and
9 SNPs) remained unlinked
– The current linkage map includes 24 anonymous type I
microsatellites derived from ESTs and 6 genes
including peptide Y, CYP19, SOX10, PXN1, ERA and
TCRB
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Genetics 174: 851–861 (October 2006)
First Map: (Franch et al, 2006)
204 markers (7 EST-SSRs and 197 SSRs)
Unlinked:6, un-positioned: 7
26 linkage groups, 1241.9 cM
SEABREAMSEABREAM
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Second-generation linkage Map (in prep)
– 196 microsatellites, 176 AFLPs and 2 SNPs
– 36 linkage groups / sex-averaged map spanned 1373.1
cM
– Sixty seven markers (11 microsatellites, 47 AFLPs and
9 SNPs) remained unlinked
– The current linkage map includes 24 anonymous type I
microsatellites derived from ESTs and 6 genes
including peptide Y, CYP19, SOX10, PXN1, ERA
and TCRB
SEABASS:
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Second MapSecond Map (Aquafirst, in prep)
–327 markers (105 EST-SSRs and 222SSRs)
–Unlinked: 16, un-positioned: 4
–26 (to 29) linkage groups, 2221 cM
SEABREAM:
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Three different kinds of MAPs
• Genetic Map
• Radiation hybrid map
• Physical map
• Genetic Map
• Radiation hybrid map
• Physical map
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Seabream Hamster
Each clone retain ~30 % of the seabream genome. Linkage is determined by statistical
analysis of co-retention frequency.
Radiation
Senger et al. 2006
Radiation hybrid mapping: Method to map ESTs, genes Radiation hybrid mapping: Method to map ESTs, genes
and other DNA’sand other DNA’s
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
PipelineTemplate DNA dilution in 96 deep well plates
Oligos 20µΜ in 96 Cluster tubes
PCR
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Genotyping
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
cDN07P0006M12 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
SA-E10A_H05 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
SA-E11C_A11 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cDN08P0005J15 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010001000000000100000
cDN07P0002O 22 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000222002002022020100012200012122000000010100000
SA-E10C_H1 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000000010100000010100001000000000000000001000000100011
cDN04P0001J09 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000000100000011000000011101100
cDN12P0006G1 0 200000002000000000000000000000000000000000100000000000000000000000002000000020000000000000000
cDN04P0005B05 200000002000000000000000000000000000000010000000010001000110000000000000000001000000000000011
cDN04P0003N2 2 200000002000000000000000000000000000000100000000000000000100000000010000000000000000000000000
cDN11P0004L03 200000002000000000000000000000000000100000100000000000000001000100012011001100010000010100011
cDN11P0001A02 200000002000000000000000000000000001000000001000010100010000000110000001000100000000000000101
cDN02P0003C11 200000002000000000000000000000001000000100000000010000010000000000000000100000000100100100101
cDN03P0005L10 200000002000000000000000000000001000001000000010110000000110000001000000000001001000000000000
cDN01P0006B15 200000002000000000000000000000002000000000000101000000000110000000000000000001001000000000000
cDN02P0003M14 200000002000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cDN08P0005J24 200000002000000000000000000000100100000000100000001000000101100000000100000000111011111000000
SAPD01676|TET2A 200000002000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100200
cDN03P0006E09 200000002000000000000000000100000001000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
cDN10P0001F24 200000002000000000000000010001000011000000000001000010001000000000001000000100101000001010000
SAPD02114 200000002000000000000000010100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100000000000100000
cDN01P0004L04 200000002000000000000000011000000000100101100010010000000000000000110000000000000000010000000
cDN02P0005N02 200000002000000000000001000000000000001000000000000001000000001000000100000022000000000010000
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
� 288 microsatellite marker
� 82 genes
� 70 STS
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
� 428 gene-based markers
� 74 microsatellite marker
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Coding sequences for RH
mapping
24%
5%
7%
7%7%3%
19%
28%
Pthrp stimul. Subtract.Larvae head
Kidney
Intervert. Cartilage
Pituitary
Estrog. Stimul. Subtrac.Gonads
Whole body
Liver
Larvae
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Type,Number, and Reference of Markers
Typed on the RH panel
D.M.Power
L.Bargelloni
G.Kotoulas
560Type II:
Microsatellites
1400Total
D.M.Power
L.Bargelloni
G.Kotoulas
840TYPE I :
Coding sequences
OriginNumber of
markers on the
actual map
Successfully PCR
amplified
Numbers of
markers
genotyped
Markers
694
463
1157 945
448
497
Senger et al., 2006 and Sarropoulou et al.,
2007
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Genetic linkage map vs. RH map
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
RH group 20Genetic linkage group 1
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Comparative analysis
“one of the hopes is that through comparative
analysis knowledge about the genetic make-up of
non-model organisms can be gained without having
to construct a physical map”
K.C.Stemshorn, Q.W. Nolte & D.Tautz, J.Evol.Biol. 2005
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
An Aquaculture motivated Genetics & Comparative
Genomics project on the gilthead sea bream
Euteleostei
Ostariophysi
Atherinomorpha
Percomorpha
Tetraodontiformes
Cypriniformes
Siluriformes
Beloniformes
PerciformesSparus aurata
Gilthead sea bream
Danio rerio
zebrafish
Ictalurus punctatus
Channel catfish
Oryzias latipes
Medaka
Takifugu rubripes (Fugu)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
Modified after Wittbrodt et al., 2001
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Genome data
Sparus
aurata
Danio rerio Fugu
rubripes
Tetraodon
nigroviridis
Genome
(bp)
~1x109
~1,7x109
~4x108
~3,4x108
chromosomes
(n)
N=24
N=25
N=22
N=21
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Number of BLAST and BLAT matches of
Seabream sequences (n=794) mapped on the
RH map against Tetraodon, Fugu and Danio
Matches with BLAST search
e<10-4 , >50bp
BLAT search
score>80
Tetraodon 344 (43%) 301 (38%)
Fugu 478 (60%) 378 (47%)
Danio 243 (30%) 90 (11%)
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Latin name: Tetraodon nigroviridis
Common name: Pufferfish Order: Tetraodontiformes
Chromosome number: 21
Tetraodon nigroviridis belongs to the family of "smooth" pufferfish (Tetraodontidae)
and, at a higher systematic level, to the order Tetraodontiformes, which also includes
the diodons or "spiny" pufferfish (Diodontidae), sunfishes (Molidae), boxfishes
(Ostraciidae) and triggerfishes (Balistidae), among others. Tetraodon nigroviridis is
often confused with a closely-related species, Tetraodon fluviatilis.
Little fish (less than 10 centimeters
long in captivity) which is popular
with tropical fish fanciers.
In its natural state, it is found in
rivers and streams of Southeast
Asia (Indonesia, Indochina,
Malaysia, the Philippines), as well as
in estuaries and mangrove swamps,
and even occasionally in the sea; it is
therefore not strictly limited to
fresh water.
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Comparative mapping to Tetraodon
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
215Chr8
258Chr7
103Chr6
223Chr5
147Chr4
234Chr3
398Chr2
391Chr1
327Chr11
309Chr12
280Chr10
288Chr9
Marine GenomicsMarine GenomicsTetraodonTetraodon
34Chr20
93Chr19
198Chr18
202Chr17
156Chr16
247Chr15
224Chr14
256Chr13
2148Un_random
6806total
4761subtotal
178Chr21
Marine GenomicsMarine GenomicsTetraodonTetraodon
BLAT search of 31,705 EST sequences generated by Marine Genomics
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Comparison of
gene order between
Sparus aurata and
Tetraodon
nigroviridis
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Syntenic relationship of
RH group 18 with
Tetraodon chromosome 05
GM201
UNH 995 and
Sparus aurata
gonadal P450
aromatase
Sex determining Sex determining
region in tilapiaregion in tilapia
-- the homologue to linkage
group 1 in Tilapia
(Lee et al., 2003 and 2004)
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Syntenic relationship of
RH group 18 with
Tetraodon chromosome 05
GM201
UNH 995 and
Sparus aurata
gonadal P450
aromatase
Sex determining Sex determining
region in tilapiaregion in tilapia
-- the homologue to linkage
group 1 in Tilapia
(Lee et al., 2003 and 2004)
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Model fish speciesModel fish species
Three-spined Stickleback
Medaka
Species of Aquaculture interestSpecies of Aquaculture interest
Tilapia
Seabream
Sea bass
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Sparus aurata
Gasteroceus aculeatus
Astatotilapia burtoni
Oryzias latipes
Fundulus heteroclitus
Tetraodon nigroviridis
Takifugu rubripes
Danio rerio
Cyprinus carpio
Ictalurus punctatus
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Salmo salar
Homo sapiens
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
7 2
8 0
6 8
4 4
7 7
0 . 0 2
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
The three spine stickleback Gasterosteus
aculeatus is an important model in
evolutionary and ethologic studies. Its
utility would greatly be increased by the
availability of molecular markers
distinguishing individuals and populations.
Latin name: Gasterosteus aculeatus
Common name: three spine stickleback Order:Gasterosteiformes
Chromosome number: 21
It is a holarctic species of wide distribution
along the Pacific coast of North America,
from Bering Strait, Alaska to Arroyo El
Rosario, Baja California, Mexico, inhabiting
coastal marine waters, brackish waters and a
wide array of freshwater habitats.
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Latin name: Oryzias latipes
Common name: Medaka Order: Beloniformes
Chromosome number: 24
Medaka is a small (3–4 cm) egg-laying freshwater fish; its eggs are
fertilized and develop externally. Both the eggs and the embryos are
transparent. Medaka is very hardy and tolerates a wide range of salinities
and temperatures (10–40 °C); it is easy to breed and highly resistant to
common fish diseases.
Medaka (Oryzias latipes) has come to
be widely used as a laboratory animal
in various fields in biology, mainly in
developmental biology and genetics.
Its relatively short life cycle, capacity
to reproduce, and ease of breeding
are responsible for its popularity in
these fields.
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Marine Biotechnology , in press
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Comparative
Genomics via the
genome of model
fish species like
the three spine
stickleback and
tilapia
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
D. Labrax BAC end sequencingBAC end coverage of T. negroviridis genome
50
Size of Tetraodon Chromosomes(Mb)
0 5 10 15 20 25
Nu
mb
er
of
BA
C e
nd
s
hitin
g c
hro
mo
so
me
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
chr01
chr01R
chr02
chr02R
chr03
chr03R
chr04
chr05
chr06
chr07chr08chr09
chr10
chr11
chr12chr13
chr14
chr15
chr15R
chr16
chr17
chr18
chr19
chr20
chr21
chr21R
Y=84.4X
H Khul et al 25% end sequences mapped to Tetraodon genome (blastn e-5)
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
CTC/AAG-323CMTA170aMC202MC54OPP07-1.07OPP19-1.23
MC296
MG19CTA/AGC-105
MC127MC235
MC221MC209BMC148OPX11-1.01
MC53OPP08-0.64MC244OPY16-0.49OPK03-0.67CTA/AGG-186CAT/AAC-62OPO15-1.78MC331BCM11CM88AMG57MC27CMGA128
MC124
MC298
MC215
MC207B
0
23
20
29
40
44
54
57
60
71
79
85
91
95
AEST90B
CTA/ACGCTA/ACG--302302
MC365MC32
50
CMGA36BCMGA36B
MC373MC373
MC311
Npr1MC44
ACTG4-0.60CTC/AAG-136
CTA/AGG-200CAC/AAC-78CTA/AAC-62CAC/AAC-79
OPJ18-1.24
OPX11-0.59MC253Acs2CACG4-1.23CSAT425BCAC/AAC-119CAC/AAC-77
MC317
CM139
CMGA15
MC387OPG04-1.54MC217MC125
MC249
CAC/ACGCAC/ACG--139139
0
6
26
47
42
51
74
97
102
112
28
61
CMGA21
55
66
106
CTA/AGG-256CAC/AAC-52MC63MC259AEST239BMC255AMC234
MC146
Mlf 1
MC326CAC/AAG-264
MC388
OPL04-0.75Icl1MG23Mas1MC264
CAA/AGC-74CAT/AAG-66
MC375
MC331AMC277OPK03-2.02
MC20MC231
MC40MC118
0
24
16
30
35
55
58
69
76
83
95
101
CAT/AAC-150
MC16MC82
CAT/AACCAT/AAC--5555
MC291Acs1MC349CMGA104MG34BMC93
MC278MC265
CAC/AAGCAC/AAG--130130
5
12
40
47
OPR12OPR12--0.750.75
MC301
MC319MC68CAC/ACC-86
Aox2
CMTC13
MC356CM173
MC11A
MC11B
MC316MC78
Mdr1
CMACC146
MC208
CMAG59
CMAT141
AEST135A
MC138
AEST59
CAC/AAGCAC/AAG--5858
0
6
16
20
33
38
44
54
58
65
73
79
87
93
Aco-2
29
MC287MC233MC7
GATA4-0.71
MC33MC33
CAC/AACCAC/AAC--217217
CAG/AAC-236
CCT/AAC-173
MC4MC223OPM11-1.52CAT/AAC-141OPL04-1.30
CCT/AAC-176MC261A
MC256
CMAT35
GACA4-0.52
CAA/AGG-129
MC76
59
54
41
32
17
10
0
MC99B
36
22
CMTC928
MC247
CAA/AGG-98
OPW08OPW08--1.831.83
MC279
AEST144
CAA/AGC-214
CTC/AAG-68Msf 1
CTC/AAC-71CTC/AAG-115MC120
MG1
MC133B
AEST23AEST1BCAT/AAC-92MC85CM101A
CMCT505CAT/AAG-132CMCAA145OPQ17-1.25MC309MC210OPU01-1.36
0
23
17
36
46
53
61
72
78
94
MC134
MC216MC216
49
67 MC22A
Linkage g
roups N
OT ch
rom
osom
es!
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
Ordering a linkage group to a
chromosomeFISH technology
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
1 2 4 6 7 stages
1 2 4 6 7 stages
R2=
0.69
1
A
:
B
:
R2
=
0.6
4
Cluster 3Cluster 2
1 2 4 6 7 stages
1 2 4 6 7 stages
R2
=0.
68
2
R2
=0.
56
8
1 2 4 6 7 stages
- 2.0
- 1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0 cardiac troponin T isomere: AY005139.1
Muscle type creatine kinase AY034097.1
myosin heavy : AB039672.1
myosin light chain: AF150904.1 2
parvalbumin:AY035586.1
fast skeletal muscle troponin T: AF500272
tropomyosin: AB045645
troponin 1: NM_017185.1
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
OUTLOOKOUTLOOK
Immune
related genes
detection of Quantitative trait loci
marker assisted breeding for quantitative traits
1 2 4 6 7 stages
1 2 4 6 7 stages
detection of functional units
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
•Sparus aurata prolactin receptor
•Sparus aurata growth hormone receptor
•osteoclast-stimulating factor
•Sparus aurata growth hormone gene
•Sparus aurata prolactin (PRL)
•Sparus aurata osteocalcin gene,
HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH, Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Crete
THANK YOU!