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![Page 1: Real-Time Precise Point Positioning Utilising the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) LEX Corrections Suelynn Choy 1, Ken Harima 1, Shaocheng.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d995503460f94a84177/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Real-Time Precise Point Positioning Utilising the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) LEX Corrections
Suelynn Choy1, Ken Harima1, Shaocheng Zhang1, Yong Li2,
Yaka Wakabayashi3, Hiroaki Teteshita3, Satoshi Kogure3, and
Chris Rizos2
1School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, RMIT University, Australia2School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Australia3Satellite Navigation Office, Space Applications Mission Directorate I, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan
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Outline
• Overview of the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS)
• Introduction to the QZSS LEX signal
• CRCSI-JAXA Project
–Utilisation of LEX signal for Precise Point Positioning (PPP)
–Post-processed LEX-PPP experiment
–Real-time LEX-PPP experiment
• Future work
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 2
Note: LEX – L-band EXperimental
CRCSI – Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information
JAXA – Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
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Introduction to QZSS
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 3
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Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS)
The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) developed by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is a regional navigation satellite system, which uses a constellation of satellites placed in highly-inclined elliptical orbits. This is to ensure that one of the satellites is always visible near zenith over Japan, including in urban and mountainous areas whereby it is difficult to receive GNSS signals.
Multiple satellites on the quasi-zenith orbits ©JAXA Asymmetry orbit in the shape of a ‘figure 8’ ©JAXA
4RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa
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Overview of QZSS
• Functional Capability:– GNSS complementary
– Improve availability
– Improve accuracy
• Coverage: – East Asia and Oceania
• Signals:– L1C/A, L1C, L2C and L5 positioning
– L1-SAIF on 1575.42 MHz
– LEX on 1278.75MHz
• First QZSS Satellite ‘Michibiki’:– Launched in September 2010
• Future QZSS Satellites:– 2 HEO and 1 GEO
– End of March 2018
The first QZSS satellite ‘Michibiki’ ©JAXA
QZSS improves positioning accuracy ©JAXA
augmentation
5RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa
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Coverage Area (1 QZSS Satellite)
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 6
(JAXA, 2012)
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Coverage Area (3 QZSS Satellites)
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 7
(JAXA, 2012)
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Introduction to LEX Signal
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 8
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QZSS LEX Signal
• QZSS Signals:– GPS compatible signal for positioning : L1C/A, L1C, L2C and L5
– GPS augmentation: L1-SAIF and LEX
• LEX (L-band EXperimental) Signal:– For experimental purposes
– Frequency: 1278.75 MHz (similar to Galileo E6)
– Message rate: 2 Kbps
– For high accuracy (cm-level) positioning applications experiment, e.g. Precise Point Positioning (PPP)
9
Note: SAIF – Submetre-class Augmentation with Integrity Function
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa
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QZSS LEX Signal Specifications
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 10
Item Specification
Frequency 1278.75MHz (Galileo E6)
Bandwidth 42.0MHz
Signal Power -155.7dBW (Min)
Modulation Kasami-sequences, BPSK(5), short-code/long-code
Spreading Code
Short Period: 4ms, Length: 10,230 chips
Long Period: 410ms, Length: 1,048,575 chips
Navigation DataShort-code: 2000 bits/frame, 1 frame/sLong-code: data-less
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LEX Message Structure
11RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa
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Message Type Definition
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 12
Message Type Content Notes
0-9 Spare (System use)
10-19 10 Signal health (35 satellites)Ephemeris & SV clock (3 satellites)
For JAXA experiment
11 Signal health (35 satellites)Ephemeris & SV clock (2 satellites)Ionospheric correction
12~19 Spare
20 For experiment by GSI
21~155 For experiment For experimental users except JAXA and GSI and users of application demonstration in private sector
156-255 For application demonstration in private sector
For experimental users of application demonstration in private sector by means of performance enhancement signal
Note: JAXA – Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency GSI – Geographical Survey Institute of Japan
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JAXA-LEX Message Interval (Nominal)
Message Data Broadcast Update Effective Period
Signal health 1 second 1 second -
Ephemeris 12 seconds 3 minutes 6 minutes
SV clock 12 seconds 3 minutes 6 minutes
Ionospheric correction 12 seconds 30 minutes -
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 13
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Joint CRCSI-JAXA LEX Project
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 14
Note: CRCSI – Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information
JAXA – Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
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Australian Government Positioning Policy
• In 2012, the Australian Government developed a National Satellite Utilisation Policy (Australia’s first ever space policy)
– National Earth Observation from Space Strategic Infrastructure Plan
– National Positioning Infrastructure (NPI) Plan
• In April 2013, the policy was launched and released
– providing certainty and strategic direction for Australian users of satellite technology
• Australian NPI Vision
Instantaneous, reliable and fit-for-purpose positioning and timing services anywhere, anytime across the Australian landscape and its maritime jurisdictions
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 15
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Australian GNSS CORS Infrastructure
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 16
(Hausler, 2013)
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Motivation: CRCSI – JAXA LEX Project
• Aim:– Evaluate the feasibility of using the QZSS LEX signal
– to provide a high accuracy real-time positioning service to GNSS users in Australia
– in support of the Australian National Positioning Infrastructure (NPI) plan
• Uniqueness:– Opportunity to experiment with QZSS LEX signal
– Better acquisition and coverage of the augmentation information– nationwide high accuracy positioning
– Robust and effective data transmission capacity– e.g. lower bandwidth than the current NRTK
– Reduced reliance on local CORS infrastructure – not constrained by baseline length and CORS coverage
– An alternative data communication infrastructure– not restricted by land-based communication technologies e.g. 3G mobile coverage
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Evaluation of LEX Messages
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 18
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Quality of JAXA-LEX GPS Orbits and Clocks (Regional)
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 19
One week: 1 to 7 January 2013
Site: Alice Spring (IGS – ALIC)
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RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 20
23 Australian GNSS Stations; 1 January 2013; 30s
Distribution of Test Sites in Australia
Longitude
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RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 21
Po
sit
ion
Err
or
(m)
JAXA-LEX PPP Position Errors (Post-processed)
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Real-time LEX PPP Experiment
• First LEX field experiment in Australia
– RMIT, Melbourne
• 8 – 10 March 2013
• LEX Message Type 10 and 11
– GPS-only
• Series of static and kinematic PPP tests
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 22
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RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 23
Availability of LEX Message
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Quality of the JAXA-LEX Orbits and Clocks (Bundoora)
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 24
RMS X/Y/Z/CLK: 37.4, 33.3, 35.0 cm / 2.3 ns
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Kinematic LEX-PPP Real-Time
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 25
JAVAD Delta, 08/03/2013 – 09/03/2013, 1 Hz, LEX MT 10 and 11
East
North
Up
RMS E/N/U: 44.1, 35.1, 71.7 cm
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Static LEX-PPP Real-Time
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 26
JAVAD Delta, 09/03/2013 –10/03/2013, 1 Hz, LEX MT 10 and 11
East
North
Up
RMS E/N/U: 23.9, 7.4, 11.1 cm
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Static IGS-PPP Real-Time
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 27
JAVAD Delta, 09/03/2013 – 10/03/2013, 1 Hz, products.igs-ip.net:2101(mountpoint:CLK11)
East
North
Up
RMS E/N/U: 3.5, 2.4, 5.4 cm
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On-going Work
• Evaluation of the “new” Message Type 12
– Since April 2013, JAXA has started to transmit MADOCA products
– RTCM SSR format
• Evaluation of the IGS real-time service products and the Australian regional products
• Development of an “Australian LEX”
– Correction messages and “packaging”
– Processing algorithm and software
– LEX receivers
Note: MADOCA – Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration tool for Orbit-and-Clock Analysis
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 28
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Acknowledgements
• RMIT University, Australia
• University of New South Wales, Australia
• Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria, Australia
• Land and Property Information, New South Wales, Australia
• Geoscience Australia, Australia
• Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Japan
• Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information, Australia
RMIT University PPP Workshop 2013, Ottawa 29
Thank you!