Readiness Plan for Implementation of Intended Nationally...
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Readiness Plan for Implementation of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) 2017 - 2019
Transcript of Readiness Plan for Implementation of Intended Nationally...
Readiness Plan for Implementation of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs)
2017 - 2019
ii
Readiness Plan for Implementation of Intended Nationally
Determined Contributions (INDCs) 2017-2019
Published by Climate Change Secretariat
Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment
Year of Publication 2016
Copyright 2016, Climate Change Secretariat,
Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment
All rights reserved
ISBN 978-955-8395-07-3
Advisors
Mr. Udaya R. Seneviratne, Secretary, Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment
Mr. M. G. W. M. W. T. B. Dissanayake, Addl.Secretary (Environment & Policy), MMD&E
Dr. R. D. S. Jayathunga, Director, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. H. N. K. T. Dulani, Assistant Director, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Expert contribution
Mr. M. G. W. M. Kapila Gunarathne, Senior Consultant, Preparation of Intended Nationally Determined
Contribution (INDC) to the 2015 Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) Project
Mr. U. S. C. Udagedara, Junior Consultant, Preparation of Intended Nationally Determined Contribution
(INDC) to the 2015 Agreement under the UNFCCC Project
Dr. Thusitha Sugathapala, Transport Sector Expert, Senior Lecturer, University of Moratuwa
Eng. Gamini Senanayake, Mitigation Expert
Planning and Monitoring committee consisting of officials of the central government, Provincial Councils,
scientists, presided by the Secretary to the relevant Ministry of 14 sectors, Advisory Board consisting of the
Minister in charge and Ministers in charge of the Provincial Councils of 14 sectors, private sector, civil societies
and academia
Coordination
Ms. S. I. Rajapakse, Environmental Management Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Sector coordination
Ms. H.N.K.T. Dulani Assistant Director, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. S. I. Rajapakse, Environmental Management Officer, Climate Change Secretariat
Mr. Ranjith Rajapakshe, Environment Management Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Nilmini Ranasinghe, Environment Management Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Shyamali Priyanthi, Environmental Management Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Ambika Tennakon, Environmental Management Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Hasula Wickramasinghe, Programme Assistant, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Methmali Rajaguru, Programme Assistant, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Mr. Dasun Hewapathirana, Development Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Darshika Pathirathne, Development Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Ms. Prabashi Samaraweera, Development Officer, Climate Change Secretariat, MMD&E
Reviewed by
Ms. Voshitha Wijenayake, Executive Director, SLYCAN Trust
Layout and print
Deepani Printers & Publishers (Pvt) Ltd.
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The Message of His Excellency the President
Paris Agreement is one of the key international agreements relating
to climate change that the world community consented to under the
United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change
(UNFCCC). This will lead to landmark decisions and actions at
both national and international level to address the adverse impacts
of climate change, and Sri Lanka is privileged to be a party to this
important agreement.
Being a party to the UNFCCC Sri Lanka holds a mandate to take appropriate actions to
achieve objectives of the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement. The Agreement contains
provisions to hold countries accountable to their commitments and mobilise greater
investments to assist developing countries in building low-carbon, climate-resilient
economies.
As a developing country and an island nation, Sri Lanka is particularly vulnerable to adverse
impacts of climate change such as rise of temperature, variability of rainfall and extreme
weather conditions that would be harmful for Sri Lanka’s natural resources, economic growth
and well-being of the people. Building resilience over these adversities is crucial for Sri
Lanka and, hence, adaptation, methodologies to avert loss and damage have also been
included in Sri Lanka’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in addition
to the mitigation targets.
We, in Sri Lanka, are willing to contribute to minimise the adverse impacts of climate change
although our contribution to global warming through greenhouse gas emissions is negligible.
With the “SRI LANKA NEXT- A BLUE GREEN ERA” programme launched in January
this year, Sri Lanka has demonstrated its commitment to adopt climate smart strategies and
ensure low carbon development pathways. Furthermore, the government of Sri Lanka has
committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including those to
eliminate poverty and ensure food security, while promoting sustainable agriculture and
protecting the environment.
We are confident that we will be able to complete what we have planned for the upcoming
years, and sincerely hope that the objectives of the Paris Agreement in mitigating global
warming and building resilience are achieved in collaboration with all nations because we
believe that the existence of the mother earth will heavily depend on fulfilment of global
commitments.
Maithripala Sirisena
President of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
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The Message of Honourable Deputy Minister
Climate change which is the ultimate outcome of global warming is
now universally recognized as one of the fundamental human
development challenges of the 21st century. Anthropogenic activities,
such as fossil fuel burning and land use change contribute to
greenhouse gas emissions that have increased significantly since the
pre-industrial era. Greenhouse gas emission is identified as the root
cause of global warming and ultimately climate change.
Global warming is expected to lead to a rise in sea level, higher temperatures, more frequent
and prolonged droughts, high intensity rainfalls and increased thunder activity. These
anticipated changes present a significant threat to the coastal areas, the different sectors of the
national economy and human health. Therefore, it is evident that Sri Lankan economy,
society and environment will be heavily affected by the adverse impacts of climate change.
To avoid catastrophic impacts in the future, the parties to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have adopted a goal of limiting global warming
and governments have determined what effort they should make to reduce emissions and
address climate change. Countries are already planning to implement these commitments
after 2020. Their attention is now drawn to convert their commitments to implementation
plans for the post-2020 period, according to the pledges made through Intended Nationally
Determined Contributions (INDCs).
Sri Lanka was among the 178 countries that signed the Paris Agreement on 22nd April 2016 at
the High Level Signature Ceremony of the Paris Agreement held at the United Nations
Headquarters in New York. This high-level signature ceremony was the culmination of
negotiations held amongst member states that agreed on the landmark climate deal during the
21st Conference of Parties (COP21) to the UNFCCC held in Paris in December 2015.
With this effort of preparing an action plan, I believe that Sri Lanka has taken one more step
forward in ratification of the Paris Agreement. Preparation of this document which includes
our strategic policies and readiness to implement INDCs is a significant outcome in Sri
Lanka’s efforts to deal with adverse impacts of climate change. I wish to extend my sincere
appreciation to all those who contributed to its preparation.
Anuradha Jayarathne M.P.
Deputy Minister of Mahaweli Development and Environment
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Foreword
Sri Lanka has been a party to the United Nations Framework
Convention for Climate Change (UNFCCC) since 1993 and to the
Kyoto Protocol since 2002. The Paris Agreement, which is the latest
agreement under the UNFCCC, The objective of which is to mitigate
the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 degrees
centigrade above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 degrees centigrade above pre-industrial
levels while increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change, foster
climate resilience and reduce development of greenhouse gas emissions in a manner that does
not threaten food production.
Prior to the Paris Agreement, at the 19th Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC, a
decision on Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) was adopted. By that
decision all Parties to the UNFCCC were invited to initiate or intensify domestic preparations
for their INDCs and to communicate them before the 21st session of the COP in December
2015. Accordingly, Sri Lanka submitted its INDCs in October 2015 and resubmitted in April
2016. Sri Lanka’s INDCs include five mitigation sectors such as energy, industry, transport,
waste and forestry and eight adaptation sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and livestock,
health, water and irrigation, coastal and marine, bio-diversity, tourism and recreation and
urban, city planning and human settlement.
As the focal point to UNFCCC, the Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment has
forwarded and obtained the approval of the Cabinet of Ministers for the Cabinet
Memorandum on Agreement on Global Climate Change and National Strategic Accord
(National Contribution towards Minimising Global Temperature) on 16th of March 2016.
After ratification, our INDCs will come into force as NDCs under the Paris Agreement.
It is recommended in the above mentioned Cabinet Memorandum that strategic policies and
implementation plans for each sector of INDCs be prepared through a Planning and
Monitoring committee consisting of officials of the central government, Provincial Councils,
scientists/technologists in universities and research institutions who are specialists in relevant
fields presided by the Secretary to the relevant Ministry. This needs to be recommended by
an Advisory Board consisting of the Minister in charge and Ministers in charge of the
Provincial Councils. We are now launching these strategic policies and action plans for each
sector.
I wish to take this opportunity to extend my sincere gratitude to all the ministers and
secretaries of the relevant Ministries for preparing the strategic policies and action plans. My
appreciation also extends to all the experts who worked hard for the success of these policies
and plans.
Udaya R. Seneviratne
Secretary, Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
AirMAC - Air Resource Management Centre
BAU - Business-As-Usual
BDS - Biodiversity Secretariat
BOI - Board of Investment Sri Lanka
CAA - Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka
CASL - Clean Air Sri Lanka
CBOs - Community Based Organisations
CC&CRMD - Coast Conservation and Coastal Resource Management
Department
CCC - Ceylon Chamber of Commerce
CCF - Central Cultural Fund
CCS - Climate Change Secretariat
CEA - Central Environmental Authority
CEB - Ceylon Electricity Board
Chief Secs - Chief Secretaries (all provinces)
CMA - Condominium Management Authority
COP - Conference of the Parties
CO2eq - Carbon dioxide equivalent
CRI - Coconut Research Institute
DAD - Department of Agrarian Development
DAPH - Department of Animal Production and Health
DFAR - Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
DM - Department of Meteorology
DMC - Disaster Management Centre
DMT - Department of Motor Traffic
DOA - Department of Agriculture
DoI - Department of Irrigation
DOM - Department of Meteorology
DSD - Divisional Secretariat Division
DSM - Demand Side Management
DWLC - Department of Wildlife Conservation
EDB - Export Development Board
EP&E - Environmental Planning and Economics Division
EST - Environmentally Sustainable Transport
EW - Early Warning
FCCISL - Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Sri
Lanka
FD - Forest Department
FOs - Farmer Organisations
GDP - Gross Domestic Product
Gg - Giga Gram
GHG - Greenhouse Gas
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GNDs - Grama Niladari Divisions
GPS - Global Positioning System
GSMB - Geological Survey and Mines Bureau
GWh - Gigawatt Hour
ICT - Information and Communication Technologies
IDB - Industrial Development Board
IMD - Irrigation Management Division
INDCs - Intended Nationally Determined Contributions
IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
ITI - Industrial Technology Institute
KPIs - Key Performance Indicators
LAs - Local Authorities
LECO - Lanka Electricity Company
LNG - Liquefied Natural Gas
LPG - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
LUPPD - Land Use Policy Planning Department
MASL - Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka
MBI - Market Based Instruments
MDM - Ministry of Disaster Management -
MEPA - Marine Environment Protection Authority
MH&C - Ministry of Housing and Construction
MI&WRM - Ministry of Irrigation and Water Resources Management
MIC - Ministry of Industry and Commerce
MJ - Megajoule
MMD&E - Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment
MMP&WD - Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development
MOA - Ministry of Agriculture
MoF - Ministry of Finance
MoH - Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine
MoHE&H - Ministry of Higher Education & Highways
MoM&WD - Ministry of Megapolis & Western Development
MOPI - Ministry of Plantation Industries
MoPPED - Ministry of Policy Planning and Economic Development
MoP&RE - Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy
MoT&CA - Ministry of Transport & Civil Aviation
MPC&LG - Ministry of Provincial Councils& Local Government
MREA - Ministry of Rural Economic Affairs
MRV - Monitoring, Reporting and Verification
MTDCRA - Ministry of Tourism Development and Christian Religious
Affairs
MUSSD - Dept. of Measurement Units, Standards & Services
MVE - Ministry of Vocational Education
MW - Mega Watt
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MWS&D - Ministry of Water Supply and Drainage
NAMA - Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions
NAQDA - National Aquaculture Development Authority of Sri Lanka
NARA - National Aquatic Resources Research and Development
Authority
DoNBG - Department of National Botanic Gardens
NBRO - National Building Research Organisation
NCC - National Chamber of Commerce
NCPC - National Cleaner Production Centre
NCRE - Non-Conventional Renewable Energy
NCWSD - National Community Water Supply Department
NDRSC - National Disaster Relief Services Centre
NERDC - National Engineering Research and Development Centre
NGOs - Non Governmental Organizations
NHDA - National Housing Development Authority
NIPO - National Intellectual Property Office of Sri Lanka
NLDB - National Livestock Development Board
NMT - Non-motorized transport
NPD - Department of National Planning
NRMC - Natural Resource Management Centre
NTC - National Transport Commission
NWS&DB - National Water Supply and Drainage Board
DoNZG - Department of National Zoological Gardens
OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PC - Provincial Council
PDAPH - Provincial Department of Animal Production and Health
PDOA - Provincial Department of Agriculture
PIDD - Provincial Irrigation Department
PMU - Project Management Unit
PRDS - Petroleum Resources Development Secretariat
QUELROs - Quantified Emissions Limitation and Reduction Objectives
RDA - Road Development Authority
RRI - Rubber Research Institute
M/SD&WL - Ministry of Sustainable Development and Wildlife
SEA - Sustainable Energy Authority
SLILG - Sri Lanka Institute Local Government
SLPA - Sri Lanka Ports Authority
SLITA - Sri Lanka Institute of Textile and Apparel
SLLRDC - Sri Lanka Land Reclamation and Development Corporation
SLSEA - Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority
SLSI - Sri Lanka Standard Institute
SLTDA - Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority
SLTPB - Sri Lanka Promotion Bureau
TDM - Transport Demand Management
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TRI - Tea Research Institute
UDA - Urban Development Authority
UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNREDD - United Nations Reduce Emission from Deforestation and
Forest Degradation
USDA - Urban Settlement Development Authority
UTMP - Urban Transport Master Plan
WRB - Water Resource Board
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Table of Contents
Page No.
The Message of His Excellency the President iii
The Message of Honourable Deputy Minister v
Foreword vii
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ix
Table of Contents xiii
Introduction 1
INDCs of Sri Lanka 1
Readiness Phase 2
Process for Developing the Readiness Plan for
Implementing the INDCs of Sri Lanka 3
INDCs Readiness Plan by Sectors 4
Mitigation 4
Energy Sector 5
Transport Sector 17
Industry Sector 31
Forestry Sector 51
Waste Management Sector 61
Adaptation 73
Health Sector 75
Food Security 84
Agriculture Sector 85
Livestock Sector 95
Fisheries Sector 103
Water Sector 115
Irrigation Sector 129
Coastal Sector 141
Biodiversity Sector 145
Urban, City Planning and Human Settlements Sector 159
Tourism and Recreational Sector 171
Loss and Damage 187
Means of Implementation 197
Implementation Mechanism 198
Introduction
The Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by its decision 1/CP.19 under the Ad Hoc Working Group on Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP), invited all Parties to initiate or intensify domestic preparations for their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2, without prejudice to the legal nature of the contributions, under the Convention applicable to all Parties. The COP, by its decision 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20, invited all Parties to communicate to the UNFCCC secretariat their INDCs well in advance of COP 21 (by the first quarter of 2015 by those Parties ready to do so) in a manner that facilitates the clarity, transparency and understanding of the INDC. In decision 1/CP.20, the COP also invited all Parties to consider communicating their undertakings in adaptation planning or consider including an adaptation component in their INDCs. Decision 1/CP.20 further specified that in order to facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding, the information to be provided by Parties communicating their INDCs may include, as appropriate, inter alia, quantifiable information on the reference point (including, as appropriate, a base year), time frames and/or periods for implementation, scope and coverage, planning processes, assumptions and methodological approaches including those for estimating and accounting for anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and, as appropriate, removals, and how the Party considers that its intended nationally determined contribution is fair and ambitious, in light of its national circumstances, and how it contributes towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2.
Sri Lanka, through the Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment in Sri Lanka as the National Focal Point to the UNFCCC, submitted its INDCs in accordance with the decisions 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20 as a support for achieving the set objectives of the Paris Agreement.
INDCs of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka’s INDCs consists of INDCs on mitigation, adaptation, loss and damage, and means of implementation. It focuses on 14 sectors and consists of unconditional as well as conditional INDCs. The base line year is set as 2010 as per Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario, target period 2021-2030.
Mitigation - Reducing the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions against the Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenarios in the sectors of energy (electricity generation), transportation, industry, waste and forestry. The key contributors to GHG are Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O).
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Adaptation - Building resilience in most vulnerable communities, sectors and areas to adverse effects of climate change. Adaptation will focus on human health, food security (agriculture, livestock and fisheries), water and irrigation, coastal and marine, biodiversity, urban infrastructure and human settlement, tourism and recreation. Adaptation initiatives that derive mitigation co-benefits will be given due priority.
Loss and Damage - In order to address issues related to losses and damages occurred due to extreme weather events, a local mechanism will be developed in accordance with the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage.
Means of Implementation - External support for finance, technology development and transfer, and capacity building for the above sectors are considered in the implementation process of the INDCs of Sri Lanka.
Readiness Phase
The readiness phase will extend till 2020 for the implementing of the INDCs allowing the country to prepare for the full-scale implementation of chosen INDCs. A host of groundwork and preparations need to be carried out to ensure successful implementation of INDCs to achieve the set GHG emission reduction targets by 2030.
Elements of focus for the readiness phase include;
1. Policy support: Formulating an overarching national policy supporting or guiding INDCs. 2. Identifying INDCs: This allows for identifying additional INDCs that will be suggested,
without restricting contributions only to previously suggested INDCs as sub actions. 3. External assistance: Identifying financial and technical assistance that need to be
received in order to implement the conditional INDCs, which will not be implemented through national support.
4. Baseline setting: It is important to identify baseline conditions of GHG emission for each INDC by taking 2010 as the base year. This task needs to be accomplished in the preparation phase for effective implementation of the INDCs.
5. Scenario setting: Once the baseline conditions for INDCs are established, it is necessary to forecast GHG emissions under Business as Usual (BAU) scenario for milestone years like 2020, 2030 and 2050.
6. GHG emission reduction targets: Establishing SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time bound) GHG mitigation targets for identified INDCs from 2020 to 2030 in two stages in 5 year cycles.
7. Timeline: The above will be accompanied by very precise implementation timelines, which are realistic and they should be in par with the country’s development agenda. Identified INDCs will be fully integrated with the sectoral development plans without being treated as stand-alone or as isolated initiatives.
8. Funding: Funds required for the implementation of each INDC (including sub sectoral INDCs if any) needs to be estimated. Once the time required for the implementation is calculated and the investments are estimated, yearly breakdown will be indicated to
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reflect funding requirements in the national budget for the unconditional INDCs, while for the conditional, international support will be sought and utilized. In order to achieve this, it is important to identify INDCs which could be implemented with the existing national capacity (utilizing national resources and knowledge) or those that require external funding support.
9. Executing agency: A specific agency for the implementation of the INDCs will be set up, while respective ministries for sectoral INDCs will take responsibility for the implementation of the INDCs which comes within the mandate of relevant ministries. Each agency will need a sound mechanism for the implementation of INDCs with an effective monitoring, evaluation and compliance system.
10. KPIs: Each INDC needs a SMART output based on Key Performance Indicators (KPI) to track the progress of its key activities. These KPIs should not be GHG emission reduction targets but the achievements and milestones of activities contributing to the realization of GHG emission reduction targets.
11. MRV: Identifying an internationally acceptable and nationally executable monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) system to track the GHG emission reduction targets of each INDC. This could be through an existing mechanism set up for MRV of climate change related projects and activities.
12. Aggregation: Respective Ministries shall monitor the progress of GHG emission reduction of each INDC at Ministry level using the MRV system described under step 11.
13. INDCs of all sectors will be aggregated for reporting at the national as well as international level. The Climate Change Secretariat or the proposed Climate Change Commission of the Ministry in charge of the subject of Environment will be tasked to achieve this.
Process for Developing the Readiness Plan for Implementing the INDCs of Sri Lanka
The Readiness Plan for the implementation of INDCs of Sri Lanka has been developed in consultation with relevant line Ministries that cover the identified 14 sectors including loss and damage in the INDCs of Sri Lanka, submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat. The relevant Ministries have provided information and recommendations on the implementation of the INDCs, the need for improvements in human and technical capacity, as well as financial and technical support to implement the INDCs by 2020. The information has been gathered through consultations led by the identified ministries, and the preparation of the readiness plan has been based on the data and recommendations provided through these consultations.
This document is open for future edits as needed in order to facilitate the implementation process of the INDCs, based on the availability of updated data for sectors, subject to not violating any policies and regulations that reflect the objectives set for achieving the targets set upon signing the Paris Agreement.
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INDC Readiness Plan by Sectors
Mitigation
Global greenhouse gas emissions have grown since pre-industrial times, with an increase of 70% between 1970 and 2004. With current climate change mitigation policies and related sustainable development practices, these emissions will continue to grow over the next few decades. A wide variety of policies and instruments are available to governments to create the incentives for mitigation action. Mitigation is essential to meet the UNFCCC's objective of stabilizing GHG concentrations in the atmosphere. The UNFCCC requires all Parties, taking into account their responsibilities and capabilities, to formulate and implement programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change.
Mitigation actions could be economy-wide, cover several or single sectors, such as energy supply and demand, transport, buildings, industry, agriculture, forestry and waste management. Sri Lanka being a developing country, anticipates achieving the development objectives while moving in a low carbon development pathway. Mainly, five sectors have been identified under mitigation through reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions.
These are: Energy (electricity generation) Transport Industry Forests Waste
Possible emission reduction actions have been identified in each sector, which are to be implemented during the period of 2020 to 2030. INDCs for mitigation intends to reduce the GHG emissions against BAU scenario by 20% in energy sector (4% unconditionally and 16% conditionally) and by 10% in other sectors (transport, industry, forests and waste) by 3% unconditionally and 7% conditionally by 2030.
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Energy Sector
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Introduction Sri Lanka has realized almost 100% electrification through the national grid and the current total installed power generation capacity of the country is 3,888 MW, consisting of 900 MW of coal power, 1,128 MW of oil burning thermal power and 1,860 MW of renewable energy - 1377 MW of large hydro, 328 MW of small hydro, 128 MW of wind, 25 MW of biomass and 1.36 MW of solar power. Out of the total annual electricity generation for the national grid, more than 50% is met using these renewable energy sources. In addition to that, solar rooftop systems operated under net-metering scheme contribute to a capacity of 28 MW.
The annual total electricity demand is about 13,227 GWh, comprising of 37% from domestic consumers, 29% from industries and 24% from commercial enterprises, and the rest representing energy supply needed for religious organizations and street lighting. The overall annual demand for electricity is expected to increase in average by 4%, and future electricity generation expansion programmes are expected to meet this demand growth.
1. Addition of Sustainable Energy Sources in Future Generation Expansion
Sri Lanka is on the path to becoming an internationally recognized middle-income country. Under the country’s development drive, energy will be a key necessity, and developing energy towards a sustainable future will be of prime importance. As per the current economic trends, electricity generation using the most economical energy sources will be important for the country.
Sri Lanka is a country that holds many sources of renewable energy. In order to enhance the energy security of the country, reduce the economic burden on energy resource imports and as well as a way to move to environmentally friendly energy sources, attention has been given to utilise sustainable energy sources to their maximum potential in the future energy generation and its expansion.
2. INDCs of Energy Sector
As there has been an increasing trend in the use of petroleum based fuels - coal and liquid petroleum fuels in the energy sector, GHG emissions in the energy sector have been increasing. In that context, energy sector has been identified as one of the key sectors for GHG emission reduction in the future through the introduction of sustainable sources. Accordingly, 20% GHG emission reduction target has been included under the energy sector INDCs, which amounts to 39,383Gg, from the total GHG emissions of 196,915Gg for the period 2020-2030 as per the BAU scenario of the Long Term Generation Expansion Plan 2013-2032 published in October 2013. Out of this, 4% (9,173Gg) is unconditional reduction and 16% (30,210Gg) is conditional reduction.
Following are the different modes of intervention under INDCs that have been included under the submission of INDCs from Sri Lanka. INDC 1: Establishment of large scale wind power plants of 514 MW INDC 2: Establishment of 115 MW of solar power plants
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INDC 3: Establishment of 105 MW of biomass power plants INDC 4: Establishment of 176 MW of mini hydro power plants INDC 5: Introduction of Demand Side Management (DSM) activities INDC 6: Strengthening sustainable energy related policies, with a view to increasing
renewable energy share from the present 50%, to 60% in 2020 and maintaining that level until renewable energy technology is further developed.
INDC 7: Converting existing fuel oil based power plants to Liquefied Natural Gas-LNG (Newly proposed INDC)
3. Present Initiatives
Sri Lanka has recently taken strong initiatives for implementing effective and efficient sustainable energy programmes for the future. This includes the elimination of introducing coal power plants of a capacity in the range of 4700 MW to the national electricity system by 2030, primarily by way of introducing renewable energy sources and introducing LNG for thermal power generation in place of solid and liquid petroleum fuels.
Under the renewable energy sources, available hydro potentials will be absorbed within a few years’ time, and the country has high potentials of solar and wind resources, and those will contribute to a major share in the future renewable energy based power generation expansion.
Details of the current interventions in renewable energy are given below.
(a) Development of the maximum hydro potential in the country, through the remaining large hydro power plants (Uma Oya, Ginganga, Broadlands) and the remaining small hydro power plants - the overall potential of these is expected to be in the range of 500 MW.
(b) Wind parks: mainly in Mannar islands, which has been identified as one of the best potential sites in the South Asian region, and other potential sites which are in the northern part of the country will be developed. These are expected to contribute to a potential of around 300 MW.
(c) Promotion of solar has been initiated through different modalities, such as solar rooftops
and solar parks, and it will provide around 500 MW in the short term (in a few years’ time) which will be able to expand to a considerably high level by 2030.
(d) Biomass power generation to be added to a considerable extent.
In context of existing fuel oil based power plants, Sri Lanka has taken a decision to shift them to LNG, and 6 power plants with a cumulative capacity above 500 MW are expected to be shifted to LNG.
In addition to the interventions from the generation side, the Government has identified DSM also as one of the priority areas, and a Presidential Task Force has been appointed to implement an island wide DSM programme encompassing all the related sectors.
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Note In earlier documents, separate targets have been given for Non-Conventional Renewable Energy (NCRE), however, now NCRE and large hydro are commonly included as renewable energy and the targets are provided accordingly.
4. Strategic Policies
Some of the projects that have been earmarked have already started or are expected to be implemented. However, in order to ensure full-fledged implementation within the period from 2020 to 2030 and to assess the GHG emissions at each milestone, implementation of a readiness action plan primarily focusing on the strategic policies mentioned below is expected within the period 2017-2019. (a) Establishment of a sound policy framework supporting large scale renewable energy
development
(b) Strengthening institutional capacity for easy implementation of sustainable energy programmes
(c) Identification of financial requirements and opening up of funding avenues (d) Technology need assessment and building up capacity in line with the technological
advancements at the international level
(e) Introduction of capacities and methodologies to carry out overall economic analysis of sustainable energy technologies, incorporating environmental benefits and other costs/benefits so far unaccounted for under the conventional techno-economic analyses of projects
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EB, L
As
Iden
tifie
d si
tes
4
Intro
duce
tec
hnol
ogic
al i
nter
vent
ions
to
addr
ess
grid
int
er c
onne
ctio
n is
sues
. C
EB, S
EA
Grid
inte
rcon
nect
ion
capa
city
repo
rt
5 Id
entif
icat
ion
of th
e ad
equa
cy o
f po
licie
s an
d re
gula
tions
for
larg
e sc
ale
win
d po
wer
pla
nts.
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
A
vaila
bilit
y of
upd
ated
ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s
6 Id
entif
icat
ion
of e
xist
ing
gaps
in p
olic
ies t
hrou
gh st
akeh
olde
r con
sulta
tion
N
umbe
r of p
olic
ies
revi
ewed
and
gap
s id
entif
ied
7 St
udy
and
prop
ose
solu
tions
/mec
hani
sms t
o fil
l the
abo
ve g
aps
Fi
lled
the
gaps
8 C
alcu
late
em
issi
on r
educ
tion
thro
ugh
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
win
d po
wer
pl
ants
. M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Emis
sion
redu
ctio
n pr
ojec
tion
repo
rt
9 D
evel
op t
he r
equi
red
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
for
lar
ge s
cale
win
d po
wer
de
velo
pmen
t. M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ity
Dev
elop
ed
10
Inco
rpor
ate
exte
rnal
ities
in e
cono
mic
ana
lysi
s of
intro
duci
ng w
ind
pow
er
plan
ts
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Pr
epar
ed re
port
11
Find
out
ave
nues
to o
pen
up th
e cl
imat
e fin
anci
ng m
echa
nism
for
win
d po
wer
gen
erat
ion
MoP
&R
E, S
EA
Num
ber o
f fun
ding
so
urce
s acc
esse
d
12
Prep
are
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
pla
n to
impl
emen
t IN
DC
No.
1
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Pr
epar
ed p
lan
10
Ene
rgy
Sect
or IN
DC
s-2
2. E
stab
lishm
ent o
f 115
MW
of s
olar
pow
er p
lant
s
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 R
evie
w t
he p
erfo
rman
ce o
f ex
istin
g so
lar
pow
er p
lant
s (in
clud
ing
net-
met
erin
g) a
s per
ava
ilabl
e da
ta.
SEA
A
sses
smen
t rep
ort
2 C
arry
out
stu
dies
on
fluct
uatio
n of
sol
ar e
nerg
y an
d te
chno
logi
cal
inte
rven
tions
to a
ddre
ss fl
uctu
atio
n is
sues
. SE
A
Rep
ort p
repa
red
on th
e st
udie
s con
duct
ed
3 Id
entif
y to
p po
tent
ial s
ites
and
suita
ble
mec
hani
sms
for
intro
duci
ng s
olar
ro
of to
ps in
the
coun
try.
SEA
, LA
s N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
si
tes
4 In
trodu
ce t
echn
olog
ical
int
erve
ntio
ns t
o ad
dres
s gr
id i
nter
conn
ectio
n is
sues
. C
EB, S
EA
Grid
inte
rcon
nect
ion
capa
city
repo
rt
5 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy
of
polic
ies
and
regu
latio
ns
for
appr
opria
te
mod
aliti
es o
f sol
ar p
ower
gen
erat
ion.
M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Ava
ilabi
lity
of u
pdat
ed
adeq
uacy
of p
olic
ies
6 Id
entif
y ex
istin
g po
licy
gaps
thro
ugh
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Num
ber o
f pol
icie
s re
view
ed a
nd id
entif
ied
gaps
7 St
udy
and
prop
ose
solu
tions
/mec
hani
sms t
o fil
l the
abo
ve g
aps
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Fi
lled
gaps
8 C
alcu
late
em
issi
on r
educ
tion
thro
ugh
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
sol
ar p
ower
pl
ants
. M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Emis
sion
redu
ctio
n pr
ojec
tion
repo
rt
9 D
evel
op re
quire
d in
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
for s
olar
pow
er d
evel
opm
ent.
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
In
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
de
velo
ped
10
Inco
rpor
ate
exte
rnal
ities
in e
cono
mic
ana
lysi
s of
intro
duci
ng s
olar
pow
er
plan
ts
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Pr
epar
ed re
port
on th
e in
corp
orat
ion
of
exte
rnal
ities
11
Find
out
ave
nues
to
open
up
clim
ate
finan
cing
mec
hani
sms
for
sola
r po
wer
gen
erat
ion
MoP
&R
E, S
EA
Num
ber o
f fun
ding
m
echa
nism
s ide
ntifi
ed
12
Prep
are
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
pla
n to
impl
emen
t IN
DC
No.
2
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Pr
epar
ed a
pla
n
11
Ene
rgy
Sect
or IN
DC
s-3
3. E
stab
lishm
ent o
f 105
MW
of b
iom
ass p
ower
pla
nts
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 R
evie
w t
he a
vaila
bilit
y of
bio
mas
s to
mee
t ta
rget
ed
pow
er g
ener
atio
n (1
05M
W)
SEA
B
iom
ass a
vaila
bilit
y re
port
2 C
olle
ct in
form
atio
n re
late
d to
bi
omas
s (e
spec
ially
fro
m p
revi
ous
stud
ies
and
pilo
t pro
ject
s)
SEA
R
epor
t
3 Id
entif
y to
p po
tent
ial
site
s an
d su
itabl
e m
echa
nism
s to
est
ablis
h th
e bi
omas
s sup
ply
chai
n.
SEA
, LA
s Id
entif
ied
site
s
4 St
udy
and
ide
ntify
mod
ern
biom
ass
ener
gy t
echn
olog
y fo
r po
wer
ge
nera
tion
SEA
Id
entif
ied
mod
ern
tech
nolo
gies
5 Id
entif
y co
-firi
ng a
nd c
o-ge
nera
tion
poss
ibili
ties u
sing
bio
mas
s SE
A
Com
plet
ed fe
asib
ility
st
udy
6 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f po
licie
s fo
r pr
omot
ing
biom
ass
base
d po
wer
ge
nera
tion.
M
oP&
RE,
SEA
Po
licy
anal
ysis
7 Id
entif
y ex
istin
g ga
ps in
pol
icy
thro
ugh
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Num
ber o
f pol
icie
s re
view
ed a
nd g
aps
iden
tifie
d
8 St
udy
and
prop
ose
solu
tions
/mec
hani
sms t
o fil
l the
abo
ve g
aps
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Fi
lled
gaps
9 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e fin
anci
al
sour
ces
(ext
erna
l an
d lo
cal)
to
esta
blis
h bi
omas
s pow
er p
lant
s. M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, M
oF
Ava
ilabi
lity
of fu
ndin
g so
urce
s
10
Bui
ld a
n en
ablin
g en
viro
nmen
t for
com
mer
cial
inve
stm
ent f
or fu
el w
ood
supp
liers
, gro
wer
s an
d ot
her r
elev
ant s
take
hold
ers
M
oP&
RE,
M
oPI,
SEA
Es
tabl
ishe
d en
ablin
g en
viro
nmen
t
11
Cal
cula
te e
mis
sion
red
uctio
n th
roug
h th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of b
iom
ass
pow
er p
lant
s. M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Emis
sion
redu
ctio
n pr
ojec
tion
repo
rt
12
Inco
rpor
ate
exte
rnal
ities
in
econ
omic
ana
lysi
s of
int
rodu
cing
bio
mas
s po
wer
pla
nts
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Pr
epar
ed re
port
on
exte
rnal
ities
in e
cono
mic
an
alys
is
13
Prep
are
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
pla
n to
impl
emen
t IN
DC
No.
3
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
Pr
epar
ed p
lan
12
Ene
rgy
Sect
or IN
DC
s-4
4. E
stab
lishm
ent o
f 176
MW
of m
ini h
ydro
pow
er p
lant
s A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Rev
iew
the
perf
orm
ance
of e
xist
ing
min
i hyd
ro p
ower
pla
nts
acco
rdin
g to
th
e be
st a
vaila
ble
data
. SE
A
Ass
essm
ent r
epor
t
2 Id
entif
y po
tent
ial n
ew si
tes i
n th
e co
untry
. SE
A, C
EB, L
As
Iden
tifie
d si
tes
3
Iden
tify
the
issu
es r
elat
ed to
min
i hyd
ro p
ower
pro
ject
s at
pre
sent
, in
the
proj
ect a
ppro
val p
ipel
ine.
M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EA,
DoI
, LA
s, D
WLC
, CEB
Iden
tifie
d is
sues
4 In
trodu
ce s
olut
ions
for
the
ide
ntifi
ed i
ssue
s re
late
d to
pro
ject
in
the
pipe
line
MoP
&R
E,
SEA
, CEB
N
umbe
r of p
roje
cts
appr
oved
5 C
alcu
late
em
issi
on r
educ
tion
thro
ugh
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
min
i hy
dro
pow
er p
lant
s. M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Emis
sion
redu
ctio
n pr
ojec
tion
repo
rt
6 Pr
epar
e a
com
preh
ensi
ve p
lan
to im
plem
ent I
ND
C N
o. 4
M
oP&
RE,
SE
A, C
EB
Prep
ared
pla
n
13
Ene
rgy
Sect
or IN
DC
s-5
5. In
trod
uctio
n of
Dem
and
Side
Man
agem
ent (
DSM
) act
iviti
es
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 En
hanc
e th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of e
nerg
y la
belin
g pr
ogra
mm
e
SEA
, SLS
I, SL
Cus
tom
s, Te
st la
bs
Enha
nced
/ up
date
d pr
ogra
mm
e
2 In
trodu
ce ta
x in
cent
ives
for t
he p
rom
otio
n of
ene
rgy
effic
ient
app
lianc
es
SEA
, MoF
, M
oPR
E N
umbe
r of i
ntro
duce
d sc
hem
es.
3 M
ake
a m
anda
tory
cod
e of
pra
ctic
e fo
r ene
rgy
effic
ient
bui
ldin
gs
SEA
, UD
A,
MoP
&R
E,
Meg
a Po
lis
Intro
duce
d m
anda
tory
co
des
4 In
trodu
ce m
echa
nism
s for
pha
sing
out
obs
olet
e te
chno
logi
es
SEA
In
trodu
ced
phas
ing
out
syst
ems
5 In
trodu
ce L
ife C
ycle
Cos
t in
eval
uatio
n of
pro
duct
s SE
A, M
oF,
MoP
&R
E In
trodu
ced
LCC
bas
ed
eval
uatio
n
6 St
reng
then
ins
titut
iona
l mec
hani
sms
SEA
, MoP
&R
E St
reng
then
ed m
echa
nism
7 St
reng
then
an
d en
cour
age
En
ergy
Se
rvic
es
Com
pani
es,
Ener
gy
Man
ager
s, En
ergy
Aud
itors
SE
A, M
oP&
RE
Enha
nced
ene
rgy
savi
ng
capa
citie
s
8 In
trodu
ce m
echa
nism
s fo
r re
sear
ch &
dev
elop
men
t, an
d de
mon
stra
tion
proj
ects
in e
nerg
y ef
ficie
nt te
chno
logi
es
SEA
, M
oP&
RE,
C
EB, N
ERD
, U
nive
rsiti
es,
Indu
strie
s, et
c.
Esta
blis
hed
mec
hani
sms
9 In
trodu
ce m
onito
ring,
rep
ortin
g an
d ve
rific
atio
n sy
stem
s fo
r en
ergy
ef
ficie
ncy
proj
ects
SE
A, M
oP&
RE
Intro
duce
d M
RV
syst
em
10
Prep
are
a co
mpr
ehen
sive
pla
n to
impl
emen
t IN
DC
No.
5
SEA
, MoP
&R
E Pr
epar
ed p
lan
14
Ene
rgy
Sect
or IN
DC
s-6
6.St
reng
then
ing
sust
aina
ble
ener
gy r
elat
ed p
olic
ies,
with
a v
iew
to in
crea
sing
ren
ewab
le e
nerg
y sh
are
from
the
pres
ent 5
0%, t
o 60
% in
202
0 an
d m
aint
aini
ng th
at le
vel u
ntil
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y te
chno
logy
is fu
rthe
r de
velo
ped
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 R
evie
w e
xist
ing
sect
oral
pol
icie
s rel
ated
to e
nerg
y M
oP&
RE,
N
PD, M
oPPE
D
A re
view
repo
rt w
ith
reco
mm
ende
d po
licie
s
2 Id
entif
y po
licie
s and
stra
tegi
es to
fill
the
polic
y ga
ps
MoP
&R
E,
MoP
PED
, SEA
Pr
epar
ed re
port
3 Id
entif
y fe
asib
le le
vels
of N
CR
E de
velo
pmen
t
MoP
&R
E, S
EA
Iden
tifie
d p
ossi
ble
NC
RE
4 Pr
epar
e a
com
preh
ensi
ve a
ctio
n pl
an to
impl
emen
t IN
DC
No.
6
MoP
&R
E, S
EA
An
actio
n pl
an d
evel
oped
Ene
rgy
Sect
or IN
DC
s-7
(New
IND
C p
ropo
sed)
7.
Con
vert
ing
exis
ting
fuel
oil
base
d po
wer
pla
nts t
o L
NG
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct c
ompr
ehen
sive
feas
ibili
ty s
tudi
es o
n th
e in
trodu
ctio
n of
LN
G in
Sr
i Lan
ka
MoP
&R
E,
CEB
, PR
DS
Feas
ibili
ty st
udy
repo
rt
2 C
ondu
ct fe
asib
ility
stu
dies
on
conv
ertin
g ex
istin
g fu
el o
il po
wer
pla
nts
to
LNG
M
oP&
RE,
C
EB, P
RD
S Fe
asib
ility
repo
rt
3 Id
entif
y ex
istin
g ga
ps in
pol
icy
thro
ugh
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n M
oP&
RE,
CEB
Id
entif
ied
gaps
4 St
udy
and
prop
ose
solu
tions
/mec
hani
sms t
o fil
l the
abo
ve g
aps
MoP
&R
E,
CEB
, MoP
PED
Pr
opos
ed so
lutio
ns
5 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e fin
anci
al so
urce
s to
esta
blis
h LN
G p
ower
pla
nts.
MoP
&R
E, C
EB
Iden
tifie
d fu
ndin
g so
urce
s
7 C
alcu
late
em
issi
on r
educ
tion
thro
ugh
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
LN
G p
ower
pl
ants
. M
oP&
RE,
CEB
Em
issi
on re
duct
ion
repo
rt
7 Pr
epar
e a
com
preh
ensi
ve p
lan
to im
plem
ent I
ND
C N
o. 7
M
oP&
RE,
C
EB, P
RD
S Pr
epar
ed a
ctio
n pl
an
15
16
Transport Sector
17
18
Introduction
Among the energy end-use sectors, there exists a demand for fossil oil (petroleum) primarily driven by the growth in the number of vehicles. The transportation sector is responsible for approximately 30% of global final energy demand. Road transport accounts for more than 70% of that total and 95% of energy for transport comes from oil-based fuels. Present global vehicle population exceeds 1 billion and estimated to reach 2 billion by 2035. It is estimated that the transport sector will account for over 95% of the increase in world primary oil during next 15 years.
In Sri Lanka, the transport sector is one of the major GHG emitting sectors. This sector includes road, railway, air and sea transportation, among which road transport plays a dominant role. It contributes 95% to passenger transport and 97.5% to freight transport. The annual passenger transport is about 130 billion passenger-km and freight transport is approximately 7 million ton-km. The present active vehicle fleet of Sri Lanka is about 5 million, which is a three-fold increase with respect to year 2000. The main contributions for this change are from three wheelers and two wheelers, where the numbers have increased in average 8 times and 4 times, respectively. The cars, dual-purpose vehicles, and land vehicles have increased by approximately 2 to 2.5 times, while number of buses has not increased significantly, indicating a shift from public transport modes to private vehicles. At present, about 51% of the active vehicle fleet is motor cycles, 22% three wheelers (motor tricycles) and 11% motor cars. Although buses are less than 1% of the active vehicle fleet, it contributes to about 50% of passenger transport. Increase in private vehicles has resulted in increased traffic congestion, reduction in fuel economy and higher emissions. The vehicles are primarily powered by imported petroleum oil (crude and refined). About 70% of the petroleum is consumed by the transport sector, which is about 3 billion litres per annum, where the main fuel is diesel. This contributes to about 65% and the rest is through gasoline. Per capita petroleum oil consumption per annum has increased from about 50 litres in 1990 (where 73% is diesel) to 90 litres in 2000 (where 82% is diesel) and 150 litres in 2015. The average fuel economy of road transport is about 0.025 litres/passenger-km. Some indicative values for the fuel economy in passenger transportation of different vehicle categories could be estimated based on average values for transport distance, occupancy and fuel consumption as 0.01 for buses, 0.05 for cars, 0.04 for three wheelers, 0.02 for motor cycles and 0.03 for duel-purpose vehicles. This indicates the potential for reducing fuel consumption, thereby the GHG emissions, in the road transport sector by switching from private vehicles to public (or mass) transport modes. The high expenditure for the importation of petroleum has become a major factor which is adversely affecting the economy of the country. Presently, the total expenditure for petroleum imports is about 6% of gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. Thus improvement of energy efficiency/fuel economy in the transport sector becomes a national priority, apart from its contribution to GHG emission reduction as stipulated through the INDCs.
19
Under the above circumstances, synergistic approaches are required to realize GHG mitigation targets in the transport sector. GHG emissions in the transport sector can be reduced by the following:
Avoid/reduce journeys: by densifying urban landscapes, sourcing localized products, internet shopping, restructuring freight logistics systems, and utilizing advanced information and communication technologies (ICT);
Modal shift: through low-carbon transport systems, encouraged by increasing investment in public transport, walking and cycling infrastructure, and by modifying roads, railways, airports, ports, and waterways to become more attractive for users and minimising travel time and distance;
Improve energy efficiency of modes of transport and vehicle technologies: improving fuel-economy of transport (litre/passenger-km or litre/ton-km) by enhancing vehicle and engine performance, using lightweight materials, increasing freight load factors and passenger occupancy rates, deploying new technologies such as electrification of vehicles.
Improve fuel: reducing carbon intensity of fuels (CO2eq/MJ) by substituting petroleum-based products with natural gas, bio-methane, or bio fuels, electricity or hydrogen produced from low GHG sources.
It is important to harmonize the GHG mitigation options and related transport policies with other national development programmes and related policies, while mobilizing resources and expertise of all the stakeholders/institutions.
1. INDCs of Transport Sector
INDCs proposed for the transport sector has gone through a number of amendments, and the following are the key activities listed as the most recent version:
1. Establishment of energy efficient and environmentally sustainable transport systems by 2030 1.1 Develop of Urban Transport Master Plans (UTMP) to improve transport systems in
line with the Megapolis Plan that is currently being finalised into other main urban areas of the country
1.2 Introduce an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) based bus management system 1.3 Introduce canal transport system
2. Upgrade Fuel Quality Standards to reduce harmful emissions causing environmental pollution and health hazards 2.1 Introduce 95 octane petrol
3. Reduce unproductive transport systems from current usage 3.1 Reduce unproductive vehicles by 25% in 2025 unconditionally and this could be
increased by 50% with conditions. 4. Shift passengers from private to public modes of transport
4.1 Introduce the park & ride system 4.2 Establish bus depots next to railway stations.
20
5. Enhance the efficiency and quality of modes of public transport 5.1 Electrification of the railway system from Veyangoda to Panadura 5.2 Purchase new rolling stock for Sri Lanka Railway 5.3 Rehabilitate Kelani valley railway line.
6. Reduce GHG emissions in the maritime sector 6.1 Implement international laws and regulations on maritime safety & security related
to climate change 6.2 Maintain international standards related to climate change in maritime
transportation 7. Gazette new emission standards to reduce GHG emissions
7.1 Improve vehicle emission testing programme/spot testing for all vehicles 7.2 Introduce heavy smoke vehicles spotter programme 7.3 Introduce Road side vehicle emission testing programme 7.4 Inspect and monitor vehicle emission testing centres
8. Encourage and introduce low emission vehicles such as electric and hybrid vehicles 8.1 Introduce electrified three - wheelers to reduce emissions 8.2 Introduce electrified boat service 8.3 Introduce electric buses 8.4 Introduce other electrified vehicles such as cars
9. Reducing traffic congestion to reduce GHG emission 8.1 Introduce canal based transport 8.2 Introduce Centralized Traffic Management Systems 8.3 Establish highways 8.4 Transport heavy loads by railway.
10. Reduce GHG emissions in the aviation sector. 10.1 Identify the current profile of GHG emissions from Sri Lankan aviation operators (Sri
Lankan Airline, Mihin Lanka and FITS Aviation) in international operations and domestic operators
10.2 Forecast the BAU future emissions from the above operators 10.3 Study applicable international conventions / commitments related to GHG emission (and
emission of other pollutants) 10.4 Identify GHG mitigations options 10.5 Identify implementation mechanisms and resource requirements for implementing
mitigation options 11. Establish a database management system for monitoring INDCs.
11.1 Establish a separate unit for implementing INDCs 11.2 Develop relevant software 11.3 Develop and build capacity
21
2. Strategic Policies
Table 2.1 presents a set of strategic policy elements under which the activities of the INDCs in the transport sector are formulated. Primarily, these policy elements are in accordance with the Reduce-Shift-Improve concept of environmentally sustainable transport (EST) systems, which means reduce (or avoid) the need to travel, shift or maintain share of more environmentally friendly modes, and improve the energy efficiency of transport modes and vehicle technology. These three aspects cover system efficiency, trip efficiency and vehicle efficiency, thus contributing to a significant GHG emission reduction.
Table 2.1: Strategic policy elements and related INDCs in the transport sector
Number Strategic Policy Elements INDCs Activities 1 Conducive environment and sound MRV system
for the effective implementation of INDCs are ensured.
1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4; 1.5; 2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4; 2.5; 13.1; 13.2; 13.3; 13.4; 13.5; 13.6
2 Sustainable mobility through the reduction of motorized travel is promoted.
4.5; 9.1; 9.2; 9.3; 9.4; 9.5; 9.6; 10.1; 10.2; 10.3
3 Socially acceptable, environmentally sustainable, economically viable, technically sound modes of public transport, mass transit systems and transport infrastructure are established (to facilitate the shift from modes of private transport to public).
3.1; 3.2; 3.3; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6; 3.8; 4.1; 4.2; 4.3; 4.4
4 Energy efficient and environmentally sustainable vehicle technologies are promoted, while performances of in-use vehicles are enhanced or maintained.
7.1; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4; 7.5; 8.1; 8.2; 8.3; 8.4; 8.5; 8.6; 8.8
5 Cleaner fuels and alternative energy resources are introduced.
5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; 8.7
6 Non-motorized transport modes are advocated. 4.5; 9.1; 9.2; 9.3; 9.4; 9.5; 9.6
7 Efficient use of transport systems and infrastructure is facilitated, while promoting transport demand management (TDM) and intelligent transport systems together with discouraging inefficient technologies and modes.
3.7; 6.1; 6.2; 6.3; 10.1; 10.2; 10.3
8 Environmentally sustainable transport concepts are promoted in aviation and maritime sectors.
11.1; 11.2; 11.3; 11.4; 11.5; 12.1; 12.2; 12.3; 12.4; 12.5
22
3: R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Stra
tegy
1
Est
ablis
h a
soun
d po
licy
& in
stitu
tiona
l fra
mew
ork
for
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
IND
Cs
Act
ivity
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1.
1 R
evie
w re
late
d po
licie
s & le
gisl
atio
ns
Min
istry
of T
rans
port
& C
ivil
Avi
atio
n (M
oT&
CA
) N
umbe
r of r
evie
w
repo
rts
1
1.
2 A
naly
ze in
stitu
tions
& st
akeh
olde
rs
1
1.
3 A
sses
s nat
iona
l age
ndas
, prio
ritie
s and
driv
es
1
1.
4 D
evel
op a
sou
nd p
olic
y fr
amew
ork
incl
udin
g an
eff
ectiv
e se
tup
for
stak
ehol
der
enga
gem
ent
and
inst
itutio
nal
coor
dina
tion,
w
ith
parti
cula
r em
phas
is
on
an
enab
ling
envi
ronm
ent
for
avoi
danc
e/
redu
ctio
n of
jo
urne
ys
and
mod
al sh
ift to
war
ds p
ublic
tran
spor
t.
MoT
&C
A
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
repo
rts
1
1.5
Dev
elop
and
con
duct
aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
s fo
r st
akeh
olde
rs
and
inst
itutio
ns
MoT
&C
A, M
inis
try o
f M
ahaw
eli D
evel
opm
ent &
En
viro
nmen
t (M
MD
&E)
Num
ber o
f aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
s
4 4
4
Num
ber o
f pa
rtici
pant
s 80
80
80
Stra
tegy
2
Est
ablis
h an
info
rmat
ion
man
agem
ent s
yste
m fo
r th
e tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r 2.
1 Es
tabl
ish
an i
nter
-age
ncy
offic
ers
com
mitt
ee f
or t
rans
port
info
rmat
ion
man
agem
ent s
yste
m (I
MS)
M
oT&
CA
N
umbe
r of
com
mitt
ee
mee
tings
4 4
4
2.2
Esta
blis
h a
com
preh
ensi
ve in
form
atio
n re
sour
ce c
ente
r an
d a
cent
raliz
ed d
atab
ase
/IMS
for t
rans
port
sect
or
Nat
iona
l Tra
nspo
rt C
omm
issi
on
(NTC
) , M
oT&
CA
, Min
istry
of
Hig
her E
duca
tion
& H
ighw
ays
(MoH
E&H
), R
oad
Dev
elop
men
t A
utho
rity
(RD
A)
Ope
ratio
nilis
ing
of
the
data
base
30
%
80%
10
0%
2.3
Ann
ual
publ
icat
ions
on
the
trans
port
sect
or p
erfo
rman
ce
revi
ews;
flee
t cha
ract
eris
tics/
data
N
TC, D
epar
tmen
t of M
otor
Tr
affic
(DM
T)
Num
ber o
f pu
blic
atio
ns
2 2
2
2.4
Con
duct
trai
ning
pro
gram
s on
IMS
in th
e tra
nspo
rt se
ctor
M
oT&
CA
, MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of t
rain
ing
prog
ram
s 2
2 2
Num
ber o
f pa
rtici
pant
s 40
40
40
23
2.5
Esta
blis
h th
e pr
esen
t GH
G e
mis
sion
pro
file
of th
e tra
nspo
rt se
ctor
M
oT&
CA
, MM
D&
E, C
entra
l En
viro
nmen
t Aut
horit
y (C
EA)
% o
f cov
erag
e 25
%
50%
10
0%
Stra
tegy
3
Est
ablis
h an
eff
icie
nt a
nd e
ffec
tive
publ
ic tr
ansp
ort s
yste
m
Act
ivity
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
3.
1 D
evel
op U
rban
Tra
nspo
rt M
aste
r Pla
ns (U
TMPs
) for
maj
or
urba
n ar
eas o
f the
cou
ntry
M
inis
try o
f Meg
apol
is &
W
este
rn D
evel
opm
ent
(MoM
&W
D),
MoT
&C
A
Num
ber o
f urb
an
area
s cov
ered
1
3 5
3.2
Cha
ract
eriz
e ke
y m
itiga
tion
optio
ns r
elat
ed t
o in
trodu
cing
ne
w m
odes
in U
TMPs
suc
h as
urb
an ra
ilway
impr
ovem
ents
w
ith e
lect
rific
atio
n an
d m
oder
niza
tion,
lig
ht r
ail
trans
it (L
RT)
, inl
and
wat
er tr
ansp
ort,
mod
erni
zatio
n of
bus
es.
MoM
&W
D, M
oT&
CA
N
umbe
r of m
ajor
pr
ojec
ts
6 4
4
3.3
Cha
ract
eriz
e th
e tra
nspo
rt in
fras
truct
ure
deve
lopm
ent
proj
ects
(ca
paci
ty i
mpr
ovem
ent
of r
oad
links
inc
ludi
ng
natio
nal
road
s an
d ex
istin
g ex
pres
sway
ne
twor
k;
cons
truct
ion
of n
ew e
xpre
ssw
ays)
RD
A, M
oM&
WD
, MoH
E&H
N
umbe
r of
proj
ects
2
3 4
3.4
Rev
iew
the
pro
posa
l fo
r pu
rcha
sing
new
rol
ling
stoc
k fo
r Sr
i Lan
ka R
ailw
ay a
nd id
entif
y G
HG
miti
gatio
n po
tent
ial
MoT
&C
A, M
MD
&E
R
evie
w re
port
1
3.5
Cha
ract
eriz
e th
e re
habi
litat
ion
of K
elan
i val
ley
railw
ay li
ne
in re
latio
n to
the
GH
G m
itiga
tion
pote
ntia
l M
oT&
CA
, MM
D&
E
Rev
iew
repo
rt 1
3.6
Con
duct
tra
inin
g/aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
s on
tra
nspo
rt in
terv
entio
ns p
ropo
sed
in th
e U
TMPs
M
oM&
WD
N
umbe
r of t
rain
ing
prog
ram
s 3
3 3
Num
ber o
f pa
rtici
pant
s 60
60
60
3.7
Stud
y th
e im
pact
of
intro
duci
ng I
TS (
Inte
llige
nt T
rans
port
Syst
em) b
ased
pas
seng
er a
nd fr
eigh
t tra
nspo
rt sy
stem
s
Uni
vers
ities
, MoM
&W
D,
MoT
&C
A
Num
ber o
f ITS
co
ncep
ts
deve
lope
d
2 4
6
Stra
tegy
4
Shift
pas
seng
ers f
rom
mod
es o
f pri
vate
tran
spor
t to
publ
ic tr
ansp
ort
Act
ivity
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
4.
1 R
evie
w o
ptio
ns fo
r diff
eren
t inf
rast
ruct
ure
deve
lopm
ent a
nd
the
prom
otio
n of
the
mod
al sh
ift
MoT
&C
A, U
nive
rsiti
es, N
TC
Rev
iew
repo
rt 1
24
4.2
Cha
ract
eriz
e th
e op
tions
iden
tifie
d in
4.1
abo
ve in
rela
tion
toth
eir
pote
ntia
l as
GH
G m
itiga
tion
(suc
h as
int
rodu
cing
the
Park
and
Rid
e sy
stem
, bus
dep
ots n
ext t
o ra
ilway
stat
ions
)
MoT
&C
A
Num
ber o
f pr
ovin
ces c
over
ed
2 2
2
4.3
Dev
elop
and
im
plem
ent
mas
s m
edia
cam
paig
n to
pro
mot
e th
e m
odal
shift
M
oT&
CA
N
umbe
r of m
edia
ca
mpa
igns
4
4 4
4.4
Intro
duce
trav
el r
estri
ctio
ns, p
arki
ng r
estri
ctio
ns, m
inim
um
occu
panc
y lim
its,
elec
troni
c ro
ad p
ricin
g et
c. f
or p
rivat
e ve
hicl
es
RD
A, L
ocal
aut
horit
ies (
LAs)
N
umbe
r of
inte
rven
tions
1
2 3
4.5
Org
aniz
e ca
r-fr
ee d
ays a
nd c
ar-f
ree
zone
s LA
s N
umbe
r of
prog
ram
s 2
2 2
Stra
tegy
5
Enf
orce
the
fuel
qua
lity
road
map
in o
rder
to r
educ
e ha
rmfu
l em
issi
ons o
f air
pol
luta
nts
5.1
Rev
iew
and
upd
ate
the
draf
t fue
l qua
lity
road
map
M
MD
&E
The
road
map
1
5.2
Esta
blis
h a
fuel
qua
lity
man
agem
ent c
omm
ittee
M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f co
mm
ittee
m
eetin
gs
3 3
3
5.3
Iden
tify
GH
G m
itiga
tion
optio
ns in
the
fuel
qua
lity
road
map
an
d ch
arac
teriz
e th
em
MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of
proj
ects
2
2 2
5.4
Estim
ate
the
finan
cial
im
plic
atio
ns a
nd i
mpa
cts
of e
ach
inte
rven
tion
of th
e fu
el q
ualit
y ro
adm
ap
MM
D&
E %
of c
ompl
etio
n
30%
60
%
100%
5.5
Iden
tify
the
exis
ting
fuel
qu
ality
te
stin
g fa
cilit
ies
and
deve
lop
a pr
opos
al f
or a
n in
depe
nden
t fu
el t
estin
g fa
cilit
y an
d op
erat
iona
lizat
ion
prog
ram
Uni
vers
ities
, CEA
; Ind
ustri
al
Tech
nolo
gy In
stitu
te (I
TI) ,
Nat
iona
l Bui
ldin
g R
esea
rch
Org
aniz
atio
n (N
BR
O)
Prop
osal
for t
he
inde
pend
ent f
uel
qual
ity te
stin
g fa
cilit
y
1
Stra
tegy
6
Red
uce
unpr
oduc
tive
tran
spor
t sys
tem
s fro
m c
urre
nt u
sage
A
ctiv
ity
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
6.1
Prep
are
a co
untry
repo
rt on
fuel
eco
nom
y of
in-u
se v
ehic
les
and
mak
e re
com
men
datio
ns
for
benc
hmar
king
of
fu
el
econ
omy
leve
ls fo
r cat
egor
ies o
f diff
eren
t veh
icle
s
DM
T R
evie
w re
port
1
6.2
Dev
elop
a v
ehic
le sc
rap
page
pro
gram
and
rela
ted
regu
latio
n fo
r its
enf
orce
men
t M
oT&
CA
Th
e re
gula
tion
10
%
20%
25
%
6.3
Dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t a m
ass m
edia
cam
paig
n to
faci
litat
e D
MT
A m
ass m
edia
1
2 4
25
effe
ctiv
e im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e sc
rap
page
pro
gram
ca
mpa
igne
d St
rate
gy 7
R
evis
e em
issi
on st
anda
rds t
o re
duce
GH
G e
mis
sion
s 7.
1 En
forc
e re
vise
d em
issi
on st
anda
rds
DM
T, M
MD
&E
Enfo
rced
revi
sed
stan
dard
s 10
0%
100%
10
0%
7.2
Impl
emen
t a sm
oke
spot
ter p
rogr
am fo
r gro
ss e
mitt
ers
DM
T, M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f ve
hicl
es sp
otte
d 25
00
2500
25
00
7.3
Impl
emen
t a ro
ad-s
ide
vehi
cle
emis
sion
test
ing
prog
ram
D
MT,
MM
D&
E, S
ri La
nka
Polic
e N
umbe
r of
vehi
cles
test
ed
3000
30
00
3000
7.4
Insp
ect a
nd m
onito
r veh
icle
em
issi
on te
stin
g ce
ntre
s D
MT,
MM
D&
E, C
EA, D
ept.
of
Mea
sure
men
t Uni
ts, S
tand
ards
&
Serv
ices
(MU
SSD
)
Num
ber o
f cen
ters
in
spec
ted
100
100
100
7.5
Esta
blis
h th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n em
issi
on fa
ctor
s an
d fu
el
econ
omy/
GH
G e
mis
sion
s U
nive
rsiti
es, C
EA, D
MT
Num
ber o
f ca
tego
ries o
f ve
hicl
es c
over
ed
1 3
6
Stra
tegy
8
Prom
ote
ener
gy e
ffic
ient
and
env
iron
men
tally
sust
aina
ble
vehi
cle
tech
nolo
gies
incl
udin
g el
ectr
ic a
nd h
ybri
d ve
hicl
es
Act
ivity
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
8.
1 St
udy
the
perf
orm
ance
and
im
pact
s of
in-
use
elec
tric
and
hybr
id v
ehic
les
DM
T, U
nive
rsiti
es
Stud
y re
port
1
8.2
Ana
lyze
the
rec
yclin
g of
bat
tery
on
elec
tric
and
hybr
id
vehi
cles
C
EA, M
MD
&E
Stud
y re
port
1
8.3
Esta
blis
h ch
argi
ng
infr
astru
ctur
e (a
nd
elec
trici
ty
tarif
f m
etho
dolo
gy) f
or e
lect
ric a
nd h
ybrid
veh
icle
s C
eylo
n El
ectri
city
Boa
rd (C
EB),
Lank
a El
ectri
c C
ompa
ny
(LEC
O)
Num
ber o
f ch
argi
ng st
atio
ns
50
100
200
8.4
Stud
y po
tent
ial i
mpa
cts o
f int
rodu
cing
ele
ctric
bus
es
MoT
&C
A, N
TC, U
nive
rsiti
es
Stud
y re
port
1
8.5
Stud
y po
tent
ial
impa
cts
of i
mpo
rtatio
n of
ele
ctric
thr
ee-
whe
eler
s an
d co
nver
ting
conv
entio
nal
thre
e-w
heel
ers
toel
ectri
c on
es
MoT
&C
A, N
TC
Stud
y re
port
1
8.6
Stud
y po
tent
ial
impa
cts
of i
ntro
duci
ng a
n el
ectri
fied
boat
serv
ice
MoM
&W
D, M
oT&
CA
St
udy
repo
rt 1
8.7
Stud
y po
tent
ial o
f bio
fuel
s and
bio
gas a
s tra
nspo
rt fu
els
Uni
vers
ities
St
udy
repo
rt 1
8.8
Dev
elop
a fu
el e
cono
my
labe
ling
prog
ram
for v
ehic
les
Uni
vers
ities
, Sri
Lank
a N
umbe
r of v
ehic
le
1 2
4
26
Sust
aina
ble
Ener
gy A
utho
rity
(SLS
EA) ,
Sri L
anka
Sta
ndar
d In
stitu
te (S
LSI)
cate
gorie
s cov
ered
Stra
tegy
9
Prom
ote
non-
mot
oriz
ed m
odes
of t
rans
port
(cyc
ling
and
wal
king
) A
ctiv
ity
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
9.1
Con
duct
a s
tudy
on
the
pres
ent
stat
us o
f no
n-m
otor
ised
tra
nspo
rt (N
MT)
syst
ems i
n Sr
i Lan
ka
Uni
vers
ities
, RD
A, L
As,
NTC
, C
lean
Air
Sri L
anka
(CA
SL),
AirM
AC
Surv
ey re
port
1
9.2
Dev
elop
a n
atio
nal
actio
n pl
an /
roa
dmap
for
to
prom
ote
non-
mot
oriz
ed
trans
port
(NM
T) s
yste
ms;
with
par
ticul
ar
emph
asis
on
optim
um u
tiliz
ing
of e
xist
ing
infr
astru
ctur
e by
im
prov
ing
acce
ssib
ility
and
est
ablis
hing
net
wor
ks,
whi
le
inte
grat
ing
NM
T in
to
the
trans
port
syst
em
incl
udin
g tra
nspo
rt an
d sp
atia
l pla
nnin
g
Uni
vers
ities
, NTC
, AirM
AC
, C
ASL
A
ctio
n pl
an
1
9.3
Esta
blis
h a
wal
kabi
lity
inde
x in
diff
eren
t reg
ions
Uni
vers
ities
, AirM
AC
, CA
SL,
LAs
Num
ber o
f reg
ions
5
10
20
9.4
Impl
emen
t pi
lot
zone
s to
pr
omot
e N
MT
mod
es,
in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith th
e ou
tput
s of i
tem
9.2
abo
ve
Uni
vers
ities
, RD
A, L
As,
CA
SL
Num
ber o
f zon
es
3 6
10
9.5
Impl
emen
t tre
e pl
antin
g pr
ogra
ms
alon
g cy
cle
path
s / w
alk-
way
s (in
clud
ing
alon
g w
ater
-way
s)
LAs;
UD
A, R
DA
, CA
SL
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
ms
5 10
20
9.6
Dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t mas
s m
edia
cam
paig
ns to
pro
mot
e N
MT
AirM
AC
, CA
SL
Num
ber o
f med
ia
cam
paig
ns
1 2
4
Stra
tegy
10
Prom
ote
sust
aina
ble
mob
ility
thro
ugh
avoi
danc
e or
red
uctio
n of
mot
oriz
ed tr
avel
10
.1
Con
cept
ualiz
e di
ffer
ent
optio
ns
to
avoi
d or
re
duce
m
otor
ized
trav
el a
pplic
able
to th
e lo
cal c
onte
xt (e
.g. f
lexi
ble
wor
king
tim
e; c
ompr
esse
d w
orkw
eeks
; us
e of
IC
T fo
r e-
com
mer
ce, e
-gov
erna
nce,
e-m
ater
ializ
atio
n, e
tc, i
ncre
asin
g de
nsiti
es a
nd c
once
ntra
tion
and
mix
ed u
se d
evel
opm
ent i
n ci
ty p
lann
ing)
Uni
vers
ities
A
ppra
isal
repo
rt 1
27
A
ctiv
ity
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
10.2
D
evel
op g
uide
lines
or
a fr
amew
ork
to o
pera
tiona
lize
each
op
tion
iden
tifie
d in
item
10.
1
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of o
ptio
ns
cons
ider
ed
2 3
4
10.3
D
evel
op a
nd im
plem
ent m
ass
med
ia c
ampa
igns
to p
rom
ote
the
avoi
d/re
duce
con
cept
of t
rans
port
AirM
AC
, CA
SL
Num
ber o
f ca
mpa
igns
2
2 2
Stra
tegy
11
Red
uce
GH
G e
mis
sion
s in
the
avia
tion
sect
or
11.1
Id
entif
y th
e cu
rren
t pr
ofile
of
GH
G e
mis
sion
s fr
om S
ri La
nkan
ope
rato
rs (
Sri
Lank
an A
irlin
e, M
ihin
Lan
ka a
nd
FITS
Avi
atio
n) i
n in
tern
atio
nal
oper
atio
ns a
nd f
rom
the
do
mes
tic o
pera
tors
at t
he lo
cal l
evel
Civ
il A
viat
ion
Aut
horit
y (C
AA
) R
epor
t on
the
emis
sion
pro
file
1
11.2
Fo
reca
st
the
BA
U
futu
re
emis
sion
s fr
om
the
abov
e op
erat
ors
CA
A
Rep
ort o
n em
issi
on fo
reca
st
1
11.3
St
udy
appl
icab
le i
nter
natio
nal
conv
entio
ns /
com
mitm
ents
re
late
d to
GH
G e
mis
sion
(and
em
issi
on o
f oth
er p
ollu
tant
s)
CA
A
Stud
y re
port
1
11.4
Id
entif
y G
HG
miti
gatio
ns o
ptio
ns
CA
A
Num
ber o
f opt
ions
2
2 2
11.5
Id
entif
y im
plem
enta
tion
mec
hani
sms
and
reso
urce
re
quire
men
ts fo
r the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
miti
gatio
n op
tions
C
AA
St
udy
repo
rt
1
Stra
tegy
12
Red
uce
GH
G e
mis
sion
s in
the
mar
itim
e se
ctor
12
.1
Esta
blis
h th
e pr
esen
t GH
G e
mis
sion
pro
file
of th
e m
ariti
me
sect
or
Sri L
anka
Por
ts A
utho
rity
(SLP
A),
Uni
vers
ities
R
epor
t on
the
emis
sion
pro
file
1
12.2
Fo
reca
st th
e B
AU
futu
re e
mis
sion
s fro
m th
e se
ctor
SL
PA, U
nive
rsiti
es
Rep
ort o
n th
e em
issi
on fo
reca
st
1
12.3
Id
entif
y G
HG
miti
gatio
n op
tions
for t
he m
ariti
me
sect
or
SLPA
, Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of o
ptio
ns
2 2
2 12
.4
Stud
y th
e G
HG
miti
gatio
n po
tent
ials
for
impl
emen
tatio
n of
in
tern
atio
nal l
aws a
nd re
gula
tions
SL
PA, U
nive
rsiti
es
Stud
y re
port
1
12.5
Id
entif
y im
plem
enta
tion
mec
hani
sms
and
reso
urce
re
quire
men
ts to
impl
emen
t miti
gatio
n op
tions
SL
PA, U
nive
rsiti
es
Stud
y re
port
1
28
Stra
tegy
13
Prio
ritiz
e G
HG
miti
gatio
n op
tions
in th
e tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r
Act
ivity
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
13
.1
Set
base
lines
/ B
AU
sce
nario
for
ide
ntifi
ed m
itiga
tion
optio
ns
MM
D&
E, M
oT&
CA
%
of b
asel
ines
set
50%
85
%
100%
13.2
Es
tabl
ish
mar
gina
l ab
atem
ent
cost
(M
AC
) cu
rves
for
the
se
lect
ed m
itiga
tion
optio
ns
MM
D&
E, M
oT&
CA
N
umbe
r of
miti
gatio
n op
tions
co
nsid
ered
15
25
30
13.3
A
ssig
n re
spon
sibl
e ag
enci
es a
nd g
et t
heir
com
mitm
ent
/ en
dors
emen
t M
MD
&E,
MoT
&C
A
Num
ber o
f ag
enci
es
com
mitt
ed
13.4
Id
entif
y re
sour
ce a
nd c
apac
ity r
equi
rem
ents
, an
d de
velo
p,
and
impl
emen
t tra
inin
g pr
ogra
ms
MM
D&
E, M
oT&
CA
N
umbe
r of t
rain
ing
prog
ram
s 2
2 2
Num
ber o
f pa
rtici
pant
s 50
50
50
13.5
Es
tabl
ish
an M
RV
syst
em
MM
D&
E %
cov
erag
e 10
%
25%
50
%
13.6
D
evel
op a
n im
plem
enta
tion
plan
for
the
IN
DC
s in
the
tra
nspo
rt se
ctor
M
MD
&E,
MoT
&C
A
% o
f com
plet
ion
25
%
100%
29
30
31
32
Introduction
Industrial sector includes energy consuming industries, technology intensive industries, small and medium enterprises and micro industries. Apart from emissions generated from energy consumption, the key industries contributing to GHG emissions are cement manufacture and lime production. Energy required for industrial purposes is generated from several sources such as biomass, petroleum oil and electricity. It is noted that most of the industries are using very old and high energy consuming technologies which need to be reviewed and improved with new technology.
Proposed INDCs in the industry sector are suggesting further actions and sub actions that could directly and indirectly influence in reducing GHG emissions in the industrial sector by modifying, adopting and applying new technology available in the field targeting the time frame of 2020-2030.
1. INDCs of Industrial Sector
The INDCs of the industrial sector include:
1. Modernize and facilitate industries to follow recognized standards related to GHG emission reduction (environmental management systems such as ISO 14000, ISO 14040 series, ISO 14062, design for environment, ISO 14064-greenhouse gas emission standards, Oeko-Tex 1000 garment and textile industry; Hazard Account Critical Control Points (HACCP) or ISO 22000/25 certification, etc) 2. Continue fuel switching to biomass in industries 3. Improve industrial energy/water/ raw material efficiency 4. Introduce and promote tax structures to promote sustainable technologies 5. Encourage industries to reduce GHG emissions by introducing a reward system 6. Establish eco-industrial parks (EIPS) and villages 7. Implement the national green reporting system of Sri Lanka. 8. Apply eco-efficiency and cleaner production 9. Greening the supply chain by introducing life cycle management and industrial symbiosis to managing zero waste 10. Introduce high efficient motors for the entire industrial sector
33
2. Strategic policies and related INDCs in the industrial sector
Number Strategic Policy INDCs Activities
1 Introduce GHG emission standards for the effective implementation of INDCs.
1,5
2 Encourage clean energy sources through biomass energy generation.
2
3 Enhance capacity building of industrialists and relevant stakeholders by using modern technology as well as including low interest credit schemes
3,4,10
4 Efficient use of resources for industry by using cleaner production and sustainable consumption and production
6,7, 8,9
34
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
1 1.
M
oder
nise
and
faci
litat
e in
dust
ries
to fo
llow
rec
ogni
zed
stan
dard
s rel
ated
to G
HG
em
issi
on r
educ
tion
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Ass
ess
the
curr
ent
env
ironm
ent
stan
dard
s r
elat
ed t
o G
HG
em
issi
on re
duct
ion
(adv
erse
indu
stry
sect
ors)
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA,C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ries
20%
60
%
100%
2 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f po
licie
s an
d re
gula
tions
to
impl
emen
t the
ide
ntifi
ed IN
DC
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Iden
tifie
d po
licie
s and
re
gula
tions
20%
60
%
100%
3 Id
entif
y ex
istin
g po
licy
gaps
th
roug
h st
akeh
olde
r co
nsul
tatio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Iden
tifie
d po
licy
gaps
20
%
60%
10
0%
4 Id
entif
y ex
istin
g ga
ps
in
lega
l fr
amew
ork
thro
ugh
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Iden
tifie
d ga
ps
in th
e le
gal
fram
ewor
k
20%
60
%
100%
5 St
udy
and
prop
ose
solu
tions
/mec
hani
sms
to f
ill t
he
abov
e ga
ps
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
New
solu
tions
/ m
echa
nism
s 20
%
60%
10
0%
6 Id
entif
y ba
selin
e in
form
atio
n of
GH
G
MIC
, NC
PC ,B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, IT
I, SL
ITA
, ED
B,
NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Bas
elin
es
20%
60
%
100%
7 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e or
gani
zatio
ns to
fill
the
gaps
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Iden
tifie
d re
spon
sibl
e or
gani
satio
ns
100%
35
8 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy
of
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
to
im
plem
ent
such
IN
DC
s an
d th
e co
nsen
t of
ot
her
exec
utin
g ag
enci
es
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
10
0%
10
Iden
tify
adeq
uate
hum
an c
apac
ities
to im
plem
ent s
uch
IND
Cs
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
10
0%
11
Set
up c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
prog
ram
mes
rel
ated
to
GH
G
emis
sion
redu
ctio
n an
d ba
selin
e sc
enar
ios
MIC
, NC
PC, C
CS,
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of
prog
ram
mes
20
%
60%
10
0%
12
Iden
tify
suita
ble
finan
cial
sou
rces
(ex
tern
al a
nd l
ocal
) to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s M
IC, C
CS,
ER
D
Fina
ncia
l so
urce
s 50
%
50%
13
Setu
p an
IN
DC
m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm
in
the
resp
ectiv
e M
inis
try
MIC
, CC
S N
umbe
r of
mon
itorin
g bo
dies
50%
50
%
14
Faci
litat
e in
dust
ries
to
im
plem
ent
th
e st
anda
rds
rela
ted
to G
HG
em
issi
on re
duct
ion
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ries
20%
60
%
100%
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
2 2.
C
ontin
ue fu
el sw
itchi
ng to
bio
mas
s in
indu
stri
es
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
the
adeq
uacy
of p
olic
ies t
hat s
uppo
rt sw
itchi
ng
to a
ltern
ativ
e en
ergy
sour
ces
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f po
licie
s 10
0%
2 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy
of
in
stitu
tiona
l su
ppor
t to
im
plem
ent
the
IND
C
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
10
0%
36
3 Id
entif
y ba
rrie
rs f
or s
witc
hing
to
alte
rnat
ive
ener
gy
sour
ces
thro
ugh
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Iden
tifie
d ba
rrie
rs
100%
4 St
udy
and
ide
ntify
mod
ern
alte
rnat
ive
ener
gy s
ourc
es
tech
nolo
gy
(bot
h he
at
and
ener
gy
tech
nolo
gy
appl
icat
ions
)
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, ITI
, SLI
TA, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f id
entif
ied
m
oder
n te
chno
logi
es
20%
60
%
100%
5 A
sses
s te
chni
cal
feas
ibili
ty t
o sw
itch
to a
ltern
ativ
e en
ergy
sour
ces
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, I
TI, S
LITA
, NER
DC
, U
nive
rsiti
es
Tech
nica
l fe
asib
ility
50
%
100%
6 C
ondu
ct
rese
arch
on
ex
istin
g ef
ficie
nt
ener
gy
tech
nolo
gies
in s
elec
ted
indu
stry
cat
egor
ies
to im
prov
e th
e le
vel o
f eff
icie
ncy
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, ITI
, SLI
TA, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f re
sear
ches
co
nduc
ted
30%
60
%
100%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
te
hum
an
capa
citie
s of
st
akeh
olde
r in
stitu
tions
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
hum
an
capa
citie
s 10
0%
8 Se
t up
a da
taba
se fo
r fue
l sw
itchi
ng in
indu
strie
s M
IC, N
PD, C
CS
Dat
abas
e 20
%
100%
9 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e fin
anci
al s
ourc
es (
exte
rnal
and
loc
al)
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
M
IC, N
PD, C
CS,
ERD
Id
entif
ied
finan
cial
so
urce
s
50%
10
0%
10
Setu
p a
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
in
th
e re
spec
tive
Min
istri
es
MIC
, CC
S M
onito
ring
mec
hani
sms
50%
10
0%
11
Dev
elop
a m
arke
t fo
r su
stai
nabl
e fu
el (
prom
otio
nal
cam
paig
n)
MIC
, NPD
, CC
S %
of c
ampa
ign
com
plet
ion
30%
60
%
100%
12
Esta
blis
h a
spec
ial
loan
sch
eme
to a
pply
the
mod
ern
fuel
tech
nolo
gies
M
IC, N
PD, C
CS
Num
ber o
f loa
n sc
hem
es
20
%
100%
13
Car
ryou
t pilo
t pro
ject
s on
fuel
switc
hing
tech
nolo
gies
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
Num
ber o
f pilo
t pr
ojec
t s
cond
ucte
d
20%
60
%
100%
37
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
3 3.
Impr
ove
indu
stri
al e
nerg
y/w
ater
/raw
mat
eria
l eff
icie
ncy
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
adeq
uacy
of
polic
ies
supp
orte
d fo
r ef
fect
ive
use
of e
nerg
y, w
ater
and
raw
mat
eria
ls
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Iden
tifie
d ad
equa
cy o
f po
licie
s
100%
2 A
sses
s ad
equa
cy
of
envi
ronm
enta
l re
gula
tions
to
im
plem
ent
such
IND
Cs
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
An
asse
ssm
ent
repo
rt
100%
3 R
emov
e ba
rrie
rs f
or e
ffic
ient
usa
ge o
f
ener
gy, w
ater
an
d m
ater
ials
thro
ugh
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Bar
riers
re
mov
ed
20%
60
%
100%
4 Id
entif
y an
d as
sign
re
spon
sibi
litie
s to
th
e se
lect
ed
exec
utin
g ag
enci
es
to
ensu
re
the
effe
ctiv
e us
e of
en
ergy
, wat
er a
nd ra
w m
ater
ials
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Iden
tifie
d re
spon
sibl
e ag
enci
es, a
nd
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
of a
genc
ies
100%
5 St
udy
bes
t ava
ilabl
e te
chno
logy
for
the
effic
ient
use
of
ene
rgy
, wat
er a
nd ra
w m
ater
ials
M
IC, C
CS,
ITI,
NER
DC
, Uni
vers
ities
Id
entif
ied
best
te
chno
logi
es
20%
60
%
100%
6 R
evie
w th
e M
RV
sys
tem
dev
elop
ed f
or th
e N
AM
A in
th
e en
ergy
end
use
sect
or re
late
d en
ergy
sect
or
MIC
,CC
S,C
EA,IT
I, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
R
evie
w re
ports
10
0%
7 C
ondu
ct a
feas
ibili
ty s
tudy
to a
dopt
the
NA
MA
and
the
MR
V sy
stem
for w
ater
and
mat
eria
ls
MIC
,CC
S,C
EA,IT
I, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
Fe
asib
ility
re
port
50%
10
0%
8 C
ondu
ct r
esea
rch
on
tech
nolo
gies
of
sele
cted
crit
ical
in
dust
ry c
ateg
orie
s M
IC,C
CS,
CEA
,ITI,
NER
DC
, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f re
sear
ch
20%
60
%
100%
9 Id
entif
y po
tent
ial
indu
stria
l re
latio
nshi
ps o
n re
sour
ce
shar
ing
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Iden
tifie
d in
dust
rial
rela
tions
hips
50%
10
0%
38
10
Iden
tify
and
impl
emen
t hu
man
cap
acity
dev
elop
men
t pr
ogra
ms t
o im
plem
ent i
dent
ified
IND
Cs
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Hum
an c
apac
ity
deve
lopm
ent
prog
ram
mes
20%
60
%
100%
11
Esta
blis
h a
data
base
for u
sage
of e
nerg
y, w
ater
and
raw
m
ater
ials
in th
e in
dust
ry se
ctor
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Dat
abas
e 20
%
60%
10
0%
12
Stud
y th
e da
ta c
olle
cted
and
set b
asel
ines
and
targ
ets t
o ac
hiev
e
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Bas
elin
es a
nd
targ
ets
50%
10
0%
13
Set
GH
G e
mis
sion
red
uctio
n ta
rget
s t
hrou
gh e
xper
t co
nsul
tatio
ns
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Targ
ets f
or e
ach
sect
or
50%
10
0%
17
Setu
p a
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
in
th
e re
spec
tive
Min
istry
M
IC, C
CS
Mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
10
0%
18
Faci
litat
e in
dust
ries
in th
e im
plem
enta
tion
of in
dust
rial
ener
gy, w
ater
, raw
mat
eria
ls e
ffic
ienc
y .
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Ava
ilabl
e fa
cilit
ies
20%
60
%
100%
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
4 4.
Intr
oduc
e an
d de
velo
p ta
x st
ruct
ures
to p
rom
ote
sust
aina
ble
tech
nolo
gies
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Rev
iew
the
exi
stin
g ta
x st
ruct
ure
in c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith
stak
ehol
ders
M
IC, T
reas
ury,
BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B
Num
ber o
f re
visi
ons
100%
2 A
sses
s th
e ad
equa
cy o
f f
isca
l po
licie
s su
ppor
ting
sust
aina
ble
tech
nolo
gies
M
IC, T
reas
ury,
BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B
An
asse
ssm
ent
repo
rt 10
0%
39
3 St
udy
sus
tain
able
tech
nolo
gies
ava
ilabl
e in
the
mar
ket
and
thei
r pric
es t
hrou
gh a
mar
ket s
urve
y
MIC
, CC
S, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
ITI,
,ED
B,
NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
%
of t
he
com
plet
ion
of
the
mar
ket
surv
ey
20%
60
%
100%
4 Id
entif
y an
d re
mov
e ba
rrie
rs
to p
rom
ote
sust
aina
ble
tech
nolo
gies
thr
ough
stak
ehol
der c
onsu
ltatio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Rem
oved
ba
rrie
rs
20%
60
%
100%
5 V
alid
atio
n of
th
e gr
een
proc
urem
ent
polic
y an
d gu
idel
ines
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Val
idat
ed
docu
men
t
10
0%
6 In
trodu
ce a
new
tax
stru
ctur
e to
pro
mot
e su
stai
nabl
e te
chno
logi
es th
roug
h co
nsul
tatio
ns w
ith th
e M
inis
try o
f Fi
nanc
e
MIC
, Tre
asur
y, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), SL
ITA
, ED
B
New
tax
stru
ctur
e
100%
7 Po
pula
rize
soft
econ
omic
inst
rum
ents
such
as p
aym
ents
fo
r ec
osys
tem
ser
vice
s to
shi
ft fr
om p
ollu
ter
pays
pr
inci
ple
to u
ser p
ays p
rinci
ple
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f ec
onom
ic
inst
rum
ents
20%
60
%
100%
8 C
ondu
ct
rese
arch
on
su
stai
nabl
e in
nova
tive
tech
nolo
gies
for s
elec
ted
indu
stry
cat
egor
ies
M
IC, C
CS,
ITI,
NER
DC
, Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of
rese
arch
20
%
60%
10
0%
9 En
cour
age
inve
stor
s to
eng
age
and
use
the
sust
aina
ble
tech
nolo
gy a
pplic
atio
n M
IC, B
OI,
IDB
, CC
S, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
ITI,
SLIT
A,
EDB
, NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
Sche
mes
for
enco
urag
emen
t 20
%
60%
10
0%
10
Esta
blis
h a
unit
to m
onito
r the
tax
stru
ctur
e
MIC
, Tre
asur
y, C
CS,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s),
Mon
itorin
g re
ports
20
%
60%
10
0%
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
5 5.
Enc
oura
ge in
dust
ries
to r
educ
e G
HG
em
issi
ons b
y in
trod
ucin
g a
rew
ard
syst
em
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
reat
e p
latfo
rms
to m
otiv
ate
indu
stria
lists
bas
ed o
n re
war
d s
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ries
30%
60
%
100%
40
2 D
evel
op g
uide
lines
for a
rew
ardi
ng sy
stem
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f gu
idel
ines
10
0%
3 R
evie
w t
he e
xist
ing
crite
ria w
ith t
hrou
gh s
take
hold
er
cons
ulta
tions
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f re
view
ed
crite
ria
100%
4 Id
entif
y in
dust
ry c
ateg
orie
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f id
entif
ied
cate
gorie
s
100%
5 C
ondu
ct
capa
city
bu
ildin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
for
indu
stria
lists
to d
evel
op sc
enar
ios
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
mm
es
30%
60
%
100%
6 Id
entif
y ev
alua
tion
team
s and
TO
Rs
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f ev
alua
tion
team
s and
ToR
s de
velo
ped
100%
7 D
evel
op a
dat
abas
e on
GH
G e
mis
sion
redu
ctio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs(
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Dat
abas
e de
velo
ped
100%
8 D
evel
op b
asel
ine
scen
ario
s M
IC, N
CPC
, CC
S, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f sc
enar
ios
20%
60
%
100%
9 D
evel
op G
HG
scen
ario
s M
IC, N
CPC
, CC
S, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f sc
enar
ios
20%
60
%
100%
10
Set
GH
G e
mis
sion
red
uctio
n ta
rget
s th
roug
h ex
pert
cons
ulta
tions
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f ta
rget
s set
30
%
60%
10
0%
41
11
Esta
blis
h a
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
M
IC, C
CS
% o
f the
co
mpl
etio
n of
th
e m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm
50%
10
0%
12
Cre
ate
a pl
atfo
rm t
o sh
are
expe
rienc
es w
ith o
ther
in
dust
ries
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), SL
ITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C, C
CC
, NC
C,
Uni
vers
ities
A p
latfo
rm
esta
blis
hed
30%
10
0%
13
Prom
ote
and
intro
duce
mar
ket b
ased
inst
rum
ents
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Inst
rum
ents
in
trodu
ced
14
Intro
duce
ta
x ho
liday
s/co
nces
sion
s fo
r gr
een
inve
stm
ents
and
impo
rts
MIC
, Tre
asur
y, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), ED
B
Num
ber o
f co
nces
sion
s of
fere
d
20%
60
%
100%
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
6 6.
Est
ablis
h ec
o- in
dust
rial
par
ks (E
IPS)
and
vill
ages
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Dev
elop
re
gula
ting
crite
ria
for
exis
ting
and
new
in
dust
rial z
one
and
esta
te
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
No
of c
riter
ia
deve
lope
d 50
%
100%
2 Id
entif
y lo
catio
ns f
or in
dust
ries
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f lo
catio
n s
100%
3 Id
entif
y ga
ps in
pol
icie
s for
ind
ustri
al z
ones
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f gap
s id
entif
ied
100%
4 V
alid
ate
Gre
en P
rocu
rem
ent P
olic
y an
d gu
idel
ines
M
IC, N
PD, C
CS,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), S
LSI
Num
ber o
f po
licie
s/
guid
elin
es
100%
42
5 Is
sue
EPL
and
mon
itor
para
met
ers
on s
oil,
wat
er a
nd
air
MIC
, BO
I, C
EA, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
N
umbe
r of E
PL
30%
60
%
100%
6 Id
entif
y ec
o in
dust
rial p
arks
/zon
es c
lust
ered
indu
strie
s in
clud
ing
high
pol
lutin
g in
dust
ries.
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
,CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ries
100%
7 C
all f
or e
xpre
ssio
ns o
f int
eres
t to
clus
ter e
co in
dust
rial
park
s/vi
llage
s M
IC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
) N
umbe
r of
ex
pres
sion
s
50%
10
0%
8 Id
entif
y a
n ar
m to
mon
itor
Eco-
Ind
ustri
al Z
ones
and
vi
llage
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Iden
tifie
d or
gani
satio
n 10
0%
9 C
ondu
ct a
fea
sibi
lity
stud
y on
an
inte
grat
ed w
aste
m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f co
vere
d in
dust
rial z
ones
50%
10
0%
10
Dev
elop
a
base
line
surv
ey
for
inte
grat
ed
was
te
man
agem
ent
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, ITI
, SLI
TA, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
Surv
ey re
port
100%
11
Stre
ngth
en a
n in
tegr
ated
w
aste
/was
te w
ater
exc
hang
e ne
twor
k M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f ex
chan
geab
le
was
te p
rodu
cing
in
dust
ries
20%
60
%
100%
12
Cre
ate
awar
enes
s am
ong
indu
stria
lists
and
the
gene
ral
publ
ic
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
mm
es,
leaf
lets
, etc
20%
60
%
100%
13
Faci
litat
e to
st
reng
then
/con
vert/
re-z
one
exis
ting
indu
s tria
l zon
es/p
arks
into
eco
indu
stria
l zon
es
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f fa
cilit
ated
zo
nes/
park
s
20%
60
%
100%
43
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
7 7.
Impl
emen
t the
Nat
iona
l Gre
en R
epor
ting
Syst
em o
f Sri
Lan
ka
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 R
evie
w
the
exis
ting
Nat
iona
l G
reen
R
epor
ting
Gui
delin
es
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f re
view
ed
guid
elin
es
100%
2 Id
entif
y th
e ga
ps a
nd fi
nd a
solu
tion
for i
dent
ified
gap
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f so
lutio
ns
20%
60
%
100%
3 In
corp
orat
e so
lutio
ns to
the
Nat
iona
l Gre
en R
epor
ting
Syst
em
MIC
, EP&
E N
umbe
r of
inco
rpor
ated
so
lutio
ns
20%
60
%
100%
4 C
reat
ion
of M
ega
scal
e aw
aren
ess
on t
he r
epor
ting
syst
em
MIC
, EP&
E N
umbe
r of
awar
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es
20%
60
%
100%
5 C
all f
or e
xpre
ssio
n of
inte
rest
to e
nrol
l with
the
syst
em
EP&
E N
umbe
r of
enro
lmen
ts
30%
60
%
100%
6 Id
entif
y in
nova
tive
pro
mot
iona
l cam
paig
n m
etho
ds
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f id
entif
ied
met
hods
50%
10
0%
7 Id
entif
y ev
alua
tion
team
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
C
CS,
SLS
I, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f te
ams i
dent
ified
50
%
100%
8 C
ondu
ct
capa
city
bu
ildin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
for
indu
stria
lists
and
ver
ifica
tion
agen
cies
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f co
nduc
ted
prog
ram
mes
30%
60
%
100%
44
9 Id
entif
y a
suita
ble
finan
cial
m
echa
nism
for
the
repo
rting
syst
em
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f id
entif
ied
mec
hani
sms
100%
10
Dev
elop
a d
atab
ase
for
the
Nat
iona
l G
reen
Rep
ortin
g sy
stem
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
% o
f co
mpl
etio
n 30
%
60%
10
0%
11
Stre
ngth
en/b
uild
cap
acity
of t
he e
valu
atio
n te
am
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
mm
es
cond
ucte
d
30%
60
%
100%
12
Iden
tify
a su
itabl
e m
echa
nism
to
be a
ssoc
iate
d w
ith
Gov
ernm
ent s
ecto
r ins
titut
ions
for t
his s
yste
m
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Iden
tifie
d m
echa
nism
10
0%
13
Cre
ate
a pl
atfo
rm t
o sh
are
best
pra
ctic
es a
nd l
esso
ns
with
oth
ers
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f sh
ared
bes
t pr
actic
es
30%
60%
10
0%
14
Faci
litat
e so
ft lo
an/g
rant
s fo
r gr
een
inve
stm
ents
and
pr
actic
es
MIC
, Tre
asur
y, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP
&E,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), ED
B
Val
ue o
f the
lo
ans/
gran
ts
30%
60
%
100%
15
Impl
emen
t the
Nat
iona
l Gre
en R
epor
ting
Syst
em
EP&
E N
umbe
r of
regi
ster
ed
indu
strie
s
30%
60
%
100%
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
8 8.
App
ly e
co-e
ffic
ienc
y an
d cl
eane
r pr
oduc
tion
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct a
n in
dust
rial s
urve
y to
iden
tify
the
curr
ent
situ
atio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ri es
30%
60
%
100%
45
2 D
evel
op b
asel
ine
scen
ario
s M
IC, N
CPC
, EP&
E, C
CS,
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of
scen
ario
s 30
%
60%
10
0%
3 C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng p
rogr
amm
es t
o re
duce
was
te o
f re
sour
ces f
rom
indu
strie
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
mm
es
30%
60
%
100%
4 C
ondu
ct a
stu
dy to
incr
ease
Env
ironm
enta
l and
Soc
ial
Res
pons
ibili
ty o
f SM
Es
MIC
,CC
S, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f SM
Es
30%
60
%
100%
5 C
ondu
ct
a fe
asib
ility
st
udy
for
the
prom
otio
n of
re
new
able
/ gre
en e
nerg
y e
ffic
ienc
y in
the
ind
ustri
al
sect
or
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f se
ctor
s cov
ered
50
%
50%
6 R
ecog
nize
and
app
reci
ate
indu
stria
lists
sw
itchi
ng t
o gr
een
indu
strie
s
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f re
cogn
ized
in
dust
ries
30%
60
%
100%
7 Fo
rmul
ate
sect
oral
cl
eane
r pr
oduc
tion
polic
ies
and
stra
tegi
es fo
r the
eff
ectiv
e im
plem
enta
tion
of R
ECP
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SLS
I, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
ITI,
SLIT
A, E
DB
, NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f se
ctor
s 30
%
60%
10
0%
8 C
ondu
ct c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
prog
ram
mes
and
aw
aren
ess
crea
tion
on R
ECP
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), IT
I, SL
ITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C, C
CC
, NC
C,
Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
mm
es
30%
60
%
100%
9 En
cour
age
R&
D in
indu
strie
s to
supp
ort e
co in
nova
tion
MIC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Se
cs (a
ll pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, N
ERD
C, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f re
cord
ed R
&D
30
%
60%
10
0%
10
Dev
elop
an
nual
as
sess
men
t re
ports
on
in
dust
rial
pollu
tant
s M
IC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E, C
hief
Se
cs(a
ll pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, N
ERD
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Ann
ual r
epor
ts
20%
60
%
11
Faci
litat
e ap
plic
atio
n of
ec
o-ef
ficie
ncy
and
clea
ner
prod
uctio
n M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ries
30%
60
%
100%
46
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
9 9.
Gre
enin
g th
e su
pply
cha
in b
y in
trod
ucin
g L
ife C
ycle
Man
agem
ent a
nd in
dust
rial
sym
bios
is to
man
age
zero
w
aste
A
ctio
n
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Fo
rmul
ate
polic
y an
d g
uide
lines
for
gre
en p
ublic
pr
ocur
emen
t M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f po
licie
s/gu
idel
ine
s
100%
2 O
btai
n C
abin
et a
ppro
val f
or g
reen
pub
lic p
rocu
rem
ent
MIC
, EP&
E, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
Cab
inet
ap
prov
al
10
0%
3 Pr
omot
e gr
een
purc
hasi
ng a
mon
g en
terp
rises
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f en
terp
rises
30
%
60%
10
0%
4 Pr
omot
e ec
o-de
sign
and
gre
en b
uild
ing
appl
icat
ions
for
the
indu
stria
l sec
tor
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pr
omot
ed
appl
icat
ions
30%
60
%
100%
5 C
ondu
ct
capa
city
bu
ildin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
for
eco
desi
gn/ g
reen
bui
ldin
g co
nsul
tant
s & a
rchi
tect
s M
IC, N
CPC
, EP&
E, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pe
rson
s /p
rogr
amm
es
30%
60
%
100%
6 D
evel
op
a na
tiona
l ec
o/en
ergy
la
bels
ce
rtific
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
es
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), IT
I, SL
ITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C, C
CC
, NC
C,
Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f ec
o/en
ergy
la
bels
30%
60
%
100%
7 En
cour
age
reso
urce
reco
very
thro
ugh
a w
aste
exc
hang
e pl
atfo
rm
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, EP&
E,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Am
ount
of
was
te
exch
ange
30%
60
%
100%
47
8 En
cour
age
subs
titut
ion
of re
new
able
mat
eria
l use
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, E
P&E,
SL
SI, F
CC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f su
bstit
utio
n 30
%
60%
10
0%
9 Es
tabl
ish
a gr
een
proc
urem
ent n
etw
ork
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, EP&
E, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), SL
ITA
, ED
B, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f gr
een
supp
liers
10
0%
10
Prom
ote
indu
strie
s to
reco
ver a
nd s
hare
reso
urce
s fr
om
sele
cted
was
te st
ream
s with
in a
nd b
etw
een
indu
strie
s M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, E
P&E,
SLS
I, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
SLIT
A, E
DB
, CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Am
ount
of
was
te
reco
vere
d or
sh
ared
30%
60
%
100%
11
Cre
ate
pl
atfo
rms
to
mot
ivat
e th
e us
e of
lo
cally
re
cycl
ed
mat
eria
l sy
mbi
osis
w
ithin
cl
osel
y lo
cate
d in
dust
ries
MIC
, NC
PC,B
OI,I
DB
, EP&
E, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all p
rovi
nces
), SL
ITA
, ED
B, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Am
ount
of
loca
lly
recy
cled
m
ater
ials
use
d
30%
60
%
100%
12
Con
duct
res
earc
h an
d de
velo
pmen
t fo
r Li
fe C
ycle
A
sses
smen
t M
IC, E
P&E
CC
S, IT
I, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of R
&
D
30%
60
%
100%
13
Iden
tify
finan
cial
sour
ces
MIC
, EP&
E, C
CS,
ER
D
Iden
tifie
d so
urce
s 10
0%
14
Stre
ngth
en t
he i
nstit
utio
nal
mec
hani
sm t
o m
onito
r th
e IN
DC
M
IC, C
CS,
EP&
E N
umbe
r of
inst
itutio
ns
50%
10
0%
13
Gre
en t
he
supp
ly c
hain
thr
ough
the
int
rodu
ctio
n of
Li
fe C
ycle
Man
agem
ent,
polic
y fo
rmul
atio
n, c
apac
ity
build
ing
and
train
ing
for
the
prom
otio
n of
ec
o pr
oduc
ts,
and
indu
stria
l sy
mbi
osis
to
man
age
zero
w
aste
IND
C
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
EP&
E, S
LSI,
FCC
ISL,
Chi
ef S
ecs (
all
prov
ince
s), I
TI, S
LITA
, ED
B, N
ERD
C,
CC
C, N
CC
, Uni
vers
ities
Num
ber o
f in
dust
ries
30%
60
%
100%
Indu
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
10
10. I
ntro
duce
hig
h ef
ficie
nt m
otor
s for
the
entir
e in
dust
rial
sect
or
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct a
res
earc
h di
ssem
inat
ion
foru
m f
or g
reen
in
nova
tion
on
high
eff
icie
nt m
otor
s M
IC, C
CS,
ITI,
NER
DC
, ,U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f co
nfer
ence
s/
sym
posi
ums
20%
60
%
100%
48
2 C
reat
e p
latfo
rms
to m
otiv
ate
the
use
of h
igh
effic
ienc
y m
otor
s
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pl
atfo
rms
crea
ted
20%
60
%
100%
3 C
ondu
ct
a fe
asib
ility
st
udy
on
intro
duci
ng
high
ef
ficie
nt m
otor
s for
indu
strie
s M
IC,C
CS,
ITI,
NER
DC
, Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of
type
s of m
otor
s 50
%
100%
4 C
reat
e A
war
enes
s am
ong
indu
stria
lists
on
the
rele
vant
IN
DC
act
ions
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
CS,
SLS
I, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
ITI,
SLIT
A, E
DB
, NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
mes
20%
60
%
100%
5 C
ondu
ct
capa
city
bu
ildin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
for
the
tech
nica
l off
icer
s and
mac
hine
ope
rato
rs
M
IC, N
CPC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
CS,
SLS
I, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
ITI,
SLIT
A, E
DB
, NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
, U
nive
rsiti
es
Num
ber o
f pr
ogra
mm
es
20%
60
%
100%
6 A
void
dou
ble
coun
ting
of th
e IN
DC
with
tran
spor
t and
en
ergy
sect
ors
MIC
, CC
S M
echa
nism
s de
velo
ped
to
avoi
d do
uble
co
untin
g
100%
7 A
sses
s m
itiga
tion
pote
ntia
l of
tec
hnol
ogy
or p
ract
ices
fo
r eac
h IN
DC
M
IC,N
CPC
,CC
S, IT
I, N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of
asse
ssm
ents
30
%
70%
10
0%
8 Se
t G
HG
em
issi
on r
educ
tion
targ
ets
thro
ugh
expe
rt co
nsul
tatio
ns
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Targ
ets f
or
each
sect
or
50%
10
0%
9 Pu
blis
h G
HG
redu
ctio
n ta
rget
s in
the
MR
V sy
stem
M
IC,C
CS,
CEA
,ITI,N
ERD
C,
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r o o
f pu
blic
atio
ns
30%
60
%
100%
10
Iden
tify
exte
rnal
fund
ing
assi
stan
ce re
quire
d fo
r thi
s te
chno
logy
M
IC, C
CS,
ERD
V
alue
of
fund
ing
iden
tifie
d
100%
11
Iden
tify
a le
ad e
xecu
ting
agen
cy fo
r the
IND
Cs
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Lead
exe
cutin
g ag
ency
id
entif
ied
100%
49
12
Iden
tify
supp
ortin
g ex
ecut
ing
agen
cies
for e
ach
IND
C
MIC
, NC
PC, B
OI,
IDB
, CEA
, CC
S,
SLSI
, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pr
ovin
ces)
, ITI
, SLI
TA, E
DB
, NER
DC
, C
CC
, NC
C, U
nive
rsiti
es
Supp
ortin
g ex
ecut
ing
agen
cies
id
entif
ied
100%
13
Intro
duce
hig
h ef
ficie
nt m
otor
s to
the
entir
e in
dust
rial
sect
or
MIC
, BO
I, ID
B, C
EA, C
CS,
SLS
I, FC
CIS
L, C
hief
Sec
s (al
l pro
vinc
es),
ITI,
SLIT
A, E
DB
, NER
DC
, CC
C, N
CC
,
Am
ount
of
ener
gy sa
ved
20%
60
%
100%
50
51
52
Introduction
Forest cover is globally accepted as a key element in combating climate change. This is through the contribution that forests make to curb the increasing trend of average surface temperature. The crucial role that trees play in absorbing carbon from air through a process referred to as carbon sequestration, has now been recognized globally as an effective way to remove rapidly increasing atmospheric carbon. However, once trees are cut down, this process is reversed as most of the sequestrated carbon is once again emitted to the atmosphere. Therefore, deforestation and forest degradation has been identified as one of the major issues that contribute to global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated that deforestation and forest degradation account for 12% of earth’s human induced carbon emission, which is more emissions than the entire global transportation put together.
Proposed INDCs of this sector are directly or indirectly influencing the reduction of GHG emission, through the increase of forest cover in the country up to a healthy level and through the management of deforestation. It further focuses on enriching land use by introducing perennial crops during the time frame of 2020-2030.
1. INDCs of Forest Sector
1. Increase forest cover of Sri Lanka from 29% to 32% by 2030. 1.1 Identify land for reforestation/forestation (suitable non forest land for forestry by conducting land use planning at national scale).
2. Improve quality of growing stock of natural forests and plantations. 2.1 Natural Forests
2.1.1 Completion of boundary demarcation 2.1.2 Conservation to increase non carbon benefits
2.2 Plantation forests 2.2.1 Demarcation of boundaries including buffer zones 2.2.2 Develop plantation management plans for sustainable forest management practices for productive and protective purposes
3. Restoration of degraded forests and hilltops (shrubs, grasslands and state lands) 4. Increase river basin management for major rivers of Sri Lanka.
4.1 Multi hazard prioritisation of catchment/ river basins 4.2 Preparation of catchment management plan/s (demarcation and protection of riverine vegetation etc.) 4.3 Implementation of protective measures
5. Forestation of underutilized private lands and marginal tea lands. 5.1 Promote forestation/afforestation through a non-carbon benefit/payment for ecosystem service mechanism.
6. Urban forestry (tree planting along roadside, temple lands, schools and other government lands).
6.1 Improve better coordination among relevant authorities 7. Establishment/ reactivation of the National Forest Monitoring System (NFMS).
53
7.1 Regular implementation of the national forest inventory and national forest cover assessment 8. Promote private and public sector companies to investment in environmental conservation projects through CSR programs.
8.1 Establish an institutional setup and a mechanism to implement such programs.
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy 1 Conservation and enhancement of the forest cover of Sri Lanka 2 Sustainable forest management through enhancing the quality of biomass and
restoration of degraded forests 3 Watersheds and river basin management 4 Promotion of private sector participation in forest conservation 5 Promotion of tree planting outside the forest areas 6 Promotion of community/community based organizations (CBOs)/religious
entities and general public in tree planting 7 Use of international guidance and experience in capacity building 8 Intersectoral coordination in planning and implementation 9 Use of affordable technology 10 Use of viable alternatives for environmental destructive practices
54
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
1 1.
Incr
ease
fore
st c
over
of S
ri L
anka
from
29%
to 3
2% b
y 20
30
1.1
Iden
tify
land
for r
efor
esta
tion/
fore
stat
ion
(sui
tabl
e no
n fo
rest
land
for f
ores
try b
y co
nduc
ting
land
use
pla
nnin
g at
na
tiona
l sca
le)
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Prep
are
curr
ent f
ores
t ext
ent,
clas
sific
atio
n an
d pr
epar
atio
n of
fore
st
inve
ntor
ies
FD, D
WLC
Fo
rest
inve
ntor
y da
ta, f
ores
t cov
er
map
s
50%
50
%
2 Id
entif
y la
nd re
quire
men
t for
refo
rest
atio
n/fo
rest
atio
n/fo
rest
rest
orat
ion
FD, M
A,
DW
LC
Iden
tifie
d la
nd
area
10
0%
3 A
naly
ze th
e po
tent
ial f
or c
onve
rting
non
-for
est l
and
to fo
rest
ry b
y co
nduc
ting
land
us
e pl
anni
ng
at
natio
nal
leve
l (w
hile
co
nsid
erin
g so
cio-
econ
omic
ch
alle
nges
).
FD, L
UPP
D
Stud
y re
port
50%
50
%
4 A
ddre
ss so
cio-
econ
omic
issu
es re
latio
n to
fore
st m
anag
emen
t FD
R
esol
ved
soci
o-ec
onom
ic is
sues
50%
50
%
5 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e fo
rest
res
tora
tion
met
hods
and
pot
entia
l pl
ant
spec
ies
for
diff
eren
t loc
aliti
es a
ccor
ding
to th
e ge
o-ph
ysic
al b
ound
arie
s. FD
Num
ber o
f m
etho
ds/s
peci
es
20%
40
%
40%
6 Id
entif
y an
d re
ctify
pol
icy
gaps
FD
, DW
LC,
MA
A
repo
rt of
pol
icy
gaps
iden
tifie
d 50
%
100%
7 C
ondu
ct a
war
enes
s and
trai
ning
pro
gram
mes
for
stak
ehol
ders
FD
, MA
, D
WLC
N
umbe
r of
prog
ram
mes
20
20
20
8 Im
plem
enta
tion
of re
fore
stat
ion/
fore
stat
ion
prog
ram
me
FD, D
WLC
, M
A
Num
ber o
f he
ctar
es
rest
ored
/pla
nted
200
200
200
9 B
uild
a m
echa
nism
to c
alcu
late
the
carb
on se
ques
tratio
n of
diff
eren
t typ
es o
f fo
rest
s FD
, MA
, D
WLC
D
evel
oped
m
echa
nism
10
0%
10
Iden
tify
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ity g
aps a
nd re
ctifi
catio
n FD
, MA
, D
WLC
R
epor
t 50
%
50%
11
Dem
arca
te a
nd d
ecla
re o
f new
ly e
stab
lishe
d fo
rest
are
a FD
, MA
, D
WLC
N
umbe
r of
hect
ares
10
0%
55
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
2
2. Im
prov
emen
t of q
ualit
y of
gro
win
g st
ock
of N
atur
al F
ores
ts a
nd F
ores
t Pla
ntat
ions
2.
1 N
atur
al F
ores
ts
2.1.
1 C
ompl
etio
n of
bou
ndar
y de
mar
catio
n 2.
1.2
Con
serv
atio
n to
incr
ease
non
car
bon
bene
fits
2.2
Plan
tatio
n Fo
rest
s 2.
2.1
Dem
arca
tion
of b
ound
arie
s inc
ludi
ng b
uffe
r zon
es
2.2
.2 D
evel
op p
lant
atio
n m
anag
emen
t pla
ns fo
r sus
tain
able
fore
st m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es fo
r pr
oduc
tive
and
prot
ectiv
e pu
rpos
es
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Prio
ritiz
e fo
rest
are
as fo
r qu
ality
impr
ovem
ent
FD,D
WLC
M
ap &
repo
rt 50
%
50%
2 Pr
epar
e na
tura
l for
est m
anag
emen
t pla
ns
FD,D
WLC
M
anag
emen
t pla
n 30
%
30%
40
%
3 Pr
epar
e si
te sp
ecifi
c re
stor
atio
n pl
ans a
nd in
terv
entio
n st
rate
gies
FD
,DW
LC
Plan
s 30
%
30%
40
%
4 D
evel
op p
lant
atio
n m
anag
emen
t pla
ns
FD
Man
agem
ent
plan
s 50
%
50%
5 Pr
epar
e fe
asib
ility
pla
ns fo
r inc
reas
ing
mix
ed c
ultu
res i
nste
ad o
f m
onoc
ultu
res,
intro
duci
ng n
ativ
e va
rietie
s in
sele
cted
fore
st p
lant
atio
ns
FD,D
WLC
M
anag
emen
t pl
ans
50%
50
%
6 Su
rvey
and
dec
lare
fore
sts a
nd b
uffe
r zon
es
M/S
D&
WL,
FD
,DW
LC
Num
ber o
f for
ests
de
clar
ed
100%
7 Im
plem
ent m
anag
emen
t pla
ns
FD,D
WLC
A
rea
unde
r m
anag
emen
t
20%
20
%
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
3 3.
Res
tora
tion
of d
egra
ded
fore
sts a
nd h
illto
ps
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
area
s and
thei
r pre
sent
stat
us
FD,D
WLC
M
aps &
repo
rts
10
0%
2
Ass
ess
rest
orat
ion
pote
ntia
l of
deg
rade
d fo
rest
s an
d hi
ll to
ps t
hrou
gh
field
in
vest
igat
ions
FD
,DW
LC
Ass
essm
ent
repo
rt
100%
3 Pr
iorit
ize
iden
tifie
d ar
eas f
or re
stor
atio
n
FD,D
WLC
M
aps &
repo
rts
10
0%
4
Prep
are
man
agem
ent p
lans
to im
prov
e de
grad
ed fo
rest
s and
hill
tops
FD
,DW
LC
Man
agem
ent
plan
s
10
0%
56
5 C
ondu
ct b
asel
ine
surv
ey to
ass
ess c
limat
e im
pact
s FD
,DW
LC
Esta
blis
hed
base
line
100%
6 Im
plem
ent m
anag
emen
t pla
n FD
,DW
LC
Prog
ress
repo
rts
X
X
X
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
4
4. In
crea
se r
iver
bas
in m
anag
emen
t for
maj
or r
iver
s of S
ri L
anka
4.
1 M
ulti
haza
rd p
riorit
izat
ion
of c
atch
men
t/ riv
er b
asin
s 4.
2 Pr
epar
atio
n of
cat
chm
ent m
anag
emen
t pla
n/s (
Dem
arca
tion
and
prot
ectio
n of
rive
rine
vege
tatio
n et
c.)
4.3
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
pro
tect
ive
mea
sure
s A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y pr
iorit
y riv
er b
asin
s an
d w
ater
shed
s an
d as
sess
the
cur
rent
sta
tus/
m
ulti
haza
rd p
riorit
izat
ion
of c
atch
men
t/ riv
er b
asin
s M
A,D
oI,
LUPP
D,F
D,
DW
LC
Ana
lyze
d re
port
20
%
40%
40
%
2 A
sses
s for
est s
tatu
s on
criti
cal c
atch
men
ts/ri
ver b
asin
s M
A,D
oI,
LUPP
D,F
D,D
WLC
Map
& re
port
20%
40
%
40%
3 Im
pact
as
sess
men
t an
d an
alys
is
of
less
ons
lear
nt
of
maj
or
wat
ersh
ed
man
agem
ent a
ctiv
ities
und
erta
ken
in th
e pa
st
MM
D&
E A
sses
smen
t re
port
100%
4 Pr
epar
e ca
tchm
ent m
anag
emen
t pla
n/s
(dem
arca
tion
and
prot
ectio
n of
rive
rine
vege
tatio
n et
c.)
MA
/DoI
, LU
PPD
,FD
,DW
LC
Cat
chm
ent
man
agem
ent p
lan
100%
5 Im
plem
ent p
rogr
am
MA
/DoI
, LU
PPD
,FD
,DW
LC
Are
a un
der
impr
oved
m
anag
emen
t
*202
0
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
5 5.
For
esta
tion
of u
nder
utili
zed
priv
ate
land
s and
mar
gina
l Tea
/Rub
ber
land
s
5.
1 Pr
omot
e fo
rest
atio
n/af
fore
stat
ion
thro
ugh
non
carb
on b
enef
it/pa
ymen
t for
eco
syst
em se
rvic
e m
echa
nism
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
und
erut
ilize
d pr
ivat
e la
nds a
nd m
argi
nal s
tate
tea
land
s for
FD
,MO
PI,L
Are
a of
land
50
%
50%
57
fore
stat
ion
UPP
D,M
ED
iden
tifie
d 2
Cre
ate
ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es f
or t
he p
rom
otio
n of
pla
ntin
g pr
ogra
mm
e/s
for
prod
uctiv
ity e
nhan
cem
ent t
hrou
gh la
nd m
anag
emen
t FD
,MO
PI,L
UPP
D,M
ED
Doc
umen
ts a
nd
repo
rts
50%
50
%
3 C
reat
e aw
aren
ess o
n co
nser
vatio
n an
d fo
rest
atio
n fo
r priv
ate
land
ow
ners
and
pr
omot
e fo
rest
atio
n/af
fore
stat
ion
and
intro
duct
ion
of in
cent
ive
sche
mes
M
MD
&E,
FD,M
OPI
,MED
N
umbe
r of
prog
ram
mes
co
nduc
ted
20%
40
%
40%
4 Pr
epar
e de
taile
d pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
M
MD
&E,
FD
,MO
PI,M
ED
Are
a re
fore
sted
/aff
ores
ted
und
er p
rivat
e fo
rest
s
100%
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
6 6.
Urb
an fo
rest
ry (T
ree
plan
ting
alon
g ro
adsi
de, t
empl
e la
nds,
scho
ols a
nd o
ther
gov
t. la
nds)
6.
1 Im
prov
e be
tter c
oord
inat
ion
amon
g re
leva
nt a
utho
ritie
s A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y si
tes f
or u
rban
fore
stry
(tre
e pl
antin
g al
ong
road
side
, car
par
ks,
hous
ing
sche
mes
tem
ple
land
s, sc
hool
s and
oth
er g
ovt.
land
s)
FD
Num
ber o
f site
s id
entif
ied
50%
50
%
2 Pr
iorit
ize
the
area
s for
tree
pla
ntin
g FD
, Dep
t. of
C
omm
issi
oner
of
loca
l Gov
t.
Num
ber o
f site
s pr
iori t
ized
50
%
50%
3 D
evel
op g
reen
ing
plan
s in
the
sel
ecte
d lo
cal
auth
oriti
es a
nd o
ther
rel
evan
t st
akeh
olde
rs
FD, D
ep. o
f C
omm
issi
oner
of
loca
l Gov
t.
Num
ber o
f pl
ans
50%
50
%
4 Id
entif
y tre
e sp
ecie
s sui
tabl
e fo
r roa
dsid
e, te
mpl
e la
nds,
scho
ols a
nd o
ther
go
v ern
men
t lan
ds
FD, D
ept.
of
Com
mis
sion
er
of lo
cal G
ovt.
Spec
ies L
ist f
or
sele
cted
ca
tego
ries
50%
50
%
5 Pr
epar
e de
taile
d pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s in
clud
ing
actio
ns su
ch a
s; im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e gr
eeni
ng p
lans
, pro
visi
on o
f pl
antin
g m
ater
ials
FD, D
ept o
f C
omm
issi
oner
of
loca
l Gov
t.
Num
ber o
f site
s fo
r pla
ntin
g in
itiat
ed
50
%
50%
58
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
7 7.
Est
ablis
hmen
t/ re
activ
atin
g of
the
Nat
iona
l For
est M
onito
ring
Sys
tem
(NFM
S)
7.1
Reg
ular
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
Nat
iona
l for
est i
nven
tory
and
nat
iona
l for
est c
over
ass
essm
ent
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Esta
blis
h th
e N
atio
nal F
ores
t Mon
itorin
g Sy
stem
FD
, U
NR
EDD
N
FS sy
stem
100%
2 C
ondu
ct a
war
enes
s cre
atin
g pr
ogra
mm
es fo
r sta
keho
lder
s FD
A
war
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es
50
%
50%
3 R
egul
ar m
onito
ring
of n
atio
nal f
ores
t cov
er
FD,D
WLC
, M
A
Esta
blis
hed
mon
itorin
g pl
an
10
0%
4 C
ondu
ct a
sses
smen
ts o
n gr
owin
g st
ocks
, car
bon
sequ
estra
tion,
etc
FD
/DW
LC
Ass
essm
ent
repo
rt
10
0%
Fore
stry
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
8 8.
Pro
mot
e pr
ivat
e an
d pu
blic
sect
or c
ompa
nies
for
inve
stm
ent i
n en
viro
nmen
tal c
onse
rvat
ion
proj
ects
th
roug
h C
SR p
rogr
ams
8.1
Esta
blis
hmen
t of i
nstit
utio
nal s
etup
and
a m
echa
nism
to im
plem
ent s
uch
prog
ram
s
Act
ion
Res
pons
ibl
e A
genc
ies
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
priv
ate
and
publ
ic se
ctor
com
pani
es fo
r sup
porti
ng e
nviro
nmen
tal
cons
erva
tion
proj
ects
thro
ugh
CSR
pro
gram
s. FD
N
umbe
r of
iden
tifie
d co
mpa
nies
2 Id
entif
y la
nd b
ase
FD
Land
bas
e 10
0%
3 Es
tabl
ish
the
inst
itutio
nal s
etup
and
a m
echa
nism
to im
plem
ent s
uch
prog
ram
s. M
MD
&E
/FD
In
stitu
tiona
l set
up
50
%
50%
59
60
61
62
Introduction
GHG emissions from solid waste depend on the disposal methods. The main waste collection and disposal systems currently practiced in Sri Lanka are composting, recycling, sanitary land filling, open dumping, waste burning through incineration (for clinical waste) and waste water treatment.
Waste collection and disposal have become a serious problem in Sri Lanka with the expansion of urban population and the rapid changes in the consumption pattern. Local Authorities (LAs) are responsible for municipal solid waste management in Sri Lanka. However, the capacity of LAs in general is not sufficient to manage all waste generated within the LA. Only 40% of the waste is regularly collected.
Currently, only a limited number of LAs are running sanitary land filling practices. The generation of Methane from landfill sites is likely to be an acute problem. In almost all the Municipal Councils’ landfill sites are located within the respective city limits, amidst highly populated residential areas. One ton of biodegradable waste gives 300 liters of Methane (0.4 tons of Methane or 8 tons of CO2, equivalent GHG). Providing solutions to solid waste management issue will help solve the multifaceted dimensions on health hazard, environment pollution and GHG emission reduction.
The proposed INDCs for waste sector are directly or indirectly influencing the reduction of GHG emission in waste sector by modifying, adopting and applying appropriate technology during the period of 2020-2030.
1. INDCs of Waste Sector
The INDCs for the waste sector include:
1. Introducing a source separation system at household level and a proper collection mechanism.
2. Improving the compost preparation system for each local authority and increasing organic fertilizer for agricultural purposes by providing facilities to control the quality of compost, and introducing a market for produced compost
3. Introducing energy generation by waste (waste to energy programmes).
4. Improving waste collection mechanism
5. Designing and implementing comprehensive solid waste management strategies for 40%-60% local authorities before 2030
6. Monitoring of waste management activities
7. Systematic management of industrial/hazardous and clinical waste
63
2. Strategic policies identified for the waste sector
1. Introduce and implement a 3R System among all LAs
2. Improve compost making facilities for LAs where the waste collection is below 30 MT/Day
3. Introduce other integrated waste management systems for waste collection where it is more than 30MT/Day (incinerators, waste to energy system, mechanically operated compost, machinery)
4. Introduce sanitary landfills for residues (maximum of 3 per province in cluster basis among LAs)
5. Introduce new legal provinces to LAs for the improvement of waste collection and management.
3. Action Plan
Waste management action plan is prepared for every province with the inclusion of the following factors.
1. Introduce a proper waste management system taking into consideration of the amount of collection in each LA
2. Possibility of clustering among LAs. 3. Capacity for composting. 4. Collection calendar for LAs. 5. Improvement of facilities for collection and treatment of waste, and night soil. 6. Conduct awareness programmes among public through mass media and other ways.
64
4. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-1
1.In
trod
uce
a so
urce
sepa
ratio
n sy
stem
at h
ouse
hold
leve
l and
a p
rope
r co
llect
ion
mec
hani
sm
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e se
greg
atio
n po
ints
for d
iffer
ent w
aste
cat
egor
ies
LA
s N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
se
greg
atio
n po
ints
x
x x
2 Id
entif
y an
d in
crea
se s
uita
ble
colle
ctio
n po
ints
for d
iffer
ent w
aste
ca
tego
ries
LA
s N
umbe
r of c
olle
ctio
n po
ints
x
x x
3 Id
entif
y w
aste
col
lect
ion
indu
strie
s/ c
entre
s fo
r di
ffer
ent
was
te
cate
gorie
s
MPC
s&LG
N
umbe
r of i
ndus
try
repr
esen
tativ
es
x
4 C
ondu
ct f
requ
ent
surv
eys
for
was
te m
inim
izat
ion,
seg
rega
tion
and
recy
clin
g
MPC
s&LG
, In
tere
sted
St
akeh
olde
rs
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
co
nduc
ted
x
5 D
evel
op w
aste
man
agem
ent p
lans
at t
he L
A le
vel,
and
impr
ove
up to
pro
vinc
ial l
evel
M
PCs&
LG, L
A,
Dep
artm
ent o
f Loc
al
Gov
ernm
ents
Num
ber o
f was
te
man
agem
ent p
lans
de
velo
ped
x x
x
6 C
reat
e le
gisl
atio
n fo
r sor
ting,
col
lect
ing
at h
ouse
hold
leve
l M
PCs&
LG, M
MD
&E
Legi
slat
ion
form
ulat
ed
7
Ada
pt P
ollu
ter P
ays P
rinci
ple
for m
ixed
was
te
MPC
s&LG
, MM
D&
E Po
llute
r Pay
s Prin
cipl
e im
plem
ente
d
8 A
men
d th
e w
aste
man
agem
ent p
olic
y to
impl
emen
t and
enf
orce
IN
DC
s M
PCs&
LG, M
MD
&E
W
aste
man
agem
ent p
olic
y am
ende
d
x
9 O
btai
n C
abin
et a
ppro
val f
or th
e po
licy
M
PCs&
LG, M
MD
&E
App
rova
l obt
aine
d x
x
10
Stre
ngth
en
inst
itutio
nal
coor
dina
tion
amon
g LA
s fo
r w
aste
se
greg
atio
n
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s In
stitu
tiona
l coo
rdin
atio
n st
reng
then
ed
x x
x
11
Con
duct
aw
aren
ess c
reat
ing
prog
ram
mes
at t
he h
ouse
hold
leve
l M
PCs&
LG, L
As
Num
ber o
f aw
aren
ess
crea
tion
prog
ram
mes
x
x x
12
Con
duct
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g pr
ogra
mm
es fo
r wor
kers
M
PCs&
LG, M
VE,
SL
ILG
N
umbe
r of c
apac
ity
build
ing
prog
ram
mes
co
nduc
ted
x x
x
65
13
Esta
blis
h ap
prop
riate
in
fras
truct
ure
with
in
tere
sted
se
ctor
pa
rtici
patio
n as
nee
ded
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s N
umbe
r of
adve
rtise
men
ts, n
otic
es
and
call
for b
ids
x x
x
14
Intro
duce
and
am
end
nece
ssar
y le
gal f
ram
ewor
k an
d in
stru
men
ts
to in
itiat
e M
BIs
M
PCs&
LG, M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f MB
I ini
tiate
d
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-2
2. In
trod
uce
and
impr
ove
a co
mpo
st p
repa
ratio
n sy
stem
for
each
Loc
al A
utho
rity
and
incr
ease
pro
duct
ion
of ‘s
oil
cond
ition
er’ f
or a
gric
ultu
ral p
urpo
ses b
y pr
ovid
ing
faci
litie
s to
cont
rol t
he q
ualit
y of
com
post
and
intr
oduc
e a
mar
ket f
or c
ompo
st p
rodu
ct
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Fi
nd o
ut n
atio
nal a
nd e
xter
nal r
esou
rces
for c
ompo
stin
g an
d id
entif
y co
mpo
st si
tes a
t LA
s lev
els
MPC
s&LG
N
umbe
r of s
ites i
dent
ified
N
umbe
r of r
esou
rces
id
entif
ied
x x
x
2 Id
entif
y te
chni
cal k
now
-how
and
hum
an c
apac
ities
for t
he
prep
arat
ion
of c
ompo
stin
g (M
EQ)
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s N
umbe
r of t
rain
ings
co
nduc
ted
x x
x
5 Id
entif
y re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent n
eeds
for
com
post
ing
MO
A, S
LLR
DC
G
ap a
naly
sis r
epor
t x
6 C
reat
e a
mec
hani
sm to
est
ablis
h a
labo
rato
ry to
che
ck th
e qu
ality
of
com
post
pr
oduc
ed
LA, P
rivat
e se
ctor
an
d ot
her
stak
ehol
ders
Labo
rato
ry e
stab
lishe
d x
x x
7 Es
tabl
ish
a ce
rtific
atio
n se
rvic
e fo
r fer
tiliz
er
MO
A
Num
ber o
f cer
tific
atio
ns
give
n
8 C
ondu
ct a
sses
smen
ts o
f exi
stin
g co
mpo
st si
tes
CEA
N
umbe
r of a
sses
smen
ts
com
plet
ed
9 Id
entif
y ga
ps in
the
curr
ent s
yste
m
MPC
s&LG
, In
tere
sted
st
akeh
olde
r gro
ups
Num
ber o
f gap
s ide
ntifi
ed
x
10
Iden
tify
and
reco
gniz
e in
divi
dual
s, co
mm
uniti
es a
nd c
ham
pion
s en
gage
d in
the
best
com
post
ing
prac
tices
M
PCs&
LG, L
As
Prov
isio
n of
aw
ards
and
fin
anci
al in
cent
ives
x
x x
11
Upd
ate
the
web
site
info
rmat
ion
syst
em o
n co
mpo
stin
g at
LA
s M
PCs&
LG,
Prov
inci
al C
ounc
ils
Num
ber o
f arti
cles
pu
blis
hed
x x
x
12
Con
duct
trai
ning
and
aw
aren
ess p
rogr
amm
es f
or c
ompo
stin
g M
PCs&
LG
Num
ber o
f aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
mes
con
duct
ed
x x
x
66
13
Sens
itize
and
pro
vide
wor
ker w
elfa
re a
nd sa
fety
incl
udin
g su
itabl
e m
ater
ial
MPC
s&LG
, MoH
N
umbe
r of s
afet
y m
ater
ial
prep
ared
14
Dis
tribu
te fr
ee c
ompo
st b
ins
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s N
umbe
r of b
ins
dist
ribut
ed
x x
x
15
Set G
HG
redu
ctio
n ta
rget
s M
MD
&E
Iden
tifie
d ta
rget
s, te
chni
cal r
epor
t
x
16
Ana
lyze
MA
CC
(Mar
gina
l Aba
tem
ent C
ost C
urve
) M
PCs&
LG a
nd
expe
rt pa
nel
Num
ber o
f of t
echn
olog
y pr
iorit
ized
x
17.
Intro
duce
suita
ble
ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es to
enc
oura
ge g
reen
in
itiat
ives
in c
ompo
stin
g
MPC
s&LG
, Pr
ovin
cial
Cou
ncils
A
war
ds p
rovi
ded,
num
ber
of in
divi
dual
s pro
vide
d in
cent
ives
x x
x
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-3
3. D
evel
op o
pen
dum
ping
site
s int
o sa
nita
ry la
ndfil
l site
s A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Prio
ritiz
e ac
tiviti
es re
late
d to
sele
ctio
n of
ope
n du
mpi
ng si
tes t
o be
con
verte
d to
sani
tary
land
fill
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of s
ites
prio
ritiz
ed
x
2 Id
entif
y si
tes
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of s
ites i
dent
ified
x
x
3 C
ondu
ct fe
asib
ility
stud
ies a
nd id
entif
icat
ion
of te
chno
logy
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f fea
sibi
lity
stud
ies c
ondu
cted
x x
4 M
onito
r and
eva
luat
e th
e pr
oces
s M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f pro
gram
mes
m
onito
red
& e
valu
ated
x x
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-4
4. In
trod
uce
ener
gy g
ener
atio
n by
was
te (w
aste
to e
nerg
y pr
ogra
mm
es)
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y na
tiona
l and
ext
erna
l sup
port
incl
udin
g in
fras
truct
ure
faci
litie
s for
ene
rgy
gene
ratio
n by
was
te
MPC
s&LG
N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
ex
tern
al su
ppor
t pro
vide
rs
x x
x
2 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e se
greg
atio
n po
ints
for d
iffer
ent w
aste
cat
egor
ies
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
se
greg
atio
n po
ints
x
x x
3 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e c
olle
ctio
n po
ints
for d
iffer
ent w
aste
cat
egor
ies
M
PCs&
LG, L
As
Num
ber o
f col
lect
ion
poin
ts id
entif
ied
x x
x
4 U
pdat
e an
d ed
it co
llect
ion
syst
ems a
s nee
ded
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s Pl
an fo
r col
lect
ion
syst
em
x x
x 5
Iden
tify
and
fill g
aps o
f the
cur
rent
syst
em
Min
istry
of P
Cs,
LAs
Num
ber o
f gap
s ide
ntifi
ed
x x
67
7 Id
entif
y in
fras
truct
ure
faci
litie
s M
inis
try o
f PC
s, LA
s Li
st o
f inf
rast
ruct
ure
faci
litie
s ava
ilabl
e x
8 C
ondu
ct a
feas
ibili
ty st
udy
on in
trodu
cing
ene
rgy
gene
ratio
n by
w
aste
M
PCs&
LG, L
A,
UD
A, I
TI
Num
ber o
f fea
sibi
lity
stud
ies c
ondu
cted
x
9.
Con
duct
a fe
asib
ility
stud
y of
pro
duci
ng b
ioga
s N
ERD
, SEA
,CEA
N
umbe
r of s
tudi
es
x
10
C
ondu
ct a
feas
ibili
ty st
udy
of p
rodu
cing
bio
ferti
lizer
from
by-
prod
ucts
of b
ioga
s N
ERD
, SEA
,CEA
N
umbe
r of s
tudi
es
x x
11
Dev
elop
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t on
was
te to
ene
rgy
M
P&R
E,SE
A,C
EA
Num
ber o
f res
earc
h st
udie
s x
12
Dev
elop
a d
atab
ase
on w
aste
to e
nerg
y
MP&
RE,
SEA
,CEA
, M
PCs&
LG
Num
ber o
f dat
abas
e es
tabl
ishe
d
13
Set t
he b
asel
ine
scen
ario
M
PCs&
LG
Bas
elin
e sc
enar
io
esta
blis
hed
x
14
Set G
HG
em
issi
on sc
enar
ios
M
PCs&
LG
GH
G e
mis
sion
scen
ario
s es
tabl
ishe
d
x x
15
Iden
tify
tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er n
eeds
M
P&R
E,SE
A,C
EA,
MPC
s&LG
N
umbe
r of t
echn
olog
ies
iden
tifie
d
x x
16
Avo
id d
oubl
e co
untin
g w
ith th
e en
ergy
sect
or IN
DC
s M
MD
&E,
M
P&R
E ,SE
A,C
EA,
MPC
s&LG
Ove
rlaps
iden
tifie
d x
x x
17
Eval
uate
succ
ess a
nd m
onito
r was
te-e
nerg
y pr
ojec
ts
MPC
s&LG
, LA
s, In
tere
sted
st
akeh
olde
rs, I
TI
Mon
itorin
g ba
sed
on
repo
rts fr
om L
As.
Fiel
d vi
sits
thro
ugh
the
offic
e of
th
e A
ssis
tant
C
omm
issi
oner
of L
ocal
G
ovts
, pub
licat
ions
, etc
x x
x
18
Iden
tify
poss
ible
fund
ing
sour
ces (
Gra
nts,
loan
s, et
c.)
Min
istry
of P
Cs
Num
ber f
undi
ng so
urce
s id
entif
ied
x x
x
68
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-5
5. Im
prov
e w
aste
col
lect
ion
mec
hani
sm
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
gaps
of c
urre
nt sy
stem
M
PCs&
LG, L
As
Num
ber o
f gap
s ide
ntifi
ed
x x
x 2
Iden
tify
suita
ble
segr
egat
ion
poin
ts fo
r diff
eren
t w
aste
cat
egor
ies
LA
s N
umbe
r of s
egre
gatio
n po
ints
x
x x
3 Id
entif
y w
aste
col
lect
ion
indu
strie
s for
diff
eren
t w
aste
cat
egor
ies
M
PCs&
LG, L
As
Num
ber o
f ind
ustri
es
iden
tifie
d x
x x
4 C
ondu
ct w
aste
map
ping
for t
he w
aste
col
lect
ing
syst
em
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of m
aps p
repa
red
x x
x
5 C
ondu
ct a
war
enes
s pro
gram
mes
for t
he g
ener
al
publ
ic a
nd sc
hool
chi
ldre
n M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber a
war
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es c
ondu
cted
x
x x
6 C
ondu
ct c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
pro
gram
mes
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f cap
acity
bu
ildin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
cond
ucte
d
x x
x
7 In
trodu
cing
was
te c
olle
ctio
n an
d tra
nspo
rt co
mpa
ctor
s M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f com
pact
ors
x x
x
8 Fo
rmul
ate
a w
aste
man
agem
ent p
olic
y
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
W
aste
Man
agem
ent
Polic
y pr
epar
ed
9 Id
entif
y in
fras
truct
ure
need
ed to
impl
emen
t the
INDC
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Infr
astru
ctur
e id
entif
ied
x x
W
aste
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
6 6.
Des
ign
and
impl
emen
t com
preh
ensi
ve so
lid w
aste
man
agem
ent s
trat
egie
s for
40%
-60%
of L
As b
efor
e 20
20
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
polic
y ga
ps in
the
curr
ent s
yste
m
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of p
olic
y ga
ps
iden
tifie
d x
2 Id
entif
y le
gal g
aps i
n th
e cu
rren
t sys
tem
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f leg
al g
aps
iden
tifie
d x
x
3 C
ondu
ct g
ap a
naly
sis o
f the
syst
em
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
G
ap a
naly
sis c
ondu
cted
x
x x
4 A
men
d re
leva
nt p
olic
ies
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of p
olic
ies
amen
ded
x x
x
69
5 C
ondu
ct a
stud
y on
the
life
cycl
e an
alys
is in
de
sign
ing,
man
ufac
turin
g, c
onsu
mpt
ion
and
disp
osal
of
the
prod
uct
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of l
ife c
ycle
s an
alys
ed
x x
6 Id
entif
y ke
y w
aste
sect
ors ,
key
pro
duct
s and
was
te
gene
ratin
g no
des
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of k
ey w
aste
se
ctor
s, pr
oduc
ts a
nd
was
te g
ener
atin
g no
des
iden
tifie
d
x x
7 Q
uant
ify th
e am
ount
of w
aste
for
inte
grat
ed so
lid
was
te m
anag
emen
t
MPC
s&LG
,CEA
A
mou
nt o
f was
te
gene
rate
d x
x x
8 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e la
nd fa
cilit
ies f
or d
ispo
sal
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of l
and
faci
litie
s id
entif
ied
x x
x
9 Pr
epar
e a
data
base
for r
elev
ant i
nfor
mat
ion
docu
men
ting
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
, SEA
D
atab
ase
prep
ared
x
x
14
Dev
elop
a M
RV
syst
em fo
r was
te se
ctor
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA,S
EA,
MM
D&
E A
MR
V sy
stem
es
tabl
ishe
d
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-7
7. M
onito
r w
aste
man
agem
ent a
ctiv
ities
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct a
surv
ey to
eva
luat
e th
e sy
stem
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA,S
EA, M
MD
&E
A S
urve
y co
nduc
ted
x x
2
Mon
itor t
he ta
rget
s to
be
achi
eved
M
PCs&
LG,C
EA,S
EA, M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f tar
gets
m
onito
red
x x
3 Q
uant
ify a
mou
nt o
f was
te f
or in
tegr
ated
solid
was
te
man
agem
ent
M
PCs&
LG,C
EA,S
EA,M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f was
te
quan
tifie
d x
x x
4 St
reng
then
inst
ruct
iona
l cap
acity
for
mon
itorin
g
MPC
s&LG
,CEA
,SEA
, MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of i
nstru
ctio
nal
capa
city
mon
itore
d x
x x
5 M
aint
ain
and
oper
ate
secu
re la
ndfil
l uni
ts a
nd k
eep
upda
ted
repo
rts
MPC
s&LG
,CEA
,SEA
, MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of s
ecur
e la
ndfil
l un
its u
pdat
ed
x x
x
6 Pr
epar
e w
aste
man
agem
ent p
lans
at t
he p
rovi
ncia
l le
vel
MPC
s&LG
,CEA
,SEA
, MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of w
aste
m
anag
emen
t pla
ns
prep
ared
x x
x
7 Pr
ovid
e in
put t
o u
pgra
de th
e sy
stem
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA, S
EA,
MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of i
nput
s im
plem
ente
d x
x x
70
8 Es
tabl
ish
a re
gula
r mon
itorin
g sy
stem
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f reg
ular
m
oni to
ring
syst
ems
esta
blis
hed
x x
x
9 Pr
ovid
e in
form
atio
n on
mun
icip
al a
nd h
azar
d w
aste
ge
nera
tion
and
rese
arch
focu
s ed
on w
aste
ch
arac
teriz
atio
n
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
W
aste
type
s ide
ntifi
ed
x x
x
10
Cre
ate
a m
echa
nism
for r
ecog
nizi
ng a
nd p
ublis
hing
R
&D
act
iviti
es, f
indi
ngs a
nd a
pplic
atio
ns
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
A
Mec
hani
sms e
stab
lishe
d x
x x
11
Faci
litat
e te
chno
logy
tran
sfer
thro
ugh
an a
dapt
ive
R&
D
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of t
echn
olog
ies
trans
ferr
ed
x x
x
12
Upd
ate
web
site
s
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of u
pdat
es
x x
x 13
In
culc
ate
soci
al re
spon
sibi
lity
and
ethi
cal b
ehav
ior
thro
ugh
educ
atio
n
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of a
war
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es c
ondu
cted
x
x x
Was
te S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-8
8. S
yste
mat
ic m
anag
emen
t of i
ndus
tria
l/haz
ardo
us a
nd c
linic
al w
aste
man
agem
ent
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y in
dust
rial/h
azar
dous
and
clin
ical
was
te
sour
ces
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of
indu
stria
l/haz
ardo
us a
nd
clin
ical
was
te so
urce
s id
entif
ied
x x
x
2 C
ondu
ct g
ap a
naly
sis o
f the
syst
em
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of g
aps i
dent
ified
x
x x
3 Fi
ll id
entif
ied
gaps
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f gap
s fill
ed
x x
x 4
Dev
elop
infr
astru
ctur
e
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of i
nfra
stru
ctur
e de
velo
ped
x x
x
5 D
evel
op a
eff
icie
nt c
olle
ctio
n sy
stem
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f col
lect
ion
syst
ems d
evel
oped
x
x x
6 C
reat
e a
mec
hani
sm fo
r rec
ogni
zing
and
pub
lishi
ng
R &
D a
ctiv
ities
, fin
ding
s and
app
licat
ions
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
A M
echa
nism
dev
elop
ed
x x
x
7 Fa
cilit
ate
tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er th
roug
h ad
aptiv
e R
&D
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f tra
nsfe
rred
te
chno
logi
es
x x
x
8 Pr
epar
e a
data
base
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Dat
abas
e in
pla
ce
x x
x 9
Dev
elop
the
MR
V sy
stem
s for
was
te
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
M
RV
syst
em e
stab
lishe
d x
x x
71
11
Min
imiz
e oc
cupa
tiona
l hea
lth h
azar
ds a
nd ri
sk
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
Pe
rcen
tage
of h
ealth
ha
zard
s min
imiz
ed
x x
x
12
Con
duct
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g pr
ogra
mm
es fo
r w
orke
rs
MPC
s&LG
, CEA
N
umbe
r of c
apac
ity
build
ing
prog
ram
mes
co
nduc
ted
x x
x
13
Upg
rade
regu
latio
ns a
nd g
uide
lines
on
indu
stria
l/haz
ardo
us a
nd c
linic
al w
aste
M
PCs&
LG, C
EA
Num
ber o
f gui
delin
es
upda
ted
x x
x
72
Adaptation
In addressing adverse impacts of climate change, adaptation is very important to developing countries. Climate adaptation is widely defined as actions taken to moderate, cope or take advantage of experienced or anticipated changes in the climate.
Adverse effects of climate change are becoming more frequent and intense and all countries are facing increased climate risks and adaptation needs. Paris Agreement and its relevant sections on adaptation present an unparalleled opportunity to elevate and advance climate adaptation. Accordingly, the Paris Agreement encouraged all parties to strengthen their cooperation on enhancing action on adaptation, taking into account Cancun Adaptation Framework (CAF) which could establish a clearer global vision for adaptation under the Convention; provide a framework for presenting national adaptation contributions to catalyse adaptation actions, streamline and enhance UNFCCC institutions; and mobilise resources to help particularly vulnerable developing countries to cope with climate impacts.
Adaptation measures are required to address the potential impacts of climate change. Proper adaptation can prevent losses and damages while creating a conducive environment for low carbon development. The Adaptation INDCs of Sri Lanka have been developed in consultation with relevant stakeholders, based on the National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (NCCAS) and the draft National Adaptation Plan for Climate Change Impacts in Sri Lanka (NAP). Consequently five major broader adaptation targets have been identified:
1. Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into national planning and development 2. Enabling climate resilient and healthy human settlements 3. Minimising climate change impacts on food security 4. Improving climate resilience of key economic drives 5. Safeguarding natural resources and biodiversity from climate change impacts
The most vulnerable eight sectors to adverse effects of climate change have been identified under the INDCs on the sectors relating to adaptation, including health, food security (agriculture, livestock and fisheries), water, irrigation, coastal and marine, biodiversity, tourism and recreation, and urban, city planning and human settlements.
73
74
75
76
Introduction Climate change is predicted to create significant impacts in the health sector. Studies around the world have revealed the possibility of increasing health hazards with the changing climate patterns. Vector borne diseases have been predicted to be a significant public health problem linked with impacts of climate change. Several countries have reported a rising number of fatalities due to heat waves disasters. Sri Lanka has reported relatively high achievements in the health sector compared with other developing nations. In spite of that, the country has recently experienced outbreaks of diseases which are closely connected with the environment and weather patterns. Seasonal outbreaks of Dengue are a prime example for this. Additionally, extreme weather conditions can lead to disasters causing injuries and fatalities. Sri Lanka has an ageing population which would particularly be vulnerable to climate related health hazards. Hence, serious efforts towards adaptation against potential health hazards associated with climate change need to be given high priority in the health sector.
1. INDCs of Health Sector
1. Establish clinical waste disposal systems to all hospitals in Sri Lanka in collaboration with relevant agencies 1.1 Establish solid clinical waste disposal systems 1.2 Establish liquid clinical waste disposal systems
2. Control of vector borne and rodent borne diseases (Dengue, Malaria, Leptospirosis) 2.1 Control of dengue 2.1.1 Improve the solid waste management system by local authorities including recycling
of non-degradable items 2.1.2 Implement integrated vector control methods 2.1.3 Redesign housing structures to prevent breeding of mosquitoes 2.1.4 Strengthen diseases and vector surveillance systems 2.2 Maintain the malaria-free status 2.2.1 Surveillance and screening of all forms of migrants from malaria endemic areas 2.2.2 Establish an early and rapid response system in the event of outbreaks 2.3 Control of Leptospirosis 2.3.1 Continue prophylactic treatment for farmers 2.3.2 Continue farmer education on prevention and prophylactic treatment 2.3.3 Continue the surveillance system including Global Positioning System (GPS). 2.4 Establish early warning systems for vector borne and rodent borne diseases using and
networking for information exchange on extreme weather events to reduce climate induced health impacts (in highly vector borne disease prone areas)
77
3 Control of food borne and water borne diseases including Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) such as Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown origin (CKDu) and mental diseases which can increase due to extreme heat and drought.
3.1 Strengthen/establish a laboratory system for analysis of chemicals including agrochemical residues and microbiology.
3.2 Strengthen the water quality surveillance system and strengthen the disease surveillance system
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy INDCs Number 1 Strengthen the clinical waste disposal system
to ensure proper management of waste 1, 1.1, 1.2
2 Enhance resilience to combat climate induced vector borne diseases
2, 2.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 2.2, 2.2.1, 2.2.2 2.3, 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3 2.4
3 Reduce food borne and water borne diseases including NCDs
3, 3.1, 3.2
78
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Hea
lth se
ctor
IND
Cs-
1 1.
E
stab
lish
clin
ical
was
te d
ispo
sal s
yste
ms f
or a
ll ho
spita
ls in
Sri
Lan
ka in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith r
elev
ant a
genc
ies
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct a
sses
smen
t on
the
clin
ical
was
te d
ispo
sal
syst
em in
Sri
Lank
a at
pre
sent
and
fina
lise
repo
rt M
inis
try o
f Hea
lth
(MoH
) Fi
nal r
epor
t 10
0%
2 D
evel
op a
pol
icy
on H
ealth
Car
e W
aste
Man
agem
ent
(HC
WM
) for
Sri
Lank
a M
oH
Fina
lised
pol
icy
on H
CW
M
75%
10
0%
3 D
evel
op a
n ac
tion
plan
for H
CW
M f
or S
ri La
nka
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed a
ctio
n pl
an o
n H
CW
M
75%
10
0%
4
Dev
elop
gui
delin
es f
or s
olid
and
liqu
id c
linic
al w
aste
m
anag
emen
t M
oH
Fina
lised
gui
delin
es fo
r clin
ical
solid
w
aste
man
agem
ent a
nd c
linic
al
liqui
d w
aste
man
agem
ent
50%
75
%
100%
5 A
sses
s fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed fi
nanc
ial p
lan
30%
10
0%
6
Cal
cula
te t
echn
olog
y re
quire
men
ts (
equi
pmen
t ne
eds
and
etc)
M
oH
Tech
nolo
gy n
eeds
ass
essm
ent r
epor
t 40
%
80%
10
0%
7 D
evel
op a
n im
plem
enta
tion
plan
on
HC
WM
M
oH
Fina
lised
im
plem
enta
tion
plan
on
HC
WM
40
%
80%
10
0%
8 C
ondu
ct R
&D
on
HC
WM
M
oH
Res
earc
h re
ports
40
%
70%
10
0%
9 D
evel
op a
mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
(M&
E) p
lan
for
HC
WM
M
oH
Fina
lised
M&
E pl
an fo
r HC
WM
40
%
70%
10
0%
10
Car
ry o
ut t
rain
ing
of s
taff
for
im
plem
enta
tion
and
mon
itorin
g of
the
syst
em
MoH
N
umbe
r of s
taff
trai
ned
Num
ber o
f tra
inin
g w
orks
hops
co
nduc
ted
30%
60
%
100%
11
Esta
blis
h st
anda
rds f
or e
fflu
ents
etc
. M
oH a
nd C
EA
Gaz
ette
stan
dard
s rel
ated
to fi
nal
disp
osal
of w
aste
30
%
60%
10
0%
79
Hea
lth se
ctor
IND
Cs-
2
2. C
ontr
ol o
f vec
tor
born
e an
d ro
dent
bor
ne d
isea
ses (
Den
gue,
Mal
aria
, Lep
tosp
iros
is e
tc.)
2.1 C
ontro
l of D
engu
e 2.
1.1
Impr
ove
solid
was
te m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s by
LAs i
nclu
ding
recy
clin
g of
non
-deg
rada
ble
item
s 2.
1.2
Impl
emen
t int
egra
ted
vect
or c
ontro
l met
hods
2.
1.3
Red
esig
n ho
usin
g st
ruct
ures
to p
reve
nt b
reed
ing
of m
osqu
itoes
2.
1.4
Stre
ngth
en d
isea
se a
nd v
ecto
r sur
veill
ance
syst
ems
2.2
Mai
ntai
n th
e m
alar
ia-f
ree
stat
us
2.2.
1 Su
rvei
llanc
e an
d sc
reen
ing
of a
ll fo
rms o
f mig
rant
s fro
m m
alar
ia e
ndem
ic a
reas
2.
2.2
Esta
blis
h ea
rly a
nd ra
pid
resp
onse
syst
ems i
n th
e ev
ent o
f out
brea
ks
2.3
Con
trol o
f Lep
tosp
irosi
s 2.
3.1
Con
tinue
pro
phyl
actic
trea
tmen
t for
farm
ers
2.3.
2 C
ontin
ue fa
rmer
edu
catio
n on
pre
vent
ion
and
prop
hyla
ctic
trea
tmen
t 2.
3.3
Con
tinue
the
surv
eilla
nce
syst
em in
clud
ing
GPS
2.
4 Es
tabl
ish
early
war
ning
syst
ems f
or v
ecto
r bor
ne a
nd ro
dent
bor
ne d
isea
ses u
sing
and
net
wor
king
for i
nfor
mat
ion
exch
ange
on
extre
me
wea
ther
eve
nts t
o re
duce
clim
ate
indu
ced
heal
th im
pact
s (in
hig
hly
vect
or b
orne
dis
ease
pro
ne
area
s)
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Stud
y th
e cu
rren
t pa
ttern
s of
vec
tor
born
e an
d ro
dent
bo
rne
dise
ases
in S
ri La
nka
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
80%
10
0%
2 St
reng
then
th
e ve
ctor
bo
rne
and
rode
nt
born
e su
rvei
llanc
e sy
stem
in S
ri La
nka
M
oH
Stre
ngth
ened
surv
eilla
nce
syst
em
40%
80
%
100%
3 St
reng
then
inte
r-se
ctor
al c
oord
inat
ion
with
LA
s and
the
Min
istry
of
Hea
lth a
t di
stric
t, pr
ovin
cial
and
nat
iona
l le
vel i
n re
latio
n to
solid
was
te m
anag
emen
t
MoH
N
umbe
r of s
teer
ing
com
mitt
ee
mee
tings
hel
d pe
r ann
um
100%
4 A
sses
s cr
itica
l fac
tors
for
con
trolli
ng
clim
ate-
indu
ced
vect
or a
nd ro
dent
bor
ne d
isea
se in
cide
nts
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
50
%
100%
5 Id
entif
y pl
ausi
ble
stra
tegi
es to
man
age
clim
ate-
indu
ced
dise
ase
inci
dent
s M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 50
%
100%
6 Pr
epar
e vu
lner
abili
ty m
aps
on c
limat
e re
late
d h
ealth
ha
zard
s
M
oH
Ava
ilabi
lity
of v
ulne
rabi
lity
map
s 50
%
100%
7 Im
plem
ent i
nteg
rate
d ve
ctor
con
trol m
etho
ds
MoH
A
vaila
bilit
y of
func
tioni
ng
inte
grat
ed v
ecto
r con
trol m
etho
ds
40%
80
%
100%
80
8 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f po
licie
s to
im
plem
ent
the
cont
rol o
f vec
tor a
nd ro
dent
bor
ne d
isea
ses
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
40%
70
%
100%
9 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy
of
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 50
%
100%
10
Prep
are
natio
nal g
uide
lines
on
rede
sign
ing
of b
uild
ing
stru
ctur
es to
pre
vent
bre
edin
g of
mos
quito
es
MoH
Pr
epar
ed n
atio
nal g
uide
lines
50
%
100%
11
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 40
%
80%
10
0%
12
Cal
cula
te
tech
nolo
gy r
equi
rem
ents
(eq
uipm
ent
need
s an
d et
c)
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
40%
80
%
100%
13
Prom
ote
R&
D o
n ve
ctor
bor
ne d
isea
ses
in r
elat
ion
to
clim
atic
fact
ors
MoH
N
umbe
r of r
esea
rch
stud
ies
cond
ucte
d 40
%
80%
10
0%
14
Prep
are
stra
tegi
c pl
ans
for
cont
rolli
ng v
ecto
r bo
rne
dise
ases
M
oH
Fina
lised
stra
tegi
c pl
ans
70%
10
0%
15
Con
duct
res
earc
h st
udie
s to
ass
ess
the
im
pact
of
clim
ate
chan
ge o
n pr
eval
ence
and
spre
ad o
f
- V
ecto
r bor
ne d
isea
ses
- C
limat
e in
duce
d co
mm
unic
able
dis
ease
s
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
sear
ch re
ports
40
%
75%
10
0&
16
Esta
blis
h a
mec
hani
sm f
or s
harin
g m
eteo
rolo
gica
l ,
clin
ical
and
ent
omol
ogic
al in
form
atio
n M
oH
Esta
blis
hed
mec
hani
sm
50%
10
0
17
Prom
otio
n of
R
&D
on
ve
ctor
m
anag
emen
t us
ing
indi
geno
us p
lant
s In
dige
nous
Med
icin
e Fi
nalis
ed re
sear
ch st
udie
s 50
%
70%
10
0%
81
Hea
lth se
ctor
IND
Cs-
3
3. C
ontr
ol o
f foo
d bo
rne
and
wat
er b
orne
dis
ease
s inc
ludi
ng N
on C
omm
unic
able
Dis
ease
s suc
h as
Chr
onic
Kid
ney
Dis
ease
of u
nkno
wn
orig
in a
nd m
enta
l dis
ease
s whi
ch c
an in
crea
se d
ue to
ext
rem
e he
at a
nd d
roug
ht
3.1
Stre
ngth
en/ e
stab
lish
a la
bora
tory
syst
em fo
r ana
lysi
s of c
hem
ical
s inc
ludi
ng a
groc
hem
ical
resi
dues
and
m
icro
biol
ogy
3.2
Stre
ngth
en th
e w
ater
qua
lity
surv
eilla
nce
syst
em a
nd d
isea
se su
rvei
llanc
e sy
stem
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Stud
y th
e cu
rren
t sta
tus o
f foo
d bo
rne
and
wat
er b
orne
di
seas
es in
clud
ing
clim
ate
sens
itive
NC
Ds
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
70%
10
0%
2 R
isk
pred
ictio
n on
CK
DU
con
side
ring
clim
atic
fact
ors
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
60%
10
0%
3 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch st
udie
s on
heat
/ther
mal
stre
ss o
n hu
man
hea
lth
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
50%
10
0%
4 Id
entif
y an
d as
sess
-D
iagn
ostic
tool
s and
trea
tmen
t pro
cedu
res
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
60%
10
0%
5 In
crea
se p
ublic
aw
aren
ess o
n he
alth
risk
s of i
ncre
asin
g te
mpe
ratu
res
MoH
N
umbe
r of s
essi
ons c
ondu
cted
50
%
70%
10
0%
6 D
evel
op d
isas
ter r
isk
prep
ared
ness
gui
delin
es f
or
heal
th w
orke
rs in
vul
nera
ble
area
s M
oH
Fina
lised
gui
delin
es
60%
10
0%
7 In
crea
se th
e kn
owle
dge
and
awar
enes
s on
heal
th
impa
cts o
f ext
rem
e w
eath
er e
vent
s/ h
eat e
vent
s am
ong
publ
ic h
ealth
staf
f
MoH
N
umbe
r of s
essi
ons c
ondu
cted
50
%
70%
10
0%
8 Im
prov
e co
ordi
natio
n be
twee
n di
sast
er m
anag
emen
t an
d he
alth
man
agem
ent a
genc
ies
MoH
N
umbe
r of m
eetin
gs h
eld
per
annu
m
100%
9 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t the
re
leva
nt IN
DC
s M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 80
%
100%
10
Prep
are
plan
s to
stre
ngth
en a
naly
tical
faci
litie
s in
the
heal
th se
ctor
M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 50
%
70%
10
0%
11
Des
ign
a pl
an to
stre
ngth
en th
e w
ater
qua
lity
surv
eilla
nce
syst
em
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed p
lan
50%
70
%
100%
12
Cal
cula
te fi
nanc
ial r
equi
rem
ents
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs i
dent
ified
und
er th
is a
rea
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed re
port
70%
10
0%
82
13
Cal
cula
te t
echn
olog
y re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds
and
etc)
M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 70
%
100%
14
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs i
n al
l thr
ee a
reas
M
oH
Fina
lised
pla
n 70
%
100%
15
Prep
are
the
Bill
of Q
uant
ity (B
oQ) f
or th
e pl
an
MoH
Fi
nalis
ed B
oQ
70%
10
0%
16
A
sses
s crit
ical
fact
ors f
or c
ontro
lling
clim
ate-
indu
ced
dise
ase
inci
dent
s M
oH
Fina
lised
repo
rt 60
%
100%
17
Iden
tify
plau
sibl
e st
rate
gies
for m
anag
emen
t of
clim
ate -
indu
ced
dise
ase
inci
dent
s and
nat
ural
dis
aste
rs
with
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
MoH
A
repo
rt w
ith id
entif
ied
stra
tegi
es
60%
10
0%
83
Food Security Food Security is one of the most vulnerable areas to adverse effects of climate change in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka’s INDCs on food security consist of three major areas. These are agriculture, livestock and fisheries. Climate change will affect these areas through the impacts it has on food security, food availability, food accessibility, food utilization and food system stability. It will also impact human life in many ways, including human health, livelihoods assets, food production and distribution channels as well as changing purchasing power and market flow.
Adverse effects of climate change will have both short term as well as long term implications. Short term impacts resulting from more frequent and more intense extreme weather events, and long term impacts caused by changing temperature and precipitation patterns.
Sri Lanka as an agriculture based country faces greater consequences of extreme weather events due to temperature rise in the dry zone and higher precipitation in the wet zone, as well as changing of seasonal rainfall patterns on both zones, the dry and wet zones. Livelihood systems those are already vulnerable to food insecurity face immediate risk of increased crop failure, net pattern of pests and diseases, lack of appropriate seeds and planting materials, and loss of livestock.
Coastal communities depend on fisheries and fish farmers involved in aquaculture are already profoundly affected by climate change wherein rising sea levels, ocean acidification and floods are among impacts that are felt. Climate change is modifying the distribution and productivity of marine and fresh water species and is already affecting biological processes and altering food webs. The impacts this has on sustainability of aquatic ecosystem for fisheries and aquaculture are highly adverse.
84
85
86
Introduction
Sri Lanka is an agriculture based country with agriculture remaining a key component of the economy as well as the island’s cultural base. It is also one of the key sectors on which the impacts of climate change have adverse effects. Agriculture, especially crop production, is highly dependent on the prevailing weather conditions and therefore is highly sensitive to climate change, both short-term and long-term. It is imperative that a well-coordinated and sustained effort is set in motion to increase the capacity of Sri Lankan agriculture to adapt to short and long-term impacts of climate change. In order to reach this, a clear policy framework identifying the measures to be pursued and the roles of different stakeholders is needed for allocating and channeling the necessary financial and human resources for successful adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sector.
1. INDCs of Agriculture Sector
1. Promote/introduce/develop Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices to minimize pest damages to improve environmental impacts and health
1.1 Introduce environmentally friendly bio-degradable pesticides for IPM. 1.2 Introduce /promote/develop suitable bio-pesticides and bio control agents for IPM. 1.3 Introduce /promote/develop post-harvest management with environmentally friendly technology packages.
2. Develop/introduce varieties resistant/tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses arising from climate change
2.1 Introduce/promote/develop heat tolerant varieties 2.2 Introduce/promote/develop drought tolerant varieties 2.3 Introduce /promote/ develop flood tolerant varieties 2.4 Introduce /promote/ develop salt tolerant varieties 2.4 Develop and promote mature varieties
3. Re-demarcating Agro Ecological Regions (AERS) maps of Sri Lanka with current climate and future climate and recommend appropriate crops for different areas to reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts.
4. Introduce suitable land and water management practices for central highlands and other marginal areas to minimize land degradation and to improve the land and water productivity.
4.1. Adaptation of Soil Conservation Act to sustain land productivity.
87
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy INDCs Number
1 Enhance crop resilience for pest through IPM practices 1 2 Develop/introduce resistant/tolerant crop varieties for
climate induced damages 2
3 Combating climate damages and impacts on agriculture through updating of Agro Ecological Zones (AEZ), and identify the best climate zones for different crops, and identify best possible times
3
4 Enhance the land and water management practices in central highlands and other marginal areas
4
88
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Agr
icul
ture
sect
or IN
DC
s-1
1. P
rom
ote/
intr
oduc
e/de
velo
p IP
M p
ract
ices
to m
inim
ise
pest
dam
ages
to im
prov
e en
viro
nmen
tal i
mpa
cts
and
heal
th
1.1
Intro
duce
env
ironm
enta
lly fr
iend
ly b
io d
egra
dabl
e pe
stic
ides
for I
PM
1.2
Intro
duce
/pro
mot
e/de
velo
p su
itabl
e bi
o pe
stic
ides
and
bio
con
trol a
gent
s for
IPM
1.
3 In
trodu
ce /p
rom
ote/
deve
lop
post
-har
vest
man
agem
ent w
ith e
nviro
nmen
tally
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gy p
acka
ges
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Con
duct
rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t stu
dies
to d
evel
op IP
M
prac
tices
D
OA
, CR
I, R
RI,
TRI,
Uni
vers
ities
N
umbe
r of p
acka
ges
2 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e ar
eas
and
pack
age
of
prac
tices
fo
r di
ffer
ent c
rops
D
OA
, cro
p in
stitu
tes,
DA
D
Num
ber o
f cro
ps
iden
tifie
d
3 Id
entif
y pr
oduc
tion
faci
litie
s and
form
ulat
ions
D
OA
, priv
ate
sect
or
Num
ber o
f pr
oduc
ts/fo
r mul
atio
ns
4 Id
entif
y th
e tra
nspo
rt an
d st
orin
g m
echa
nism
D
OA
, priv
ate
sect
or
Ade
quat
e st
orag
e an
d tra
nspo
rt
5 Pr
oduc
e an
d su
pply
requ
ired
amou
nt o
f ing
redi
ents
M
OA
, DO
A, p
rivat
e se
ctor
A
dequ
acy
of ra
w m
ater
ial
6
Dev
elop
app
licat
ion
mod
els
DO
A, c
rop
inst
itute
s N
umbe
r of d
evel
oped
m
odel
s
7 Es
tabl
ish
the
mar
ket m
echa
nism
for t
he p
ropo
sed
prod
ucts
D
OA
, MO
A, p
rivat
e se
ctor
W
ell e
stab
lishe
d m
arke
t st
ruct
ure
8 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to
im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
and
amen
dmen
t of p
olic
ies i
f nee
ded
MO
A, M
MD
&E
Su
rvey
resu
lts
9 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s M
OA
, DO
A, c
rop
inst
itute
s Su
rvey
resu
lts
10
Iden
tify
the
adeq
uacy
of
in
stitu
tiona
l ca
paci
ty
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
MD
&E,
MO
A, D
OA
Id
entif
ied
capa
city
bu
ildin
g ne
ed
11
Cal
cula
te
tech
nolo
gy r
equi
rem
ents
(eq
uipm
ent n
eeds
and
et
c)
MM
D&
E, M
OA
, DO
A
Tech
nolo
gy n
eeds
id
entif
ied
12
Cal
cula
te
fin
anci
al
requ
irem
ents
(c
ondi
tiona
l an
d un
cond
ition
al)
MM
D&
E, M
OA
, DO
A
Fina
ncia
l nee
ds id
entif
ied
89
13
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
MD
&E,
MO
A, D
OA
Fi
naliz
ed p
lan
impl
emen
ted
14
Prep
are
the
BoQ
for t
he P
lan
MM
D&
E, M
OA
, DO
A
Prep
ared
BoQ
pla
n
Agr
icul
ture
sect
or IN
DC
s-2
2. D
evel
op/in
trod
uce
vari
etie
s res
ista
nt/to
lera
nt to
bio
tic a
nd a
biot
ic st
ress
es a
risi
ng fr
om c
limat
e ch
ange
2.
1 In
trodu
ce/p
rom
ote/
deve
lop
heat
tole
rant
var
ietie
s 2.
2 In
trodu
ce/p
rom
ote/
deve
lop
drou
ght t
oler
ant v
arie
ties
2.3
Intro
duce
/pro
mot
e/ d
evel
op fl
ood
tole
rant
var
ietie
s 2.
4 In
trodu
ce /p
rom
ote/
dev
elop
salt
tole
rant
var
ietie
s 2.
4 D
evel
op a
nd p
rom
ote
mat
ure
varie
ties
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
affe
cted
are
as a
nd re
ason
s for
cro
p da
mag
e an
d m
appi
ng
NR
MC
of D
OA
, LU
PPD
,DO
M,
Fina
lised
map
2 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent t
o de
velo
p va
rietie
s D
OA
, Cro
p In
stitu
tes
Num
ber o
f var
ietie
s de
velo
ped
3 C
arry
out
ado
ptab
ility
test
ing
in fa
rmer
s’ fi
elds
D
OA
, Cro
p In
stitu
tes,
PDoA
N
umbe
r of f
arm
ers
invo
lved
in d
iffer
ent A
ER
4 Es
tabl
ish
plan
ting
mat
eria
l/see
ds p
rodu
ctio
n fa
cilit
ies
DO
A, P
DoA
, priv
ate
sect
or
Ava
ilabi
lity
of c
ertif
ied
seed
s
5 Id
entif
y a
trans
port
and
stor
ing
mec
hani
sm
DO
A, p
rivat
e se
ctor
Pr
oper
tran
spor
t and
ad
equa
te st
orag
e
6 C
onse
rve
seed
s and
ger
mpl
asm
D
OA
C
onse
rved
num
ber o
f lin
es
7 D
evel
op th
e di
strib
utio
n m
odal
ity to
dis
sem
inat
e am
ong
affe
cted
are
as
DO
A, M
OA
Th
e lis
ts o
f see
ds
dist
ribut
ed
8 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
endm
ent o
f pol
icie
s if n
eces
sary
M
OA
, DO
A
Fina
lized
pol
icy
anal
ysis
, an
d am
endm
ents
mad
e
9 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e in
stitu
tions
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s M
OA
N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
in
stitu
tions
90
10
Iden
tify
adeq
uacy
of i
nstit
utio
nal c
apac
ity to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s and
bui
ld c
apac
ity a
ccor
ding
ly
MO
A
Iden
tifie
d ca
paci
ty
build
ing
need
11
Cal
cula
te t
echn
olog
y re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds a
nd
etc)
D
OA
, priv
ate
sect
or, P
DoA
Te
chno
logy
nee
ds
iden
tifie
d
12
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) D
OA
, priv
ate
sect
or, P
DoA
Fi
nanc
ial n
eeds
iden
tifie
d
13
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
in-o
rder
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
MO
A, M
MD
&E,
DO
A
Fina
lized
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
14
Prep
are
the
BoQ
for t
he P
lan
MO
A
Prep
ared
BoQ
pla
n
15
Impr
ove
tech
nica
l cap
acity
of r
esea
rch/
exte
nsio
n st
aff
MO
A, D
OA
, Cro
p in
stitu
tes,
univ
ersi
ties
Num
ber o
f cap
acity
bu
ildin
g pr
gram
mes
co
nduc
ted
Agr
icul
ture
sect
or IN
DC
s-3
3. R
e-de
mar
catin
g A
ER
map
s of
Sri
Lan
ka w
ith c
urre
nt c
limat
e an
d fu
ture
clim
ate,
and
rec
omm
end
appr
opri
ate
crop
s for
diff
eren
t are
as to
red
uce
vuln
erab
ility
to c
limat
e ch
ange
impa
cts
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Stud
y th
e cu
rren
t sta
tus o
f AER
s and
find
the
gaps
N
RM
C (D
OA
), D
OM
Id
entif
ied
tech
nica
l gap
s in
AER
s
2 C
ondu
ct th
e st
udie
s and
col
lect
the
requ
ired
info
rmat
ion
DO
A
Ava
ilabl
e da
ta
Esta
blis
h sp
atia
l and
tem
pora
l var
iatio
n of
dro
ught
and
flo
ods b
ased
on
AEZ
s D
OA
Fi
nalis
ed m
aps
3 Pu
rcha
se re
leva
nt d
ata
such
as s
atel
lite
imag
es a
nd
rain
fall
data
D
OA
, DO
M
Ava
ilabl
e da
ta
4 A
naly
se d
ata
D
OA
C
ompl
eted
ana
lysi
s
5 Pr
epar
e sa
mpl
e m
aps
DO
A
Fina
lised
map
s
6 C
ondu
ct v
alid
atio
n st
udie
s D
OA
, PD
oA
Succ
essf
ul p
rodu
ctio
n
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
DO
A, M
OA
Po
licy
anal
ysis
repo
rt
8
Iden
tify
pol
icy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
DO
A, M
OA
, R
evis
ed p
olic
ies
9 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
OA
, DO
A, M
MD
&E
N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
in
stitu
tions
91
10
Iden
tify
adeq
uacy
of i
nstit
utio
nal c
apac
ity to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s and
bui
ld c
apac
ity a
ccor
ding
ly
MO
A, M
MD
&E
Iden
tifie
d ca
paci
ty
build
ing
need
s
11
Cal
cula
te te
chno
logy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
and
et
c)
MO
A, D
OA
Te
chno
logy
nee
ds
iden
tifie
d
12
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) M
OA
, DO
A
Fina
ncia
l nee
ds id
entif
ied
13
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MO
A, D
OA
Fi
naliz
ed p
lan
14
Prep
are
the
BoQ
for t
he P
lan
MO
A, D
OA
Pr
epar
ed B
oQ p
lan
Agr
icul
ture
sect
or IN
DC
s-4
4. In
trod
uce
suita
ble
land
and
wat
er m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es fo
r ce
ntra
l hig
hlan
ds a
nd o
ther
mar
gina
l are
as to
m
inim
ize
land
deg
rada
tion
and
to im
prov
e th
e la
nd a
nd w
ater
pro
duct
ivity
4.
1. A
dapt
atio
n of
Soi
l Con
serv
atio
n A
ct to
sust
ain
land
pro
duct
ivity
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y de
grad
ed la
nds a
nd v
ulne
rabl
e ar
eas f
or
degr
adat
ion
and
map
ping
N
RM
C(D
OA
) N
umbe
r of h
ecta
res o
f la
nd id
entif
ied
2 C
alcu
late
targ
et a
reas
to b
e co
vere
d th
roug
h th
e IN
DC
s D
OA
, PD
oA
Exte
nt Id
entif
ied
3
Iden
tify
inst
itutio
nal c
olla
bora
tion
gaps
for
impl
emen
tatio
n of
IND
Cs
DO
A
Num
ber o
f gap
s id
entif
ied
4 D
evel
op su
itabl
e m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es th
roug
h re
sear
ch
DO
A
Num
ber o
f pac
kage
s
5 R
un th
e pi
lot a
pplic
atio
n as
the
expe
rimen
t mod
el to
get
fe
edba
ck
DO
A, P
DoA
N
umbe
r of
dem
onst
ratio
n
6 Im
prov
e kn
owle
dge
on la
nd c
onse
rvat
ion
and
wat
er
man
agem
ent
DO
A, P
DoA
N
umbe
r of
offic
ers/
farm
ers t
rain
ed
7 Id
entif
y b
est l
and
and
wat
er m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es
DO
A, D
AD
,ID
Num
ber o
f pac
kage
s
8 Pr
ovid
e in
form
atio
n to
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
who
cu
ltiva
te in
the
cent
ral h
ighl
ands
and
oth
er m
argi
nal
land
s
DO
A, P
DoA
, Had
abim
a N
umbe
r of s
take
hold
ers
info
rmat
ion
rece
ived
9 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
endm
ent p
olic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
DO
A, M
OA
N
umbe
r of g
aps
iden
tifie
d, a
nd
amen
dmen
ts m
ade
92
10
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent
such
IND
Cs
DO
A, M
OA
N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
in
stitu
tions
11
Iden
tify
adeq
uacy
of i
nstit
utio
nal c
apac
ity to
impl
emen
t su
ch IN
DC
s and
bui
ld c
apac
ity a
ccor
ding
ly
DO
A, M
OA
Id
entif
ied
capa
city
bu
ildin
g ne
eds
12
Cal
cula
te te
chno
logy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
and
et
c)
DO
A, M
OA
Te
chno
logy
nee
ds
iden
tifie
d
13
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) D
OA
, MO
A
Fina
ncia
l nee
ds
iden
tifie
d
14
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
DO
A, M
OA
Fi
naliz
ed p
lan
15
Prep
are
the
BoQ
for t
he P
lan
DO
A, M
OA
Pr
epar
ed B
oQ p
lan
93
94
95
96
Introduction Livestock is an integral part of the agricultural economy in Sri Lanka and it enhances food security, reduces malnutrition and poverty. There are approximately 500,000 families directly engaged in the livestock sector in dairy, poultry, goat, swine and other livestock. Dairy industry is earmarked as the priority area for investment and development in the livestock sector. The development programs launched by the Ministry of Livestock and Rural Community Development enabled the country to reach 40% self-sufficiency in local milk production. There is an increase of milk production by 15.85 % from 258.3 million litres in 2011 to 299.25 million litres in 2012.Collection of milk also has increased by 27.7% from 143.7 million litres in 2011 to 183.58 million litres in 2012.
A major driving factor of dynamics in livestock of Sri Lanka appears to be climatic variability. The rising temperature and uncertainties in rainfall associated with global warming are likely to increase the frequency and magnitude of climate variability and extremes. Further, changes in climate would also increase the risk of unexpected changes in nature and environment. The key risks from climate change to livestock are increased incidence of drought, flood and heat that impact the livestock and the livestock industry. In this context, Sri Lanka identified the following INDCs for the livestock sector in order to build resilience in the livestock sector to meet adverse impacts of climate change.
1. INDCs of Livestock Sector
1. Identify vulnerabilities in the livestock sector 1.1 Establish data on vulnerabilities to climate change
1.1.1 Identify vulnerabilities in livestock species 1.1.2 Identify vulnerabilities in agro-climate areas 1.1.3 Identify vulnerabilities in farming communities 1.1.4 Identify vulnerabilities in production systems 1.1.5 Identify vulnerabilities in processing pathways
2. Introduce adoptive measures to avoid or minimize adverse effects 2.1 Identify adverse impacts on animal production systems
2.1.1 Identify specific adverse impacts on animal production systems 2.2 Identify adverse impacts on processing
2.2.1 Identify stage-wise adverse effects on processing 2.3 Collect and conserve traditional knowledge and practices
2.3.1 Conduct and disseminate surveyed results to stakeholders 2.4 Introduce technological innovations
2.4.1 Encourage innovations 2.4.2 Disseminate knowledge on technological innovation through extension
3. Mitigate GHG emissions by adopting smart and green livestock practices 3.1 Introduce alternative measures to minimise adverse effects of climate change
3.1.1 Identify alternative measures to minimise adverse effects of climate change
97
3.1.2 Disseminate knowledge 3.2 Explore potential clean and renewable energy sources for livestock related activities
3.2.1 Identify potential clean & renewable energy sources 3.2.2 Increase accessibility to alternative energy services
3.3 Adapt integrated waste management systems 4. Promote responsible consumption and sustainable production
4.1 Promote green livestock procedures & processing techniques 4. 1.1 Conduct promotional programs to popularise green livestock procedures & processing techniques
4.2 Promote consumption of green livestock produce 4.2.1 Conduct promotional programmes for consumption of green livestock produce
5. Enhance education, awareness and capacity building 5.1 Conduct awareness & educational programmes on smart green livestock activities
5.1.1 Introduce smart green livestock activities 5.1.2 Promote smart green livestock activities
5.2 Promote emerging green technologies 5.3 Identify and encourage the exchange of novel technologies
Note Newly proposed INDCs
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy INDCs Number 1 Enhance feeding practices by considering agro climatic zones
in Sri Lanka 1
2 Reduce GHG generation through waste management practices 2 3 Enhance soil fertility by proper livestock management 3 4 Introduce climate tolerant breeding varieties 4 5 Reduce diseases related to climate change on livestock 5 6 Establish early warning systems to combat hazard to livestock
and poultry 6
98
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Liv
esto
ck se
ctor
IND
Cs-
1
1.Id
entif
y vu
lner
abili
ties i
n th
e liv
esto
ck se
ctor
1.
1 Es
tabl
ish
data
on
vuln
erab
ilitie
s to
clim
ate
chan
ge
1.1.
1 Id
entif
y vu
lner
abili
ties i
n liv
esto
ck sp
ecie
s 1.
1.2
Iden
tify
vuln
erab
ilitie
s in
agro
-clim
ate
area
s 1.
1.3
Iden
tify
vuln
erab
ilitie
s in
farm
ing
com
mun
ities
1.
1.4
Iden
tify
vuln
erab
ilitie
s in
prod
uctio
n sy
stem
s 1.
1.5
Iden
tify
vuln
erab
ilitie
s in
proc
essi
ng p
athw
ays
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Con
duct
a b
asel
ine
surv
ey
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f stu
dies
con
duct
ed
22
2 2
2 Id
entif
y vu
lner
abili
ties
DA
PH/P
DoA
N
umbe
r of v
ulne
rabi
litie
s id
entif
ied
2 0
0
2 M
appi
ng &
repo
rting
D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of r
epor
ts p
rodu
ced
4 1
1
3 D
isse
min
atio
n of
info
rmat
ion
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f sou
rces
for
diss
emin
atio
n 3
1 1
Tot
al
27
4 4
99
Liv
esto
ck se
ctor
IND
Cs-
2
2. In
trod
uce
adop
tive
mea
sure
s to
avoi
d or
min
imiz
e ad
vers
e ef
fect
s 2.
1 Id
entif
y ad
vers
e im
pact
s on
anim
al p
rodu
ctio
n sy
stem
s 2.
1.1
Iden
tify
spec
ific
adve
rse
impa
cts o
n an
imal
pro
duct
ion
syst
ems
2.2
Iden
tify
adve
rse
impa
cts o
n pr
oces
sing
2.
2.1
Iden
tify
stag
e-w
ise
adve
rse
effe
cts o
n pr
oces
sing
2.
3 C
olle
ct a
nd c
onse
rve
tradi
tiona
l kno
wle
dge
and
prac
tices
2.
3.1
Con
duct
and
dis
sem
inat
e su
rvey
ed re
sults
to st
akeh
olde
rs
2.4
Intro
duce
tech
nolo
gica
l inn
ovat
ions
2.
4.1
Enco
urag
e in
nova
tions
2.
4.2
Dis
sem
inat
e kn
owle
dge
on te
chno
logi
cal i
nnov
atio
n th
roug
h ex
tens
ion
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Con
duct
pilo
t stu
dies
to id
entif
y ad
vers
e im
pact
s of
clim
atic
cha
nge
on a
nim
al p
rodu
ctio
n sy
stem
s and
pr
oces
sing
cha
ins
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f stu
dies
con
duct
ed
2 0.
1 0.
05
2 C
ondu
ct d
escr
iptiv
e an
d an
alyt
ical
stud
ies b
ased
on
findi
ngs o
f the
pilo
t stu
dies
D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of s
tudi
es c
ondu
cted
5.
5 0.
5 0.
5
3 D
isse
min
ate
info
rmat
ion
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f mee
tings
con
duct
ed
1 1
1 4
Con
duct
surv
eys
to g
athe
r inf
orm
atio
n on
tra
ditio
nal k
now
ledg
e
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
con
duct
ed
1 0.
5 0.
5
5 Es
tabl
ish
faci
lity
to fa
cilit
ate
inno
vatio
ns
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f inn
ovat
ions
fa
cilit
ated
5
5 5
6 Pr
omot
e te
chno
logi
cal i
nnov
atio
ns is
land
wid
e
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f pro
gram
s con
duct
ed
0.5
0.5
0.5
7 D
isse
min
ate
info
rmat
ion
thro
ugh
exte
nsio
n D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of p
rogr
ams c
ondu
cted
0.
5 0.
5 0.
5 T
otal
15
.5
8.1
8.05
100
Liv
esto
ck se
ctor
IND
Cs-
3
3. M
itiga
te G
HG
em
issi
ons b
y ad
optin
g sm
art a
nd g
reen
live
stoc
k pr
actic
es
3.1
Intro
duce
alte
rnat
ive
mea
sure
s to
min
imis
e ad
vers
e ef
fect
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
3.1.
1 Id
entif
y al
tern
ativ
e m
easu
res t
o m
inim
ise
adve
rse
effe
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
3.1.
2 D
isse
min
ate
know
ledg
e
3.2
Expl
ore
pote
ntia
l cle
an a
nd re
new
able
ene
rgy
sour
ces f
or li
vest
ock
rela
ted
activ
ities
3.2.
1 Id
entif
y po
tent
ial c
lean
& re
new
able
ene
rgy
sour
ces
3.2.
2 In
crea
se a
cces
sibi
lity
to a
ltern
ativ
e en
ergy
serv
ices
3.
3 A
dapt
inte
grat
ed w
aste
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct d
escr
iptiv
e an
d an
alyt
ical
stu
dies
to g
athe
r al
tern
ativ
e m
easu
res
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f stu
dies
con
duct
ed
18
1.0
1.5
2 A
naly
se th
e al
tern
ativ
es a
nd se
lect
the
best
opt
ions
D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of o
ptio
ns a
naly
zed
3 C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng a
nd a
war
enes
s pro
gram
mes
D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of t
rain
ing
prog
ram
s co
nduc
ted
4 M
onito
r and
eva
luat
e al
tern
ate
prac
tices
D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of p
ract
ices
mon
itore
d an
d ev
alua
ted
5 Ex
plor
e ne
w p
oten
tial
clea
n &
ren
ewab
le e
nerg
y so
urce
s thr
ough
stud
ies
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f ide
ntifi
ed/p
rom
oted
re
new
able
ene
rgy
sour
ces
0.5
0.25
0.
25
6 Pr
omot
e ut
iliza
tion
of s
uita
ble
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y so
urce
s D
APH
/PD
APH
/MR
EA
7 C
ondu
ct im
pact
eva
luat
ion
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f cas
es c
ondu
cted
8
Stud
y th
e po
tent
ial o
f in
tegr
ated
was
te m
anag
emen
t sy
stem
s
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f stu
dies
con
duct
ed
13.0
5.
0 4.
5
Tot
al
31.5
6.
25
6.25
101
Liv
esto
ck se
ctor
IND
Cs-
4
4. P
rom
ote
resp
onsi
ble
cons
umpt
ion
and
sust
aina
ble
prod
uctio
n 4.
1 Pr
omot
e gr
een
lives
tock
pro
cedu
res &
pro
cess
ing
tech
niqu
es
4. 1
.1 C
ondu
ct p
rom
otio
nal p
rogr
ams t
o po
pula
rise
gree
n liv
esto
ck p
roce
dure
s & p
roce
ssin
g te
chni
ques
4.
2 Pr
omot
e co
nsum
ptio
n of
gre
en li
vest
ock
prod
uce
4.2.
1 C
ondu
ct p
rom
otio
nal p
rogr
amm
es fo
r con
sum
ptio
n of
gre
en li
vest
ock
prod
uce
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct p
rom
otio
nal p
rogr
amm
ess f
or g
reen
liv
esto
ck p
roce
dure
s D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of p
rogr
amm
es
cond
ucte
d 1.
0 0.
5 0.
5
2 C
ondu
ct p
rom
otio
nal p
rogr
amm
ess t
o pr
omot
e co
nsum
ptio
n of
gre
en li
vest
ock
prod
uce
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f pro
gram
mes
co
nduc
ted
2.0
1.0
1.0
Tot
al
3.0
1.5
1.5
Liv
esto
ck se
ctor
IND
Cs-
5
5. E
nhan
ce e
duca
tion,
aw
aren
ess a
nd c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
5.1
Con
duct
aw
aren
ess &
edu
catio
nal p
rogr
amm
es o
n sm
art g
reen
live
stoc
k ac
tiviti
es
5.1.
1 In
trodu
ce sm
art g
reen
live
stoc
k ac
tiviti
es
5.1.
2 Pr
omot
e sm
art g
reen
live
stoc
k ac
tiviti
es
5.2
Prom
ote
emer
ging
gre
en te
chno
logi
es
5.3
Iden
tify
and
enco
urag
e th
e ex
chan
ge o
f nov
el te
chno
logi
es
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Con
duct
aw
aren
ess a
nd p
rom
otio
nal p
rogr
amm
es
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f pro
gram
mes
co
nduc
ted
2.0
1.5
1.5
2 Id
entif
y th
e in
cide
nces
of u
sing
gre
en te
chno
logi
es
DA
PH/P
DA
PH
Num
ber o
f inc
iden
ces i
dent
ified
7.
0 5.
2 5.
2 3
Iden
tify
the
even
ts o
f usi
ng n
ovel
tech
nolo
gies
D
APH
/PD
APH
N
umbe
r of e
vent
s ide
ntifi
ed
20.0
10
.0
10.0
T
otal
29
.0
16.7
16
.7
Gra
nd T
otal
(Rs.
Mn)
84
.7
102
103
104
1. Marine environment and fisheries (Culture and Capture)
Sri Lanka’s coastal region supports almost one third of its total population, slightly more than 10% of its population depend on fishing or related activities for their livelihood. Ocean warming and acidification exert a profound impact on the sensitive marine habitats and fisheries. As the oceans warm up, the ideal water temperature for the species shifts, which could result in fish stock diminishing or moving to different areas. Ocean acidification would make it more difficult for shellfish, crabs, lobsters and corals to build calcium carbonate shells. This could cause diminishing of their stock and – in the case of corals; destroying the habitat.
Nearly all of Sri Lanka's reefs are located within 40 km from the coast, the coral reefs regenerated from 1998 bleaching is currently undergoing severe bleaching in the period between 2015-16. Primary produce, which are the base of food chain, are also susceptible to ocean warming, leading to a cascading impact on the fisheries. Warmer sea temperatures are also associated with the spread of invasive species and marine diseases, leading to possible forced migrations and even extinction of species. Ocean warming may result in exceeding the optimal range of tolerance of farmed food fish and ornamental fish. Furthermore, it may retard the growth and breeding pattern of culture species, while increasing the spread of diseases.
2. INDCs of Marine and fisheries (culture and capture) Sector
1. Establish a systematic monitoring system to assess ocean warming and acidification around Sri Lanka 1.1. Establish a national oceanographic data base. 1.2 Start required long term data collection programme to;
Monitor oceanographic parameters, including sea surface temperature Monitor impact of extreme meteorological events, including coastal flooding and drought on the inland/coastal environment and resources
Status of marine sensitive habitats, including coral reefs Fish stock and its distribution
1.3 Conduct laboratory/infield experiments to assess the impacts on fish maturity, breeding and growth
1.4 Acquire globally available technology for prediction and forecasting of ocean warming. 1.5 Enhance institutional capacity in monitoring of marine environment and resources,
assessing climate induced socioeconomic impacts, prediction and planning 2. Identify the impacts on capture fisheries, farmed food fish, ornamental fish species and
marine sensitive habitats. 2.1 Re-assess fish stocks periodically 2.2 Re-assess the status sensitive habitats periodically 2.3 Assess the impacts of extreme meteorological events on inland waters, source of
aquaculture
105
2.4 Develop culture species of high temperature and disease tolerance 2.5 Assess the impacts of climate change and climate change induced extreme events on the
socioeconomic status of the fishers and employed on fisheries related activities 3. Restore, conserve marine and inland fisheries resources
3.1 Develop marine fisheries resource management plans based on fish stock assessments 3.2 Identify breeding and spawning grounds/seasons for conservation 3.3 Conduct trial farming of new species 3.4 Identify mode of restoration of inland waters to continue/intensify aquaculture
4. Formulate tools for better management of inland/marine fisheries resources 4.1 Implement vessel monitoring system 4.2 Prohibit environmentally harmful fishing practices 4.3 Identify suitable marine/coastal sites for protection/conservations 4.4 Identify and introduce alternative livelihoods for fishermen and release stress on coastal
fisheries 4.5 Restore inland waters and raise their storage capacity to continue with aquaculture, even
during drought 4.6 Develop cascading water systems and transform seasonal reservoirs into perennial
reservoirs by interconnecting reservoirs and rivers to sustain aquaculture 4.7 Develop technology to intensify aquaculture practices 4.8. Promote rain water harvesting, especially among the coastal community to overcome
water crisis, including enhanced salt water intrusion 4.8 Promote mari-culture to overcome depleting coastal/marine fish resources
Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development is currently in the process of developing “National Fisheries Policy and Master Plan” under the Sri Lanka – Norway Bilateral Cooperation. The proposed activities would be appropriately included into short, medium and long term activities in the Fisheries Master Plan.
106
3. INDCs of Fisheries Sector
1. Establish fish barricade devices for each perennial reservoir to prevent fish escape, in consultation with the Irrigation Department. 1.1 Identify vulnerable perennial reservoirs 1.2 Identify barricades and planning 1.3 Implement planning.
2. Cryopreserve for stocking fish sperms for artificial breeding. 2.1 Identify suitable species 2.2 establish storage facilities for cryopreservation
3. Convert existing open breeding facilities into indoor facilities and design same as at inception of construction to control temperature impacts.
3.1 Identify suitable locations 3.2 Develop facilities
4. Introduce appropriate fish fingerlings stocking programme for stock enhancement for culture fisheries. 4.1 Identify new reservoirs 4.2 Capacity development for fingerling breeding suitable to environmental status
5. Develop temperature tolerant species to aquaculture and promote mari-culture. 5.1 Identify suitable species 5.2 Capacity development for research & development
6. Minimise aquatic pollution due to water scarcity in lagoons and inland water bodies 6.1 Identify present status of aquatic pollution levels 6.2 Identify pollutants that make water sector vulnerable 6.3 Capacity building for research & development 6.4 Design and conduct awareness programmes
7. Increase the production capabilities of fisheries, aquatic resources in lagoons. 7.1 Conduct stock assessment of lagoons 7.2 Conduct capacity assessment 7.3 Assess primary productivity 7.4 Assess water quality 7.5 Conduct awareness programmes
107
4. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
1
1.
Est
ablis
h of
fish
bar
rica
de d
evic
es fo
r ea
ch p
eren
nial
res
ervo
ir to
pre
vent
fish
esc
ape,
in
con
sulta
tion
with
Irri
gatio
n D
epar
tmen
t 1.
1 Id
entif
y vu
lner
able
per
enni
al re
serv
oirs
1.
2 Id
entif
y ba
rric
ades
and
pla
nnin
g 1.
3 Im
plem
ent p
lann
ing
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Stud
y th
e ex
istin
g si
tuat
ion
of th
e fis
h b
arric
ade
in S
L N
AQ
DA
Con
side
rabl
e nu
mbe
r of
re
serv
oirs
with
ba
rric
ade
de
vice
s are
es
tabl
ishe
d
2
Iden
tify
pote
ntia
l vul
nera
ble
rese
rvoi
rs a
nd p
eren
nial
re
serv
oirs
N
AQ
DA
x
3 D
esig
n th
e fis
h b
arric
ade
NA
QD
A
x
4
Run
the
pilo
t stu
dy a
nd g
et th
e fe
edba
ck o
n it
NA
QD
A
x
5
Iden
tify
polic
y ga
ps to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd
amen
dmen
t of p
olic
y if
nece
ssar
y N
AQ
DA
x
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s N
AQ
DA
x
7 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
AQ
DA
x
8 C
alcu
late
tec
hnol
ogy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
, etc
) N
AQ
DA
x
9 C
alcu
late
fina
ncia
l req
uire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
NA
QD
A
x
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A
x
11
Prep
are
the
BoQ
for t
he P
lan
NA
QD
A
x
12
Se
lect
suita
ble
cont
ract
or th
roug
h pr
ocur
emen
t pro
cess
N
AQ
DA
x
13
Con
stru
ctio
n w
orks
N
AQ
DA
x x
108
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
2 2.
Cry
opre
serv
e fo
r st
ocki
ng fi
sh sp
erm
s for
art
ifici
al b
reed
ing
2.1
Iden
tify
suita
ble
spec
ies
2.2
esta
blis
h st
orag
e fa
cilit
ies f
or c
ryop
rese
rvat
ion
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
valu
able
fish
spec
ies f
or a
rtific
ial b
reed
ing
N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
Fi
sh sp
erm
ban
k of
the
suita
ble
fish
spec
ies i
s lo
cate
d
x
2
Res
earc
h on
eff
ectiv
e br
eedi
ng te
chni
ques
N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
3 Es
tabl
ish
stor
age
faci
litie
s for
cry
opre
serv
atio
n in
se
lect
ed a
rea
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
x
4 Es
tabl
ish
com
mer
cial
cul
turin
g fa
cilit
ies
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
x
5
Con
duct
the
mon
itorin
g an
d fe
edba
ck se
ssio
n N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
6 Se
lect
the
poss
ible
are
as to
intro
duce
stoc
k an
d in
trodu
ctio
n
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
x
7 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
8 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
9 A
sses
s te
chno
logy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
, et
c)
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
x
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
x
12
Impl
emen
t the
pro
ject
N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x x
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
3
3. C
onve
rt e
xist
ing
open
bre
edin
g fa
cilit
ies
into
ind
oor
faci
litie
s an
d de
sign
sam
e as
at
ince
ptio
n of
con
stru
ctio
n to
con
trol
tem
pera
ture
impa
cts
3.
1 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e lo
catio
ns
3.2
Dev
elop
faci
litie
s
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Res
earc
h on
cur
rent
bre
edin
g lo
calit
ies
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
Ade
quat
e in
door
br
eedi
ng fa
cilit
ies a
re
x
2
Iden
tify
suita
ble
and
poss
ible
loca
tions
to in
trodu
ce
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
x
109
bree
ding
faci
litie
s es
tabl
ishe
d 3
Mai
ntai
n th
e ra
re a
nd im
porta
nt b
rood
stoc
k fo
r the
br
eedi
ng
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
x x
x
4 Im
plem
ent s
uita
ble
mec
hani
sm fo
r del
iver
y
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
x x
x 5
Iden
tify
the
adeq
uacy
of p
olic
ies t
o im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
x
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s N
AQ
DA
,NA
RA
x
7 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
AQ
DA
,NA
RA
x
8 A
sses
s te
chno
logy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
, et
c)
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
x
9 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
NA
QD
A,N
AR
A
x
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
in-o
rder
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A
x
11
Sele
ct a
suita
ble
bidd
er th
roug
h pr
ocur
emen
t pro
cess
N
AQ
DA
x
12
Impl
emen
t the
pro
ject
N
AQ
DA
x x
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
4
4. I
ntro
duce
app
ropr
iate
fish
fing
erlin
gs s
tock
ing
prog
ram
me
for
stoc
k en
hanc
emen
t for
cu
lture
fish
erie
s 4.
1 Id
entif
y ne
w re
serv
oirs
4.
2 C
apac
ity d
evel
opm
ent f
or fi
nger
ling
bree
ding
suita
ble
to e
nviro
nmen
tal s
tatu
s
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Res
earc
h on
cur
rent
bre
edin
g lo
calit
ies
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
App
ropr
iate
fish
fin
gerli
ng st
ocks
for
cultu
re fi
sher
ies a
re
avai
labl
e
x
2
Iden
tify
suita
ble
and
poss
ible
loca
litie
s to
impl
emen
t br
eedi
ng fa
cilit
ies
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A
x
3 M
aint
ain
the
rare
and
impo
rtant
bro
od-s
tock
for t
he
bree
ding
N
AQ
DA
x
4 Im
plem
ent s
uita
ble
mec
hani
sm fo
r del
iver
y
NA
QD
A
x
110
5 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s N
AQ
DA
x
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s N
AQ
DA
x
7 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
AQ
DA
x
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds,
etc)
N
AQ
DA
x
9 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
NA
QD
A
x
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A
x
11
Proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n N
AQ
DA
x x
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
5 5.
Dev
elop
tem
pera
ture
tole
rant
spec
ies t
o aq
uacu
lture
and
pro
mot
e m
ari-c
ultu
re
5.1
Iden
tify
suita
ble
spec
ies
5.2
Cap
acity
dev
elop
men
t for
rese
arch
& d
evel
opm
ent
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s on
fish
spec
ies
NA
RA
Te
mpe
ratu
re to
lera
nt
fish
spec
ies a
re
deve
lope
d fo
r bot
h th
e aq
uacu
lture
and
m
ari-c
ultu
re
x
2
Iden
tify
fish
spec
ies t
o be
dev
elop
ed a
s tol
eran
t var
ietie
s N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
3 D
evel
op to
lera
nt v
arie
ties
NA
QD
A
x
4
Esta
blis
h br
eedi
ng fa
cilit
ies
NA
QD
A
x
5
Intro
duce
var
ietie
s to
suita
ble
loca
tions
N
AQ
DA
x
6 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A
x
7
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A
x
8 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
AQ
DA
x
9 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds, e
tc)
NA
QD
A
x
10
C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
NA
QD
A
x
111
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
NA
QD
A
x
12
Proj
ect
impl
emen
tatio
n N
AQ
DA
x x
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
6
6. M
inim
ize
the
aqua
tic p
ollu
tion
due
to w
ater
scar
city
in la
goon
s and
inla
nds w
ater
bod
ies
6.1
Iden
tify
pres
ent s
tatu
s of a
quat
ic p
ollu
tion
leve
ls
6.2
Iden
tify
pollu
tant
s tha
t mak
e w
ater
sect
or v
ulne
rabl
e 6.
3 C
apac
ity b
uild
ing
for r
esea
rch
& d
evel
opm
ent
6.4
Des
ign
and
cond
uct a
war
enes
s pro
gram
mes
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
KPI
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct a
stud
y on
cur
rent
stat
us a
nd id
entif
y po
llutio
n am
ount
, gen
erat
ion
loca
tions
and
so
urce
s
NA
RA
A
quat
ic p
ollu
tion
due
to
wat
er sc
arci
ty in
lago
ons
and
inla
nd w
ater
bod
ies
are
min
imiz
ed
x
2 D
esig
n po
llutio
n re
duct
ion
prog
ram
mes
such
as
awar
enes
s N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
3 Es
tabl
ish
cont
rol m
echa
nism
s in
all t
he fi
shin
g so
urce
s suc
h as
lago
ons a
nd in
land
wat
er
bodi
es
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A,D
FAR
x
4 In
trodu
ce c
omm
unity
driv
en ta
sk fo
rce
for
elim
inat
ion
of p
ollu
tion
for f
ishe
ry so
urce
s N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
5 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
7 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
ac
cord
ingl
y
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A,D
FAR
x
8 A
sses
s tec
hnol
ogy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent
need
s, et
c)
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A,D
FAR
x
9 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l an
d un
cond
ition
al)
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A,D
FAR
x
112
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
NA
RA
,NA
QD
A,D
FAR
x
11
Proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
x
Fish
erie
s Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
7
7. In
crea
se th
e pr
oduc
tion
capa
bilit
ies o
f fis
heri
es, a
quat
ic r
esou
rces
in la
goon
s 7.
1 C
ondu
ct st
ock
asse
ssm
ent o
f lag
oons
7.
2 C
ondu
ct c
apac
ity a
sses
smen
t 7.
3 A
sses
s prim
ary
prod
uctiv
ity
7.4
Ass
ess w
ater
qua
lity
7.5
Con
duct
aw
aren
ess p
rogr
amm
es
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s K
PI
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Con
duct
stoc
k as
sess
men
t of t
he la
goon
and
es
tuar
ies
N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
Fi
sher
y pr
oduc
tion
capa
bilit
ies o
f aqu
atic
re
sour
ces i
n la
goon
s are
in
crea
sed
x
2 In
trodu
ce su
itabl
e va
rietie
s if r
equi
red
N
AR
A,N
AQ
DA
x
3 In
trodu
ce a
pro
gram
me
to m
onito
r env
ironm
ent
fact
ors i
n th
e la
goon
N
AR
A,N
QD
A,D
FAR
x
4 Id
entif
y th
e re
quire
men
t of l
abor
ator
y fa
cilit
ies i
n ea
ch lo
catio
n
NA
RA
,NQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
5 Es
tabl
ish
requ
ired
labo
rato
ry fa
cilit
ies
NA
RA
,NQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
6
Iden
tify
the
adeq
uacy
of p
olic
ies t
o im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
NA
RA
,NQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
7 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s N
AR
A,N
QD
A,D
FAR
x
8 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
ac
cord
ingl
y
NA
RA
,NQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
9 A
sses
s tec
hnol
ogy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
, et
c)
NA
RA
,NQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) N
AR
A,N
QD
A,D
FAR
x
113
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
NA
RA
,NQ
DA
,DFA
R
x
12
Proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n N
AR
A,N
QD
A,D
FAR
x x
114
115
116
Introduction Water resources are important to the survival of both society and ecosystems. Human needs are reliant on the availability and access to clean drinking water to sustain good health. Water is also a prime requirement for agriculture, energy production, navigation, recreation and manufacturing.
The continued utilisation and demand for water puts pressure on water resources. These stresses that are likely to be exacerbated by climate change. In many areas climate change is likely to increase water demand while shrinking water supplies. This shifting balance would challenge water resources to simultaneously meet the needs of growing communities and sensitive ecosystems.
The adverse impacts of climate change affect the inland water bodies highly as evidenced by prolonged droughts, flash floods and sea level rise. This vulnerability could be minimized through precautionary measures. Following INDCs for water sector have been identified as such precautionary actions;
1. INDCs of Water Sector
1. Establish erect sand bags across the river during the drought season to prevent saline water intrusion wherever intakes are subjected to saline water intrusion 1.1. Identify areas, design implementation and monitoring
2. Identify new water supply projects and schemes and implemented in areas with water scarcity 2.1. Assess and map the water scarcity areas of the country
2.2. Explore new water sources, identify alternative sources, implement schemes, design quantification and qualitative analysis etc
3. Water safety management plans for the entire country to overcome pollution and climate change related issues 3.1. Introduce modern techniques and management plans on climate change
4. Improve protection and conservation measures in all drinking water catchment areas 4.1. Establish island wide surface and ground water monitoring networks for long term monitoring of water levels, flow patterns, water quality 4.2. Enforce laws and regulations
5. Implement permanent water supply schemes with pipeline systems through new water supply schemes 5.1. Identify safe water sources qualitatively and other alternatives such as desalinization
6. Establish a few mobile laboratories to ensure safety during water supply 6.1. Onsite water quality monitoring system for more adequate measurement on toxicity, pesticide etc
7. Establish monitoring and recording of saline water intrusion into drinking water sources during the drought period. 7.1. Introduce an automated monitoring system
117
8. Establish the safety of water management facilities and minimize disturbances to water supply due to extreme weather events 8.1. Introduce a new management system focusing on community, awareness programmes and water supply plan
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy INDCs Number
1 Improve water quality through the elimination of saline water intrusion
1
2 Ensure continuous drinking water supply in drought prone areas
2
3 Reduce adverse effects of climate change for drinking water safety
3
4 Conserve water resources within the catchments areas 4 5 Ensure water supply to community through the introduction
of sustainable water supply methods 5
6 Enhance health conditions through improved water quality 6 7 Improve water quality through eliminating saline water
intrusion 7
8 Build resilience to adverse effects of climate change for drinking water supply
8
118
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-1
1. E
stab
lish
erec
t san
d ba
gs a
cros
s th
e ri
ver
duri
ng th
e dr
ough
t sea
son
to p
reve
nt s
alin
e w
ater
intr
usio
n w
here
ver
inta
kes a
re su
bjec
ted
to sa
line
wat
er in
trus
ion
1.1
Iden
tify
area
s, de
sign
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d m
onito
ring
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
affe
cted
are
as a
nd fo
reca
st re
quire
d tim
e pe
riod
in c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith re
leva
nt o
rgan
izat
ions
ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B,C
EA,
DM
C, C
C&
CR
MD
Num
ber o
f pro
ject
s 25
%
25%
50
%
2 Es
tabl
ish
salt
wat
er m
onito
ring
syst
ems i
n se
lect
ed
upst
ream
of r
iver
s
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, CEA
, D
MC
/CB
Os,F
Os,
CC
&C
RM
D
N
umbe
r of p
roje
cts
50%
25
%
25%
3 Es
tabl
ish
a m
echa
nism
to in
trodu
ce e
rect
sand
bag
s if
requ
ired
ID
, IM
D, N
WS&
DB
, CEA
, D
MC
,CB
Os,F
Os,
CC
&C
RM
D
Num
ber o
f pro
ject
s 50
%
25%
25
%
4 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch o
n be
st a
ltern
ativ
e te
chni
ques
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E.
Num
ber o
f res
earc
h co
nduc
ted
20%
30
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E.
An
Eval
uatio
n re
port
With
the
gap
100%
6 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, CEA
, D
MC
,CB
Os,F
Os,
CC
&C
RM
D
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
gaps
iden
tifie
d an
d am
ende
d
50
%
50%
7 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E, ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B,
CEA
,DM
C,C
BO
s,FO
s, C
C&
CR
MD
Num
ber o
f re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
and
in
stitu
tions
id
entif
ied
100%
8 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E, ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, C
EA,
DM
C,C
BO
s,FO
s, C
C&
CR
MD
Rep
ort o
n re
quire
d ca
paci
ty
20%
30
%
50%
9 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds,
etc)
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
BO
s, C
EA L
As,
NC
WSD
, C
C&
CR
MD
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
iden
tifie
d
50%
50
%
10
Prep
are
a B
oQ fo
r the
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
, LA
s, N
CW
SD,
Num
ber
of B
oQs
50
%
50%
119
CC
&C
RM
D
11
C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
LA
s NC
WSD
, C
C&
CR
MD
Num
ber o
f est
imat
es
com
plet
ed
30%
30
%
40%
12
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
N
WSD
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
LA
s, N
CW
SD,
CC
&C
RM
D
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-2
2. Id
entif
y ne
w w
ater
supp
ly p
roje
cts a
nd sc
hem
es a
nd im
plem
ente
d in
are
as w
ith w
ater
scar
city
2.
1. A
sses
s and
map
the
wat
er sc
arci
ty a
reas
of t
he c
ount
ry
2
.2. E
xplo
re n
ew w
ater
sou
rces
, ide
ntify
alte
rnat
ive
sour
ces,
impl
emen
t sch
emes
, des
ign
quan
tific
atio
n an
d qu
alita
tive
anal
ysis
, etc
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y ar
eas w
ith w
ater
scar
city
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, WR
B, D
WLC
, N
CW
SD, M
ASL
N
umbe
r of p
roje
cts
25%
25
%
50%
2 Id
entif
y po
tent
ial w
ater
sour
ces
NW
S&D
B, I
D, I
MD
, WR
B, M
ASL
N
umbe
r of s
ourc
es
iden
tifie
d 20
%
30%
50
%
3 Pr
epar
e a
map
indi
catin
g ar
eas o
f wat
er a
vaila
bilit
y an
d th
ose
whi
ch re
quire
wat
er
NW
S&D
B, I
D, W
RB
, DW
LC,
NC
WSD
, MA
SL
Num
ber o
f map
s pr
epar
ed
20%
30
%
50%
4 D
esig
n w
ater
supp
ly im
plem
enta
tion
mec
hani
sm
NW
S&D
B, I
D, W
RB
N
umbe
r of d
esig
ns
com
plet
ed
20%
30
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, WR
B, D
WLC
, N
CW
SD, M
ASL
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
gaps
iden
tifie
d 50
%
50%
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, C
EA,D
MC
/CB
Os/
FOs
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
iden
tifie
d 20
%
30%
50
%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, C
EA,D
MC
/CB
Os/
FOs
Rep
ort o
n ca
paci
ty
requ
irem
ent
100%
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
t (eq
uipm
ent n
eeds
and
et
c)
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, C
EA,
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
20%
30
%
50%
120
DM
C/C
BO
s/FO
s id
entif
ied
9 Pr
epar
e a
BoQ
for t
he p
lan
NW
SDB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
BO
s, C
EA, L
As,
NC
WSD
N
umbe
r of B
oQs
50%
50
%
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) N
WSD
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
, LA
s, N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f est
imat
es
com
plet
ed
30%
30
%
40%
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
N
WSD
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
, LA
s, N
CW
SD
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-3
3. W
ater
safe
ty m
anag
emen
t pla
ns fo
r th
e en
tire
coun
try
to o
verc
ome
pollu
tion
and
clim
ate
chan
ge r
elat
ed is
sues
3.
1. In
trodu
ce m
oder
n te
chni
ques
and
man
agem
ent p
lans
on
clim
ate
chan
ge
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct s
urve
ys o
n po
llutio
n an
d cl
imat
e ch
ange
re
late
d is
sues
for w
ater
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
NW
SDB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
BO
s, C
EA, L
As,
NC
WSD
, DO
A,
DM
, ID
B
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
co
mpl
eted
20
%
30%
50
%
2 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch o
n sa
fety
man
agem
ent p
lans
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
BO
s, C
EA, L
As,
NC
WSD
, DO
A,
DM
, NB
RO
, GSM
B, U
nive
rsiti
es
and
Oth
er R
esea
rch
Inst
itutio
ns
Num
ber o
f res
earc
h co
nduc
ted
20%
30
%
50%
3 In
trodu
ce sa
fety
man
agem
ent p
lans
for m
ost a
ffec
ted
area
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B, C
BO
s, C
EA
LAs,
NC
WSD
, DO
A, D
M, N
BR
O,
GSM
B
Num
ber o
f saf
ety
man
agem
ent p
lans
in
trodu
ced
50
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
y if
nece
ssar
y M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
NW
SDB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
EA L
As,
NC
WSD
, DO
A, D
M,
NB
RO
, GSM
B
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
gaps
iden
tifie
d 50
%
50%
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, C
EA,D
MC
/CB
Os/
FOs
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
and
re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
121
7 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, C
EA,D
MC
/CB
Os/
FOs
Rep
ort o
n re
quire
d ca
paci
ty
100%
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
t (eq
uipm
ent n
eeds
and
et
c)
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B,
CEA
,DM
C/C
BO
s/FO
s
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
9 Pr
epar
e a
BoQ
for t
he p
lan
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
LA
s, N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f BoQ
s 50
%
50%
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) N
WSD
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
LA
s, N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f est
imat
es
com
plet
ed
30%
30
%
40%
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
BO
s, C
EA L
As,
NC
WSD
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
12
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B,
CEA
,DM
C/C
BO
s/FO
s
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
and
re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-4
4. Im
prov
e pr
otec
tion
and
cons
erva
tion
mea
sure
s in
all d
rink
ing
wat
er c
atch
men
t are
as
4.1.
Est
ablis
h is
land
wid
e su
rfac
e an
d gr
ound
wat
er m
onito
ring
netw
orks
for
long
term
mon
itorin
g of
wat
er le
vels
, flo
w p
atte
rns,
wat
er q
ualit
y 4.
2. E
nfor
ce la
ws a
nd re
gula
tions
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y ca
tchm
ent a
reas
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
EA N
CW
SD, P
C
Num
ber o
f cat
chm
ent
area
s ide
ntifi
ed
25%
25
%
50%
2 Id
entif
y po
tent
ial t
hrea
ts o
n ca
tchm
ent a
rea
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CEA
NC
WSD
, PC
N
umbe
r of
catc
hmen
ts id
entif
ied
25%
25
%
50%
3 M
ap th
e en
tire
catc
hmen
t are
a N
WS&
DB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, C
EA N
CW
SD, P
C
Num
ber o
f map
s pr
epar
ed
25%
25
%
50%
4 In
trodu
ce p
rogr
amm
es to
con
serv
e th
e ca
tchm
ent
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, W
RB
,CEA
NC
WSD
, PC
N
umbe
r of
prog
ram
mes
In
trodu
ced
10%
30
%
60%
5 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
50%
50
%
122
amen
d po
licy
if ne
cess
ary
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CEA
LA
s, N
CW
SD, D
OA
, DM
, N
BR
O, G
SMB
gaps
iden
tifie
d an
d po
licie
s am
ende
d
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, C
EA,D
MC
/CB
Os/
FOs
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
and
re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
ID, I
MD
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, C
EA,D
MC
/CB
Os/
FOs
Rep
ort o
n C
apac
ity
Req
uire
men
ts
100%
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gica
l req
uire
men
t (eq
uipm
ent n
eeds
an
d et
c)
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
ID
, IM
D, W
RB
, NW
S&D
B,
CEA
,DM
C/C
BO
s/FO
s
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
9 Pr
epar
e th
e B
oQ f
or th
e pl
an
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
LA
s, N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f BoQ
s 50
%
50%
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) to
impl
emen
t the
IND
C
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
CB
Os,
CEA
LA
s, N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f est
imat
es
com
plet
ed
30%
30
%
40%
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
N
WS &
DB
, ID
, DSD
, WR
B,
NC
WSD
Com
plet
ed
imp l
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
12
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
ID
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, N
umbe
r of
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
resp
onsi
ble
auth
oriti
es id
entif
ied
20%
30
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-5
5. I
mpl
emen
t per
man
ent w
ater
supp
ly sc
hem
es w
ith p
ipel
ine
syst
ems t
hrou
gh n
ew w
ater
supp
ly sc
hem
es
5.1.
Iden
tify
safe
wat
er so
urce
s qua
litat
ivel
y an
d ot
her a
ltern
ativ
es su
ch a
s des
alin
izat
ion
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
new
per
man
ent w
ater
supp
ly sc
hem
es
MW
S&D
, MI&
WR
M, N
WSD
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B, C
EA P
C,
NC
WSD
Num
ber o
f wat
er
supp
ly sc
hem
es
iden
tifie
d
25%
25
%
50%
2 Id
entif
y dr
awba
cks
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, N
WSD
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B, C
EA P
C,
Num
ber o
f iss
ues
iden
tifie
d 30
%
30%
40
%
123
NC
WSD
3
Iden
tify
polic
y ga
ps to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd a
men
d po
licie
s if n
eces
sary
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
NW
SDB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, LA
s, N
CW
SD,
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
gaps
iden
tifie
d an
d am
endm
ents
mad
e
50%
50
%
4 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
NW
S &D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
LAs,
NC
WSD
,
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
and
re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
WS&
DB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, LA
s, N
CW
SD,
Rep
ort o
n ca
paci
ty
requ
irem
ent
100%
6 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds a
nd
etc)
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
NW
SDB
, ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, N
CW
SD,
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
7 Pr
epar
e th
e B
oQ fo
r the
pla
n N
WS&
DB
, ID
, DSD
, WR
B,
NC
WSD
N
umbe
r of B
oQs
50%
50
%
8 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
NW
S&D
B,
ID, D
SD,
WR
B,N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f est
imat
es
com
plet
ed
30%
30
%
40%
9 Pr
epar
e a
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n pl
an to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
NW
S&D
B,
ID, I
MD
, DSD
, WR
B,
NC
WSD
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
10
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
ID
, WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, N
umbe
r of
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
resp
onsi
ble
auth
oriti
es id
entif
ied
20%
30
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-6
6. E
stab
lish
a fe
w m
obile
labo
rato
ries
to e
nsur
e sa
fety
dur
ing
wat
er su
pply
6.
1. O
nsite
wat
er q
ualit
y m
onito
ring
syst
em fo
r mor
e ad
equa
te m
easu
rem
ent o
n to
xici
ty, p
estic
ide,
etc
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y w
ater
requ
irem
ent a
nd p
oten
tial r
equi
red
area
s W
RB
, CEA
, NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f sen
sitiv
e ar
eas i
dent
ified
25
%
25%
50
%
2 C
ompa
re v
ario
us m
obile
labo
rato
ries a
vaila
ble
and
sele
ct
suita
ble
mod
el fo
r Sri
Lank
a W
RB
, CEA
, NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f mob
ile
units
sele
cted
60
%
20%
20
%
124
3 Id
entif
y re
quire
d m
onito
ring
para
met
ers
WR
B, C
EA, N
WS&
DB
N
umbe
r of
mon
itorin
g pa
ram
eter
s ide
ntifi
ed
100%
4 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
W
RB
, CEA
, NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f pol
icy
gaps
iden
tifie
d an
d am
ende
d
50%
50
%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
WR
B, C
EA, N
WS&
DB
N
umbe
r of
inst
itutio
ns a
nd
resp
onsi
ble
auth
oriti
es id
entif
ied
20%
30
%
50%
6 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
WR
B, C
EA, N
WS&
DB
R
epor
t on
capa
city
re
quire
men
t 10
0%
7 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds a
nd
etc)
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, MM
D&
E,
WR
B, C
EA, N
WS&
DB
Te
chno
logi
cal
requ
irem
ents
id
entif
ied
20%
30
%
50%
8 Pr
epar
e th
e B
oQ fo
r the
pla
n W
RB
, CEA
, NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f BoQ
s 50
%
50%
9 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
WR
B, C
EA, N
WS&
DB
N
umbe
r of e
stim
ates
co
mpl
eted
30
%
30%
40
%
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
W
RB
, CEA
, NW
S&D
B
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
11
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, M
MD
&E,
W
RB
, CEA
, NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
and
re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-7
7. E
stab
lish
mon
itori
ng a
nd r
ecor
ding
of
salin
e w
ater
intr
usio
n in
to d
rink
ing
wat
er s
ourc
es d
urin
g th
e dr
ough
t per
iod
7.1.
Intro
duce
an
auto
mat
ed m
onito
ring
syst
em
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
intru
sion
are
as a
nd re
quire
d tim
e pe
riod
W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D
N
umbe
r of a
reas
id
entif
ied
25%
25
%
50%
2 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch o
n al
tern
ativ
e te
chni
ques
W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D, U
nive
rsiti
es a
nd o
ther
N
umbe
r of a
ltern
ativ
e te
chni
ques
iden
tifie
d 30
%
30%
40
%
125
rese
arch
inst
itutio
ns
3 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, W
RB
, N
WS&
DB
, CEA
, CC
&C
RM
D
N
umbe
r of p
olic
y ga
ps id
entif
ied
and
amen
ded
50%
50
%
4 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, WR
B,
NW
S&D
B, C
EA, C
C&
CR
MD
Num
ber o
f in
stitu
tions
and
re
spon
sibl
e au
thor
ities
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, WR
B,
NW
S&D
B, C
EA, C
C&
CR
MD
Rep
ort o
n ca
paci
ty
requ
irem
ent
100%
6 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds a
nd
etc)
M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, WR
B,
NW
S&D
B, C
EA, C
C&
CR
MD
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
iden
tifie
d
20%
30
%
50%
7 Pr
epar
e th
e B
oQ fo
r the
pla
n W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D
N
umbe
r of B
oQs
50%
50
%
8 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
WR
B, N
WS&
DB
, CEA
, C
C&
CR
MD
Num
ber o
f est
imat
es
com
plet
ed
30%
30
%
40%
9 Pr
epar
e a
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, WR
B,
NW
S&D
B, C
EA, C
C&
CR
MD
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
10
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D, W
RB
, N
WS&
DB
, CEA
, CC
&C
RM
D
N
umbe
r of
inst
itutio
ns
20%
30
%
50%
Wat
er S
ecto
r IN
DC
s-8
8. E
stab
lish
the
safe
ty o
f wat
er m
anag
emen
t fac
ilitie
s an
d m
inim
ize
dist
urba
nces
to w
ater
sup
ply
due
to
extr
eme
wea
ther
eve
nts
8.1.
Intro
duce
a n
ew m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
focu
sing
on
com
mun
ity, a
war
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es a
nd w
ater
sup
ply
plan
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y cu
rren
t wat
er d
istri
butio
n lin
es
NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f di
strib
utio
n lin
es
iden
tifie
d
50%
50
%
2 In
trodu
ce a
new
man
agem
ent s
yste
m
NW
S&D
B, M
WS&
D
Num
ber o
f sys
tem
es
tabl
ishe
d
50%
50
%
3 Id
entif
y po
tent
ial d
istu
rban
ces
NW
S&D
B
Num
ber o
f cat
egor
ies
50%
50
%
126
iden
tifie
d
4 In
trodu
ce th
e im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
addr
ess t
he
min
imiz
atio
n of
dis
turb
ance
s N
WS&
DB
N
umbe
r of c
ateg
orie
s m
inim
ized
50
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
NW
S&D
B, M
CPW
S Po
licy
gaps
m
inim
ized
, and
po
licie
s am
ende
d
50%
50
%
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s N
WS&
DB
N
umbe
r of
orga
niza
tions
id
entif
ied
100%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
N
WS&
DB
, MC
PWS
Are
as o
f cap
acity
im
prov
emen
t nee
ded
50%
50
%
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds a
nd
etc)
N
WS&
DB
, MC
PWS
Tech
nolo
gica
l re
quire
men
ts
iden
tifie
d
100%
9 Pr
epar
e th
e B
oQ fo
r the
pla
n N
WS&
DB
, MC
PWS
Prep
ared
BoQ
Pla
n 10
0%
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) N
WS&
DB
, MC
PWS
Fina
ncia
l nee
ds
iden
tifie
d
50%
50
%
11
Prep
are
the
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n pl
an to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s N
WS&
DB
, MC
PWS
Fina
lized
pla
n
25%
50
%
25%
12
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
NW
S&D
B, M
CPW
S N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
in
stitu
tes
50%
50
%
127
128
129
130
Introduction Water management is a crucial task that needs to adapt in the face of both climate change impacts and socio-economic pressures. The best water management practices which increase the productivity of water irrigation may provide significant adaptation potential for all land production systems. Further, improvements in irrigation efficiency are critical to ensure the availability of water both for food production and for competing human and environmental needs in preparing for future climate change risks.
Sri Lanka’s inland water bodies are the most important supplier of water for agriculture, wherein the irrigated waters are vital for enhancing productivity of the sector. The impacts of temperature increase on water availability include increased rates of evaporation and vapours-transpiration. Due to this, during drought periods water availability for irrigation will be affected due to high evaporation rates. This is especially true for the dry zone tanks and rivers. Increased evaporation and transpiration can also reduce soil moisture, stream flow and groundwater re-charge, thereby diminishing water available for food production, and increasing the irrigation requirement. Adaptation measures in this context are critical for Sri Lanka as more than 65% of agricultural lands are located in the dry zone where water scarcity exists.
1. INDCs of Irrigation Sector
1. Restore and rehabilitate all abandoned tanks and irrigation canals of Sri Lanka. 1.1 Identify tanks and canals to be rehabilitated in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. 1.2 Prepare a cost estimation and implementation plan by identifying national capacity and
international support. 1.3 Identify tanks and canals to be rehabilitated in other areas of the country.
2. Establish water flow and sediment loads monitoring systems in selected streams in the central highlands. 2.1 Location identification and designing of gage stations. 2.2 Purchasing modern equipment to measure the sediment load. 2.3 Establish gage in identified location. 2.4 Calibration, data collection, data analysing, etc.
3. Introduce boreholes/tube wells as a drought intervention for domestic water supply. 3.1 Identify high quality and potential ground water sources and aquifers. 3.2 Construct tube wells; pump testing, water quality testing to determine water quality and quantity. 3.3 Implement irrigated water schemes where possible
4. Enhance productivity of irrigation water use by introducing improved on-farm water application technologies. 4.1 Introduce water saving applications like water micro irrigation system (sprinkle) and
water saving crops. 4.2 Farmer training and awareness on water saving applications
5. Assess river floods and mitigation measures and early warning systems for possible flash floods.
131
5.1 Collect the rainfall data and river flow 5.2 Prepare digital elevation maps 5.3 Capacity building programs for new technological applications 5.4 Introduce flood mitigation structures
6. Develop water resource management plans and strategies for selected major rivers in Sri Lanka adopting traditional knowledge and new technology.
7. Adopt water-efficient technologies to ‘harvest’ water, conserve solid moisture (e.g. crop residue retention) and reduce siltation and saltwater intrusion.
8. Modify irrigation techniques, including amount, timing or technology. 9. Introduce conservation measures for irrigation of tanks and canals to ensure a sustainable
water supply.
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy
INDCs Number
1 Increase the land productivity per unit area of land through irrigated agriculture, by assuring minimum crop water demand.
1
2 Reduce vulnerable areas in riverine degradation through the introduction of improved riverine management mechanisms.
2
3 Ensure domestic water supply and supplementary irrigation through ground water abstractions in a sustainable manner in rural and selected areas in Sri Lanka.
3
4 Increase water use efficiency and productivity per unit volume of water in irrigated agriculture.
4
5 Ensure safety of humans and animals as well as minimizing property and environmental losses.
5
6 Develop water resources to accommodate the growing water demand of all stakeholders and solving issues related to water sharing and allocations among different water user sectors especially during droughts.
6
7 Adapt improved technological measures for the conservation and development of productive lands in low lying areas which are subjected to degradation due to salt water intrusion.
7
8 Ensure standard limits of water usage in irrigated agriculture sector through the introduction of improved water saving techniques and adaptation of participatory irrigation management concepts.
8
9 Assure a reliable, efficient and effective water supply for irrigated agriculture with sustainable operation and maintenance mechanisms to alleviate rural poverty and minimize risks in rural economy.
9
132
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
1
1. R
esto
re a
nd r
ehab
ilita
te a
ll ab
ando
ned
tank
s and
irri
gatio
n ca
nals
of S
ri L
anka
1.
1 Id
entif
y ta
nks a
nd c
anal
s to
be re
habi
litat
ed in
the
dry
zone
of S
ri La
nka
1.2
Prep
are
a co
st e
s tim
atio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
plan
by
iden
tifyi
ng n
atio
nal c
apac
ity a
nd in
tern
atio
nal s
uppo
rt 1.
3 Id
entif
y ta
nks a
nd c
anal
s to
be re
habi
litat
ed in
oth
er a
reas
of t
he c
ount
ry
Act
ions
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 2
017
201
8 20
19
1 Es
tabl
ish
a PM
U
MI &
WR
M
A P
MU
es
tabl
ishe
d 10
0%
2 M
ake
finan
cial
arr
ange
men
ts fo
r pre
limin
ary
actio
ns
MI &
WR
M
SLR
T
o be
dec
ided
3
Iden
tify
curr
ent s
tatu
s abo
ut th
e ta
nks,
anic
uts a
nd
cana
ls in
Sri
Lank
a in
clud
ing
thos
e ab
ando
ned
(incl
udin
g po
nds,
wat
er h
oles
, etc
..)
ID, M
ASL
, DA
D, P
IDD
1.
Num
ber
of ta
nks
2. N
umbe
r of
an
icut
s 3.
% o
f can
al le
ngth
1500
0 25
%
1600
0±
25%
50%
4 Id
entif
y ta
nks,
anic
uts a
nd c
anal
s to
be re
habi
litat
ed in
Sr
i Lan
ka
ID, M
ASL
, DA
D, P
IDD
1.
%. o
f tan
ks
2. %
. of
anic
uts
3. %
leng
th o
f can
als
25%
25%
50
%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s D
OA
,NLD
B,N
WS&
DB
,CEB
, U
DA
,CB
O,D
WLC
N
umbe
r of
Inst
itutio
ns a
nd
resp
onsi
ble
auth
oriti
es id
entif
ied
100%
6 Pr
epar
e a
cost
est
imat
ion
and
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
ID, M
ASL
, DA
D, P
IDD
N
umbe
r of P
IPP
50
%
50%
7
Iden
tify
barr
iers
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s ID
, MA
SL, D
AD
, PID
D
Num
ber o
f bar
riers
re
mov
ed
100%
8 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
endm
ent p
olic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
ID, M
ASL
, DA
D, P
IDD
N
umbe
r of g
aps
iden
tifie
d an
d po
licie
s am
ende
d
50%
50
%
9 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U/M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 20
%
30%
50
%
10
Iden
tify
tech
nolo
gy a
nd re
sour
ce re
quire
men
ts
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
and
etc
) PM
U/M
I&W
RM
R
epor
t for
eac
h in
stitu
tion
50%
50
%
133
11
Iden
tify
fina
ncia
l sou
rces
(co
nditi
onal
and
un
cond
ition
al)
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Cos
t est
imat
ion
50
%
50%
12
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
PMU
, MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f rep
orts
10
0%
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
2
2. E
stab
lish
wat
er fl
ow a
nd se
dim
ent l
oads
mon
itori
ng sy
stem
s in
sele
cted
stre
ams i
n th
e ce
ntra
l hig
hlan
ds
2.1
Loca
tion
iden
tific
atio
n an
d de
sign
ing
of g
age
stat
ions
2.
2 Pu
rcha
sing
mod
ern
equi
pmen
t to
mea
sure
the
sedi
men
t loa
d 2.
3 Es
tabl
ish
gage
in id
entif
ied
loca
tion
2.4
Cal
ibra
tion,
dat
a co
llect
ion,
dat
a an
alyz
ing,
etc
A
ctio
n
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
curr
ent s
tatu
s of p
hysi
cal w
ater
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
s in
Sri L
anka
ID
,MA
SL,P
IDD
N
umbe
r of r
epor
ts
100%
2 Id
entif
y an
d de
sign
gau
ging
stat
ions
ID
,MA
SL,P
IDD
N
umbe
r of s
tatio
ns
40%
60
%
3
Sele
ct m
oder
n eq
uipm
ent t
o m
easu
re fl
ow, q
ualit
y an
d se
dim
ent l
oad.
PM
U, M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of e
quip
men
t
50%
50
%
4 Id
entif
y an
d es
tabl
ish
labo
rato
ries
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f la
bora
torie
s 25
%
50%
25
%
5 Pu
rcha
se m
oder
n eq
uipm
ent t
o m
easu
re a
nd a
naly
ze
flow
, qua
lity
and
sedi
men
t loa
d.
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f equ
ipm
ent
25
%
75%
6 A
rran
ge b
udge
tary
pro
visi
ons t
o pu
rcha
se m
oder
n eq
uipm
ent a
nd e
stab
lish
labo
rato
ries
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Esta
blis
h la
bora
torie
s 20
%
40%
40
%
7 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent I
ND
Cs a
nd a
men
d po
licie
s if n
eces
sary
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
R
epor
t 40
%
60%
8 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s PM
U,M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of
Inst
itutio
ns id
entif
ied
100%
9 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 25
%
35%
40
%
10
Iden
tify
fina
ncia
l req
uire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Cos
t est
imat
ion
25
%
75%
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to im
plem
ent
the
IND
Cs
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f rep
orts
10
0%
134
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
3
3. In
trod
uce
bore
hole
s/tu
be w
ells
as a
dro
ught
inte
rven
tion
for
dom
estic
wat
er su
pply
3.
1 Id
entif
y hi
gh q
ualit
y an
d po
tent
ial g
roun
d w
ater
sour
ces a
nd a
quife
rs
3.2
Con
stru
ct tu
be w
ells
, pum
p te
stin
g, w
ater
qua
lity
test
ing
to d
eter
min
e w
ater
qua
lity
& q
uant
ity
3.3
Impl
emen
t irr
igat
ed w
ater
sche
mes
whe
re p
ossi
ble
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
requ
ired
area
s ID
, IM
D, D
SD, W
RB
, N
WS&
DB
, LA
s, R
WD
, DM
C
Num
ber o
f pro
ject
s 25
%
25%
50
%
2 C
ondu
ct a
test
run
to fi
nd o
ut p
ossi
ble
loca
litie
s W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, D
SD
Num
ber o
f pro
ject
s 20
%
30%
50
%
3 D
esig
n d
istri
butio
n lin
es ta
king
into
con
side
ratio
n th
e flo
w ra
te a
nd e
leva
tion
ID, I
MD
DSD
, RW
D, W
RB
, N
WS&
DB
, LA
s, C
BO
s, D
MC
N
umbe
r of p
roje
cts
25%
25
%
50%
4 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, M
MD
&E,
N
umbe
r of p
olic
ies
iden
tifie
d 10
0%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her o
rgan
izat
ions
, and
in
stitu
tions
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, M
MD
&E,
N
umbe
r of
orga
niza
tions
id
entif
ied
50%
50
%
6 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nee
ded
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D,
MM
D&
E,W
RB
, NW
S&D
B, I
D,
CEA
, IM
D
Num
ber o
f gap
s id
entif
ied
60%
40
%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s and
bui
ld c
apac
ity a
ccor
ding
ly
MI&
WR
M, M
WS&
D,
MM
D&
E,W
RB
, NW
S&D
B ID
, IM
D, D
SD, C
BO
s, W
RB
,NW
S&D
B, L
As
Num
ber o
f ins
titut
ions
10
0%
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gica
l req
uire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds
etc)
W
RB
, NW
S&D
B ID
, IM
D,
DSD
, CB
Os,
LAs
Num
ber o
f equ
ipm
ent
50%
50
%
9 Pr
epar
e th
e B
oQ fo
r the
pla
n W
RB
, NW
S&D
B ID
, IM
D,
DSD
, CB
Os,
LA, N
CW
SD
Num
ber o
f BO
Qs
10
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
W
RB
, NW
S&D
B ID
, IM
D,
DSD
, CB
Os,
LAs,
NC
WSD
N
umbe
r of e
stim
ates
co
mpl
eted
30
%
30%
40
%
11
Prep
are
the
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n pl
an to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s M
I&W
RM
, MW
S&D
, M
MD
&E,
WR
B, N
WS&
DB
ID,
IMD
, DSD
, CB
Os,
LAs,
NC
WSD
Com
plet
ed
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
50
%
50%
135
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
4
4.
Enh
ance
pr
oduc
tivity
of
ir
riga
tion
wat
er
use
by
intr
oduc
ing
impr
oved
on
-far
m
wat
er
appl
icat
ion
tech
nolo
gies
4.
1 In
trodu
ce w
ater
savi
ng a
pplic
atio
ns li
ke w
ater
mic
ro ir
rigat
ion
syst
em (s
prin
kle)
and
wat
er sa
ving
cro
ps
4.2
Farm
er tr
aini
ng a
nd a
war
enes
s on
wat
er sa
ving
app
licat
ions
A
ctio
n
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Mak
e fin
anci
al a
rran
gem
ent f
or p
relim
inar
y ac
tions
M
I & W
RM
Pr
elim
inar
y ac
tions
co
mpl
eted
30
%
30%
40
%
2 Id
entif
y re
quire
d ar
ea th
roug
h ba
selin
e su
rvey
ID
,MA
SL,IM
D/D
AD
,PID
D
Num
ber o
f sch
emes
10
%
30%
60
%
3 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch o
n w
ater
savi
ng a
pplic
atio
ns
ID,M
ASL
,IMD
,DA
D,P
IDD
N
umbe
r of r
esea
rche
s 20
%
30%
50
%
4 In
trodu
ce w
ater
savi
ng a
pplic
atio
ns li
ke m
icro
irr
igat
ion
syst
ems
ID,M
ASL
,IMD
,DA
D,P
IDD
N
umbe
r of
appl
icat
ions
15
%
25%
60
%
5 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s PM
U, M
I & W
RM
R
epor
t 10
0%
6 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her o
rgan
izat
ions
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
PMU
, MI &
WR
M
Num
ber o
f or
gani
zatio
ns
100%
7 A
men
d po
licy
gaps
if n
eces
sary
PM
U, M
I & W
RM
A
men
dmen
ts
50
%
50%
8
Iden
tify
adeq
uacy
of i
nstit
utio
nal c
apac
ity to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
and
bui
ld c
apac
ity a
ccor
ding
ly
ID,M
ASL
,IMD
/DA
D,P
IDD
In
stitu
tiona
l stre
ngth
s/
wea
knes
ses
50%
50
%
9 Id
entif
y te
chno
logy
and
reso
urce
s req
uire
men
ts
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
etc
.) PM
U, M
I&W
RM
, ID
,MA
SL,
IMD
,DA
D,P
IDD
R
epor
ts
20%
40
%
40%
10
Iden
tify
finan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
C
ost e
stim
atio
n
40%
60
%
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs
PMU
, MI&
WR
M
PIP
50
%
50%
136
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
5
5. A
sses
s riv
er fl
oods
and
miti
gatio
n m
easu
res a
nd e
arly
war
ning
syst
ems f
or p
ossi
ble
flash
floo
ds
5.2
Col
lect
the
rain
fall
data
and
rive
r flo
w
5.2
Prep
are
digi
tal e
leva
tion
map
s 5.
3 C
apac
ity b
uild
ing
prog
ram
s for
new
tech
nolo
gica
l app
licat
ions
5.4
Intro
duce
floo
d m
itiga
tion
stru
ctur
es
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
dat
a co
llect
ion
area
s ID
,MA
SL,M
D,D
AD
,PID
D
Num
ber o
f riv
er
basi
ns
25%
35
%
40%
2 C
olle
ct ra
infa
ll &
rive
r flo
w d
ata,
and
pre
pare
the
digi
tal e
leva
tion
map
s M
D,ID
,SD
,MA
SL,D
MC
,DO
A,
DA
D
Num
ber o
f map
s pr
epar
ed
25%
25
%
50%
3 In
trodu
ce c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
prog
ram
mes
for n
ew
tech
nolo
gica
l app
licat
ions
M
D,ID
/SD
,MA
SL,D
MC
,DO
A,
DA
D
Num
ber o
f pro
gram
s 35
%
35%
30
%
4 St
udy
and
intro
duce
floo
d m
itiga
tion
stru
ctur
es
ID,M
ASL
N
umbe
r of f
lood
m
itiga
tion
stru
ctur
es
25
%
75%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t su
ch IN
DC
s PM
U,M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of i
nstit
utio
ns
100%
6 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
ID, M
ASL
, DA
D, P
IDD
N
umbe
r of g
aps
50%
50
%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs,
and
build
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 20
%
30%
50
%
8 Id
entif
y te
chno
logy
and
reso
urce
s req
uire
men
ts
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
etc
.) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
R
epor
t for
eac
h in
stitu
tion
50%
50
%
9 Id
entif
y fi
nanc
ial s
ourc
es (
cond
ition
al a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
C
ost e
stim
atio
n
50%
50
%
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
PMU
, M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of r
epor
ts
100%
137
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
6 6.
Dev
elop
wat
er r
esou
rce
man
agem
ent
plan
s an
d st
rate
gies
for
sel
ecte
d m
ajor
riv
ers
in S
ri L
anka
ado
ptin
g tr
aditi
onal
kno
wle
dge
and
new
tech
nolo
gy
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
requ
ired
river
s thr
ough
a p
riorit
izat
ion
proc
esse
s ID
,MA
SL
Num
ber o
f riv
er
basi
ns
30%
40
%
30%
2 Id
entif
y an
d co
llect
trad
ition
al k
now
ledg
e an
d ne
w
tech
nolo
gy o
n w
ater
man
agem
ent
ID, I
MD
, MA
SL
Num
ber o
f riv
er
basi
ns
25%
45
%
30%
3 In
trodu
ce a
man
agem
ent p
lan
by c
onsi
derin
g
tradi
tiona
l kno
wle
dge
and
tech
nolo
gy
ID, I
MD
, MA
SL
Num
ber o
f riv
er
basi
ns
40
%
60%
4 Ev
alua
te e
ffec
tiven
ess a
nd le
sson
s lea
rnt
ID, I
MD
, MA
SL
Num
ber.
of ri
ver
basi
ns
15
%
85%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s PM
U &
MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f ins
titut
ions
10
0%
6 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
ID, M
ASL
, PM
U &
MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f gap
s 50
%
50%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 20
%
30%
50
%
8 Id
entif
y te
chno
logy
and
reso
urce
requ
irem
ents
(e
quip
men
t nee
ds e
tc.)
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Rep
ort f
or e
ach
inst
itutio
n 50
%
50%
9 Id
entif
y fi
nanc
ial s
ourc
es (
cond
ition
al a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
C
ost e
stim
atio
n
50%
50
%
10
Prep
are
the
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s PM
U, M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of r
epor
ts
100%
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
7 7.
Ado
pt w
ater
-effi
cien
t tec
hnol
ogie
s to
‘har
vest
’ wat
er, c
onse
rve
solid
moi
stur
e (e
.g. c
rop
resi
due
rete
ntio
n)
and
redu
ce si
ltatio
n an
d sa
ltwat
er in
trus
ion
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
the
requ
ired
area
s and
saltw
ater
intru
ded
area
s ID
, MA
SL, D
AD
& D
OA
N
umbe
r of r
iver
ba
sins
30
%
40%
30
%
2 Id
entif
y w
ater
-eff
icie
nt te
chno
logi
es to
har
vest
wat
er
DO
A,
IMD
N
umbe
r of w
ater
ef
ficie
nt te
chno
logi
es
50%
50
%
138
3 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch t
o fin
d th
e be
st so
lutio
ns
DO
A, I
MD
, ID
& M
ASL
N
umbe
r of r
esea
rch
25
%
75%
4
Dev
elop
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
ans
DO
A, I
MD
, ID
& M
ASL
N
umbe
r of
plan
s
40%
60
%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s PM
U &
MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f ins
titut
ions
10
0%
6 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nee
ded
ID, M
ASL
, DO
A, I
MD
, PM
U &
M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of p
olic
y ga
ps, a
nd a
men
ded
polic
ies
40%
60
%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 15
%
30%
55
%
8 Id
entif
y te
chno
logy
and
reso
urce
requ
irem
ents
(e
quip
men
t nee
ds e
tc.)
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Rep
ort f
or e
ach
inst
itutio
n 40
%
50%
10
%
9 Id
entif
y fi
nanc
ial s
ourc
es (
cond
ition
al a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
C
ost e
stim
atio
n
50%
50
%
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
PMU
, MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f rep
orts
10
0%
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
8 8.
Mod
ify ir
riga
tion
tech
niqu
es, i
nclu
ding
am
ount
, tim
ing
or te
chno
logy
Act
ion
R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y th
e m
odifi
catio
n re
quire
men
t ID
, MA
SL, /
DA
D, P
IDD
N
umbe
r of s
chem
es
20%
30
%
50%
2
Iden
tify
mod
ifica
tion
in ir
rigat
ion
tech
niqu
es
ID,M
ASL
,DA
D, P
IDD
N
umbe
r of s
chem
es
15%
30
%
55%
3
Sele
ct b
est a
vaila
ble
tech
niqu
es
ID,M
ASL
,DA
D,P
IDD
N
umbe
r of t
echn
ique
s 20
%
40%
40
%
4 Im
plem
ent a
s pilo
t pro
ject
s and
con
duct
feed
back
se
ssio
ns to
com
pare
the
effe
ctiv
enes
s
ID,M
ASL
,DA
D,P
IDD
N
umbe
r of p
ilot
proj
ects
45%
55
%
5 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s PM
U &
MI &
WR
M
Num
ber o
f ins
titut
ions
10
0%
6 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
ID, M
ASL
, DO
A, I
MD
, PM
U &
M
I & W
RM
N
umbe
r of g
aps
iden
tifie
d an
d po
licie
s am
ende
d
35%
65
%
7 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 15
%
30%
55
%
8 Id
entif
y te
chno
logy
and
reso
urce
requ
irem
ents
(e
quip
men
t nee
ds e
tc.)
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Rep
ort f
or e
ach
inst
itutio
n 40
%
50%
10
%
139
9 Id
entif
y fi
nanc
ial s
ourc
es (
cond
ition
al a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
C
ost e
stim
atio
n
50%
50
%
10
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
PMU
, MI&
WR
M
Num
ber o
f rep
orts
10
0%
Irri
gatio
n Se
ctor
IND
Cs-
9 9.
Intr
oduc
e co
nser
vatio
n m
easu
res f
or ir
riga
tion
of ta
nks a
nd c
anal
s to
ensu
re a
sust
aina
ble
wat
er su
pply
A
ctio
n
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Stud
y th
e cu
rren
t sta
tus o
f irr
igat
ion
tank
s, an
icut
s and
ca
nals
in S
ri La
nka
ID, M
ASL
,DA
D, P
IDD
1.
Num
ber
of ta
nks
2. N
umbe
r of
ani
cuts
3.
% o
f can
al
2000
25
%
2000
25
%
3000
50
%
2 Id
entif
y po
ssib
le c
onse
rvat
ion
tech
niqu
es
ID, M
ASL
, DA
D, P
IDD
N
umbe
r of t
echn
ique
s 25
%
35%
40
%
3 C
ondu
ct re
sear
ch o
n so
lutio
ns a
nd te
st a
s a p
ilot s
tudy
ID
, MA
SL,D
AD
N
umbe
r of r
esea
rche
s &
pilo
t stu
dies
40
%
35%
25
%
4 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s PM
U &
MI &
WR
M
Num
ber o
f ins
titut
ions
10
0%
5 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
ies i
f nec
essa
ry
ID, M
ASL
, DO
A, I
MD
, PM
U &
M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of g
aps
iden
tifie
d an
d po
licie
s am
ende
d
35%
65
%
6 Id
entif
y th
e ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
PM
U,M
I&W
RM
In
stitu
tiona
l st
reng
ths/
wea
knes
s 15
%
30%
55
%
7 Id
entif
y te
chno
logy
and
reso
urce
requ
irem
ents
(e
quip
men
t nee
ds e
tc.)
PMU
,MI&
WR
M
Rep
ort f
or e
ach
inst
itutio
n 40
%
50%
10
%
8 Id
entif
y fi
nanc
ial s
ourc
es (
cond
ition
al a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) PM
U,M
I&W
RM
C
ost e
stim
atio
n
50%
50
%
9 Pr
epar
e a
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n pl
an to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s PM
U, M
I&W
RM
N
umbe
r of r
epor
ts
100%
140
141
142
Introduction Sri Lanka is an island nation surrounded by a low-lying coastal belt. Around a third of the country’s population lives along the costal belt. The effects of climate change seen in the rise of sea level rise and ocean warming impact Sri Lanka in several aspects. Being an island, sea level rise will pose many challenges to coastal communities, their livelihoods, and coastal ecosystems. With this rise, coastal systems and low-lying areas will experience adverse impacts such as submergence, coastal flooding, saltwater intrusion an coastal erosion. In many regions, changing precipitation pattern and melting of snow/ice are altering hydrological systems, affecting water resources of the ocean in terms of quantity and quality. There is evidence that many marine species have shifted their geographical ranges, seasonal activities, migration patterns, relative abundance and species interactions in response to climatic changes. Sea level rise, a major physical effect associated with climate change, is likely to create significant impacts across the coastal zone. Besides, rising incidences of extreme and unpredictable weather events have created uncertainties over costal livelihoods sometimes even causing life and property damages. Therefore, proper adaptation can prevent losses and damages while creating a conducive environment for low carbon development. Costal and marine sector represent one of the most vulnerable sectors to the adverse effects of climate change. 1. INDCs of Coastal Sector 1. Establish an accurate sea level rice forecasts system for Sri Lanka.
1.1. Re-establish the existing Mean Sea Level (MSL). 1.1.1 Establish the required database with historical sea level.
1.1.2 Start required long term data collection programmes, including wave measurements and a sediment transport study.
1.2. Establish additional sea level stations, in addition to the existing stations. 1.3. Acquire globally available technology for prediction and forecasting. 2. Map inundation prone areas assessing vulnerability to sea level rise along the coastal belt.
2.1 Re-assess inundation maps according to the sea level rise forecast 2.2 Periodically validate and update inundation maps according to the revised forecast
3. Restore, conserve and manage coral, sea grass, mangroves and sand dunes in sensitive areas. 3.1 Survey and map coastal habitats (coral, sea grass, mangroves and sand dunes) for the entire coastal region, based on a Survey Department compatible methodologies.
3.1.1 Identify suitable sites for conservation, rehabilitation and restoration 3.1.2 Conduct pilot projects at high prioritized sites
4. Prepare risk maps for the coastal zone with mapping. With 0.5m contour intervals and take appropriate actions.
143
4.1 Prepare vulnerability databases for the coastal zone with mapping, using 0.5m contour intervals
4.2 Establish Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the entire coastal zone (2 km landward). 5. Establish 1000 ha of coastal forests and a green belt along the island.
5.1 Identify suitable sites for prioritization 5.2 Implement the programme at the identified sites
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy
INDCs Number
1 Introduce sea level monitoring mechanisms to climate forecast sea level changes
1
2 Establish new mechanisms to map inundation prone areas due to sea level rise
2
3 Map and introduce coastal associated habitat restoration 3 4 Enhance capabilities on coastal belt mapping 4 5 Enhance coastal green belt coverage for better carbon sequestration 5
144
145
146
Introduction Sri Lanka is one of the 35 biodiversity hotspots in the world. The country was endowed with a truly remarkable bequest of biodiversity and ecosystems. This includes both fauna and flora resources. Furthermore, Sri Lanka’s endowments cover terrestrial, aquatic as well as the marine ecosystem that extend up to 200 nm into the Indian Ocean, area covering eight times of its land area and the water depth extending up to 3,500m.
Impacts of climate change could be multifaceted with both negative and positive impacts. Despite the potential impacts, very little is known about what changes have already taken place or where the ensuing changes would eventually lead. Hence, biodiversity and ecosystems are areas where Sri Lanka needs to pay special attention to in terms of adapting to climate change.
1. INDCs of Biodiversity Sector 1. Restore degraded areas inside and outside the protected areas (PA) network to enhance
resilience. 1.1 Identify degraded areas outside the PA network
1.1.1 Map the degraded areas 1.1.2 Reforest identified areas
1.2 Identify degraded areas inside the PA network 1.2.1 Map the areas 1.2.2 Habitat enrichment 1.2.3 Control of invasive species
2. Increase connectivity through corridors, landscape/matrix improvement and management. 2.1 Minimize human-animal conflict
3. Improve management, and consider increasing the extent of protected areas, buffer zones and create new areas in the vulnerable zones.
4. Identify biodiversity hotpots in Sri Lanka and upgrade them. 4.1. Conduct baseline surveys to identify the status of the biodiversity hotspot 4.2. Upgrade legal status
5. Promote traditional methods of biodiversity conservation for increased resilience in agroecosystems. 1.1 Promotion of traditional methods and indigenous knowledge 1.2 Promote non-traditional methods which are in harmony with nature
6. Implement community driven conservation projects and programmes. 7. Establish and implement ex-situ conservation programs
Note Newly proposed INDCs presented in italicised font.
147
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy 1 Enhance resilience of eco-systems and biodiversity of the country to withstand the
adverse impacts of climate change 2 Facilitate free movement of species and genes 3 Ensure effective management of the protected area (PA) network 4 Ensure long term conservation of biodiversity hotspots 5 Ensure long term resilience of agro biodiversity 6 Establish a conservation culture 7 Enhance capacity for ex-situ conservation 8 Ensure an effective regulatory institutional set up to manage biodiversity of Sri
Lanka
148
3.
Rea
dine
ss A
ctio
n Pl
an
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
1
1. R
esto
re d
egra
ded
area
s ins
ide
and
outs
ide
the
prot
ecte
d ar
eas (
PA) n
etw
ork
to e
nhan
ce r
esili
ence
1.
1 Id
entif
y de
grad
ed a
reas
out
side
the
PA n
etw
ork
1.1.
1 M
ap th
e de
grad
ed a
reas
1.
1.2
Ref
ores
t ide
ntifi
ed a
reas
1.
2 Id
entif
y de
grad
ed a
reas
insi
de th
e PA
net
wor
k 1.
2.1
Map
the
area
s 1.
2.2
Hab
itat e
nric
hmen
t 1.
2.3
Con
trol o
f inv
asiv
e sp
ecie
s A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Exi
stin
g pl
ans
Out
put
Indi
cato
rs
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Upd
ate
the
PA g
ap a
naly
sis a
nd id
entif
y de
grad
ed
area
s ou
tsid
e th
e PA
net
wor
k an
d in
side
the
PA
ne
twor
k th
roug
h co
llect
ion
of r
elev
ant
data
and
an
alys
is (
all
ecos
yste
ms
incl
udin
g co
asta
l an
d m
arin
e)
DW
LC, F
D, N
AR
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, M
EPA
, D
oA, D
oNB
G, D
oNZG
, U
nive
rsiti
es
NB
SAP
20
16-2
022
Gap
ana
lysi
s co
mpl
eted
, de
grad
ed a
reas
id
entif
ied
25%
25
%
50%
2 Pr
iorit
ize
degr
aded
ar
eas/
rest
orat
ion
inte
rven
tions
/eco
syst
ems
DW
LC, F
D, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D, M
EPA
Rep
orts
pub
lishe
d
100%
3 M
ap d
egra
ded
area
s D
WLC
, FD
, CEA
, C
C&
CR
MD
, MEP
A
NB
SAP
20
16-2
022
Map
s pre
pare
d
5 area
s 10
ar
eas
4 Pr
epar
e m
anag
emen
t pl
ans
for
prio
ritiz
ed a
reas
id
entif
ying
cau
ses
for
habi
tat
degr
adat
ion
and
prov
idin
g so
lutio
ns
DW
LC, F
D, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D,
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
20
15-2
022
Num
ber.
of P
A’s
ha
ving
M
anag
emen
t Pla
ns
25
%
25%
5 C
ondu
ct
re
sear
ch
on
IAS
and
esta
blis
h a
mec
hani
sm fo
r upd
atin
g na
tiona
l IA
S lis
t B
DS,
Uni
vers
ities
, N
AR
A,D
WLC
, MEP
A, F
D
NB
SAP
Mec
hani
sm
esta
blis
hed
50
%
6 D
evel
op
and
impl
emen
t sp
ecie
s sp
ecifi
c m
anag
emen
t pla
ns fo
r con
trolli
ng IA
S B
DS,
DoA
, NA
QD
A,
CEA
, DFA
R, M
ASL
, M
EPA
, SLP
A
NB
SAP
Num
ber.
of
Man
agem
ent P
lans
50%
50
%
7 Es
tabl
ish
a m
anag
emen
t m
echa
nism
by
de
velo
ping
an
impl
emen
tatio
n st
rate
gy to
pro
tect
cr
itica
l ha
bita
ts
outs
ide
PA
netw
ork
with
re
fere
nce
to c
limat
e ch
ange
ada
ptat
ion
DW
LC, F
D, C
EA, N
AR
A,
CC
&C
RM
D
NB
SAP
Num
ber.
of P
As
and
MPA
s es
tabl
ishe
d
20%
149
8 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s an
d am
end
polic
y if
nece
ssar
y B
DS,
M/S
D &
WL
Fi
nal P
olic
y
100%
9 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy
of
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
to
im
plem
ent
the
IND
C
and
build
ca
paci
ty
acco
rdin
gly
and
stre
ngth
en th
e ne
wly
est
ablis
hed
mar
ine
divi
sion
in th
e D
WLC
DW
LC, F
D, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D, M
EPA
N
BSA
P
Mar
ine
unit
esta
blis
hed
in
DW
LC, N
umbe
r of
off
icer
s tra
ined
in
Mar
ine
sect
or
10%
10
%
10%
10
Rec
over
/Res
tora
tion/
th
reat
ened
an
d en
dem
ic
spec
ies
FD, D
oNB
G, D
WLC
, D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a 20
15-
2022
N
BSA
P
Num
ber.
of
thre
aten
ed
/end
emic
spec
ies
reco
vere
d/re
stor
ed
3 sp
eci
es
3 spec
ies
11
Res
tore
id
entif
ied
degr
aded
ar
eas
incl
udin
g te
rres
trial
, fre
shw
ater
and
mar
ine
DW
LC, F
D, C
EA,
CC
&C
RM
D, M
EPA
D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a
2015
-202
2 N
BSA
P
Det
aile
d im
plem
enta
tion
plan
25%
12
Prep
are
deta
iled
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an i
n-or
der t
o im
plem
ent t
he I
ND
Cs
incl
udin
g ac
tions
suc
h as
; as
sess
men
t of
tech
nolo
gy
requ
irem
ents
, ca
lcul
atio
n of
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l an
d un
cond
ition
al),
dem
arca
tion
of th
e id
entif
ied
land
/acq
uisi
tion,
in
trodu
ctio
n of
in
cent
ive
sche
mes
fo
r re
stor
atio
n,
habi
tat
enric
hmen
t, pu
blic
atio
n of
eco
syst
em s
peci
fic b
est
prac
tices
, et
c
BD
S, D
WLC
, FD
, CEA
, C
C&
CR
MD
Det
aile
d im
plem
enta
tion
plan
25
%
75%
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
2 2.
Incr
ease
con
nect
ivity
thro
ugh
corr
idor
s, la
ndsc
ape/
mat
rix
impr
ovem
ent a
nd m
anag
emen
t 2.
1 M
inim
ize
hum
an-a
nim
al c
onfli
ct
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s E
xist
ing
Plan
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y cu
rren
t st
atus
(da
ta )
on
dis
tribu
tion,
m
igra
tory
co
rrid
ors,
land
scap
e/
mat
rix
and
iden
tify
the
need
of c
orrid
ors
DW
LC, F
D, B
DS,
SEA
, C
C&
CR
MD
, M
oPR
E
Rep
ort
10%
40
%
50%
150
2 C
ondu
ct s
tudi
es o
n sp
ecie
s m
igra
tion
and
area
s ne
edin
g co
nnec
tivity
(fo
r el
epha
nts,
wha
les
and
dolp
hins
)
FD, D
WLC
,CC
&C
RM
D,
MEP
A,B
DS
N
umbe
r. of
stud
ies
10%
40
%
50%
3 Pr
iorit
ize
area
s for
con
nect
ivity
FD
, DW
LC,C
C&
CR
MD
, M
EPA
,BD
S
Rep
ort
25
%
75%
4 M
ap c
orrid
ors t
o be
con
nect
ed
FD, D
WLC
, BD
S
Map
s pre
pare
d
25%
75
%
5 D
ecla
re
corr
idor
s to
lin
k fr
agm
ente
d cr
itica
l ha
bita
ts
FD, D
WLC
, BD
S D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a
2015
-202
2
Num
ber.
of
corr
idor
s, Ex
tent
of
link
ages
es
tabl
ishe
d
10%
6 Id
entif
y ke
y w
ildlif
e sp
ecie
s th
at
com
e in
to
conf
lict
with
hum
ans
and
impl
emen
t an
act
ion
plan
in
adap
tive
man
ner
in m
inim
izin
g hu
man
-an
imal
con
flict
FD, D
WLC
, Min
. of
Ship
ping
D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a N
umbe
r. of
in
itiat
ives
take
n 10
%
10%
10
%
7 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s an
d am
endm
ent o
f pol
icy
if ne
cess
ary
BD
S, M
/ WL&
SD
A
men
dmen
ts to
po
licy
25%
25
%
25%
8 Pr
epar
e a
deta
iled
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an i
n-or
der
to i
mpl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s in
clud
ing
actio
ns s
uch
as;
calc
ulat
ion
of
fin
anci
al
requ
irem
ents
(c
ondi
tiona
l and
unc
ondi
tiona
l), la
nd a
cqui
sitio
n,
dem
arca
tion
of
prop
osed
la
nds
to
use
as
conn
ectiv
ity,
iden
tific
atio
n o
f th
e ad
equa
cy o
f in
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
and
bu
ild
capa
city
ac
cord
ingl
y,
stud
y th
e ef
fect
iven
ess
of t
he c
onne
ctiv
ity a
nd
rede
sign
, es
tabl
ishm
ent
of
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
, de
velo
ping
an
actio
n pl
an t
o m
inim
ize
hum
an –
anim
al c
onfli
ct, e
tc
DW
LC,F
D, B
DS,
BD
S,
SEA
, MoP
RE,
Irrig
atio
n D
ept.
D
etai
led
Plan
10
0%
151
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
3 3.
Im
prov
e m
anag
emen
t, an
d co
nsid
er in
crea
sing
the
exte
nt o
f pro
tect
ed a
reas
, buf
fer
zone
s an
d cr
eate
new
ar
eas i
n th
e vu
lner
able
zon
es
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Stud
y an
d i
dent
ify a
dditi
onal
are
as t
o be
und
er
prot
ecte
d ar
ea n
etw
ork,
buf
fer
zone
s an
d ne
w
area
s in
vuln
erab
le z
ones
FD, D
WLC
and
CEA
, M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D
Gap
ana
lysi
s com
plet
ed, B
asel
ine
surv
eys c
ondu
cted
at c
ritic
al si
tes
5%
15%
15
%
2 Ta
ke i
nven
tory
of
all
site
s th
at a
re i
dent
ified
as
criti
cal h
abita
ts fo
r bio
dive
rsity
con
serv
atio
n B
DS,
uni
vers
ities
, N
atio
nal M
useu
m,
DoN
BG
Inve
ntor
ies
20
%
20%
3 Pr
epar
e an
d im
plem
ent
man
agem
ent
plan
s fo
r pr
iorit
ized
are
as in
clud
ing
mar
ine,
wet
land
s etc
. FD
, DW
LC a
nd C
EA,
MEP
A, C
C&
CR
MD
, C
EA
Num
ber.
of M
anag
emen
t Pla
ns
25
%
50%
4 Pr
epar
e a
deta
iled
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an i
n-or
der
to i
mpl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s in
clud
ing
actio
ns s
uch
as; i
dent
ifica
tion
of p
olic
y ga
ps, i
dent
ifica
tion
the
adeq
uacy
of
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
, cal
cula
tion
of
finan
cial
req
uire
men
ts
(con
ditio
nal
and
unco
nditi
onal
), de
clar
atio
n of
ne
w a
reas
, dem
arca
tion
of th
e re
quire
d la
nd/la
nd
acqu
isiti
on a
ccor
ding
to le
gal/g
azet
te b
ound
arie
s, pr
ovid
e al
tern
ativ
e liv
elih
ood
for
affe
cted
pe
rson
s, et
c
FD, D
WLC
, CEA
, M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D,
BD
S
Det
aile
d Pl
an
100%
5 D
ecla
re n
ew P
As a
nd M
PAs
FD, D
WLC
, MEP
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, M
in o
f To
uris
m, S
hipp
ing,
A
rcha
eolo
gy
Num
ber o
f are
as d
ecla
red
25%
25
%
50%
152
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
4 4.
Iden
tify
biod
iver
sity
hot
pots
in S
ri L
anka
and
upg
rade
them
4.
1Con
duct
bas
elin
e su
rvey
s to
iden
tify
the
stat
us o
f the
bio
dive
rsity
hot
spot
4.
2 U
pgra
de le
gal s
tatu
s A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le A
genc
ies
Exi
stin
g pl
ans
Out
put I
ndic
ator
s T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 D
efin
e bi
odiv
ersi
ty h
otsp
ots
BD
S
Loca
l BD
hot
spot
s de
fined
10
0%
2 C
ondu
ct a
lite
ratu
re s
urve
y an
d sc
reen
ing
of
deve
lopm
ent p
lans
/Red
Lis
t to
shor
t lis
t hot
spot
s an
d co
nduc
t res
earc
h fo
r dat
a de
ficie
nt sp
ecie
s
BD
S, D
WLC
R
ed li
st 2
012
Iden
tifie
d ho
tspo
ts
10
%
10%
3 C
ondu
ct a
pre
limin
ary
surv
ey t
o ve
rify
stat
us
with
lite
ratu
re /
Con
duct
bas
elin
e su
rvey
s to
id
entif
y th
e st
atus
of t
he b
iodi
vers
ity h
otsp
ot
BD
S, D
WLC
N
BSA
P
2016
-201
7 N
umbe
r. of
surv
eys
25
%
25%
4 C
ondu
ct
and
faci
litat
e th
e re
sear
ch
on
biod
iver
sity
hot
spot
s D
WLC
, FD
, BD
S,
Uni
vers
ities
, NA
RA
Num
ber.
of re
sear
ch
cond
ucte
d in
ar
eas/
num
ber.
spec
ies c
over
ed
25
%
30%
5 U
pdat
e th
e re
sear
ch r
esul
ts i
n a
com
mon
por
tal
for v
alid
atio
n
BD
S, D
WLC
Num
ber.
of
valid
atio
n w
orks
hops
co
nduc
ted
30
%
70%
6 U
pdat
e th
e co
nser
vatio
n st
atus
of t
he sp
ecie
s w
ith
Nat
iona
l Red
Lis
t B
DS
BC
AP
and
NB
SAP
Red
list
Pub
licat
ion-
2017
100%
7 Pr
epar
e m
anag
emen
t pl
ans
for
high
ly t
hrea
tene
d sp
ecie
s B
DS,
DoN
ZG, D
oNB
G,
DW
LC, M
EPA
, C
C&
CR
MD
, Shi
ppin
g
N
umbe
r. of
M
anag
emen
t Pla
ns
10
%
15%
8 D
evel
op a
mec
hani
sm t
o in
clud
e bi
odiv
ersi
ty
hots
pots
in a
PA
and
MPA
net
wor
k
BD
S, D
oNZG
, DoN
BG
, D
WLC
, MEP
A,
CC
&C
RM
D
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
20
15-2
022
NB
SAP
Num
ber.
of n
ew
hots
pots
iden
tifie
d,
exte
nt o
f PA
ne
twor
k in
crea
sed
20
%
30%
9 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s an
d am
endm
ent o
f pol
icy
if ne
cess
ary
DW
LC, B
DS,
FD
. C
C&
CR
MD
, CEA
Num
ber o
f Pol
icy
gaps
Iden
tifie
d 25
%
75%
153
10
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r in
stitu
tions
to
im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s B
DS
In
stitu
tions
id
entif
ied
10
0%
11
Iden
tify
adeq
uacy
of
in
stitu
tiona
l ca
paci
ty
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
an
d bu
ild
capa
city
ac
cord
ingl
y
BD
S, D
oNZG
, DoN
BG
, M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NA
RA
, FD
, DW
LC,
Ev
alua
tion
Rep
orts
25
25
12
Esta
blis
h a
pow
erfu
l ag
ency
to
re
gula
te/c
oord
inat
e al
l th
e ag
enci
es
wor
k in
bi
odiv
ersi
ty s
ecto
r an
d im
plem
ent e
ffec
tivel
y th
e po
licy
reco
mm
enda
tion
and
IND
Cs
BD
S, D
WLC
, FD
, Pr
esid
entia
l sec
reta
riat,
Num
ber o
f pol
icie
s, re
gula
tions
im
plem
ente
d,
num
ber o
f PA
s and
M
PSs e
stab
lishe
d,
Am
ount
of f
und
rais
es
13
Ass
ess t
echn
olog
y re
quire
men
ts
BD
S, D
oNZG
, DoN
BG
, M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NA
RA
, FD
, DW
LC,
MEP
A
D
etai
led
IND
Cs
impl
emen
tatio
n re
port
25%
25
%
50%
14
Cal
cula
te f
inan
cial
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
) B
DS,
DoN
ZG, D
oNB
G,
MEP
A, C
C&
CR
MD
, N
AR
A, F
D, D
WLC
, M
EPA
C
alcu
late
d re
port
on
cond
ition
al a
nd
unco
nditi
onal
50
%
50%
15
Prep
are
deta
iled
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an in
-ord
er to
im
plem
ent t
he I
ND
Cs
incl
udin
g ac
tions
suc
h as
; de
clar
atio
n of
bi
odiv
ersi
ty
hots
pots
le
gally
ac
cord
ing
to th
reat
ened
sta
tus,
impl
emen
tatio
n of
m
anag
emen
t pla
ns
BD
S, D
oNZG
, DoN
BG
, M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NA
RA
, FD
, DW
LC,
D
etai
led
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
20
%
80%
154
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
5 5.
Pro
mot
e tr
aditi
onal
met
hods
of b
iodi
vers
ity c
onse
rvat
ion
for
incr
ease
d re
silie
nce
in a
groe
cosy
stem
s 5.
1 Pr
omot
ion
of tr
aditi
onal
met
hods
and
indi
geno
us k
now
ledg
e 5.
2 Pr
omot
e no
n-tra
ditio
nal m
etho
ds w
hich
are
in h
arm
ony
with
nat
ure
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s E
xist
ing
plan
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Col
lect
dat
a, d
ocum
ent
and
prot
ect
tradi
tiona
l m
etho
ds,
tradi
tiona
l fo
reca
stin
g m
etho
ds,
avai
labi
lity
of tr
aditi
onal
var
ietie
s w
ith r
esili
ent
char
acte
r, et
c
Dep
artm
ent o
f A
gric
ultu
re, A
grar
ian
Serv
ices
and
Exp
ort
Agr
icul
ture
, NIP
O,
D/A
yurv
eda,
BD
S
NB
SAP
Doc
umen
ted
tradi
tiona
l kn
owle
dge
10%
40
%
50%
2 C
heck
trad
ition
al k
now
ledg
e at
the
grou
nd le
vel
Dep
artm
ent o
f A
gric
ultu
re, A
grar
ian
Serv
ices
and
Exp
ort
Agr
icul
ture
, D/A
yurv
eda
Act
ion
plan
of
Dep
t of
Agr
icul
ture
Rep
orts
10
%
50%
40
%
4 Id
entif
y fa
rmer
gro
ups,
to c
reat
e se
ed b
anks
ac
cord
ing
to a
gro
ecol
ogic
al z
ones
and
faci
litat
e th
em f
or c
reat
ion
of s
eed
bank
s by
pro
visi
on o
f te
chno
logy
and
oth
er re
quire
men
ts
Dep
artm
ent o
f A
gric
ultu
re, A
grar
ian
Serv
ices
and
Exp
ort
Agr
icul
ture
Act
ion
plan
of
Dep
t of
Agr
icul
ture
Num
ber.
of fa
rmer
gr
oups
iden
tifie
d,
20%
30
%
30%
5 Id
entif
y tra
ditio
nal
varie
ties
to b
e cu
ltiva
ted
by
farm
ers
in
dry
seas
on,
and
trans
fer
such
kn
owle
dge
to fa
rmer
s
Dep
artm
ent o
f A
gric
ultu
re, A
grar
ian
Serv
ices
and
Exp
ort
Agr
icul
ture
Act
ion
plan
of
Dep
t of
Agr
icul
ture
Iden
tifie
d va
rietie
s-R
epor
t, N
umbe
r. of
aw
aren
ess c
reat
ion
prog
ram
mes
40%
50
%
10%
6 Id
entif
y im
plem
entin
g ga
ps/c
onfli
ct o
f in
tere
sts
with
rega
rd to
man
date
s with
in in
stitu
tions
D
epar
tmen
t of
Agr
icul
ture
, Agr
aria
n Se
rvic
es a
nd E
xpor
t A
gric
ultu
re
G
aps i
dent
ified
, im
plem
entin
g m
echa
nism
id
entif
ied
50
%
50%
155
7 Pr
epar
e a
deta
iled
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an in
-ord
er
to im
plem
ent t
he I
ND
Cs
incl
udin
g ac
tions
suc
h as
; ide
ntifi
catio
n of
pol
icy
gaps
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
Cs,
iden
tific
atio
n th
e ad
equa
cy
of
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
, es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f see
d ba
nks o
f res
ilien
t var
ietie
s, ca
lcul
atio
n of
finan
cial
re
quire
men
ts
(con
ditio
nal a
nd u
ncon
ditio
nal)m
aint
ain
plot
s of
tra
ditio
nal
varie
ties
by
farm
ers,
awar
enes
s cr
eatio
n/ tr
ansf
er o
f kno
wle
dge
to o
ther
farm
ers,
etc
Dep
artm
ent o
f A
gric
ultu
re, A
grar
ian
Serv
ices
and
Exp
ort
Agr
icul
ture
, D/A
yurv
eda,
B
DS
D
etai
led
plan
10
0%
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
6 6.
Im
plem
ent c
omm
unity
dri
ven
cons
erva
tion
proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s E
xist
ing
plan
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
and
docu
men
t cu
rren
t st
atus
on
co
mm
unity
dr
iven
co
nser
vatio
n pr
ojec
ts
and
prog
ram
mes
, le
sson
s le
arnt
in
impl
emen
tatio
n an
d ca
tego
rizat
ion
of
the
com
mun
ity d
riven
pr
ogra
ms w
ith e
xist
ing
set-u
p
DW
LC, F
D, N
AR
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, M
EPA
, B
DS
R
epor
t on
less
ons
lear
nt
100%
2 Id
entif
y ta
rget
ar
eas
and
plac
es
that
ne
eds
com
mun
ity
driv
en
cons
erva
tion
proj
ects
an
d pr
ogra
mm
es
and
asse
ssm
ent
of
cons
erva
tion
bene
fits
DW
LC,F
D,N
AR
A,
CC
&C
RM
D,M
EPA
, BD
S
Num
ber.
of
iden
tifie
d pl
aces
50
%
50%
3 C
ondu
ct
awar
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es
for
loca
l co
mm
uniti
es
on
impa
cts
on
clim
ate
chan
ge,
loca
l bi
odiv
ersi
ty a
nd e
cosy
stem
s in
vul
nera
ble
area
s
DW
LC, F
D, C
C&
CR
MD
, M
MD
&E ,
NG
Os,
BD
S,
MEP
A
Dra
ft N
AP
Num
ber.
of
awar
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es
cond
ucte
d.
20%
20
%
20%
4 O
rgan
ize
loca
l CB
Os
for m
onito
r the
cha
nges
in
loca
l eco
syst
ems a
nd b
iodi
vers
ity
FD, D
WLC
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NG
Os,
MM
D&
E,
MEP
A
Dra
ft N
AP
Num
ber.
of C
BO
s or
gani
zed
20%
20
%
20%
5 In
crea
se p
artic
ipat
ion
of l
ocal
com
mun
ities
in
adap
tive
man
agem
ent
prog
ram
mes
and
inc
reas
e em
ploy
men
t op
portu
nitie
s in
co
nser
vatio
n
FD, D
WLC
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NG
Os
Dra
ft N
AP
Num
ber.
of n
ew
empl
oym
ent
oppo
rtuni
ties c
reat
ed
20%
20
%
50%
156
prog
ram
mes
6
Des
ign
the
cons
erva
tion
prog
ram
mes
w
ith
rele
vant
exp
erts
and
con
duct
pilo
t stu
dies
to s
ee
effe
ctiv
enes
s of t
he p
lann
ed p
rogr
amm
es
FD, D
WLC
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NG
Os
N
umbe
r. of
pilo
t st
udie
s con
duct
ed
20
%
50%
7 D
evel
op a
mec
hani
sm t
o im
prov
e liv
elih
ood
of
surr
ound
ing
com
mun
ities
th
ereb
y re
duci
ng
depe
nden
cy o
n PA
reso
urce
s
DW
LC, B
DS,
C
C&
CR
MD
, D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a N
umbe
r. of
pr
ogra
mm
es
deve
lope
d
20
%
50%
8 Pr
epar
e a
deta
iled
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an in
-ord
er
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s in
clud
ing
iden
tific
atio
n of
pol
icy
gaps
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s an
d am
endm
ent o
f po
licy
if ne
cess
ary,
iden
tific
atio
n th
e ad
equa
cy
of
inst
itutio
nal
capa
city
to
im
plem
ent
the
IND
C
and
build
ca
paci
ty
acco
rdin
gly,
as
sess
men
t
of
te
chno
logy
re
quire
men
ts
and
calc
ulat
ion
of
fin
anci
al
requ
irem
ents
(con
ditio
nal a
nd u
ncon
ditio
nal)
FD, D
WLC
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NG
Os,
BD
S
10
0%
Bio
dive
rsity
Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
7 7.
Est
ablis
h an
d im
plem
ent e
x-si
tu c
onse
rvat
ion
prog
ram
s
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s E
xist
ing
plan
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
1
Iden
tify
spec
ies
requ
iring
ex-
situ
con
serv
atio
n m
easu
res,
and
prio
ritiz
atio
n of
spec
ies
DW
LC, F
D, D
oNB
G,
Do N
ZG, N
AR
A, M
EPA
, C
C&
CR
MD
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
2015
-20
22
NB
SAP
2016
-20
22
Prio
ritiz
ed sp
ecie
s lis
ts
50%
50
%
2 Id
entif
y in
dica
tor
spec
ies/
po
int
ende
mic
or
cr
itica
lly e
ndan
gere
d sp
ecie
s D
WLC
, FD
, DoN
BG
, D
o NZG
, NA
RA
, BD
S,
MEP
A
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
2015
-20
22
NB
SAP
2016
-20
22
Iden
tifie
d sp
ecie
s lis
ts
50%
50
%
3 Fa
cilit
ate
rese
arch
on
id
entif
ied
spec
ies
requ
iring
ex-
situ
con
serv
atio
n m
easu
res
DW
LC, F
D, D
oNB
G,
DoN
ZG, N
AR
A, B
DS
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
2015
-20
22
Num
ber.
of re
sear
ch
cond
ucte
d 5%
30
%
30%
157
NB
SAP
2016
-20
22
4 Pr
epar
e re
cove
ry
and
man
agem
ent
plan
s fo
r pr
iorit
ized
spec
ies
DW
LC, F
D, D
oNB
G,
DoN
ZG, N
AR
A, B
DS
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
2015
-20
22
NB
SAP
2016
-20
22
Num
ber.
of
reco
very
/man
agem
ent
pla
ns
50
%
50%
5 Id
entif
y su
itabl
e ar
eas
and
loca
tions
for
res
tore
th
eir h
abita
ts a
nd p
rovi
de fo
r the
ir re
intro
duct
ion
and
trans
loca
tion
DW
LC, F
D, D
oNB
G ,
DoN
ZG, N
AR
A, B
DS
D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a 20
15-
2022
N
BSA
P 20
16-
2022
Iden
tifie
d sp
ecie
s lis
ts, N
umbe
r. of
th
reat
ened
con
serv
ed
10%
20
%
40%
6 Es
tabl
ish
ex-s
itu
faci
litie
s (b
otan
ic,
zool
ogic
al,
med
icin
al,
cultu
ral
gard
ens,
wel
and
park
s, ar
bore
ta,
field
gen
e ba
nks,
Urb
an p
arks
) an
d m
anda
te th
em to
un
derta
ke e
x -si
tu c
onse
rvat
ion
of b
iodi
vers
ity
DoN
BG
, DoN
ZG, B
DS,
D
oA, U
DA
D
raft
Har
itha
Lank
a 20
15-
2022
, Dra
ft N
BSA
P
Num
ber.
of b
otan
ic,
zool
ogic
al, m
edic
inal
, cu
ltura
l gar
dens
, fie
ld
gene
ban
ks e
stab
lishe
d
10%
10
%
25%
7 Es
tabl
ish
ex-s
itu
bree
ding
/
prop
agat
ion
prog
ram
mes
for t
hrea
tene
d flo
ra a
nd fa
una
DW
LC, F
D, D
oNB
G,
DoN
ZG, N
AR
A, B
DS,
M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D,
NA
QD
A
Dra
ft H
arith
a La
nka
2015
-20
22
Num
ber.
of
bree
ding
/ pr
opag
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
es
cond
ucte
d
25
%
50%
8 Pr
epar
e de
taile
d im
plem
enta
tion
plan
; id
entif
icat
ion
of
polic
y ga
ps
to
impl
emen
t IN
DC
s, am
endm
ent
of
polic
y if
nece
ssar
y,
iden
tific
atio
n of
the
ade
quac
y of
ins
titut
iona
l ca
paci
ty
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
an
d bu
ild
capa
city
acc
ordi
ngly
, ass
essm
ent
of t
echn
olog
y re
quire
men
ts,
calc
ulat
ion
of
fin
anci
al
requ
irem
ents
(co
nditi
onal
and
unc
ondi
tiona
l), to
be
incl
uded
in-o
rder
to im
plem
ent t
he IN
DC
s
DW
LC, F
D, D
oNB
G,
DoN
ZG, N
AR
A, B
DS,
M
EPA
, CC
&C
RM
D,
100%
158
159
160
Introduction
Today most of the dwellers in urban and cities struggle with the consequences of unsustainable physical growth expansion. Urban, city planning and human settlements are closely connected areas that come under the direct influence of climate change impacts. Local Authorities and their inhabitants are faced with droughts, floods, air pollution, land degradation, deforestation and rising sea levels. These impacts have direct repercussions on basic living standards of the population. In Sri Lanka, city planning and human settlements are two areas that received limited attention despite their importance in connection to climate change adaptation.
1. INDCs of Urban, City Planning and human Settlements Sector
1. Mainstream climate reliance in physical and urban planning and incorporated them for planning for development projects. 1.1 Incorporate mechanisms to improve urban macro/micro climatic conditions. 1.2 Conserve wet lands and water bodies close to urban and settlement areas. 1.3 Protect & enhance green coverage, green corridors in urban and settlement planning. 1.4 Improve air circulation when planning urban areas. 1.5 Incorporate disaster prevention, environmental friendly mechanisms
2. Development of disaster prevention and environment friendly mechanisms especially for floods in western province and incorporate them for planning in development projects
3. Promote climate resilience building designing and alternative materials for construction. 3.1.Design based on green building guidelines 3.2.Incorporate disaster prevention guidelines 3.3.Incorporate low cost environment friendly materials
4. Minimize the impacts on human settlements and infrastructure due erratic changes in population. 4.1. Follow NPPD and NBRO guidelines 4.2. Enforce rules and regulations to prevent unauthorized settlements
5. Enhance the resilience of human settlements and infrastructure to extreme weather event. 5.1.Infrastructure facilities giving due consideration to contour line and soil conservation
methods particularly in hilly areas 5.2.Design and maintenance of infrastructure giving due consideration to the run off system
and flooding 6. Minimize the impact of sea level rise on costal settlements and infrastructure.
6.1.Design infrastructure & structures to face sea level rise 6.2.Shifting urban densification inward 6.3.Demarcate protection areas from sea level
7. Greening cities by introducing urban forest parks, roof top gardens, vertical gardens, wetland parks and road side planting.
161
Note
Newly proposed INDCs presented in italicised font.
2. Strategies, related Ministries and their responsibilities
Number Strategy
Related Ministry/Ministries and percentage responsibilities
1 Mainstream climate amelioration in physical and urban planning and incorporate them in planning for development projects
MMP&WD (100%)
2
Development of disaster prevention and environment friendly mechanisms especially for floods in western province and incorporate them in planning for development projects.
MMP&WD (100%)
3 Implementation of green and environmentally friendly building guidelines (G&EFBG) including the aspects of climate resilience
MMP&WD (75%), MH&C (25%)
4 Minimize the impacts on human settlements and infrastructure due to erratic changes in population
MH&C (100%)
5 Enhance the resilience of human settlements and infrastructure to extreme weather events
MH&C (100%)
6 Minimize the impacts of sea level rise on coastal settlements and infrastructure
MMP&WD (50%) MH&C (50%)
7 Greening cities by introducing green areas to increase the green cover
MMP&WD (75%) MH&C (25%)
162
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of M
ega
polis
& W
este
rn D
evel
opm
ent
Rea
dine
ss A
ctio
n Pl
an o
f Urb
an &
city
pla
nnin
g, a
nd h
uman
sett
lem
ents
sect
or fo
r IN
DC
s of S
ri L
anka
Ph
ysic
al p
erfo
rman
ce T
arge
t 201
7-20
19
Subs
ecto
r-U
rban
& c
ity p
lann
ing
Stra
tegy
-01
Stra
tegy
- Mai
nstr
eam
clim
ate
amel
iora
tion
in p
hysi
cal a
nd u
rban
pla
nnin
g an
d in
corp
orat
ed th
em fo
r pl
anni
ng fo
r de
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
s K
PI -P
erce
ntag
e im
prov
emen
t and
Num
ber o
f clim
ate
chan
ge a
dapt
atio
n re
late
d en
viro
nmen
t ser
vice
s.
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s
Out
put I
ndic
ator
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
01
Iden
tify
furth
er re
quire
men
ts o
f the
impr
ovem
ents
of u
rban
cl
imat
ic c
ondi
tions
U
DA
N
umbe
r of r
equi
red
clim
ate
cond
ition
s xx
x
02
Iden
tify
the
pote
ntia
l im
porta
nce
of d
ecla
ratio
n a
nd o
r co
nser
vatio
n of
sele
cted
wet
land
s and
wat
er b
odie
s clo
se to
urb
an
and
settl
emen
t are
as
UD
A,S
LLR
DC
, NPP
D
Num
ber o
f im
porta
nt a
nd se
lect
ed w
etla
nds
and
wat
er b
odie
s xx
x
03
Iden
tify
pote
ntia
l im
porta
nce
of g
reen
cov
erag
e an
d gr
een
corr
idor
s an
d g
aps i
n g
reen
ing
plan
- 20
20
UD
A,S
LLR
DC
, NPP
D
Num
ber o
f gre
en st
ruct
ures
xx
x
04
Intro
duce
/Inco
rpor
ate
polic
y gu
idel
ines
for g
reen
bui
ldin
g te
chno
logi
es a
nd e
nerg
y ef
ficie
nt b
uild
ing
tech
nolo
gies
. U
DA
N
umbe
r of b
uild
ings
con
stru
cted
acc
ordi
ng
to th
e po
licy
guid
elin
es
xxx
05
Iden
tify
gaps
in e
xist
ing
urba
n pl
ans o
n im
prov
emen
ts o
f air
circ
ulat
ion
U
DA
N
umbe
r of i
dent
ified
gap
s xx
x
06
Rev
iew
the
all a
spec
ts a
nd c
olle
cted
info
rmat
ion
of th
e ab
ove
01,0
2,03
and
05
and
esta
blis
hmen
t of d
atab
ase
on m
ains
tream
cl
imat
e am
elio
ratio
n in
pla
nnin
g
MM
P&W
D
Num
ber o
f rev
ived
asp
ects
and
the
data
base
es
tabl
ishe
d xx
x
07
Iden
tify
gaps
in e
xist
ing
plan
s rel
ated
to th
e ab
ove
01,0
2,03
and
05
and
prep
are
repo
rt to
inco
rpor
ate
the
gap
fillin
g ac
tiviti
es to
this
ac
tion
plan
UD
A,S
LLR
DC
, NPP
D
Num
ber o
f gap
repo
rts
xx
x
08
Prep
arat
ion
of d
raft
cons
olid
ated
act
ion
plan
incl
udin
g th
e ab
ove
01,0
2,03
,05
and
07
MM
P&W
D
Con
solid
ated
Act
ion
Plan
xxx
09
Rev
iew
the
draf
t act
ion
plan
and
fina
lizat
ion
M
MP&
WD
Fi
naliz
ed A
ctio
n Pl
an
xx
x
10
Con
duct
(min
i) St
rate
gic
Envi
ronm
ent A
sses
smen
t for
Act
ion
Plan
an
d id
entif
y al
l miti
gatio
n m
easu
res t
o m
inim
ize
the
envi
ronm
ent
impa
cts.
MM
P&W
D
Con
duct
ed S
trate
gic
Envi
ronm
ent
Ass
essm
ent
xx
x
11
Form
ulat
ion
of p
roje
cts t
o im
plem
ent t
he a
ctio
n pl
an
MM
P&W
D
Num
ber o
f pro
ject
s
xx
x 12
O
btai
n re
quire
d ap
prov
als f
or th
e pr
ojec
ts a
nd m
ake
inst
itutio
nal
arra
ngem
ents
M
MP&
WD
N
umbe
r of a
ppro
ved
proj
ects
xx
x xx
x
13
Don
or c
oord
inat
ion
and
prov
ide
finan
cial
ass
ista
nt fo
r act
ion
plan
pr
epar
atio
n
MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of d
onor
s, am
ount
of f
unds
xx
x xx
x xx
x
163
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of M
ega
polis
& W
este
rn D
evel
opm
ent
Act
ion
Plan
of U
rban
& c
ity p
lann
ing
and
hum
an se
ttle
men
ts se
ctor
For
IND
Cs o
f Sri
Lan
ka
Phys
ical
per
form
ance
Tar
get 2
017-
2019
Su
bsec
tor -
Urb
an &
city
pla
nnin
g St
rate
gy -0
2 St
rate
gy-D
evel
opm
ent o
f dis
aste
r pr
even
tion
and
envi
ronm
ent f
rien
dly
mec
hani
sms e
spec
ially
for
flood
s in
W. p
rovi
nce
inco
rpor
ate
them
fo
r de
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
s K
PI-R
educ
tion
in in
cide
nce
& im
pact
of f
lood
s& e
xpen
ditu
re o
n flo
od re
late
d re
lief
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
01
Col
lect
floo
ds a
nd m
eteo
rolo
gy in
form
atio
n in
wes
tern
pro
vinc
e an
d st
udy
the
exis
ting
mec
hani
sms o
f pro
tect
ion
and
prev
entio
n of
floo
ds
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
, U
DA
St
udy
repo
rts, I
dent
ified
ga
ps
xxx
02
Rev
iew
the
exis
ting
mec
hani
sms a
nd c
ondu
ct g
ap a
naly
sis s
tudy
for e
xist
ing
mec
hani
sms
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
, U
DA
Id
entif
ied
gaps
xx
x
03
Iden
tify
high
ly v
ulne
rabl
e flo
od p
rone
are
as in
Wes
tern
pro
vinc
e an
d im
plem
ent
new
mec
hani
sms i
n pi
lot s
cale
M
MP&
WD
,SLL
RD
C,
UD
A
Prio
ritiz
ed fl
ood
pron
e ar
eas,
Num
ber.
of p
ilot
proj
ects
xxx
04
Ass
es th
e ex
istin
g an
d on
goin
g pr
ojec
ts i
n ab
ove
area
s and
iden
tify
the
best
pr
actic
es
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
, U
DA
A
sses
smen
t rep
ort
xxx
05
Form
ulat
e a
data
base
on
flood
s pro
tect
ion
and
prev
entio
n in
Wes
tern
pro
vinc
e in
clud
ing
all m
echa
nism
s M
MP&
WD
,SLL
RD
C,
UD
A
Dat
abas
e es
tabl
ishe
d
xxx
xxx
06
Form
ulat
e th
e pr
ojec
ts to
pre
vent
the
loca
l flo
od in
Wes
tern
Pro
vinc
e.
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
N
umbe
r of p
erso
ns
bene
fitte
d xx
x xx
x xx
x
07
Prep
are
flood
s pro
tect
ion
and
prev
entio
n A
ctio
n Pl
an fo
r Wes
tern
Pro
vinc
e fo
r 20
20-2
030
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
, U
DA
Pr
epar
ed p
lan
xx
x
08
Dec
ide
on n
atio
nal c
ontri
butio
n an
d ex
tern
al fi
nanc
ial s
uppo
rt an
d id
entif
y so
urce
s of
ext
erna
l fin
anci
al su
ppor
t.
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
, U
DA
, MM
D&
E B
udge
t est
imat
es
xx
x xx
x
09
Cre
ate
awar
enes
s on
flood
pro
tect
ion
and
prev
entio
ns.
MM
P&W
D,S
LLR
DC
, U
DA
N
umbe
r of
even
ts/p
rogr
amm
es
xx
x xx
x
10
Stre
ngth
en th
e pr
esen
t rul
es a
nd re
gula
tions
to p
reve
nt fi
lling
mar
shy
land
s and
bl
ocki
ng c
anal
s. M
MP&
WD
,SLL
RD
C
Stre
ngth
ened
rule
s and
re
gula
tions
xx
x xx
x
11
Don
or c
oord
inat
ion
and
prov
ide
finan
cial
ass
ista
nce
for p
repa
rato
ry p
rogr
amm
e M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f Don
or,
amou
nt o
f fun
ds
xxx
xxx
xxx
164
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of M
ega
polis
& W
este
rn D
evel
opm
ent
Act
ion
Plan
of U
rban
& c
ity p
lann
ing
and
hum
an se
ttle
men
ts se
ctor
For
IND
Cs o
f Sri
Lan
ka
Phys
ical
per
form
ance
Tar
get 2
017-
2019
Su
bsec
tor-
Urb
an &
city
pla
nnin
g St
rate
gy -0
3 St
rate
gy- I
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
gre
en a
nd e
nvir
onm
enta
lly fr
iend
ly b
uild
ing
guid
elin
es (G
&E
FBG
) inc
ludi
ng th
e as
pect
s of c
limat
e re
silie
nce
KPI
-Per
cent
age
redu
ctio
n of
GH
G in
bui
ldin
g co
nstru
ctio
n se
ctor
and
impa
cts
on b
iodi
vers
ity a
nd e
nviro
nmen
t Per
cent
age
incr
ease
of p
rote
ctio
n of
bio
dive
rsity
and
env
ironm
ent
A
ctio
n
Res
pons
ibl
e A
genc
ies
Out
put I
ndic
ator
T
ime
Lin
e
2017
20
18
2019
01
Rev
iew
the
G&
EFB
G fo
r gov
ernm
ent s
ecto
r bui
ldin
gs
UD
A
Num
ber o
f rev
iew
s xx
x
02
Iden
tify
suita
ble
inst
itutio
nal a
rran
gem
ents
and
est
ablis
hmen
t of i
nstit
utio
nal
setu
p U
DA
N
umbe
r of i
nstit
utes
xx
x
03
Impl
emen
t pilo
t pro
ject
for G
&G
FBG
for g
over
nmen
t bui
ldin
gs in
clud
ing
test
ing
of ra
ting
syst
em
UD
A
Num
ber o
f pilo
t pr
ojec
ts
xxx
xxx
04
Con
duct
all
isla
nd su
rvey
on
all b
uild
ings
and
initi
ate
appl
icat
ion
of G
&EF
BG
fo
r all
build
ings
and
impr
ovem
ent o
f exi
stin
g G
&EF
BG
with
info
rmat
ion
of a
ll bu
ildin
gs
UD
A
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
, N
umbe
r. of
initi
ativ
es,
% im
plem
ent
xxx
xxx
05
Mak
e re
gula
tions
& le
galiz
e th
e G
&EF
BG
und
er U
DA
Act
U
DA
N
umbe
r of r
egul
atio
ns
xx
x xx
x
06
Stud
y fo
r cal
cula
tion
of re
duct
ion
of G
HG
in c
onst
ruct
ion
sect
or th
roug
h ap
plic
atio
n of
G&
EFB
G
MM
D&
E N
umbe
r of s
tudi
es
xx
x xx
x
07
Mak
e ar
rang
emen
ts fo
r gre
en b
uild
ing
awar
d sc
hem
e an
d cr
eate
aw
aren
ess b
y co
nduc
ting
even
ts a
nd p
ublis
hing
doc
umen
ts
UD
A
Num
ber o
f aw
ard
sche
mes
, eve
nts
&D
ocum
ents
xxx
08
Prov
ide
finan
cial
ass
ista
nce
for p
repa
rato
ry p
rogr
amm
e M
MD
&E
A
mou
nt o
f fun
ds
xxx
xxx
xxx
165
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of H
ousi
ng a
nd C
onst
ruct
ion
Act
ion
Plan
of U
rban
& C
ity P
lann
ing,
and
Hum
an S
ettle
men
ts S
ecto
r fo
r IN
DC
s of S
ri L
anka
Ph
ysic
al P
erfo
rman
ce T
arge
t 201
7-20
19
Subs
ecto
r-H
uman
Set
tlem
ents
St
rate
gy -0
4 St
rate
gy-M
inim
ize
the
impa
cts o
n hu
man
sett
lem
ents
and
infr
astr
uctu
re d
ue to
err
atic
cha
nges
in p
opul
atio
n K
PI- N
umbe
r of I
mpr
ovem
ents
in m
inim
izin
g th
e Im
pact
s on
Hum
an S
ettle
men
ts a
nd In
fras
truct
ure
due
to E
rrat
ic
Cha
nges
in P
opul
atio
n
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
01
. D
evel
op se
ttlem
ent p
lans
and
new
settl
emen
ts a
ccor
ding
to th
e
NPP
D a
nd N
BR
O g
uide
lines
, gu
idel
ines
of l
and
use
plan
, lan
d re
clam
atio
n
NH
DA
/ USD
A
Num
ber o
f Pla
ns
impr
oved
xx
x xx
x xx
x
02.
Form
ulat
e g
uide
lines
, rul
es a
nd re
gula
tions
for
hou
sing
se
ttlem
ents
N
HD
A/ U
SDA
N
umbe
r of g
uide
lines
, ru
les,
regu
latio
ns
form
ulat
ed
xxx
xxx
03.
Stre
ngth
en th
e en
forc
emen
t of
rule
s and
regu
latio
ns to
pre
vent
un
auth
oriz
ed c
onst
ruct
ions
in c
ondo
min
ium
s C
MA
N
umbe
r of r
ules
and
R
eg. e
nfor
ced
to
prev
ent u
naut
horiz
ed
settl
emen
ts
xxx
xxx
xxx
04.
Iden
tify
polic
y ga
ps to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s and
am
end
polic
y if
nece
ssar
y M
in. o
f H &
C/
NH
DA
/ CM
A/
USD
A
Num
ber o
f Gap
s id
entif
ied
xxx
xxx
05.
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent s
uch
IND
Cs
Min
. of H
& C
N
umbe
r. id
entif
ied
xxx
06.
Don
or c
oord
inat
ion
and
prov
ide
finan
cial
ass
ista
nce
for a
ctio
n pl
an p
repa
ratio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
MM
D &
E
Num
ber o
f don
ors,
Am
ount
s of f
unds
xx
x xx
x xx
x
166
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of H
ousi
ng a
nd C
onst
ruct
ion
Act
ion
Plan
of U
rban
& c
ity p
lann
ing
and
hum
an se
ttle
men
ts se
ctor
for
IND
Cs o
f Sri
Lan
ka
Phys
ical
per
form
ance
Tar
get 2
017-
2019
Su
bsec
tor-
Hum
an S
ettle
men
ts
Stra
tegy
-05
Stra
tegy
-Enh
ance
the
resi
lienc
e of
hum
an se
ttle
men
ts a
nd in
fras
truc
ture
to e
xtre
me
wea
ther
eve
nts
KPI
- Num
ber o
f im
prov
emen
ts fo
r enh
anci
ng re
silie
nce
of h
uman
settl
emen
ts &
infr
astru
ctur
e to
ext
rem
e w
eath
er e
vent
s
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
01
. Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent I
ND
Cs a
nd a
men
d of
pol
icy
if ne
cess
ary
Min
. of H
& C
/ N
HD
A/
USD
A/C
MA
Num
ber.
of G
aps
iden
tifie
d
xxx
xx
x
02.
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r ins
titut
ions
to im
plem
ent s
uch
IND
Cs
Min
. of H
& C
N
umbe
r. id
entif
ied
xxx
03.
Plan
and
des
ign
settl
emen
ts d
esig
ning
con
side
ring
disa
ster
pr
even
tion
and
envi
ronm
enta
lly fr
iend
ly m
echa
nism
s N
HD
A/ U
SDA
N
umbe
r. of
des
igns
xx
x xx
x
04.
Prep
are
draf
t act
ion
plan
M
in. o
f H &
C/
NH
DA
/ USD
A
Dra
ft ac
tion
plan
xxx
05.
Rev
iew
Dra
ft ac
tion
plan
M
in. o
f H &
C/
NH
DA
/ USD
A
Fina
lized
act
ion
plan
xxx
06.
Form
ulat
e pr
ojec
ts fo
r act
ion
plan
s M
in. o
f H &
C/
NH
DA
/ USD
A
Num
ber.
of p
roje
cts
xxx
07.
Obt
ain
requ
ired
app
rova
ls fo
r pro
ject
s and
mak
e in
stitu
tiona
l ar
rang
emen
ts
Min
. of H
& C
/ N
HD
A/ U
SDA
N
umbe
r. of
app
rova
ls
xxx
08.
Don
or c
oord
inat
ion
and
prov
ide
finan
cial
ass
ista
nce
for a
ctio
n pl
an p
repa
ratio
n M
MD
& E
N
umbe
r. of
Don
or /
Am
ount
s of f
unds
xx
x xx
x xx
x
167
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of H
ousi
ng a
nd C
onst
ruct
ion
Act
ion
Plan
of U
rban
& c
ity p
lann
ing
and
hum
an se
ttle
men
ts se
ctor
for
IND
Cs o
f Sri
Lan
ka
Phys
ical
per
form
ance
Tar
get 2
017-
2019
Su
bsec
tor-
Urb
an &
city
pla
nnin
g St
rate
gy 0
6 St
rate
gy-M
inim
ize
the
impa
ct o
f sea
leve
l ris
e on
coa
stal
sett
lem
ents
and
infr
astr
uctu
re
KPI
–Pe
rcen
tage
incr
ease
of p
rote
ctio
n fr
om a
nd a
dapt
abili
ty fo
r sea
leve
l ris
e
A
ctio
n
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
ies
O
utpu
t Ind
icat
or
Tim
e L
ine
2017
20
18
2019
01
R
evie
w o
f pre
pare
d v
ulne
rabi
lity
map
s in
coas
tal
area
s inc
ludi
ng h
uman
settl
emen
t and
infr
astru
ctur
e
CC
S,C
C&
CR
MD
, M
EPA
,UD
A,N
PPD
N
umbe
r. of
revi
ewed
asp
ects
xx
x xx
x xx
x
02
Iden
tify
activ
ities
rela
ted
to a
bove
(1) w
hich
will
be
plan
ned
to im
plem
ent a
fter 2
020
C
CS
MM
P&W
D, U
DA
N
umbe
r of a
ctiv
ities
iden
tifie
d xx
x
03
Iden
tify
mos
t vul
nera
ble
coas
tal a
reas
rel
ated
to a
bove
(2
) and
prio
ritiz
ing
CC
S M
in. o
f H &
C
MM
P&W
D,U
DA
Com
plet
e re
port
on v
ulne
rabl
e ar
eas
xxx
xxx
xxx
04
Det
erm
ine
and
plan
suita
ble
prot
ectiv
e &
pre
vent
ive
stru
ctur
es, f
or p
riorit
ized
are
as
MM
P&W
D
CC
&C
RM
D,
MEP
A,U
DA
Effe
ctiv
e pl
an
xxx
xxx
05
Iden
tify
the
polic
y ga
ps in
rese
ttlem
ent p
lann
ing
U
DA
G
aps i
dent
ified
xx
x
06
A
men
d po
licie
s / a
cts a
ccor
ding
to (5
) M
MP&
WD
, UD
A
Num
ber o
f am
endm
ents
took
pl
ace
xx
x xx
x
07
Cre
ate
awar
enes
s am
ong
coas
tal c
omm
uniti
es o
n gr
een
& e
nviro
nmen
tal f
riend
ly b
uild
ing
guid
elin
es
UD
A,
SLLR
DC
N
umbe
r. of
aw
aren
ess p
rogr
ams
cond
ucte
d xx
x xx
x xx
x
08
Prep
are
deta
iled
plan
incl
udin
g fin
anci
al/te
chni
cal
requ
irem
ents
, ins
titut
iona
l stre
ngth
enin
g &
cap
acity
bu
ildin
g re
late
d to
act
iviti
es o
f abo
ve 2
UD
A,
SLLR
DC
C
ompr
ehen
sive
pla
n xx
x xx
x xx
x
09
Iden
tify
the
need
of r
eset
tlem
ent a
nd p
repa
re
rese
ttlem
ent p
lan
U
DA
C
ompl
eted
pla
n X
XX
X
XX
X
XX
10
Prep
are
proj
ect p
ropo
sals
, obt
ain
appr
oval
and
mak
e in
stitu
tiona
l arr
ange
men
ts
UD
A,
SLLR
DC
N
umbe
r of p
roje
cts i
mpl
emen
ted
XX
X
XX
X
168
Plan
ning
Div
isio
n
Min
istry
of M
ega
polis
& W
este
rn D
evel
opm
ent
Act
ion
Plan
of U
rban
& c
ity p
lann
ing
and
hum
an se
ttle
men
ts se
ctor
for
IND
Cs o
f Sri
Lan
ka
Phys
ical
per
form
ance
Tar
get 2
017-
2019
Su
bsec
tor -
Urb
an &
city
pla
nnin
g St
rate
gy o
n -0
7 St
rate
gy-G
reen
ing
citie
s by
intr
oduc
ing
gree
n ar
eas t
o in
crea
se th
e gr
een
cove
r K
PI-P
erce
ntag
e in
crea
se o
f loc
al (u
rban
are
as a
nd se
ttlem
ent)
gree
n co
ver a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal s
ervi
ces r
elat
ed to
gre
en c
over
A
ctio
n R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncie
s
Out
put I
ndic
ator
T
ime
Lin
e
2017
20
18
2019
01
Col
lect
info
rmat
ion
and
stud
y th
e m
anm
ade
gree
n ar
eas i
n ur
ban
area
s an
d se
ttlem
ents
U
DA
, MH
&C
N
umbe
r. of
gre
en a
reas
X
XX
02
Iden
tify
the
requ
irem
ent o
f new
gre
en a
reas
exc
ept a
reas
und
er th
e pr
ojec
t up
to 2
020
U
DA
, MH
&C
N
umbe
r. of
gre
en a
rea
XX
X
03
Cal
cula
te p
oten
tial s
ink
capa
city
of t
he g
reen
are
a in
the
abov
e 2
M
MD
&E
, UD
A
Gig
a gr
ames
of c
arbo
n
XX
X
04
Cat
egor
ize
requ
ired
gree
n ar
eas m
entio
n in
abo
ve 2
U
DA
, MH
&C
N
umbe
r. of
cat
egor
ies
XX
X
05
Prep
are
actio
n pl
an fo
r gre
enin
g ur
ban
area
s and
settl
emen
ts fo
r gre
en
area
s in
the
abov
e 2
MM
P&W
D, U
DA
N
umbe
r. of
act
ion
plan
s
XX
X
06
Prep
are
basi
c la
ndsc
ape
desi
gns f
or th
e gr
een
area
s men
tion
in a
bove
2
UD
A
Num
ber.
of la
ndsc
ape
desi
gns
X
XX
X
XX
07
Con
duct
(min
i) SE
A fo
r act
ion
plan
and
iden
tify
all m
itiga
tion
mea
sure
s to
min
imiz
e th
e en
viro
nmen
t im
pact
s. M
MP&
WD
N
umbe
r of S
EAs
XX
X
08
Form
ulat
e pr
ojec
ts, o
btai
n re
quire
d ap
prov
als a
nd m
ake
inst
itutio
nal
arra
ngem
ents
M
MP&
WD
, UD
A,
MH
&C
N
umbe
r of a
ppro
ved
proj
ects
, Num
ber.
of u
nits
X
XX
09
Don
or c
oord
inat
ion
and
prov
ide
finan
cial
ass
ista
nce
for a
ctio
n pl
an
prep
arat
ion
M
MD
&E
Num
ber o
f Don
or,
amou
nt o
f fun
ds
XX
X
XX
X
XX
X
169
170
171
172
Introduction
According to the Davos Declaration signed during the second International Conference on Tourism and Climate Change; tourism is estimated to contribute at least 5% of global CO2 emissions. The sector contributes to the global economy as well as local economy to a great extent. In the process of preparing INDCs special attention needs to be given to reduce the sector’s GHG emission levels and pave the way for into sustainable tourism.
Being a tropical island nation, Sri Lanka is an attractive destination for tourists. Among the country’s attractions are scenic and sunny beaches, cultural heritage, ecological endowments of rich biodiversity, opportunities for nature recreation (e.g. whale watching, beach surfing, wildlife watching) as well as comfortable climate zones. Climate change can affect the desirable characteristics associated with each of those attractions, thereby creating problems for the operational undertaking of travelling and leisure activities. Furthermore, it can affect infrastructure facilities of the tourism industry making them vulnerable to various hazards. Tourism industry, by its nature, is highly sensitive and susceptible to disturbing conditions such as natural disasters and violence. Hence, maintaining Sri Lanka’s position as an attractive destination and ensuring efficient operation of the industry under rising incidence of climate hazards, needs to take into account carefully planned adaptation measures.
At the same time consequences of climate change may result in loss of livelihood and jobs in various sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and livestock. Tourism and recreation sector would be an area wherein more livelihoods options and jobs can be sourced without affecting the structures of the existing environment and national economy. Nature based tourism and recreational activities can be enhanced despite future climate change impacts.
Improving nature based tourism and recreational activities would encourage local community to protect their environment as they provide livelihoods for many people. Stakeholders in tourism sector in Sri Lanka may have engage in terms of taking actions which take into consideration environmental friendly ways of preserving ecosystem and sharing responsibilities with other national and local agencies in managing ecosystems for a longer run.
In this context potential adaptation options in Tourism and recreational sector would curb current tourism trends with increasing waste generation and over exploitation of resources around, and transition into more sustainable energy consuming environment friendly alternatives.
173
1. INDCs of Tourism and Recreational Sector
1. Adjustment of tourism and recreation industry to altered conditions of the destinations. 2. Increase the preparedness of tourism and recreation operation to extreme weather conditions. 3. Assess the current promotional strategies in connection to emerging scenarios of climate
change; beach tourism and nature destinations. 4. Improve energy efficiency in tourism establishments by using available best alternative
environmental friendly energy sources, solar and wind power, biomass. 5. Introduce resources management mechanism into tourism in order to minimize damage to the
existing ecosystem by contributing in waste management, solid and waste water, in tourism areas which could affect to the ecosystem.
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policy INDCs Number 1 Enhancement of tourism development focusing on climate
change and its impacts 1
2 Arrange necessary remediation action on the preparedness of tourism and recreation operation due to extreme weather conditions
2
3 Introduction of promotional strategies to tourism and nature destinations special attention to climate change impacts scenarios
3
4 Introduce waste management, solid and waste water, in tourism areas
4
5 Revision of current policies, regulations and guidelines
Development of management plan
5
174
175
Tou
rism
and
rec
reat
iona
l Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
2 2.
Inc
reas
e th
e pr
epar
edne
ss o
f tou
rism
and
rec
reat
ion
oper
atio
n to
ext
rem
e w
eath
er c
ondi
tions
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
2.1
IDEN
TIFY
TO
UR
ISM
FA
CIL
ITIE
S IN
VU
LNER
AB
LE
AR
EAS
2.1.
1 C
ondu
ct st
udy
on v
ulne
rabl
e ar
eas o
f tou
rism
by
SLTD
A
in
assi
stan
ce
with
re
leva
nt
line
min
istri
es
(Met
eoro
logy
de
partm
ent
/ C
C&
CR
MD
/ F
ishe
ries
Dep
artm
ent
/ N
BR
O /
D
isas
ter M
anag
emen
t and
Wild
life)
SLTD
A
To
uris
m Z
ones
/ To
uris
m
Act
iviti
es
2.
1.2
Con
duct
pot
entia
l stu
dy o
n ex
trem
e cl
imat
e co
nditi
ons
and
its c
halle
nges
tow
ards
tour
ism
indu
stry
with
re
com
men
datio
ns to
ove
rcom
e th
e ch
alle
nges
.
SLTD
A
Ex
trem
e C
limat
ic
Con
ditio
ns
iden
tifie
d /
Cha
lleng
es v
s re
med
ies
2.2
PR
EPA
RE
GU
IDEL
INE
O
N
EMER
GEN
CIE
S IN
TO
UR
O
PER
ATI
ON
2.2.
1 Id
entif
y be
st p
ract
ices
of e
mer
genc
y ha
ndlin
g in
dev
elop
ed
dest
inat
ions
in th
e w
orld
. (C
olle
ct d
ata
guid
elin
es fr
om o
ther
co
mpe
titiv
e de
stin
atio
ns)
SLTD
A
Bes
t Pra
ctis
es
of C
ompe
titiv
e de
stin
atio
ns
2.
2.2
Prep
are/
amen
d em
erge
ncy
man
agem
ent s
yste
m fo
r hot
els.
SL
TDA
R
espo
nse
Tim
e
2.2.
3 Pr
epar
e gu
idel
ines
to o
verc
ome
the
outc
ome
of th
e st
udy
with
the
parti
cipa
tion
of p
rivat
e se
ctor
(SLI
TO, T
HA
SL, a
nd
TAA
SL) a
nd re
leva
nt g
over
nmen
t age
ncie
s men
tione
d ab
ove.
SLTD
A
B
est a
pplic
able
gu
idel
ines
2.3
TR
AIN
TO
UR
O
PER
ATO
RS
ON
EM
ERG
ENC
Y
MA
NA
GEM
ENT
STR
ATE
GIE
S
2.3.
1 C
ondu
ct a
war
enes
s pr
ogra
mm
es f
or s
take
hold
ers
(trav
el
agen
ts /
tour
ope
rato
rs /
hote
liers
…et
c.)
SLTD
A
N
umbe
r of
sess
ions
per
an
num
/ dr
ills
for e
mer
genc
y si
tuat
ions
176
2.4
D
ESIG
N T
OU
RIS
M I
NFR
AST
RU
CTU
RE
TO M
EET
THE
SAFE
TY N
EED
S O
F O
PER
ATI
ON
2.4.
1 Id
entif
y th
e in
fras
truct
ure
requ
irem
ent i
n a
disa
ster
si
tuat
ion
in c
orpo
ratio
n w
ith d
isas
ter m
anag
emen
t cen
tres.
SLTD
A
In
fras
truct
ure
Uni
ts a
nd
cate
gorie
s
2.5
ESTA
BLI
SH
EMER
GEN
CY
C
OM
MU
NIC
ATI
ON
C
HA
NN
ELS
FOR
TO
UR
IST
AN
D O
PER
ATO
RS2
.5.1
Iden
tify
the
pote
ntia
l co
mm
unic
atio
n ch
anne
ls (
Ex.
App
s, G
uide
book
s, Li
nks
to H
otel
web
site
s, In
ter
Airp
ort c
omm
unic
atio
n sy
stem
s, et
c)
SLTD
A
Pote
ntia
l ch
anne
ls
iden
tifie
d
2.
5.2
Esta
blis
h co
mm
unic
atio
n de
vise
s SL
TDA
C
omm
unic
atio
n m
etho
ds
2.6
DEV
ELO
P A
SY
STEM
FO
R T
IMEL
Y I
SSU
ING
OF
SHO
RT
TER
M W
EATH
ER F
OR
ECA
ST
2.6.
1 R
esea
rch
and
iden
tify
the
best
syst
ems o
f iss
uing
wea
ther
fo
reca
sts t
o fo
reig
ners
.
SLTD
A
Bes
t sys
tem
s /
prac
tices
ap
plic
able
to S
L
2.
6.2
Dev
elop
test
mod
el in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith m
edia
co
mm
unic
atio
n pa
rtner
s (pv
t/gvt
) and
met
rolo
gy d
epar
tmen
t and
fo
rces
.
SLTD
A
Num
ber o
f de
fect
s id
entif
ied
/ How
m
any
prev
enta
ble?
2.6.
3 Im
plem
enta
tion
SLTD
A
2.
7 ST
REN
GTH
EN E
AR
LY W
AR
NIN
G S
YST
EM
Con
duct
stud
y on
exi
stin
g lo
cal s
yste
m a
nd b
est p
ract
ices
in
othe
r com
petit
ive
dest
inat
ions
.
SLTD
A
Exis
ting
loca
l pr
actic
es /
Bes
t gl
obal
pra
ctic
es
can
be
inco
rpor
ated
to
SL sy
stem
2.
8 D
evel
op g
ap a
naly
sis i
n co
llabo
ratio
n w
ith re
late
d lin
e ag
enci
es
for t
ouris
m.
SLTD
A
Iden
tifie
d re
late
d ag
enci
es
/ gap
s 2.
9 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s SL
TDA
N
umbe
r of
resp
onsi
ble
177
178
IND
Cs
CC
&C
RM
D, C
EA
8 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f in
stitu
tiona
l ca
paci
ty t
o im
plem
ent
the
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
SL
TDA
9 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds, e
tc)
SLTD
A
10
Cal
cula
te
fin
anci
al
requ
irem
ents
(c
ondi
tiona
l an
d un
cond
ition
al)
SLTD
A
11
Prep
are
a fu
ll pr
ojec
t im
plem
enta
tion
plan
to
impl
emen
t th
e IN
DC
s SL
TDA
, SLT
PB
12
Prep
are
a B
oQ fo
r the
Pla
n SL
TDA
, CC
&C
RM
D
13
Dev
elop
new
stra
tegi
es fo
r thi
s sec
tor
14
D
evel
op a
con
tinuo
us p
rogr
amm
e to
pla
nt t
rees
whe
n to
uris
ts
com
e to
Sri
Lank
a be
fore
thei
r de
partu
re th
roug
h an
intro
duce
d m
echa
nism
(co
ntrib
utin
g U
S$ 1
for
eac
h pl
ant
for
the
futu
re
mai
nten
ance
of
the
trees
and
vis
itors
can
see
the
plan
ts th
roug
h in
tern
et t
hrou
gh a
tec
hnic
al c
hip
how
it
grow
s. A
nd t
he l
ands
sh
ould
be
prov
ided
by
the
Min
istry
of
Tour
ism
, Dep
t. of
For
est
Con
serv
atio
n, U
DA
, CC
&C
RM
D, e
tc. b
y as
a m
odel
con
cept
for
Sri L
anka
)
SLTP
B, S
LTD
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, D
ept.
of
Fore
st C
onse
rvat
ion,
C
EA, M
inis
try o
f To
uris
m D
evel
opm
ent,
UD
A
At l
east
60%
of
the
tour
ists
vi
sitin
g Sr
i La
nka
to
cont
ribut
e fo
r th
is p
rogr
amm
e
15
Con
tinue
ca
mpa
ign
with
in
volv
emen
t of
al
l th
ree
forc
es
incl
udin
g Sr
i La
nka
Polic
e, C
oast
Gua
rd D
ept.
toge
ther
with
go
v ern
men
t, pr
ivat
e se
ctor
or
gani
zatio
ns
incl
udin
g N
GO
s, sc
hool
chi
ldre
n an
d lo
cal c
omm
unity
to e
ngag
e to
set
up
a be
st
beac
h in
res
pect
ive
coas
tal
area
s in
eac
h di
stric
t. In
trodu
ce a
re
war
ding
sys
tem
to
in o
rder
to
enco
urag
e th
e co
mm
unity
by
prov
idin
g aw
ards
for t
he c
omm
unity
who
mai
ntai
n a
best
bea
ch
in th
e re
spec
tive
dist
ricts
thro
ugh
a ra
ting
syst
em.
SLTP
B, S
LTD
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, D
ept.
of
Fore
st C
onse
rvat
ion,
C
EA, R
espe
ctiv
e pr
ovin
cial
cou
ncil,
M
EPA
1. Id
entif
y th
e re
leva
nt
orga
niza
tions
/Com
mun
ity
grou
ps fo
r se
tting
up
best
be
ache
s 2.
Iden
tify
crite
rion
for
ince
ntiv
e pr
ogra
mm
e 3.
Ince
ntiv
e pr
ogra
me
for t
he
com
mun
ity
179
grou
ps/re
leva
nt
orga
niza
tions
be
st b
each
es
16
Intro
duce
a w
aste
man
agem
ent s
yste
m in
clud
ing
solid
& w
ater
in
se
lect
ed
tour
ist
dest
inat
ions
in
clud
ing
beac
h ar
eas
and
intro
duce
a m
echa
nism
to r
ecyc
le th
e pl
astic
, pol
ythe
ne a
nd r
e-us
e th
e sa
me
by i
ntro
duci
ng a
n in
cent
ive
syst
em t
o pr
oduc
e co
mpo
st a
s a
bypr
oduc
t as
a c
onst
ruct
ion
proj
ect.
Furth
er,
com
post
gen
erat
ed b
y th
e ab
ove
plan
ts w
ill b
e us
ing
for t
he tr
ee
plan
tatio
n pr
ojec
t men
tione
d in
the
abov
e R
ef. N
umbe
r. 14
for
lo
ng te
rm su
stai
nabl
e to
uris
m p
roje
ct.
SLTP
B, S
LTD
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, D
ept.
of
Fore
st C
onse
rvat
ion,
C
EA, R
espe
ctiv
e pr
ovin
cial
cou
ncil,
M
EPA
, UD
A
1. R
elev
ant
area
s to
be
iden
tifie
d th
roug
h a
surv
ey
2.Fe
asib
ility
st
udy
to b
e ca
rrie
d ou
t on
this
to fi
nd o
ut
requ
ired
capa
city
&
cons
truct
ion
met
hodo
logi
es
acco
rdin
g to
the
area
3.
Pro
ject
pla
n fo
r im
plem
ent
the
proj
ect
17
Con
duct
pr
omot
iona
l pl
an
to
set
up
&
enco
urag
e lo
cal
com
mun
ity,
gove
rnm
ent.
&
priv
ate
orga
niza
tions
, N
GO
’s,
scho
ol
child
ren
to
enga
ge
in
plan
ting
trees
us
ing
suita
ble
varie
ties o
f pla
nts n
ear l
agoo
n ar
eas,
cana
ls, r
iver
s in
the
coun
try
in o
rder
to c
reat
e gr
een
cove
rs, i
ncre
ase
bio
dive
rsity
and
als
o to
m
ake
aven
ues
to p
rom
ote
the
area
as
alte
rnat
ive
tour
ist p
lace
s in
or
der
to
redu
ce
the
carr
ying
ca
paci
ty
in
popu
lar
tour
ist
dest
inat
ions
. (C
oral
pla
ntat
ion
proj
ect
in t
he r
espe
ctiv
e co
asta
l ar
eas.
SLTP
B, S
LTD
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, D
ept.
of
Fore
st C
onse
rvat
ion,
C
EA, R
espe
ctiv
e pr
ovin
cial
cou
ncil,
M
EPA
, UD
A, E
duca
tion
Dep
t., U
nive
rsiti
es,
Educ
atio
n In
stitu
tes,
NG
O’s
, NA
RA
1.R
elev
ant
area
s to
be
iden
tifie
d th
roug
h a
surv
ey
2. R
epor
t on
sele
ctio
n of
re
late
d st
akeh
olde
r ca
tego
ries
3. P
roje
ct p
lan
for i
mpl
emen
t
180
the
proj
ect
18
C
ondu
ct p
rom
otio
nal
plan
to
crea
te a
venu
es f
or t
ouris
ts b
y in
trodu
cing
les
ser
know
n si
tes
arou
nd m
ost
popu
lar
tour
ist
attra
ctio
n pl
aces
in o
rder
to r
educ
e th
e ca
rryi
ng c
apac
ity a
nd to
pr
omot
e th
e de
stin
atio
ns i
n co
nsid
erat
ion
with
fut
ure
coun
try
prom
otio
ns a
nd p
rovi
de m
axim
um e
cono
mic
ben
efits
to
the
loca
l com
mun
ity in
the
area
s.
SLTP
B, S
LTD
A,
CC
&C
RM
D, D
ept.
of
Fore
st C
onse
rvat
ion,
C
EA, R
espe
ctiv
e pr
ovin
cial
cou
ncil,
M
EPA
, UD
A, E
duca
tion
Dep
t., U
nive
rsiti
es,
Educ
atio
n In
stitu
tes,
NG
O’s
1.R
elev
ant
area
s to
be
iden
tifie
d th
roug
h a
surv
ey
2. P
rom
otio
nal
& c
onse
rvat
ion
plan
to p
rom
ote
the
site
s in
sust
aina
ble
man
ner
19
Con
duct
aw
aren
ess c
reat
ion
cam
paig
n ta
rget
ing
all s
take
hold
ers
to c
onse
rve
& p
rote
ct th
e bi
o di
vers
ity th
roug
h se
tting
up
butte
rfly
gar
dens
in th
e co
untry
.
SLTP
B, S
LTD
A, D
ept.
of F
ores
t Con
serv
atio
n,
CEA
, Edu
catio
n D
ept.,
U
nive
rsiti
es, E
duca
tion
Inst
itute
s, M
inis
try if
En
viro
nmen
t &
Mah
awel
i Dev
elop
men
t, N
GO
’s
1.R
elev
ant
area
s to
be
iden
tifie
d th
roug
h a
surv
ey
2. R
epor
t on
sele
ctio
n of
re
late
d st
akeh
olde
r ca
tego
ries
3. P
roje
ct p
lan
for i
mpl
emen
t th
e pr
ojec
t
20
Prom
ote
othe
r spe
cial
inte
rest
tour
ist a
ttrac
tion
segm
ents
for t
he
tour
ists
by
invo
lvin
g al
l rel
ated
stak
ehol
ders
Eg.
Shi
p W
reck
s, SL
TDA
, SLT
PB, S
ri La
nka
NA
VY
, CC
F,
Dep
t. of
Arc
heol
ogy,
N
AR
A, M
EPA
1. R
elev
ant
segm
ents
to b
e id
entif
ied
thro
ugh
a st
udy
2. Id
entif
icat
ion
181
of st
akeh
olde
rs
for t
he p
roje
ct
3.Im
plem
enta
tion
plan
Tou
rism
and
rec
reat
iona
l Sec
tor
IND
Cs-
4 4.
Im
prov
e en
ergy
eff
icie
ncy
in to
uris
m e
stab
lishm
ents
by
usin
g av
aila
ble
best
alte
rnat
ive
envi
ronm
enta
l fri
endl
y en
ergy
sour
ces,
sola
r an
d w
ind
pow
er, b
iom
ass
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 C
ondu
ct a
surv
ey to
col
lect
the
exis
ting
info
rmat
ion
abou
t en
ergy
util
izat
ion
SLTD
A a
nd S
ri La
nka
Sust
aina
ble
Ener
gy
Aut
horit
y
Surv
ey R
epor
t on
Gre
en
Ener
gy
Util
izat
ion
2 Id
entif
y po
licy
gaps
to im
plem
ent s
uch
IND
Cs a
nd a
men
dmen
t of
pol
icy
if ne
cess
ary
SLTD
A a
nd C
entra
l En
viro
nmen
t Aut
horit
y A
Rep
ort o
n Po
licy
Gap
Id
entif
icat
ion
in
impl
emen
tatio
n of
IND
Cs
3 Id
entif
y re
spon
sibl
e an
d ot
her i
nstit
utio
ns to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s SL
TDA
, CEA
, NER
D
CEN
TRE,
SEA
. A
Sta
keho
lder
M
appi
ng M
atrix
fo
r Im
plem
enta
tion
of IN
DC
s
4 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
C a
nd b
uild
cap
acity
acc
ordi
ngly
SL
TDA
, SE
A.
UN
IVER
SITY
OF
MO
RA
TUW
A.
Rep
ort o
n tra
inin
g re
quire
men
t for
SL
TDA
staf
f fo
r im
plem
enta
tion
of IN
DC
S C
apac
ity
Bui
ldin
g
182
Prog
ram
mes
5
Cal
cula
te te
chno
logy
requ
irem
ents
(equ
ipm
ent n
eeds
, etc
) SL
TDA
, SLT
PB,
Sust
aina
ble
Ener
gy
Aut
horit
y N
ERD
Cen
tre
Tech
nolo
gy
Req
uire
men
t R
epor
t in
Tour
ism
In
dust
ry
6 C
alcu
late
fin
anci
al re
quire
men
ts (c
ondi
tiona
l and
un
cond
ition
al)
SLTD
A a
nd S
usta
inab
le
Ener
gy A
utho
rity
Ban
ks in
Sri
Lank
a
Fina
ncia
l Pla
n fo
r Inv
estm
ent
on g
reen
ene
rgy
in T
ouris
m
sect
or
7 Pr
epar
e a
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n pl
an to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s SL
TDA
and
Sus
tain
able
En
ergy
Aut
horit
y U
nive
rsity
of M
orat
uwa
Proj
ect P
lan
for
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
IND
Cs
8 Pr
epar
e a
Bill
of Q
uant
ity (B
OQ
) for
the
Plan
SL
TDA
and
Sus
tain
able
En
ergy
Aut
horit
y B
OQ
O
ther
Pro
pose
d A
ctio
ns
9
Prom
ote
usag
e of
Gre
en E
nerg
y so
urce
s for
new
inve
stm
ent
proj
ects
in to
uris
m in
dust
ry
BO
I C
EA
SLTD
A
Intro
duce
tax
holid
ays
thro
ugh
BO
I for
th
e pr
ojec
t ove
r 50
mill
ion
/inve
stm
ent
ceili
ng fo
r tax
co
nces
sion
s or
holid
ays.
10
Enco
urag
e fo
reig
n in
vest
ors o
r for
eign
exp
erts
on
inve
stm
ent i
n gr
een
ener
gy p
ower
pla
nts t
hrou
gh in
tern
atio
nal c
onfe
renc
es
and/
or M
OU
s
SLTD
A, S
LTPB
In
tern
atio
nal
Inve
stm
ent
Foru
ms t
hem
e on
Gre
en
Ener
gy so
urce
s in
tour
ism
in
dust
ry
183
11
Intro
duce
a re
cogn
ition
syst
em to
iden
tify
as a
“su
stai
nabl
e to
uris
m p
artn
er”
SLTD
A, C
EA,
SUST
AIN
AB
LE
ENER
GY
AU
TH.
A g
uide
line
for
reco
gniti
on
syst
em to
re
cogn
ize
as a
n “E
nerg
y St
ar”
Intro
duct
ion
of
“Ene
rgy
Star
”
12
Intro
duce
an
“Ene
rgy
Aud
it Sy
stem
” in
tour
ism
indu
stry
SL
TDA
, pro
vinc
ial
coun
cil m
embe
rs
Ener
gy A
udit
syst
em a
nd
Ener
gy a
udit
team
13
Esta
blis
h en
ergy
con
sum
ptio
n co
ntro
l met
hods
incl
udin
g oc
cupa
ncy
sens
ors/
light
con
trols
, mas
ter c
ards
and
eve
n co
mpu
teriz
ed b
uild
ing
man
agem
ent s
yste
m a
s a m
anda
tory
re
quire
men
ts to
get
regi
stra
tion
from
SLT
DA
.
SLTD
A
Upd
ate
the
Man
dato
ry
requ
irem
ent l
ist
for r
egis
tratio
n
Tou
rism
and
rec
reat
iona
l Sec
tor
IND
Cs -
5 5.
In
trod
uce
reso
urce
man
agem
ent m
echa
nism
s int
o to
uris
m in
ord
er to
min
imiz
e da
mag
e to
ex
istin
g ec
osys
tem
by
cont
ribu
ting
in w
aste
man
agem
ent,
solid
and
was
te w
ater
, in
tour
ism
ar
eas w
hich
cou
ld a
ffec
t to
the
ecos
yste
m
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
Age
ncie
s O
utpu
t In
dica
tors
T
ime
Lin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f pol
icie
s to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
MTD
CR
A
%
2
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r org
aniz
atio
n to
impl
emen
t the
IN
DC
s M
TDC
RA
%
3 Id
entif
y ad
equa
cy o
f ins
titut
iona
l cap
acity
to im
plem
ent t
he
IND
C
MTD
CR
A
%
4 Id
entif
y ga
p to
impl
emen
t the
IND
Cs
MTD
CR
A
%
5
Stud
y th
e cu
rren
t was
te m
anag
emen
t mec
hani
sm in
tour
ist s
ecto
r SL
TDA
%
6 Id
entif
y po
ssib
le m
echa
nism
to e
limin
ate
dam
age
SL
TDA
%
7 D
isse
min
ate
info
rmat
ion
by v
ario
us m
odes
SL
TDA
%
184
8 C
alcu
late
tech
nolo
gy a
nd re
sear
ch re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t ne
eds,
etc)
M
TDC
RA
%
9 C
alcu
late
fina
ncia
l req
uire
men
ts
MTD
CR
A
%
10
Pr
epar
e a
full
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n pl
an to
impl
emen
t suc
h IN
DC
s M
TDC
RA
%
11
Prep
are
a B
ill o
f Qua
ntity
(BO
Q) f
or th
e pl
an
MTD
CR
A
%
185
186
187
188
Introduction
Following the requests by the developing world for the need to focus on loss and damage from climate impacts, COP 19 of the UNFCCC held in Warsaw, established the 'Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage with the objective to address losses and damages associated with adverse impacts of climate change at the international level.
The changes of climate and impacts of climate change subject Sri Lanka to new challenges and risks. Recent decades have seen a significant growth in the number and severity of reported climate induced disasters. Climate change is altering the face of disasters, not only through increased weather-related and other hydro-climatologically risks, but also through increased risks on social, economic, and environmental vulnerabilities.
Losses and damages Sri Lanka face due to impacts of climate change cost the country high amount in financial resource needs each year. According to the data provided by the National Disaster Relief Services Centre, the total relief expenditure for the period of 2007-2011 was SLR 1,786 million (US$12.75million) which was borne by the Consolidated Fund of Sri Lanka. Nevertheless, this calculation has been done without considering the damages to infrastructure as well as other physical damages. According to the Integrated Post Flood Assessment in May 2010 carried out after the floods in the Western and Southern provinces by the Disaster Management Centre of the Ministry of Disaster Management, the total damages and losses from the floods amounted to over SLR 5,000 million (US$ 35.71 million).
1. INDCs for Loss and Damage:
1. Improve the forecasting capabilities –at all time scales 1.1. Enhance the existing automated observational network 1.2. Implement the lightning detection network 1.3. Improve the numerical weather prediction capacity with data assimilation 1.4 Improve the weather forecasting capabilities – extended range forecasting (longer period) and seasonal forecasting
2. Analysis of total loss and damage of climate induced disasters from 2000 and the gap that was not compensated/recovered. This includes making recommendations to establish a mechanism at the national level which will contribute to the Warsaw International Mechanisms for Loss and Damage in an effective and efficient manner.
3. Establish a local mechanism in line with the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage.
4. Strengthen the existing national mechanism to recover the loss and damage to the maximum possible.
5. Introduction of possible insurance schemes to recover the loss and damage to livelihood, properties, infrastructure, agriculture and fisheries, and other affected sectors due to adverse impacts of climate change.
189
2. Strategic Policies
Number Strategic Policies INDCs Number
1. Institutional capacity for observing and forecasting meteorological related hazards in Sri Lanka is developed
1
2 Capacity of institutions involved in assessing the loss and damage related to climate change induce disasters is enhanced
2 and 3
3 Institutional capacity to develop plans for disaster recovery and implementation is strengthened
4
4 Mechanism should be in place to transfer or share disaster risk among parties best place to manage it.
5
190
3. R
eadi
ness
Act
ion
Plan
Los
s and
Dam
age
Sect
or IN
DC
-1
1.Im
prov
e th
e fo
reca
stin
g ca
pabi
litie
s –at
all
time
scal
es
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
elin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1.
Fine
-tune
th
e pr
opos
al
to
upgr
ade
the
fore
cast
ing
capa
bilit
ies o
f the
Dep
artm
ent o
f Met
eoro
logy
con
sist
ing
of
1.1
Inst
itutio
nal s
treng
then
ing
1.2
Trai
ning
and
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g 1.
3 M
oder
nise
obs
erva
tion
syst
em in
fras
truct
ure
1.4
Mod
erni
se d
ata,
com
mun
icat
ion
and
IT sy
stem
s 1.
5 Im
prov
e nu
mer
ical
wea
ther
pre
dict
ion
syst
ems
1.6
Impr
ove
the
hydr
olog
ical
for
ecas
ting
syst
em
1.7
Impr
ove
serv
ice
deliv
ery
Dep
artm
ent o
f M
eteo
rolo
gy
A fi
ne-tu
ned
prop
osal
ava
ilabl
e, w
hich
ad
dres
ses t
he d
efic
ienc
ies 1
.1 to
1.7
X
2.
Seek
nec
essa
ry a
ppro
vals
for i
mpl
emen
tatio
n Pr
opos
al a
ppro
ved
for i
mpl
emen
tatio
n X
3.
Iden
tify
a fu
ndin
g so
urce
Fu
ndin
g se
cure
d X
4.
Impl
emen
t the
pro
posa
l Im
prov
ed w
eath
er a
nd c
limat
e fo
reca
stin
g, e
arly
war
ning
and
use
r se
rvic
es
X
X
5.
Con
duct
m
ulti
haza
rd
risk
prof
iles
for
all
maj
or
clim
atol
ogic
al h
azar
ds
DM
C/N
BR
O/ I
D
Mul
ti ha
zard
risk
pro
files
are
ava
ilabl
e
X
X
6.
Rev
iew
an
d id
entif
y ga
ps
in
the
curr
ent
EW
syst
em
cove
ring
aspe
cts
such
as
know
ledg
e of
the
ris
k, t
echn
ical
m
onito
ring
and
war
ning
se
rvic
e,
diss
emin
atio
n of
m
eani
ngfu
l war
ning
s to
at-r
isk
peop
le a
nd p
ublic
aw
aren
ess
and
prep
ared
ness
to a
ct.
DM
C/D
OM
/NB
RO
/ID
Rec
omm
enda
tion
for i
mpr
ovem
ent o
f th
e EW
syst
em a
vaila
ble
X
191
7.
Dev
elop
co
mpr
ehen
sive
EW
sy
stem
an
d fu
ll op
erat
iona
lizat
ion
of t
he N
atio
nal
Emer
genc
y O
pera
tions
Pl
an
DM
C/D
OM
/NB
RO
/ID
NEO
P is
in o
pera
tion
X
Secu
re fu
ndin
g fo
r dev
elop
ing
the
EW
syst
em
X
Com
preh
ensi
ve is
land
wid
e EW
syst
em
in p
lace
X
8.
Dev
elop
an
d la
unch
pu
blic
aw
aren
ess
cam
paig
n on
cl
imat
olog
ical
dis
aste
rs a
nd c
ondu
ct d
isas
ter
prep
ared
ness
ac
tiviti
es
Dis
aste
r M
anag
emen
t C
entre
/ND
RSC
/ M
et D
epar
tmen
t/ N
BR
O
Publ
ic a
war
enes
s cam
paig
n w
ith th
e su
ppor
t of m
ass m
edia
in p
lace
X
Dis
aste
r pre
pare
dnes
s pla
ns fo
r all
dist
ricts
and
div
isio
nal l
evel
s are
av
aila
ble
Dis
aste
r ris
k in
corp
orat
ed d
evel
opm
ent
plan
s ava
ilab l
e fo
r all
high
and
m
oder
ate
risk
villa
ges
X
Dis
aste
r pre
pare
dnes
s con
tinge
ncy
plan
s are
ava
ilabl
e fo
r all
abov
e G
N
divi
sion
s
X
192
Los
s and
Dam
age
Sect
or IN
DC
-2
2. A
naly
se t
he t
otal
loss
and
dam
age
of c
limat
e in
duce
d di
sast
ers
from
200
0 an
d th
e ga
p th
at w
as n
ot
com
pens
ated
/rec
over
ed (
Thi
s in
clud
es m
akin
g re
com
men
datio
ns t
o es
tabl
ish
a m
echa
nism
at
the
natio
nal l
evel
whi
ch w
ill c
ontr
ibut
e to
the
War
saw
Int
erna
tiona
l Mec
hani
sms
for
Los
s an
d D
amag
e in
an
eff
ectiv
e an
d ef
ficie
nt m
anne
r)
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
elin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1.
Stud
y th
e pr
oces
s of
the
War
saw
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mec
hani
sms
for
Loss
and
dam
age
and
ide
ntify
the
ar
eas
rele
vant
to
asse
ssin
g lo
sses
an
d da
mag
es
base
d on
th
e W
arsa
w
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mec
hani
sms f
or L
oss a
nd d
amag
e
DM
C
Stud
y re
port
on th
e an
alys
is a
nd th
e re
latio
n to
WIM
X
2.
Estim
ate
the
dam
ages
and
los
ses
in t
he m
ajor
clim
ate
indu
ced
disa
ster
s for
the
mai
n se
ctor
s sin
ce 2
000
DM
C
Dam
age
and
loss
ass
essm
ent r
epor
ts fo
r m
ajor
clim
ate
indu
ced
disa
ster
s co
verin
g th
e m
ain
sect
ors
X
3.
Inve
stig
ate
the
reco
very
/c
ompe
nsat
e pr
ogra
mm
es
impl
emen
ted
und
er m
ain
sect
ors
with
resp
ect t
o th
e m
ajor
cl
imat
e in
duce
d di
sast
ers c
onsi
dere
d in
act
ivity
2
DM
C
Rec
over
y/C
ompe
nsat
ion
repo
rts fo
r m
ajor
clim
ate
ind u
ced
disa
ster
s co
verin
g th
e m
ain
sect
ors
X
4.
Iden
tify
the
reco
very
/com
pens
ate
gap
in e
ach
sect
or w
ith
resp
ect t
o th
e m
ajor
clim
ate
indu
ced
disa
ster
s co
nsid
ered
in
activ
ity 2
, ba
sed
on th
e ea
ch se
ctor
requ
irem
ent
DM
C
Rep
ort o
n th
e ga
p an
alys
is o
n da
mag
e an
d lo
ss a
sses
smen
t and
the
reco
very
pr
ogra
mm
e im
plem
ente
d
X
5.
Car
ry o
ut S
WO
T an
alys
is a
nd p
ropo
sed
proc
ess
for
the
dam
age
and
loss
as
sess
men
t co
nsid
erin
g po
licy,
le
gal
inst
itutio
nal a
nd te
chni
cal a
spec
ts. I
denf
ity o
ppor
tuni
ties
to
cont
ribut
e to
the
WIM
pro
cess
DM
C
1. S
WO
T an
alys
is re
port
2.
Sub
mis
sion
or i
nput
pro
vide
d to
the
WIM
/ neg
otia
tions
on
loss
and
dam
age
X
6.
Stre
ngth
en d
ialo
gue,
coo
rdin
atio
n, c
oher
ence
and
syn
ergi
es
amon
g re
leva
nt s
ecto
r ag
enci
es t
o as
sess
the
dam
age
and
loss
es d
ue to
clim
ate
indu
ced
disa
ster
s
DM
C
1 M
echa
nism
ava
ilabl
e to
col
lect
dat
a on
loss
and
dam
age
in e
ach
sect
or
2.
Nat
iona
l le
vel f
orum
s to
disc
uss t
he
best
pra
ctic
es, c
halle
nges
, exp
erie
nces
an
d le
sson
s lea
rned
in u
nder
taki
ng
appr
oach
es to
add
ress
loss
and
dam
age
X
X
193
7.
Enha
nce
kno
wle
dge
and
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
com
preh
ensi
ve
risk
man
agem
ent
appr
oach
es t
o ad
dres
s lo
ss a
nd d
amag
e as
soci
ated
with
the
adve
rse
effe
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge,
DM
C
1 R
isk
asse
ssm
ent m
etho
dolo
gies
and
gu
idel
ines
ava
ilabl
e
2.To
ols a
nd g
uide
lines
for
mai
nstre
amin
g D
RR
into
dev
elop
men
t se
ctor
s ava
ilabl
e
3.
Ris
k se
nsiti
ve in
vest
men
t gui
delin
es
avai
labl
e
X
X
8.
Prep
are
finan
ce,
tech
nolo
gy
and
capa
city
-bui
ldin
g,
requ
irem
ent
repo
rts i
n de
tail
to a
ddre
ss l
oss
and
dam
age
asso
ciat
ed w
ith th
e ad
vers
e ef
fect
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
DM
C
Det
aile
d bu
dget
for i
mpl
emen
tatio
n
X
L
oss a
nd D
amag
e Se
ctor
IND
C-3
3.
Est
ablis
h a
loca
l mec
hani
sm in
line
with
War
saw
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mec
hani
sm fo
r L
oss a
nd D
amag
e
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
elin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1.
Esta
blis
h th
e a
loc
al m
echa
nism
in
line
with
the
War
saw
In
tern
atio
nal M
echa
nism
s fo
r Lo
ss a
nd d
amag
e fo
cusi
ng o
n th
e ac
tion
area
s of t
he W
IM
DM
C
Loca
l mec
hani
sm in
line
with
the
War
saw
Inte
rnat
iona
l Mec
hani
sms f
or
loss
and
dam
age
to fo
reca
st e
xtre
me
wea
ther
eve
nts
avai
labl
e
X
X
X
2.
Con
duct
in
dept
h st
udy
on v
ulne
rabi
lity
of t
he e
lem
ents
at
risk
in e
ach
maj
or s
ecto
rs
DM
C
Vul
nera
bilit
y as
sess
men
t for
maj
or
sect
ors a
vaila
ble
and
risk
trans
ferr
ing
and
shar
ing
optio
ns id
entif
ied
X
X
X
3.
Dev
elop
sce
nario
s on
the
ext
rem
e w
eath
er e
vent
s an
d th
e vu
lner
abili
ty
DM
C
Scen
ario
s ava
ilabl
e
X
X
4.
Ass
ess a
nd m
onito
r los
s and
dam
age
scen
ario
s D
MC
A
sses
smen
t and
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
av
aila
ble
X
X
5.
Prep
are
fin
ance
, te
chno
logy
an
d ca
paci
ty-b
uild
ing,
re
quire
men
ts r
epor
ts i
n de
tails
to
addr
ess
loss
and
dam
age
asso
ciat
ed w
ith th
e ad
vers
e ef
fect
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
DM
C
D
etai
led
budg
et fo
r im
plem
enta
tion
X
194
6.
Esta
blis
h a
coor
dina
tion
syst
em
for
mul
ti-st
akeh
olde
r en
gage
men
t rel
ated
to th
e ac
tion
area
s of
the
WIM
, and
for
kn
owle
dge
shar
ing
on th
emat
ic is
sues
DM
C
Coo
rdin
atio
n m
echa
nism
in p
lace
X
X
X
L
oss a
nd D
amag
e Se
ctor
IND
C-4
4.
Stre
ngth
en th
e ex
istin
g na
tiona
l mec
hani
sm to
rec
over
the
loss
and
dam
age
to th
e m
axim
um p
ossi
ble
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
elin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1.
Con
duct
an
in d
epth
stu
dy o
n th
e ex
istin
g m
echa
nism
to
reco
ver l
oss a
nd d
amag
e
DM
C
Stud
y re
port
avai
labl
e
X
2.
Iden
tify
stre
ngth
s and
wea
knes
ses o
f the
exi
stin
g m
echa
nism
DM
C
Rep
ort o
n st
reng
then
s and
wea
knes
s of
the
exis
ting
mec
hani
sm
X
3.
Rec
omm
end
an
appr
opria
te
mec
hani
sm
and
mak
e re
com
men
datio
n to
stre
ngth
en e
xist
ing
mec
hani
sms
DM
C
Rec
omm
enda
tion
repo
rt av
aila
ble
X
X
4.
Prep
are
fin
ance
, te
chno
logy
an
d ca
paci
ty-b
uild
ing,
re
quire
men
t re
ports
in
deta
ils t
o ad
dres
s lo
ss a
nd d
amag
e as
soci
ated
with
the
adve
rse
effe
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
DM
C
Det
ail b
udge
t for
the
impl
emen
tatio
n
X
Los
s and
Dam
age
Sect
or IN
DC
-5
5.In
trod
uctio
n of
pos
sibl
e in
sura
nce
sche
mes
to r
ecov
er lo
ss a
nd d
amag
e to
live
lihoo
d, p
rope
rtie
s, in
fras
truc
ture
s, ag
ricu
lture
and
fish
erie
s and
oth
er a
ffec
ted
sect
ors d
ue to
clim
ate
chan
ge a
dver
se
impa
cts
Act
ion
Res
pons
ible
A
genc
y O
utpu
t Ind
icat
ors
Tim
elin
e 20
17
2018
20
19
1.
Iden
tify
insu
ranc
e co
mpa
nies
to re
cove
r the
loss
and
dam
age
rela
ted
clim
ate
chan
ge a
dver
se im
pact
s M
DM
/ND
RSC
Li
st o
f cap
able
insu
ranc
e co
mpa
nies
X
2.
Iden
tify
poss
ible
ava
ilabl
e in
sura
nce
sche
mes
to r
ecov
er th
e lo
ss a
nd d
amag
e re
late
d to
adv
erse
im
pact
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge
MD
M/N
DR
SC
List
of /
num
ber o
f ava
ilabl
e in
sura
nce
sche
mes
X
3.
Esta
blis
h a
mec
hani
sm to
ass
ess
the
natio
nal a
nd lo
cal l
evel
lo
ss a
nd d
amag
e re
quire
men
t M
DM
/ND
RSC
A
vaila
bilit
y of
the
mec
hani
sm
X
X
4.
Rev
iew
th
e ex
istin
g in
sura
nce
polic
ies
and
amen
d th
e po
licie
s if n
eces
sary
M
DM
/ND
RSC
A
vaila
bilit
y of
a N
atio
nal I
nsur
ance
Po
licy
X
5.
Iden
tify
resp
onsi
ble
and
othe
r in
stitu
tions
for
impl
emen
ting
the
IND
Cs
MD
M
Ava
ilabi
lity
of a
dat
a ba
se fo
r rel
evan
t ag
enci
es
X
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6.
Iden
tify
tech
nolo
gy re
quire
men
ts (e
quip
men
t nee
ds a
nd e
tc.)
MD
M
Ava
ilabi
lity
of e
quip
men
t X
X
7.
Iden
tify
finan
cial
requ
irem
ent
MD
M
Ava
ilabi
lity
of fu
nds
X
X
X
8.
Prep
are
the
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
MD
M
Ava
ilabi
lity
of a
com
preh
ensi
ve
impl
emen
tatio
n pl
an
X
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Means of Implementation
Fourth group of INDCs for Sri Lanka falls under means of implementation, and caters to the mode in which the contributions country is willing to make will be operationalised. This includes the institutional structure, as well as the support which needs to be mobilised for the implementation of the INDCs.
The means of implementation of INDCs of Sri Lanka requires three pre-conditions:
Finance - Finance is a crucial factor in achieving the set targets. The Sri Lankan government is willing to contribute its finances to achieve the target but the level of ambition will always be high with supported actions. As a developing nation, the enhanced finance for adaptation and low carbon development will be a necessity to achieve the set intended conditional targets.
There needs to be a methodology to address the needs of financial resources measuring the financial needs for each sector and the divisions of contribution at the national budgetary level, and the evaluation of the feasibility and the availability of international funding.
In the implementation of the INDCs, and resource mobilization for their implementation, a transparent and accountable means of monitoring and reporting, as well as verification needs to be set up. This could be developed at the country level to reflect the international standards of MRV as per the Paris Agreement, and adapted to the countries needs and capacity for implementation.
Technology - Predominantly mitigation technology transfer and scaling up adaptation technologies are required without burdening the country’s socio-economic development. The INDCs can be achieved with the right mix of access, affordability and scale of technologies.
In addressing countries technology needs for the implementation of the INDCs, a technology needs assessment for each sector for the implementation of the contributions will be needed. The financial and technical support required for this will need to be assessed and incorporated into the needs for financial support requested at the national and international level for implementing the INDCs.
Further, there needs to be an evaluation of the technology available at the national level, and the level at which international technological support is needed. This will be done in partnership with the relevant line ministries, with the coordination lead by the Ministry of Environment and Mahaweli Development, and the relevant departments.
In utilization of technology that will contribute to the implementation of Sri Lanka’s INDCs, it is vital that local technology will be prioritized, used when available and promoted for use and supported for development to be used in the implementation of the INDCs of Sri Lanka.
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Relevant line ministries will be invited and requested to lead the process of assessing the availability, the suitability, and ways to promote and facilitate the development for the use of local based technologies in the implementation of INDCs in Sri Lanka.
Capacity Building - (Human Resource Development and Institutional Mechanism)
Climate change impacts are not limited to impacts of infrastructure, and also includes impacts to humans and ecosystems. It is important that Sri Lanka develops an appropriate institutional mechanisms to ensure climate change is mainstreamed into development processes, while focusing on infrastructure development as well as human resource development, and also the resilience building of individuals to adapt to adverse effects of climate change.
Investing in time and resources for capacity building to address impacts of climate change will ensure a higher degree of deviation from the BAU emission projections while resilience built will contribute to reducing loss and damage.
An appropriate institutional mechanism needs to be set up, and this will be done in consultation with the relevant sectoral ministries, as well as multi-stakeholder engagement. In the capacity building efforts, different actors will be reached out to for contributions based on their expertise. This will include multiple stakeholders including, but not limited to policy makers, private sector, CSOs, academia, media, as well as individual experts in sectoral and cross cutting themes.
Capacity building in a structured and institutional manner will help to execute the integrated plans and utilize the finances effectively and efficiently. The institutional mechanisms encompass coordination bodies, engagement platforms and communication channels. Lack of capacities in terms of data proved to be a barrier for Sri Lanka as to many other developing country parties in the INDC development process, and in the readiness activities of each sector the need for data collection and resource mobilizing for data collection will be included.
In order to effectively and gradually implement the capacity building on climate change, and address the capacity needs of Sri Lanka to implement the proposed INDCs, an independent institutional mechanism is proposed to be set up, with multiple stakeholders being included, and also an operationalization mechanism falling under the proposed Climate Change Commission Act.
Implementation Mechanism
INDCs of Sri Lanka will be implemented under the guidance of the Climate Change Commission of Sri Lanka, in coordination with the relevant ministries. A coordinating body consisting of relevant ministries will provide input to the implementation of INDCs, while the monitoring, reporting and verification component of the INDCs implementation is entrusted to the Climate
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Change Commission of Sri Lanka, within the Ministry of Environment and Mahaweli Development of Sri Lanka.
The Commission will implement the INDCs based on the Climate Change Commission Act of Sri Lanka, which is to be ratified for the purpose of setting up the Commission, and will also be governed as applicable by the international laws and agreements including and not limited to the Paris Agreement on climate change, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, Hugot Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction, and other relevant international law and regional agreements relevant and applicable.
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