RBM Learning Module 1 - "Let's Play Football!" - Draft 8
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Transcript of RBM Learning Module 1 - "Let's Play Football!" - Draft 8
Let’s Play Football!
An Introduction to Results-Based Management
for Community Development Practitioners
By Will Postma
& Dwayne Hodgson
Welcome & Overview
Welcome!
RBM: plan and explain a community project
Watch, listen, discuss and do!
Pencil or pen and some paper.
Work alone, with a partner or in a group.
Are you ready? Click or press the down arrow to continue.
Our learning objectives
In this session, you will:
Explore how planning a community project is like playing football;
Create a strategy of how you’ll achieve the different positive changes (results) your community wants to see;
Describe how you will know if you’ve been successful;
Predict the challenges that you might encounter in your project and how you might avoid or fix them;
Plan how you will share your successes with others;
Translate some key words into your local language.
You are already planners
Think of something important that you have accomplished in your life that required planning. It could be a house you’ve built, a wedding, planting a field, etc.
Name 2-3 actions you did to make it happen.
Name 2-3 changes that showed you that you were successful.
Write your answers on a piece of paper and save them for later.
What is RBM?
You already bring lots of personal experience in making plans.
When planning a community development project with other people, it can be helpful to organize your ideas in a way that helps others to understand what you want to do and the difference it will make for the community.
What is RBM?
“Results-Based Management” or “RBM” is one approach to organizing and explaining your community’s dreams and ideas.
RBM approaches can sometimes involve a lot of complex terms and complicated forms.
But at root, it is an approach to planning, monitoring and managing a project in which you “begin with the end in mind”.
Begin with the end in mind…
A
B
Imagine that you about to go on a long trip from point A to B.
Before you begin, you need to know where you are going, right?
In RBM, we call this the project’s “ultimate outcome.”
Then choose the best route
If you’ve chosen the destination, you then need to choose the best route to get there.
There are often many many routes that you can choose from.
There are no doubt different ways to arrive at your destination.
A
B
Then choose the roads
Once you know where you want to go, and the route you will take, you now need to choose the roads you will follow.
There are stops along the way that are similar to a project’s “outputs”, “immediate outcomes” or “intermediate outcomes.”
A
B
Choose the best way to travel
Now you need to decide how best to get there. There are always lots of options. You can…•Drive a car?•Sail a boat? •Ride a donkey? •Take the bus?
The way we “get there” in a community project is to do “Activities”.
A
B
Remember where you’re going!
We wouldn’t go on a trip just to “take the bus”.
We are always trying to get to our destination.
A
B
Similarly, in a project, we don’t do “activities” for their own sake. We’re always working towards achieving the ultimate outcome.
RBM: 6 questions
① What do we ultimately want to improve in our community? (ultimate outcome)
② How will we make that happen? What do we need to do in the short and medium term (activities, outputs, immediate and intermediate outcomes)?
③ What problems might we encounter as we go ? (risks, prevent and fix)
④ How will we know if we are successful? (monitoring plan)?
⑤ How will we change our strategy as we go? (If need be)
⑥ How will we share the story of our project?
Let’s play football!
Listen and watch this presentation that compares using RBM in a community development project to playing football.
Become Champions = Ultimate Outcome
Imagine that you are coaching a team that is about to begin a new football season.
Before the season begins, you all agree that you want to become the champions at the end of the season.
In a community project, we would call this the “ultimate outcome”.
Playing Better = Intermediate Outcome
In order to become league champions, however, the team needs to play better to win more games.
In a community project, this change in how well they play would be like a project’s “intermediate outcomes”.
Improved Skills = Immediate Outcomes
And in order to win a game, your team must first improve its knowledge and skills to play the game.
In a community project, we’d call an improvement in knowledge and/or skills the “immediate outcomes”.
Practice, Exercise, etc. = Activities
And in order to improve its knowledge and skills, your team must:
• practice
• study new plays
• exercise
• buy new footballs and shoes
In a community project, we call these “activities”.
Results & Activities
Results: the positive changes the community wants. These include:
• Better health• More income and savings• Less soil erosion
Activities: the actions to make changes happen.
These include:• Immunizing children• Creating savings groups and loan circles• Planting grass on hillsides
Activities vs. Outputs
Activities Outputs
What people do Completed activities, or their products (goods and services)
e.g. Practicing football Practices completed.
e.g. Buying new jerseys Jersey’s purchased
e.g. Creating strategies Strategy plans completed.
Some RBM approaches also distinguish between
Activities & Results Defined
Time
Activities Results
Results & Activities: An example
Time
Translation
Before we continue, take a few moments to translate the following words so that a neighbor in your community can understand them in their language.
Note any words that are difficult to explain or translate.
Activity
Result
Output
Outcomes
Immediate Outcomes
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcome
Your turn
With your paper and pen, rewrite the following results in the order they would occur in time. (Our answer is on the next slide).
Decrease in HIV/AIDS in community
Youth practice safer sex
Workshop held for youth on how
to prevent HIV/AIDS
Youth know how to prevent spread of HIV/AIDS
Our answer
Decrease in HIV/AIDS levels in community
More youth practice safer sex
Workshop held for youth on how
to prevent HIV/AIDS
Youth know how to prevent spread of HIV/AIDS
Time
Creating a Game Plan for Success
A Plan for Success: Outputs
Outputs
Farmers trained on sustainable crop production
Seed exchanges amongst farmers supported
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
A Plan for Success: Immediate Outcomes
Outputs Immediate Outcomes
Farmers trained on sustainable crop production
Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on own land.
Seed exchanges amongst farmers supported
Farmers have access to diverse and resilient seeds
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
Farmers able to market crops collectively.
A Plan for Success: Intermediate Outcomes
Outputs Immediate Outcomes
Intermediate Outcomes
Farmers trained on sustainable crop production
Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on own land.
Increased sustainable crop harvest.Seed
exchanges amongst farmers supported
Farmers have access to diverse and resilient seeds
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
Farmers able to market crops collectively.
Better price for cash crops.
A Plan for Success: Ultimate Outcome
Outputs Immediate Outcomes
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcome
Farmers trained on sustainable crop production
Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on own land.
Increased sustainable crop harvest.
Improved food security and income.
Seed exchanges amongst farmers supported
Farmers have access to diverse and resilient seeds
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
Farmers able to market crops collectively.
Better price for cash crops.
A Plan for Success: Complete
Outputs Immediate Outcomes
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcome
Farmers trained on sustainable crop production
Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on own land.
Increased sustainable crop harvest.
Improved food security and income.
Seed exchanges amongst farmers supported
Farmers have access to diverse and resilient seeds
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
Farmers able to market crops collectively.
Better price for cash crops.
Your turn
Our answers
Anticipating problems
Anticipating Problems
Outputs Immediate Outcomes
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcome
Farmers educated on sustainable crop production
Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on own land.
Increased sustainable crop harvest.
Improved food security and income.
Seed exchanges amongst farmers supported
Farmers have access to diverse and resilient seeds
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
Farmers able to market crops collectively.
Better price for cash crops.
Outputs Immediate Outcomes
Intermediate Outcomes
Ultimate Outcome
Farmers educated on sustainable crop production
Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on own land.
Increased sustainable crop harvest.
Improved food security and income.
Seed exchanges amongst farmers supported
Farmers have access to diverse and resilient seeds
Marketing cooperative for farmers created
Farmers able to market crops collectively.
Better price for cash crops.
Planning to avoid problems
Tracking Our Progress
We can look at:• the number of games we won, • the number of goals our team has scored, or • the number of red and yellow cards we’ve
received
We can also describe:• the amazing corner kick in the first half• what it felt like to play each game, • the sense of team spirit that we have,• the reaction of our fans when we win or
lose
Numbers
Conversations, Discussions and Story-Telling
Tracking Our Progress
Tracking Our Progress
Indicator What We’ll Do How Often We’ll Do It
What We’ll Need
Who Will Do It
Ultimate OutcomeStories of how food security and income have changed for families.
Group story telling circle.
5 years after project starts.
Food to celebrate, a pen and paper to record.
Community animators and project participants.
Intermediate OutcomePercentage change in crop yields after 3 years.
Measure crop yields from new methods vs. old methods.
After 3 years of use.
Measuring device, log book and pen.
Community animators and NGO staff.
Immediate Outcome# of farmers who apply sustainable crop production techniques on land.
Count number of farmers applying methods.
Planting season after workshop, and at monthly visits
Project log book and pen.
Community animators.
Outputs# of farmers who complete the workshop
Count the farmers who complete each workshop
At the end of each workshop.
Note paper and pen.
Workshop trainer.
Tracking Our Progress
Steps from Immediate to Intermediate Outcome
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5
5. 29
4. 13
3. 15
2. 5
1. 0
Immediate Outcome: Farmers able to apply sustainable crop production techniques on land.
Intermediate Outcome: Improved and sustainable crop yields
Outcome ScorecardOutcome Scorecard
Translation Time
Before we continue, take a few moments to translate the following words so that a neighbor in your community can understand them in their language.
Note any words that are difficult to explain or translate.
Indicators
Target
Measurement
Others….
Coaching for Success
Review & Conclusion
• Create a game plan that shows our desired positive changes in terms of Ultimate, Intermediate and Immediate Outcomes, and the Activities and Outputs that will make these happen.
• Predict the problems that might come up during the season and how you can avoid or fix them.
In planning a community project using RBM you:
Review & Conclusion
• Name the indicators – both quantitative (numbers) and qualitative (what we can learn from conversations, discussion and story-telling) -
• Create a plan for sharing your numbers and stories with others so they can celebrate your victories too.
Your turn
On a piece of paper, note the following:
• What did you learn in this session that was similar to what you knew before about planning a project?
• What was a new thing that you learned?
• What questions do you have about community project planning and RBM?
Share your answers with your colleagues.
Thank-you & “Have a good game!”
Thank-you for taking the time to work
through this presentation.
We’d love to hear your comments and suggestions for improving this
module….