Ray Luechtefeld Patti Fleck University of Missouri-Rolla

Ray LuechtefeldPatti Fleck

University of Missouri-Rolla

On Course User’s GroupCollaborative Reflection

1. What is Collaborative Reflection?2. Actual / Desired Situation Grid3. On-Course Connections4. Tools - DOD, LOI, Inferences, and

Censorship5. Practicum

Presentation Outline

What do you mean

Collaborative Reflection?

Work together in a group to:

1. Look back at a situation that was not resolved to your satisfaction, and…

2. Reflect on how you would do it differently to…3. Prepare for similar situations in the future.

Collaborative Reflection…

Helps you:

1. Understand how your own and others’assumptions impact the situation

2. Change your own patterns of behavior3. Become more effective.

Actual / Desired Situation Grid

2. Actual Frame 1. Actual Actions 1. Actual Results

3. Desired Frame 4. Desired Actions 1. Desired Results

“Frames” are assumptions or perspectives.“Actions” are directly observable“Results” can include directly observable

behaviors as well as attitudes, emotions, etc.

Actual / Desired Situation GridExample

2. Actual Frame 1. Actual Actions

Yelled at students to

leave the classroom when they didn’t read

1. Actual Result

Students hated the class and were afraid of him

3. Desired Frame 4. Desired Actions

Have students like the class

Collaboratively solve the problem

Use as an example

1. Desired Results


2. Actual Frame

Students are lazy

Must be punished to perform

1. Actual Actions



1. Actual Result


3. Desired Frame 4. Desired Actions



Use as an example

1. Desired Results


2. Actual Frame

Students are lazy


1. Actual Actions



1. Actual Result


Students can learn self-management

Students need self-awareness

Aid Learning

3. Desired Frame4. Desired Actions



Use as an example

1. Desired Results


2. Actual Frame

Students are lazy


1. Actual Actions



1. Actual Result


Students can learn self-management

Students need self-awareness

Aid Learning

3. Desired Frame

Relate the incident to situations they will face as managers

Ask how they would manage this

4. Desired Actions



Use as an example

1. Desired Results

On-Course Connections

Philosophical approaches•Foster On-Course goals

Strategic Interventions•Implement activities and structures


On-Course Goals - Successful students…•Accept Personal Responsibility•Discover Self-Motivation•Master Self-Management•Employ Interdependence•Gain Self-Awareness•Adopt Lifelong Learning•Develop Emotional Intelligence•Believe in Themselves


Strategic Interventions…•Implement Structures•Peer evaluation

Tools for Collaborative Reflection

DOD => Directly Observable Data

LOI => Ladder Of Inference

Inferences

Censorship

These tools help youA. Express yourself clearly and understand your

motivations as you complete the Situation GridB. Plan Effective Actions

Tools - Directly Observable Data

Directly Observable Data (DOD) Inferences (attributions, evaluations, andassumptions)

Posture Goals and PurposesMovement IntentionsExpressions DesiresColor (e.g., red face) ValuesGestures HopesSounds (e.g., voice tone) PersonalitySpeech Patterns ThoughtsSilence Feelings


Underlined directly observable data Pure inferencesHe was angry, raised his voice, andpounded on the table.

He was bored and didn’t understand me.

Though I read the complicatedspecification, I didn’t understand it.

You’re acting nervous about the project.

I know she isn’t interested in the teambecause she missed three meetings.

He had a bad attitude and it affectedeveryone else.

He lacked confidence, spoke softly, andmumbled during his presentation.

She was upset by the decision the teammade.


What is the DOD in the following statements?

a) His analysis was sloppy and had a lot of typing errors.b) He was really impatient and squirmed a lot in his seat.c) He thought it was great and said, “I like your work.”d) I could tell he was going to drag us down when he asked,

“What’s a thyristor?”e) Joe is not an engineer, so he just doesn’t get it.

Tools - Ladder Of Inference

Description

1. The theories we use to create action2. Meanings imposed by us3. Culturally understood meanings4. Directly observable data

Example

1. When I’m attacked, I should justify myself.2. I’m being attacked3. I’m not supposed to be interrupting4. “You keep interrupting”

Tools - Inferences

Inferences occur automatically

Awareness aids re-framing

Stating your inferences as hypotheses and testing them aids communication

Linking them to DOD helps test them

Inferences

Context

History

Tools - InferencesError-Prone Statements by others Inquiry to surface DOD

I haven’t been very involved in the testingof the new design.

What part of the testing have you been (ornot been) involved in?

I think the project plan is very good. What, specifically, did you see about theplan that leads you to believe that it’s verygood?

Instead of this… It’s better to say this…Why don’t you do another level of analysison this. You need to talk to Paula.

I think it would help to get moreinformation on this before we decide.Paula said she has been through a similarconversion. I would talk to her about whatdata she used to design her procedure, sinceI heard her say it was successful.

Tools - InferencesLink the following inferences to DOD

Have you ever programmed anything this complex?

This report has some problems.

I can’t work with that guy.

He’s going to resist the system because he won’t understand it.

Tools - Censorship

Self-Censorship (particularly of negative feelings)

Occurs automatically

Almost inevitably leaks out

Is prone to misunderstanding

Own your feelings and reflect on them

Practicum Choice Point - One or several Situation Grids?

Complete Classroom Situation Example

Choose “best” to work on

Questions?

Comments?

Further Interest?

Ray Luechtefeld Patti Fleck University of Missouri-Rolla

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