Ramage 16, Hacker Shifts & Numbers
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Transcript of Ramage 16, Hacker Shifts & Numbers
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Ramage Chapter 16: Incorporating Sourcesinto your own Argument
Hacker Chapters 13 & 41 Shifts & Numbers
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Using the lines below, write a summary, aparaphrase, and a quote.
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun,
Coral is far more red, than her lips red,
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun:
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head:
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Summaries
are shorter than the source
Concise, does not stray from sourceParaphrases
are as long if not longer than the source
Translated into your own wordsQuoting
uses the sources exact words to make amemorable point
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During paraphrasingWhen writer mirrors original sentence
structure while replacing occasional wordswith synonyms or small structural changes
Form of academic dishonesty
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Using the lines below, write a summary, aparaphrase, and a quote.
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun,
Coral is far more red, than her lips red,
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun:
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head:
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Quotation that takes four or more lines inyour essay
Double indent (hit tab twice)
Generally introduced with an attributive tagfollowed by a colon
Rarely occur in scholarly writing
Used when analyzing quoted text
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These distract or confuse readers
Point of view
Verb tense
Mood or voice Indirect to direct questions/quotations
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First person emphasizes writer
Good for informal letters and writing based onpersonal experience
Second person emphasizes readerGood for giving advice or explaining how to do
something
Third person emphasizes subject
Best for formal academic and professional writing
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Our class practiced rescuing a victim trapped ina wrecked car. We learned to dismantle the carwith the essential tools. You were graded onyour speed and your skill in freeing the victim.
Our class practiced rescuing a victim trapped ina wrecked car. We learned to dismantle the carwith the essential tools. You were graded onyourspeed andyourskill in freeing the victim.
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Consistent verb tenses clearly establish time of theactions being described
There was no way I could fight the current and win.Just as I was losing hope, a stranger jumps off a
passing boat and swims toward me.
There was no way I could fight the current and win.Just as I was losing hope, a stranger jumped off apassing boat and swam toward me.
There was no way I could fight the current and win.Just as I was losing hope, a stranger jumped off apassing boat and swam toward me.
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When writing about literature, use present tense(especially fiction)
The scarlet letter is a punishment sternly placedon Hesters breast by the community, and yetit was a fanciful and imaginative product ofHesters own needlework.
The scarlet letter is a punishment sternly placed
on Hesters breast by the community, and yetit is a fanciful and imaginative product ofHesters own needlework.
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Three moods in English Indicative is used for facts, opinions, questions
Imperative is used for orders or advice
Subjunctive is used to express wishes or
conditions contrary to factThe counselor advised us to spread out our core
requirements over two or three semester.Also, pay attention to pre-requisites for
elective courses.The counselor advised us to spread out our core
requirements over two or three semester. Shealso suggested that we pay attention to pre-requisites for elective courses.
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Each student completes a self-assessment. Theself-assessment is then given to the teacherand a copy is exchanged with a classmate.
Each student completes a self-assessment, givesit to the teacher, and exchanges a copy with aclassmate.
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Indirect question: We asked whether we couldvisit Miriam
Direct question: Can we visit Miriam?
I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft and, ifso, whether she reported it to the police.
I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft and, ifso, did she report it to the police?
I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft and, ifso, whether she reported it to the police.
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The patient said she had been experiencingheart palpitations and please run as manytests as possible to find out whats wrong.
The patient said she had been experiencingheart palpitations and asked me to run asmany tests as possible to find out what waswrong.
The patient said she had been experiencingheart palpitations and asked me to run asmany tests as possible to find out what waswrong.
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MLA use numerals for numbers above onehundred (starting with 101)
MLA spell out numbers one hundred andbelow
MLA spell out large round numbers(fifteen million)
APA spell out numbers one through nine,10 and above written numerically
Both when one number immediatelyfollows another, spell out one number anduse numerals for other (three 100-meterevents, 25 four-poster beds)
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Dates July 4, 1776; 56 BC; AD 30
Addresses 77 Latches Lane, 519 West 42nd Street
Percentages 55 percent (or 55%)
Fractions, Decimals , 0.047 Scores 7 to 3, 21 18
Statistics average age 37, average weight 180
Surveys 4 out of 5
Exact amounts of money - $105. 37 Divisions of books volume 3, Chapter 4, page 189
Divisions of plays act 3, scene 3 (or act III, sceneiii)
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Identification numbers serial number10988675
Time of Day 4:00 p.m., 1:30 a.m.
When not using a.m. or p.m., write outthe time in words (two oclock in theafternoon, twelve noon, seven in the
morning)
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I love you.
Subject is the person doing something
I am performing the love; therefore I am the
subject
Object is having something done to them
You are the object of my affection
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Use who when referring to the subject of aclause
Who loves you?
Use whom when referring to the object ofa clause
Whom do you love?
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Him and whom both end with the letter m
When trying to choose between who or whom,ask if the answer to the question would be he
or himWho (or whom) do you love?
Answer is I love him, so whom is correct
Who (or whom) broke his heart?Answer is She broke his heart, so who is
correct
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1. ______ should we invite to the party?
Whom
2. ______ wants ice cream?
Who
3. ____ do you trust?Whom
4. For ______ the Bell Tolls
Whom
5. ______ left the alligator in the backyard?Who
6. ______ do you think you are?
Who
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Youre too big for your britches.
Theyre on their way there.
Please give me two dollars so that I can go tothe store too.
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Give an incorrect example of each shift rule.Then, correct the example.
Complete Exercise 41-1 in Hacker
Complete worksheet athttp://teacher.scholastic.com/scholasticnews/magazines/scope/pdfs/SCOPE-REPRO-092109-07.pdf
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In Ramage, read the Appendix on InformalFallacies
Turn to page 411
Identify the fallacy of each statement.
Explain how the fallacy renders theargument nonpersuasive.