Rainwater Harvesting & Condensate Recovery (Chicago 3.1.12)

Rain Water Harvesting & Condensate RecoveryNew Tools for

Sustainable Site

Development

by

Tom Barrett

Green Water Infrastructure

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 0 b y To m B a r r e t t

Chicago

Green • Water • Infrastructure





Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

How Much Rain Falls in Chicago?

January - 1.86"February - 1.58"March - 2.59"April - 3.28"May - 3.75"June- 4.08"July - 3.39"August - 3.38"September - 2.91" October - 2.65"November - 2.09"December - 1.88"Total 33.44"

Image of Rain Falling

Graph of Chicago Rain Fall

Thirty Year Average Monthly Rain Fall

Chicago(1971 - 2000)

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0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

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4.50

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January February March April May June July August September October November December

Month

Inch

es

How Much Water Falls in Chicago?

January - 2,727 gallonsFebruary - 2,540March - 4,130April - 5,735May - 5,268June- 5,657July - 5,470August - 7,200September - 5,096 October - 4,223November - 4,691December - 3,787Total 56,525


2,500 sq. ft. Roof


January - 11,880 gallonsFebruary - 11,065March - 17,990April - 24,982May - 22,945June - 24,642July - 23,828August - 31,363September - 22,199 October - 18,397November - 20,434December - 16,496Total 246,221


¼ Acre Residential Property


January - 142,560 gallonsFebruary - 132,784March - 215,876April - 299,783May - 275,344June - 295,710July - 285,934August - 376,358September - 266,383 October - 220,764November - 245,203December - 197,954Total 2,954,654


3 Acre Commercial Property


January - 475,195 gallonsFebruary - 442,610March - 719,581April - 999,267May - 917,805June - 985,690July - 953,105August - 1,254,515September - 887,936 October - 735,873November - 817,335December - 659,842Total 9,848,756

City Block (660’ x 660’ – 10 acres)

How Much Water is in Rain Event?¼” Rain ½” Rain 1” Rain

2,500 ft. sq. Roof

390 gallons 779 gallons 1,558 gallons

¼ Acre Residential Property

1,697 3,994 67,789

3 Acre Commercial Property

20,366 40,731 135,770

Chicago City Block

67,885 135,770 271,540

What can we do with this water?

• Flush Toilets• Wash Vehicles• Clean Sidewalks• Laundry• Water the

Landscape

How Much Do We Use?

DailyMonthly AnnuallyToilet - 19 gallons 570 6,840Bathing - 15 450 5,400Laundry - 8 240 2,880Kitchen - 7 210 2,520Housekeeping - 1 30 360 Total 50 1,500 18,000

The average household uses between 50 and 100 gallons of water per person per day.

How Much Water Does a Landscape Need in Chicago?

January - 0.00"February - 0.00"March - 0.68"April - 2.01"May - 3.95"June- 5.89"July - 6.99"August - 6.07"September - 3.87" October - 2.08"November - 0.63"December - 0.00"Total 32.17"

Graph of Chicago Evapotranspiration

Evapotranspiration(Chicago)

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Evaportation

Graph of Chicago Rain Fall & Evapotranspiration

Precipatation(Chicago)

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Rain Fall

Graph of Chicago Rain Fall & Evapotranspiration

ET vs. Precipatation(Chicgo)

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inch

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Evaportation

Difference

What is the Problem?

ET Rain DifferenceJanuary - 0.00" 1.75" 1.75" February - 0.00" 1.63" 1.63" March - 0.68" 2.65" 1.97" April - 2.01" 3.68" 1.67" May - 3.95" 3.38" -0.57" June- 5.89" 3.63" -2.26"July - 6.99" 3.51" -3.48"August - 6.07" 4.62" -1.45"September - 3.87" 3.27" -0.60"October - 2.08" 2.71" 0.63"November - 0.63" 3.01" 2.38"December - 0.00" 2.43" 2.43"Total 32.17“ 36.27" 4.10"

Landscape Ecology

Size the landscape to the 80% of the average rain water production.

– Roof Runoff

– Hardscape Runoff

Balancing rain water to landscape creates a functional landscape that utilizes the site’s water production.

http://www.gardenworms.com/


Stormwater Mitigation






– Collection runoff near the source

– Slow it down

– Soak it in

– Filter it

– Apply it to the landscape

– Create habitats



Peak Flow(1 Acre Site)

Grass Field Roof

1 Year Storm 1.4 cfs 4.3 cfs


10 Year Storm 4.3 cfs 8.0 cfs25 Year Storm 5.7 cfs 9.5 cfs


cfs – cubic feet per second


Grass Field Roof

1 Year Storm 10.5 gps 32.2 gps


10 Year Storm 32.2 gps 59.8 gps25 Year Storm 42.6 gps 71.1 gps


gps – gallons per second


Grass Field Roof

1 Year Storm 630 gpm 1,932 gpm

2 Year Storm 942 gpm 2,424 gpm

10 Year Storm 1,932 gpm 3,588 gpm25 Year Storm 2,556 gpm 4,266 gpm

100 Year Storm 3,588 gpm 5,388 gpm

gpm – gallons per minute

Peak Flow(2,500 sq. ft. Roof)

Grass Field Roof



10 Year Storm 0.25 cfs 0.46 cfs25 Year Storm 0.33 cfs 0.55 cfs


cfs – cubic feet per second

Peak Flow(2,500 sq. ft. Roof)

Grass Field Roof



10 Year Storm 1.85 gps 3.43 gps25 Year Storm 2.44 gps 4.08 gps


gps – gallons per second

Peak Flow(2,500 ft. sq. Roof)

Grass Field Roof

1 Year Storm 36 gpm 111 gpm


10 Year Storm 111 gpm 206 gpm25 Year Storm 147 gpm 245 gpm


gpm – gallons per minute

Stormwater Effects of Urbanization

Change in Peak Runoff FlowBefore and after Development

0%

50%

100%

150%

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250%

1 Year Storm 2 Year Storm 10 YearStorm

25 YearStorm

100 YearStorm

Rain Barrels

Video Jug

How to Build a Rainwater Collection System Video

www.Videojub.com

Collection and Dispersal

Collection Systems

– Rain Barrels

– Downspout Collection

– Cisterns

Dispersal Systems

– Rain Gardens

– Bioswales

– Irrigation



Rain Barrels

Rain Barrels

• Collect a small amount of water– 50 to 300 gallons

• Can be unattractive

• The water must be used

Downspout Collectors

Downspout Collectors

Captures 90% of the rainwater

Cisterns

Above Ground

Cisterns

Below Ground

Video

Installing a 30,000 gallon Cistern In Four Minutes

Putting It Together

Control Systems

Sensors plus Logic Circuits

Cistern Sensors

• High Water – Disperse the water– Alarm

• Irrigation Water– Reserve for landscape

• Household Water– Minimum if household water use

• Low Water l– Pump protection

Irrigation System

• Soil moisture



Drip Irrigation Systems

90% Efficiency Rating

Expanding Stormwater Detention Systems into Stormwater

RetentionSmall increase in size creates a large increase in volume.

Small increase in cost delivers a large volume of water.

Mitigates the ¼” to ½” rainfall events.

Condensation

Condensation

Condensation

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

HVAC Condensation

• ½ gallon per hour per ton of air conditioning.

• 1,000 ton air conditioner produces 8 gallons of water per minute.

• Condensation production occurs when the landscape needs the water.

HVAC Condensation

• ½ gallon per hour per ton of air conditioning.

• One ton of air conditioning for every 700 sq. ft. of floor space.

• One ton of air conditioning for every 5,600 cu. ft. of building volume.

Residential Condensation

• 8 to 15 gallons of water per day.

• 60 to 100 gallons per week.

• 250 to 450 gallons per month.

Commercial Condensation

• 15 gallons of water per minute.

• 360 gallons of water per day.

• 2,520 gallons of water per week.

• 10,000 gallons of water a month.

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Questions?

• Green Water Infrastructure• Strategic Planning

• Marketing• Coaching• Training

Tom BarrettGreen Water Infrastructure, Inc.P.O. Box 124Westfield, Indiana 46074(317) 674-3494

[email protected]

Rainwater Harvesting & Condensate Recovery (Chicago 3.1.12)

Design

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