Rain Garden Presentation 012713 - Austin, Texas · 2020-02-20 · Solutions Section A rain garden...
Transcript of Rain Garden Presentation 012713 - Austin, Texas · 2020-02-20 · Solutions Section A rain garden...
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RAIN GARDENS
Susan Kenzle, RLA, LIWatershed Protection Department
City of Austin
Source: Iowa Natural Resources Conservation Service
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Watershed Protection Department (WPD)Missions: water quality protection and erosion control
• Environmental Resource Management• Field Operations• Watershed Engineering• Watershed Policy and Planning
Design, implement & evaluate engineered systems that reduce pollution & erosion in our waterways. Stormwater is a resource.• Water quality control retrofits• Stream restoration
DIVISIONS
Sustainable StormwaterSolutions Section
A rain garden is one of 7 “green stormwater Infrastructure” practices recognized by WPD as eligible for water quality credit
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•What and Why•What and Why1
• Types• Types2
• Plants• Plants3
• Maintenance• Maintenance4
Rain Garden Topics
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Source: Iowa Natural Resources Conservation Service
RAIN GARDENS:WHAT & WHY
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Rain Garden: What?A shallow, vegetated depression designed to absorb and filter runoff from hardscapes like roads, sidewalks, driveways, roofs
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Rain Garden: Why?• To slow and clean stormwater: reduces
erosion and flooding, protects water quality by filtering pollutants
• To minimize potable water use on landscapes
• Increase baseflow in creeks and groundwater recharge by enhancing water infiltration into the soil (rather than overland)
• To support habitat for birds and butterflies
• Aesthetics
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Stormwater enters inlet Flooding of West Bouldin Creekinto development
Erosion: West Bouldin Creek Erosion Repair: West Bouldin Creek
Rain Garden: Why? To capture & infiltrate stormwater runoff
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Source:treehugger.org
Rain Garden: Why?To filter stormwater and remove pollutants from various sources
Source:mass.gov/dep/water/resources
Source:delcocd.org Source:ristormwatersolutions.org
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Source: Iowa Natural Resources Conservation Service
Source:greenhousecanada.com
Rain Garden: Why?To filter stormwater and remove pollutants
Plants & soil filter and remove pollutants
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RAIN GARDENS:TYPES
Source: lowimpactdevelopment.org
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Rain Gardens: info. sourcesThe City of Austin has two sources of information on Rain Gardens:
• City of Austin Environmental Criteria Manual (ECM), Section 1.6.7 Commercial, Multi‐family, Civic, and Public R.O.W.
• Grow Green (residential)
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Rain Gardens: TypesCity of Austin ECM 1.6.7 H details three types of non‐residential Rain Gardens:• Full Infiltration• Partial Infiltration• Filtration with no infiltration
Residential rain gardens are not governed by the ECM. • Full infiltration.
Source:liv.ac.uk
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Rain GardensSOIL & WATER INFILTRATION• Type of existing soil and its infiltration rate effects the type of rain garden.• Infiltration time: non‐residential (48 hrs max.) and residential (24 hrs max.). • Non‐residential rain gardens: native soil or biofiltration media, underdrain system.
• Rain garden growing medium characteristics: Have sufficient water holding capacity; Be able to sustain healthy microorganism population.
Infiltration Test
Source: watab.net
Simple Infiltration test Double ring Infiltration test
• Simple• Cheap• Direct Infiltration Rate
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• Captures and fully infiltrates runoff• The infiltration capacity of the site soils are used to reduce
stormwater runoff volume and associated pollutants
• No underdrain
Rain Garden Types – Full Infiltration
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• Captures and treats runoff through a biofiltrationbed, a special soil mix
• Stormwater exits this rain garden in 2 ways: via a raised outlet pipe by infiltration into the underlying soil
Rain Garden Types – Partial Infiltration
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Rain Garden Types – Filtration with noInfiltration
• Captures and conveys runoff through:
biofiltration bed
underdrain system
• No infiltration into underlying soil.
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Rain Garden Types ‐ Residential
• Native soil• No underdrain or connection to stormwater system
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Rain Gardens: Examples
• Rain gardens across the city take various forms
Commercial Multi‐family Civic Public R.O.W.
Residential
Full InfiltrationPartial InfiltrationFiltration
Full Infiltration
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Rain Garden Examples ‐ Commercial
W 34th Street
Zach Scott Theater3300 N IH35 – Aveda Institute
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Rain Garden Examples – Multi‐family
Wildflower Terrace, Mueller
Wildflower Terrace, Mueller
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West RGInfiltration
North RGPart Infil.
East RGPart Infil.
Rain Garden Examples ‐ CivicCity of Austin, One Texas Center
Inundated Dry OTC Rain Garden Facts:• 1.5 AC drainage area;• 761,615 gal of treated
stormwater treated in an average year;
• Approximately 1,000 lbstotal suspended solids prevented from entering East Bouldin Creek and Lady Bird Lake.
OTC Rain Garden Facts:• 1.5 AC drainage area;• 761,615 gal of treated
stormwater treated in an average year;
• Approximately 1,000 lbstotal suspended solids prevented from entering East Bouldin Creek and Lady Bird Lake.
West Rain Garden
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Rain Garden Examples ‐ Civic
NW Recreation Center Stacy Park
NW Recreation Center
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Rain Garden Examples – R.O.W.
10th & Rio Grande Grover Ave.
Todd Lane (future)
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Rain Gardens Examples ‐ Residential
Solvita Townhomes, Harmon Ave.
Bellamy Residence
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RAIN GARDENS:PLANTS
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Rain Gardens: Plants• Plants are an essential component –
they filter and clean stormwater, and stabilize the soil
• Use Native or adapted plants
• Use Drought‐tolerant plants
• Plants with fibrous root systems are very beneficial
• Plant roots will maintain and increase soil porosity
• Avoid plants that require well‐drained soils
• Diversity of plant types
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Rain Gardens: PlantsPLANT INFORMATION SOURCES• Non‐residential follow ECM 1.6.7C, Biofiltration
• Turf grass (e.g., buffalo grass)• Groundcovers• Small treesOther with approval• Perennials• Shrubs• Grasses, Sedges
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Rain Gardens: PlantsPLANT INFORMATION SOURCES
• Residential
Grow Green brochure
Landscape Plants guide
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Rain Gardens: Plants at OTC Rain Gardens
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Rain Gardens: Plants at OTC Rain Gardens
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Source: sbgardendesign.wordpress.com
RAIN GARDENS:MAINTENANCE
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Rain Gardens: Consider Maintenance During Design• Select native vegetation whenever possible.
• Plan vegetation throughout the entire garden.
• Plants should predominate over mulch or gravel soil stabilization. Proper plant spacing is important.
• Crushed granite & other materials with fines should not be used as they can clog the system, preventing proper drainage.
• If pedestrian traffic is expected, provide stepping stones to direct walking.
• Plant spiny vegetation along garden edge to discourage pedestrian use.
• Design the garden depression to be as shallow as possible to facilitate mowing and reduce erosion.
• Design with maintenance in mind.
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Rain Gardens: Post‐construction Maintenance
Keep curb cut or other inflow device clear of leaves, trash, sediment, media
Inflow
Remove excess sediment from inside inlet to allow proper flow into rain garden
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Rain Gardens: Post‐construction Maintenance
Maintain mulch depth & coverage. No bare areas over 10 s.f. Repair erosion, animal burrows.
Plants, Mulch, Soil
Remove or control weedswith minimal herbicide, pesticide use.
IPM
Replace dead or diseasedvegetation. 95% living veg. is required.
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Rain Gardens: Post‐construction MaintenancePlants
Prune excessive growth or prune for plant health Do not prune native plants in geometric or
unnatural shapes
Bunch grasses noshorter than 18”
Mow sod‐forming grasses no shorter than 3”
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Rain Gardens: Post‐construction MaintenancePlants, Irrigation
Minimize irrigation use but keepplants adequately water duringestablishment and drought
Check systems periodically for proper function, leaks
Tree stabilization should be removed after 1 year
Girdled trunk
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Rain Gardens: Post‐construction MaintenanceTrash, Dead Animals, Standing Water
Water standing for over 48 hrsmay signal clogging & becomea mosquito breeding area
Remove dead animals, pet waste, and trash regularly
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QUESTIONS?
Source: Iowa Natural Resources Conservation Service