Raffaello Sobbia (Group 8142):: Stefan Joray (Group …...Raffaello Sobbia (Group 8142):: Stefan...
Transcript of Raffaello Sobbia (Group 8142):: Stefan Joray (Group …...Raffaello Sobbia (Group 8142):: Stefan...
WIR SCHAFFEN WISSEN – HEUTE FÜR MORGEN
IP2 2016 fluid dynamics simulations
Raffaello Sobbia (Group 8142):: Stefan Joray (Group 8141):: Nicholas van der Meulen (Group
4703):: Daniela Kiselev (Dept. 8100) and Michael Wohlmuther (Group 8142) :: Paul Scherrer
Institut
CADFEM ANSYS Simulation Conference 2019 19.06.2019 Technische Hochschule, Rapperswil.
• Brief introduction to PSI High Intensity Proton Accelerator (HIPA) facilities, one of
the most powerful accelerator in the world!
• Isotope Production at PSI: overview, aim, brief description of radionuclide
development at PSI
• Geometry of IP2 2016 and major difficulties in simulation
• Goal of this study (2016)
• Simulation procedures
• Results
• Ideas for future work
Outline
Page 2
Injector II Cyclotron 72 MeV
Ring Cyclotron 590 MeV
SINQ spallation source
2.2 mA /1.3 MW
1.5 mA /0.9 MW CW operation
/ secondary beamlines
target M (d = 5mm) target E (d = 40mm)
UCN source
Cockcroft Walton (particle accelerator)
Proton therapy center [250MeV sc. cyclotron]
SINQ instruments
dimensions:
120 x 220m2
Overview HIPA
Isotope production station
Page 3
Overview HIPA: detail on IP station
protons
Page 4
Proton beam
72 MeV
50 microA
Production of high specific activity and purity
radionuclides for intended medical
applications (e.g. Scandium 44)
Isotope Production Station for Radionuclides
Page 5
Radionuclide Development at PSI: Sc-44
Chemical Separation and Processing
Target Preparation & Encapsulation
Target dimensions:
6 mm diameter, 0.5 mm thick
Target Loading into Irradiation Station
Target Irradiation with Protons
(p,n) Nuclear Reaction
Radiolabelling and Imaging Page 6
Page 7
Testing and Manipulation of Dummy Target
After irradiation Target has to be
remotely handled, so the housing must be
“easily” mounted/dismounted
IP2 Geometry 2016: CATIA explosion with Niobium degraders (Nb)
Page 8
Nb degraders
The power deposited by the proton beam will be quite high so the experiment
must be sufficiently well cooled!
Proton beam
direction
72 MeV
50 microA
IP2 Geometry 2016: cutting plane
Page 9
Outlet (top)
Inlet (bottom)
water channels
Outlet (top)
Inlet (bottom) Ta
rge
t
Degraders
IP2 Geometry: 3D
Page 10
Magenta thermocouples
with insertions
Green capsule
All the rest are water
channels
Outlet (top)
Inlet (bottom)
For this configuration
and a proton current of 50 microA
max. power density at
thermocouple positions
( before degraders )
can reach around 12.5 [W / mm3]
The geometry of the
flow channels
spans from really
small channels (0.1 mm width)
to relatively large channels
(16.4 mm width)
with complicated geometry
and flow structures
Figure left: flow streamlines.
Figure right: mesh.
CADFEM support really valuable in building the complicated mesh !!!
Major difficulties of CFD simulations
Page 11
Inlet
Outlet Outlet
Inlet
Targ
et
BL with 0.028 mm thickness
Examples of mesh size for boundary layers (BL)
Page 12
On average total
mesh statistics:
23’101’411 elements
Hybrid mesh
Tetrahedrons
(12’181’962)
Prisms (9’734’791)
Hexahedrons
(1’159’678)
Pyramids (24’980)
Boundary layers with
7 nodes
perpendicular to the
wall and growth rate
of max. 1.3
BL with 0.19 mm thickness
Goal of the study Geometry: cut at middle plane (y = 0)
Page 13
Our main goal
during this simulation
campaign was to assure
that the flow is
well distributed
throughout the
channels.
At this stage NO POWER
DEPOSITION.
Outlet (top)
Inlet (bottom)
Targ
et
• Steady-state flow simulations
• 2 bar operating pressure
•0.1 Kg/s at inlet
•Water as coolant fluid
•CFX with SST turbulent model with Automatic wall
functions
Simulation settings
Page 14
Results: cutting planes for velocity contour plots (top view)
Page 15
Perpendicular cutting plane at 0 mm on the Z axis
Inlet
Outlet
Z axis
Beam direction
Targ
et
plane at 0 mm in Z direction
Results: velocity contour plots
Page 16
Z axis and main flow directions
perpendicular to the figure
outwards of the plane
Beam direction
Results: cutting planes for velocity contour plots (top view)
Page 17
Perpendicular cutting plane at +5 mm on the Z axis
Perpendicular cutting plane at -5 mm on the Z axis
Inlet
Outlet
Z axis
Beam direction
Targ
et
plane at -5 mm in Z direction plane at +5 mm in Z direction
Results: velocity contour plots
Page 18
Z axis and main flow directions
perpendicular to the figure
outwards of the plane
Beam direction
Results: cutting planes for velocity contour plots (top view)
Page 19
Perpendicular cutting plane at +10 mm on the Z axis
Perpendicular cutting plane at -10 mm on the Z axis
Inlet
Outlet
Z axis
Beam direction
Targ
et
Results: velocity contour plots
Page 20
plane at -10 mm in Z direction plane at +10 mm in Z direction
max velocity (see next slide)
Z axis and main flow directions
perpendicular to the figure
outwards of the plane Beam direction
Results: velocity streamlines
Page 21
max velocity
Inlet
Outlet
Z axis
Targ
et
Beam direction
Results: cutting planes for velocity contour plots (top view)
Page 22
Perpendicular cutting plane at +20 mm on the Z axis
Perpendicular cutting plane at -23 mm on the Z axis
Inlet
Outlet
Z axis
Beam direction
Targ
et
Results: velocity contour plots
Page 23
plane at -23 mm in Z direction plane at +20 mm in Z direction
Z axis and main flow directions
perpendicular to the figure
outwards of the plane Beam direction
Results: pressure drops chamber with thermocouple inserts
Page 24
Cut on plane Y=0
pressure contour plot
P1
P2
P1
P2
P3
P4
P3
P4
Inlet
Outlet
Pressure loss from P1 to P4 ~ 40%
Targ
et
Results: pressure drop back channel
Page 25
Cut on plane Y=0
pressure contour plot
P1
P1
P2
P3 P4
P5 P6
P7 P8
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7 P8
Inlet
Outlet
Pressure loss from P1 to P8 ~ 36%
Targ
et
Page 26
Wir schaffen Wissen – heute für morgen
Summary : 2016 simulations show relatively uniform flow distribution
across the water channels in IP2 2016 geometry
… so that capsule, degraders and thermocouples with insertions should be
sufficiently well cooled but upgrade is possible in future designs.
Next step is re-do the flow study for the updated IP2 2019 geometry
without power deposition and later to introduce the power deposition