Radio Network Optimization

OSS-RC 5Radio Network Optimization

17/221 09-FGC 101 784 Uen Rev D Commercial in confidence Radio Network Optimization 2008-03-182

Agenda

OSS-RC RNO Overview

RNO for WCDMAMRR-WNCS-W

NCS-GW

RNO for GSMMRR-G

NCS-G/NOXFAS/FOXSYROX

CCETET

OSS-RC RNO Summary


Agenda

OSS-RC RNO Overview


NCS-GW

RNO for GSMMRR-G


CCETET

OSS-RC RNO Summary


Network Functionality - Summary

Functionality factor

1992 1998 2004 2010

Cost of Operation

Time

Network Functionality

O&M Cost


Planning Tuning Troubleshooting

PMR

TETMRR (GSM & WCDMA)

FAS, FOXNCS (GSM & WCDMA), NOX

SYROXRNDBI

RNO

R-PMO, REDERPDBI

EBS (GSM, WCDMA, Core)EBA EventBased

Applications

GM LogGM Log

Business ObjectsENIQ

OSS RC Radio NW Monitoring & Optimization toolsTEM

S Visualization

RTTM

FFAX

CCE

CTR, CER

PMA UETR, GPEHCTR

MTR


RNO Advantages! Centralized operation from the RNO GUI

– Recording, file collection & presentation– Seamless Operation for 2G/3G operators

! Measurements from a live network and real mobiles! Overview of a large number of cells! Timesaving compared to drive tests! Areas not accessible can be optimized


Time savings in Radio Network Optimization ! Frequency optimization: Suggest

frequency changes for minimized interferenceTime saving ~ 95%

! Neighbor identification: to find potential neighbours to add and identify neighbours that can be removedTime saving ~ 99%


Example 1 - Quality Improvements! 0.5% increased call set up success rate and 0.6% reduced call drop

rate in a city with 3000K subscribers leads to:! 1 440 000 USD yearly increased revenue

Network improvements give value

Example 2 – Optimization Neighbor relations! Drive testing in 2000 cells with measurements,

30 minutes per cell -> 1000 man hours! Comparable to a few hours of recording with NCS/NOX

complemented with STS statistics 0.5 man hours

Example 3 – Identification of interference in whole network! Whole network can be checked for abnormal interference in 2 hours! Example 4 – Optimization of interference and quality! Using Frequency Allocation Support FAS in a tuned quality network enabled

fast identification of interference sources and fine tuning activities resulting in e.g a 50% reduction of DL interference !


Estimated downlink interference = ~ 50 %Measured uplink interference = ~ 7 %

Downlink Quality Triggered Handover = ~ 35 %Uplink Quality Triggered Handover = ~ 12 %Handover Fail = ~ 9 %Handover Drop = ~ 7 %

Low Quality drops – SDCCH = ~ 8 %Low Quality drops – TCH = ~ 9%Bad Quality Disconnection = ~ 11 %Bad SQI = ~ 3 %

Example 4 – Optimization of Interference and quality(Result from real optimization project during 2005)

The numbers indicate the improvement to a tuned network using RNO FAS measurements, ICDM and external cellplanning tools !!


When can RNO be helpful?! Frequency Planning! Missing or too many neighbor relations! Catastrophy situations, fast re-optimization! Bad TCH or BCCH frequencies! No dominant server! External interference! Cell covers too much, wrong position, antenna direction! Swapped sectors! ACCMIN, MSRXMIN! Power control or HCS parameters! Bad speech quality! Competitor analysis, roaming performance strongest server! 2G/3G NCS-GW, find the best WCDMA neighbors! 3G NCS-W, handle and optimize WCDMA neighbors! 3G RES/MRR-W find cells with bad service quality! 3G RES/MRR-W find cells with UL or DL coverage problems


RNO functionality summary! MRR-GSM - analyze radio characteristics, “Seamless Operation”! NCS/NOX GSM - find the best GSM neighbors! FAS/FOX GSM - find the best frequencies

– measurement of internal/ external interference– Create ICDM measurement

! SYROX - optimization of synchronized radio networks! CCE – Evaluating the competitor coverage compared to own! TET - find the best hot spot location! NCS-GW - find the best WCDMA neighbors in GSM! NCS-W – find the best WCDMA neighbors and maintain neighbor list! MRR-W Analysing coverage and quality, Seamless Operation! Complementary data sources for optimization are:

– Statistics and events provided by the features NWS/ENIQ, R-PMO, GPEH, etc...


Installed baseNov. 2006 compared to Nov. 2007

178107WCDMA

474428GSM

20072006OSS Systems

MRR FAS

FOX

NCS

NOX

TET

SYRO

XNC

S-G

WNC

S-W

MRR

-W

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Installed base RNO

nov-06

nov-07


NCS-GW

MRR-GNCS-G

Radio Network Optimization GSM and WCDMA

FOX

FAS

SYROX

RNDBI

BRF

NCS-W MRR-WRNDBIRNDBI

RNDBI

GSM recording applicationGSM expert application

WCDMA recording applicationGSM-WCDMA recording application

CCE

NOX-G TETRNDBI


RNO WCDMA - Common structure

RNC

RNO Applications

CS

Reports Export

Network data

Recording parameters

Recording definition

Measurement data

PMS

RBS

MRR-W NCS-W EBS-W

TSS

Authen-tication

PMS: Performance Management SubSystemCS: Configuration ServiceTSS: Telecom Security Services


ReportsExport

BSC

RNO Applications

CNA SDM

Recording Definition

RecordingData

Counters

Networkupdate

Implemen-tation

DataCollection

Network data

CNAM

BSM

GNIP

TSS

Network data

Maps

Authentication

Supervision

RNO GSM - Common Structure

RBS

...

MRR NCS FAS ...


BSC recording functions

Measurement Report

RIRUplink interference

BSC recording function

RNO Application in the OSS

MRR

BAR

MRR

TET

FOXFAS

NOXNCS

Measurement Result

Serving cell DL

Serving cell ULBSC

SYROX

Neighboring cell DL


Agenda

RNO for GSMMRR-G


CCETET

OSS-RC RNO Overview

OSS-RC RNO Summary


When can MRR-G be helpful ?! Speech Quality! Traffic distribution! Power control! HCS parameters! Bad speech quality! Cell cover too much (non-urban area)! Signal levels! ...

What value doesMRR-G bring to you?


Supervision

NetworkPerformance

Implementation

CNA

Verification

CompareRadio

Characteristicsbefore and after

change of parameters

Analysis

Signal QualitySignal StrengthMS Power level BTS Power Red.Timing AdvancePath Loss Diff.

Path loss

MRR Network Supervision


MRR Overview Report


MRR Overview Histogram

Signal strength

Path loss

Signal quality

MS power LevelBTS power reduction

Timing Advance


! Recording thresholds can be specified when a new recording is defined

! The following thresholds are available:– RxQual– RxLev– TA– Path Loss Difference – FER– RxQual and RxLev– RxLev and TA– FER and RxLev– FER and TA

MRR Recording ParametersThresholds

! Available filters:– Full Rate – Enhanced Full Rate – Full Rate and Enhanced Full Rate – Half Rate – AMR Full Rate – AMR Half Rate – non-AMR Full Rate


When can NCS/NOX be helpful ?

! Missing neighbor relations ! Too many neighbor relations! Find neighbour relations to new cells! Cell in wrong position or incorrect antenna direction! No dominant server! Cell covers too much/little! Allows fast re-configuration during catastrophy situations

– also FAS/FOX

What value doesNCS/NOX bring to you?


NCS/NOX recording data

• BAR is used to find potential neighbors to add

• Handover statistics is used to find neighbors that can be removed


BCCH 33BSIC 17

BAR - Active BA-list Recording

Serving Cell

BCCH 35BSIC 12

BCCH 37BSIC 23

UndefinedNeighbour Cell

Defined Neighbour Cells

Transmit Active BA-list(35, 37, 33)

Mobile listen for BCCH 35, 37, 33

BSCBSC

Test frequency


NCS Cell Report

Reports above Rel. SS threshold

Handover statistics


NCS Recording data

Recording thresholds

Test frequenciesCells to

include

Inter system neighbour relations

Export


NOX functionality

! Gives recommendations on neighbors to add and remove

! Possibility to accept or reject some or all of the recommendations

! Automatic update of the network– NOX uses a CNA planned area– NOX schedules an update job


When can FAS/FOX be helpful?! Bad BCCH/TCH frequency! External interference! Cell covers too much! Cell in wrong position! Wrong antenna direction! No dominant server (FAS/FOX, NSC-G )! FAS ICDM measurements as input to frequency planning! Catastrophy situations, fast re-optimization (NCS-G/NOX )

What value doesFAS/FOX bring to you?


FAS Uplink Interference! All TRXs in the cell measures the uplink interference

repeatedly on test and configured frequencies! Use RIR function in the BSC

How to see uplink How to see uplink Interference?Interference?


FAS Downlink Interference! Measurement Reports from MS on test and configured

frequencies are collected! An ICDM is created and PIT-values are calculated to give an

estimation of the downlink interference! The BAR function in BSC is used to create an ICDM

ICDM – Inter Cell Dependency MatrixPIT – Percentage Interfered Traffic


FAS Cell Report example


FOX - Frequency Optimization eXpert

RecordingRecording

Reallocation Algorithm

Reallocation Algorithm

Implemen-tation

Implemen-tation

Recommended Change Order

Recommended Change Order

CNACNA

RecommendationMode

FAS-recordingFAS-recording

AutomaticMode


SYROX IntroductionSynchronized Radio Network Optimization Expert

! Provides an easy way to find and maintain parameter settings related to synthesized frequency hopping in a synchronized radio network

“Without SYROX this is a very complex task”

! Based on subscriber generated data! Integrated into RNO and dependant on FAS ICDM! Trials from real networks show a significant quality

improvement when there is high frequency load


SYROX activities

ICDM

Cell & FreqInformationCNA/BRF

Sync Cluster

PrioritizedCells

SYROXalgorithmSYROXalgorithm

FAS

CNA orCNAI

SYROX recommendation:

MAIOHSN

FNOFFSETTSC


SYROX recommendations

Recommended MAIO list


When can CCE be helpful ?! Benchmarking activities to competitors

– Evaluate the coverage of radio access networks belonging to competitor operators

– Identify what is the average difference towards a competitor– Compare strengths and weaknesses between own and

competitor radio access networks

! Input to a churn rate improvement activity! Verify improvements to network after tuning activity! Help when planning expansion of the coverage

All without drive testing!

OSS-RC 5.2FAJ 121 1172, CCE


Using CCE dataExample for management level reports

LoseSame312Arlanda Airport

SameSameLoseWinWin

Same

Trend year

Lose312Norrland

Win321E4 (road)

Trendmonth

CompetitorY rank

CompetitorX rank

OwnRankingCellset/Area

Lose123Lkpg+Nkpg (Cities)

Win231Skåne (region)

Same312Göteborg City

Same312Stockholm City


Competitor coverage evaluation! Uses own terminals to measure on competitors.! Uses the Competitor Coverage Recording, CCR, in the BSC

(07B) ! The result is shown both as detailed reports as well as

higher level management reports that give answers on the following:

– What is the average difference towards a competitor?– Has the situation changed since last report period?– Has a network enhancements activity given wanted result?

! To get similar accuracy, numerous drive tests need to be performed.

! Measures up to 5000 cells


Measurement Report

RIRUplink interference

BSC recording function

RNO Application in the OSS

MRRMeasurement Result

Serving cell DL

Neighbour cells DL

Serving cell UL

3G RBS

GSM BTS

BSC

TET

FOXFAS

NOXNCS

GWNCS

SYROX

MRR

CCE

BARGWBAR

CCR RECORDING

CCE built on RNO


CCE - Overview report


CCE - Cell Set Report


CCE – Cell Report


Competitor Frequencies Report


CCE recording setup


Operator Benefits

! Simple and reliable:– Very simple handling – anyone can do it– Real customers, real traffic– Fast: hours instead of weeks/months of drive testing

! Knowledge of competitive strengths and weaknesses in the radio access network

! Ability to focus resources (CAPEX or staff) where they make the most impact

– addressing churn and quality issues


TET Usage

! Estimate:– How much traffic a new cell would take– Quantify off-load in the surrounding cells

The tool is intended to facilitate capacity expansion, where good coverage already exists, e.g. introducing hot spot micro cells.


TET - Traffic estimation tool

• A test transmitter is used that transmits a BCCH-frequency

• The mobiles in the surrounding cells measure the signal strength of the test transmitter

• The test transmitter doesn’t take any traffic

TEST Transmitter

MR:sMR:s

TEST Transmitter shown is from ROHDE&SCHWARTZ


TET Traffic level chart of Surrounding cells


Agenda

OSS-RC RNO Overview


NCS-GW

OSS-RC RNO Summary


Why MRR-W?! ”If I have an RNC with maybe 800 or more cells and a mix of

urban, suburban, outdoor and indoor areas, then I would like to find:

– The cells with the worst coverage problems in UL or DL– The cells with the worst voice quality in UL or DL.”

! ”If I have a number of cells with high call drop rates then I would like to investigate the radio environment

– Can it be bad coverage in UL or DL?– Can I find any DL interference?”

MRR-W can be used to:• Evaluate and supervise network performance and quality

• Perform network tuning and optimization


Advantages of MRR-W

! MRR-W is used for supervision and evaluation of the networkperformance for a large number of cells

! Unique measurements not available anywhere else! Measured per service or Spreading Factor! Find the cells with bad speech quality! Analyse and optimize the Signal levels (Ec/No and RSCP) for

HSDPA (Service=InteractiveHS)! Analyse the uplink and downlink quality for the Video users! Find cells with coverage problems in uplink or downlink


MRR-W dependency:Radio Environment Statistics - RES

! RES is a measurement function implemented in the RNC– Collects measurements from RNC, RBS and UE

• DL BLER

• UE TX Power

• DL CPICH Ec/No

• DL CPICH RSCP • UL BLER• DL TX Code Power


MRR-W Recording

MRR-W Report

Error Log

RNO Main Window


MRR-W New Recording


MRR-W Overview Report


MRR-W Histogram Report

Downlink CPICH Ec/No in dB for Speech

Downlink CPICH RSCP for Speech

90th Percentile= -12 dB

90th Percentile= -107 dBm


Downlink Speech BLER (%) Uplink Speech BLER (%)

UE Transmit Power for Speech (dBm) Downlink CPICH Ec/No for Speech (dB)

Downlink CPICH RSCP for Speech (dBm)Downlink Transmit Code Power for Spreading

Factor 128


Why NCS-W?! ”Correct Neighbor cell definitions are vital for good WCDMA

performance, even more so than for 2G systems.”! ”Neighbor cell optimization usually requires a lot of manual

O&M work and drivetesting”! ”The network expansion is so fast that it is difficult to keep

up”

NCS-W can be used to:• Identify missing and unused neighbor relations

• Identify cells that covers too much (causing dropped calls)• Make fast re-optimization when cells are down or during

catastrophy situations


WCDMA Neighboring Cell Support! NCS-W can be used to:

– Detect missing neighbor cell definitions– Supervise existing neighbor definitions– Evaluate new cell relations after cells are added to the network

Existing neighbors

Missing neighbor

New cell


WCDMA Neighboring Cell Support

STATS GPEH

CSDb

Soft handover counters

GPEH Events

RNC

OSS

NCS-W Reports

NCS-W Change order(Planned Area)

Add: Relation A-BAdd: Relation B-A

Remove: Relation A-C....

Update NW


GPEH Events

! Based on GPEH messages:– INTERNAL_SOHO_DS_MISSING_NEIGHBOUR

! Occur when RNC receives event 1a or 1c measurement report and the triggering cell is not included in the Neighbor Set

– INTERNAL_SOHO_DS_UNMONITORED_NEIGHBOUR! Occur when handover proposal is received, where the

proposed cell is included in the neighbour set, but not included in the monitored set


Counters

! NCS-W collects and presents counters that measure WCDMA neighbour relations usage

! The cell relation counters used are:– pmRlAddAttemptsBestCellSpeech– pmRlAddSuccessBestCellSpeech


NCS-W New Recording WCDMA<-> WCDMA (soft, softer)

GSM->WCDMA

GSM<->GSM


NCS-W Overview Report

Data from GPEH Data from soft handover counters


NCS-W Cell ReportDefined Neighbors

Distance calculated from cells coordinates in

the CS database


NCS-W Cell ReportUndefined Neighbors

Guess based on reported SC and data from CS database


Why NCS-GW?

! ”Correct IRAT neighbor relations are important for reducingdropped calls and improving speech quality”

! ”WCDMA uses GSM as fallback technology whencoverage/quality or capacity fails”

NCS-GW can be used for:• Optimization of the GSM to WCDMA neighbor relations

• Find missing neighbor relations for WCDMA to GSM

IRAT – Inter Radio Access Technology


NCS-GW Usage

! NCS-GW can be used to:– Find neighboring 3G cell relations to a new GSM cell (network

planning) – Find missing neighboring 3G cell relations in the active 3G BA-

List in GSM cells (network optimization) – Find neighboring 3G cell relations to be removed from the active

3G BA-List in GSM cells (network optimization) – Evaluate neighboring 3G cell relations in GSM cells (network

supervision).

! The result will be improved quality and fewer dropped calls


Integrated in NCS as an add-on

Neighbouring Cell Support GSM-WCDMAAccording to FDDMRR or change during rec. to

1, 2 or 3

UMFI (UTRAN MeasurmentFrequency Information) =

Frequency-SC-DIV/NODIV


NCS-GW Overview ReportTop ranked cells with potential new WCDMA neighbor relations to add


NCS-GW Cell Report

Undefined Neighbors

Defined Neighbors

Data from MR:s Data from STS

Data from MR:s


NCS-GW Change Order

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Radio Network Optimization

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