RADIAN - Lockheed Martin · 2021. 1. 2. · RADIAN CORPORATION 204-139-07-01 DCN: 87-204-139-05...

RADIAN CORPORATION

204-139-07-01 DCN: 87-204-139-05

LOCKHEED PROPULSION (X)MPANY

BEAUMONT TEST FACILITIES

QAPP

HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION

Prepared for:

Mr. William A. Sullivan Lockheed Corporation

4500 Park Granada Boulevard Calabasas. CA 91399

Prepared by:

Chris Koerner. P.E. Ann Fornes

Radian Corporation 10395 Old PlaceIVille Road

Sacramento. CA 95827

June 25 • 19 87

10395 Old Placerville Rd./Sacramento, California 958271(916)362-5332

RADIAN ----TABLE OF

RADIAN COllllOIUll'IOI

3-1

4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5

7-1 7-2

7-3

7-4

7-5

7-6

7-7

7-8

7-9

7-10

8-1

LIST OF TABLES

Summary of Analytical Methods Precision & Accuracy Objectives • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •••

Summary of Proposed Sampling Activities at Beaumont No. 1 Summary of Proposed Sampling Activities at Beaumont No. 2 Beaumont No. 1 Proposed Monitoring Wells • • • • • Beaumont No. 2 Proposed Monitoring Wells • • ••• Water Sample Storage and Preservation Methods

Water Sample Storage and Preservation Methods • • • • • Summary of Calibration and Internal Quality Control Procedures for EPA Method 200.7 (CLP Modified) ••••••••••••••• EPA Method 200.7 (CLP Modified) Trace Elements (Metals) Parameters and Detection Limits EPA Method 601 (Water) • • • • • Purgeable Halocarbons Parameters and Detection Limits EPA Method 8080 (Soil) • • • • • Organochloride Pesticides and PCB's Parameters and Detection Limits

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Summary of Calibration and Internal Quality Control Procedures for EPA Method 608 • • • • • EPA Method 624 (Water) EPA Method 8240 (Soil) Purageable Halocarbons and Aromatics Parameters and Detection Limits Summary of Calibration and Internal Quality Control Procedures for EPA Method 624 (CLP Modified) . . EPA Method 625 (Water) • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • EPA Method 8270 (Soil) Base/Neutral and Acid Extractable Analysis Parameters and Detection Limits Summary of Calibration and Internal Quality Control Procedures for EPA Method 625 (CLP Modified)

Coding of Sample QC Data • • • . • • •

ii

3-2

4-5 4-7

4-21 4-26 4-46

7-3

7-7 7-8

7-11

7-12

7-13 7-15

7-16 7-18

7-21

8-3

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1-1 1-2

1-3

2-1

4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8 4-9 4-10 4-11 4-12 4-13 4-14

4-15 4-16 4-17 4-18 4-19 4-20 4-21 4-22 4-23 4-24

5-1 5-2 5-3

LIST OF FIGURES

Location of Beaumont No. 1 and No. 2 Test Facilities • Preliminary Ground-Water Investigation Distribution of Solvent Concentrations • • •••••••••••••• Alluvial Aquifer Water Table Elevations • • • • • • • •

Organizational Chart •

Beaumont No. 1. General Areas of Investigation • Soil-Vapor Probe • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Beaumont No. 1 Proposed Monitoring Well Locations Beaumont No. 2 Proposed Monitoring Well Locations Well Log • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Well Completion Log • • • • • • • • • • • • • Monitoring Well Completion • • •••••••• Monitoring Well Surface Completion • • • • • Well Completion Log • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Ground-Water Gauging Data Sheet • • • • Sampling Locations at Burn Pit Area. Beaumont No. 1 Sampling Locations at Permitted Landfill. Beaumont No. 1 ••••• Sampling Locations at Garbage Dump. Beaumont No. 2 Sampling Locations at Mix Station/Washout Area. Beaumont No. 1 • • . • • . • • . . . . . • . . . Sampling Locations at LPC Ballistics Area. Beaumont No. 1 Sampling Locations at Eastern Aerojet Area. Beaumont No. 1 • Sampling Locations at LPC Test Area East. Beaumont No. 1 • Sampling Locations at LPC Test Area West. Beaumont No. 1 • Sampling Locations at LSM Washout Area. Beaumont No. 1 •••••• Sampling Locations at Helicopter Test Area. Beaumont No. 1 • Sampling Locations at Western Aerojet Area. Beaumont No. 1 • Sampling Locations at Beaumont No. 2 North • • • • • • • Sampling Locations at Beaumont No. 2 South • • • • • • • • • • • • Potential Locations of Buried Radioactive Waste • • • • • • • • •

Example of On-Site Master Sample Log Radian Sample Label ••• Chain of Custody Form • • • • •

12-1 Corrective Action Flow Scheme . . . . . . . .

iii

1-2

1-5 1-6

2-2

4-3 4-14 4-20 4-25 4-30 4-31 4-35 4-37 4-38 4-42 4-56 4-57 4-58

4-59 4-60 4-61 4-62 4-63 4-64 4-65 4-66 4-67 4-68 4-69

5-2 5-3 5-5

12-2

RADIAN co•~o••TION

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Summary of Previous Investigations

Radian Corporation has conducted a preliminary assessment of past

activities at two former Lockheed test facilities near Beaumont. California

to identify potential sources of surface and subsurface contamination. The

sites. operated by Lockheed Propulsion Company (LPC) are located in a semiarid

region approximately 70 miles east of Los Angeles near the city of Beaumont.

as shown on Figure 1-1. Daninant vegetation consists of chaparral mixed with

lowgrowing sage brush and local stands of tall trees near creek beds.

The larger site. with approximately 9 .100 acres. is the Beaumont

No. 1 facility and was the site of the majority of testing activities. The

smaller facility. with 2.500 acres. is located approximately five miles to the

northwest of the larger site and is referred to as the Beaumont No. 2 site.

The two facilities were used for the processing. testing. and disposal of

solid rocket propellant. among other products. in the 1960s and early 1970s.

The facilities ceased active operation in 1974.

The Beaumont No. 1 site is located in a broad alluvial valley known

as the San Jacinto Nuevo Y Potrero. Potrero Creek bisects the site in a

northeast to southwest direction and is fed by local tributary drainage. It

flows into the San Jacinto River via Massacre Canyon at the southwest corner

of the site. Elevations range from 1.500 feet above mean sea level (MSL) near

the mouth of Massacre Canyon to about 3. 700 feet on the ridges near the

southern boundary of the site. The site is surrounded by rolling hills and

rugged mountains.

The Beaumont No. 2 site lies in a transition zone between the

western foothills of the San Jacinto Mountains to the southeast and an area

known as The Badlands to the northwest. Site elevations range from 2.500 feet

MSL at the northern boundary to 1.800 feet near the mouth of Laborde Canyon.

the principal drainage. to ·the south.

1-1 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk 110033

~ I

N

~ N

Beaumont No. 2 Site

No. 1 Site

Sant~ Catalina Island

0 10 20

Gulf of Santa Catalina Scale In Miies

S208

Figure 1-1. Location of Beaumont No. 1 and No. 2 Test Facilities.

:1 :11 :a ·-~·

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Prior to acquisition of these sites as testing facilities. the

predominant activity was ranching. Their use as a remote testing facility for

space and defense programs was initiated in the 1950's when purchased by the

Grand Central Rocket Company. Lockheed purchased the property in 1960 1 with

the Lockheed Propulsion Company (LPC) operating facilities at both sites. and

in Redlands, beginning in 1963.

The Beaumont No. 1 facility was used by LPC until 1974 for solid

propellant mixing and testing. ballistics testing. motor casing washout. and

incineration of waste propellant. The Beaumont No. 2 facility was used by LPC

during the same period. primarily for the assembly of rocket motors with some

rocket motor testing and propellant incineration.

A complete review of the historical activities at the two Lockheed

Beaumont sites is contained in the "Historical Report" prepared by Radian

Corporation (September 1986). The effort was a component of the preliminary

investigation of contamination that exists at the sites. Potential sources

were identified by reviewing Lockheed's files, conducting interviews and site

visits with past employees. and interpreting historical aerial photographs.

Based on this information, recommendations for further study were developed.

Principal areas of concern included the burn pits and the Permitted Sanitary

Landfill located at Beaumont No. 1, the Garbage Dump at Beaumont No. 2 and, to

a lesser extent, the Motor Washout areas and the LPC test area (Beaumont

No. 1). Also of concern is the reported burial of radioactive waste in a

canyon south of the Betatron Building at Site No. 1.

The follow-up Preliminary Remedial Investigation (Radian Corp ••

December 1986) addressed these issues through an initial sampling program

designed

work plan,

included:

to provide the information needed to

which is the subject of this report.

develop a comprehensive

The preliminary efforts

• A geophysical study to provide further information regarding

the lateral ·extent of contaminant source areas;

1-3 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN CORPORATIO•

• The sampling of ground water and-determination of water levels

at existing wells; the analytical results established the

presence of chlorinated hydrocarbon contamination in the upper

alluvial aquifer; and

• The formulation of a conceptual hydrogeologic model of the site

based on this investigation and four site-specific

hydrogeologic reports (Ransom. 1932. and Leighton and Associ-

ates 1983a. 1983b and 1984).

The results of the initial study indicates the presence of

chlorinated hydrocarbons in the alluvial aquifer at Beaumont No. 1 in a plume

extending to the west of the burn pit and propellant mixing areas. This

aquifer consists of the sandy alluvium filling the valley bottoms throughout

the center of the site. It is thought to be underlain by an impermeable

conglomerate. separating the alluvial aquifer from a second water-bearing

unit. the crystalline rock aquifer. This lower aquifer consists of fractured

portions of crystalline basement rock complex.

1.1-dichloroethylene (1.1-DCE). 1-1-dichloroethahe (1.1-DCA).

1. 1. !-trichloroethane ( 1. 1.1-TCA). and trichloroethylene (TCE) comprise the

major portion of the contaminants found at Beaumont No. 1. Low or trace

levels of chloroform. 1. 2-dichloroethane (1. 2-DCA). 1.1. 2. 2-tetrachloroethane

and tetra(per)chloroethylene (PCE) were also detected. In addition to

chlorinated hydrocarbons. 4-methyl phenol was found in a single well. OW-3.

Figure 1-2 presents the location of the existing monitoring well network and

the distribution of contaminants at the site. Ground-water gradients.

indicated on Figure 1-3. are based on water level information obtained during

the initial field work.

1-4 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk 110033

• ....

TCE 1, 1-i>CE

1.2-0CE

TCA

1, 1-i>CA

1.2--0CA.

Approximate Boundary of Alluvial Deposition

Intermittent Stream

Existing Roads

Lockheed Water Production W0

\

Leighton & AHociatea Obaerv

SOLVEPrr AC~) T rictOon>ethylene 1. 1-ilichloroethylene

2J

Trena-1.2-Olehloroethylene

T riehloroethane

1, 1-ilic:hloroethane 2C 1.2-iliehlOn>ethane 4-Methylphenol Phenol

NOTE: AH wa"'9• ar• •n A19/t-ppb.

• Ex.,_ OHS Action level•

SO Semi-Quan Uta tive

\ ....

\ . \····· ... ·\

~ .···-\-...... .

L __

:~Sanitary Landfill ) \ \ ..

~ ~~·····\·· ... .

\

·: ~ /.:·· W-5. ··• ... ~--

\ r-F/ "~.:~ i ... :: _)_,. .: ~) ;--····, / ~ : ·~···!/

,TIGATION iRATIONS 0

~ N

600

6caMt W1 feet

1200

• A

Approxima1e Boundary of Alluvial Deposition

tntennittent Stream

Existing Roads

Lockheed Water Production V.

Leighlon & Asaoci.olea Obaen\

Approxim81• Weier Level Con11) (FH1 - Mean S.a Level)

Direction of Gromd-waler Flow I

\ ······

\ . \····· ... ··~

( @oooo. \ ... ,, ·::·· ....... .

L __

:~San.~itary Landfill \ '2127.01·)1····.

\ : ") / :s.,. / ······:..:..._

'\ .... ,, ow-u. ) . \ !.··' ... :21•'8.93') . . ~)' .

~.- . \ \ .:~~"' l 0 600

Scale In F .. 1

1200

RADIAN co•.-o•aT10•

It has not been determined whether the major source of sol vent

contamination is from the burn pit, propellant mixing or SRAM washout areas

because of the lack of monitoring wells in optimum locations. All areas could

have experienced solvent disposal. The proposed work will attempt to

determine the actual source of contamination.

The geophysical investigation was conducted using terrain

conductivity. ground penetrating radar (GPR), and magnetic locating

techniques in four areas of the two Beaumont sites. These areas include the

burn pit, the location of the suspected radioactive waste burial. the

permitted sanitary landfill, and the garbage dump at Beaumont No. 2. The

results of this study has aided in determining the lateral limits of the burn

pits and waste disposal sites. Some information was also gained regarding the

alignment of individual trenches in the burn pits. Several anomalous areas in

two canyons were also identified by the GPR survey, thus identifying possible

locations for the burial sites of the low-level radioactive wastes.

1-7 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk #0033

RADIAN CORltORATIOll

Remedial Investigation Objective

The objective of the remedial investigation described in this

Quality Assurance Project Plan/Work Plan (QAPP) is to define the nature and

extent of plume and source contamination at the two Lockheed Beaumont sites,

and to ascertain the absence of contamination where none is suspected. This

investigation will produce the scientifically accurate and defensible data

which is necessary and sufficient to:

• Evaluate and implement remedial alternatives which will allow

for unrestricted use of the Beaumont No. 1 site: and

• Identify and mitigate any significant risks to biological

receptors at Beaumont No. 2, possibly implementing land use

restrictions for the site.

To facilitate this evaluation, the California Department of Health

Services (DHS) has suggested that the areas at the two Beaumont Facilities be

divided into three general groups as follows:

Group 1 - This group includes the majority of the land area at both

Lockheed test facilities. This land is relatively undisturbed,

consisting of open land, farmland, and gun ranges.

Group 2 - Areas where Lockheed operations and associated activities

took place are contained in this group. These include washout,

mixing and storage areas, areas close to buildings or other struc-

tures, and areas near test equipment and pads. Areas where hazard-

ous materials could have been used or disposed on the surface are

included in this group.

1-8 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk #0033

RADIAN co•~o••T•o•

Group 3 - This group includes areas where waste materials. including

hazardous wastes. were known to have been disposed or buried.

Included in this group are landfills. burn pits. and the burial site

reportedly used to dispose of radioactive wastes.

The objectives of this study will be accomplished through the

following activities. which are described in detail in Section 4 of this

document:

Soil-Vapor Surveys

Soil-vapor samples will be collected from shallow probes and

boreholes and analyzed for volatile organics in order to:

• Locate potential contaminant sources at the Group 3 areas (burn

pits. burial sites. and landfills):

• Document the presence or absence of contamination in the Group

1 and 2 areas by random sampling:

• Satisfy requirements of the Calderon Act: and

• Determine if there is a correlation between soil-vapor data and

the ground-water contaminant plume and aid in locating

ground-water monitoring wells.

Soil Sampling

Soil samples will be collected and analyzed for volatile and

semi-volatile organics by GC/MS and for metals in order to:

• Provide random surface sample data in the Group 1 areas. where

no contamination is suspected:

1-9 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN CORPORATIOll

• Provide specific surface and near-surface sample data in the

Group 2 areas where site operations occurred (i.e. washout and

beryllium storage areas);

• Verify suspected soil contamination. as determined by high

readings on field instruments or by visual observation by

taking selected samples from boreholes; and

• Determine the nature and extent of contamination by sampling

from trenches dug across the burn pits and landfill areas.

Ground Water

Ground-water monitoring wells will be installed in the shallow and

deep aquifers and water samples will be analyzed on site for purgeable

organics and metals. Samples with high contaminant levels. as determined by

field analysis. will be analyzed for volatile and semi-volatile organics by

GC/MS. If field results indicate that the ground-water plume has not been

sufficiently characterized by the proposed wells. then additional wells will

be installed as necessary at that time. This program will:

• More precisely determine the nature and extent (both lateral

and vertical) of ground-water contamination:

• Analyze water samples using a field laboratory in order to

obtain real-time information concerning the presence of contam-

ination in newly-drilled wells. This technique will allow the

more efficient location of additional wells. It will also

allow an iterative field study approach to be used while in the

field, thus eliminating the need to remobilize the field crew;

• Identify the extent, thickness, and effectiveness of the

confining layer separating the upper and lower aquifers:

1-10 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN CO•PO•ATIOM

• Determine the piezometric head and water quality in the lower

crystalline aquifer;

• Determine the confinement mechanism that causes artesian

conditions in the area of OW-2 (Beaumont No. 1. Figure 4-1);

• Define where and how the alluvial aquifer intersects the ground

surface resulting in natural discharge. further in the western

canyon; and

• Satisfy requirements of the Calderon Act.

Locate the Buried Radioactive Waste

The radioactive waste reportedly buried in one of four canyons at

the Beaumont No. 1 site will be located by removing and closely monitoring

soil from prioritized suspected burial locations until the waste is found and

can be sampled.

All data from the above activities will be available-in the field to

project officers and staff of the regulatory agencies. Agency personnel are

welcome and encouraged to observe and participate in the field activities and

decisions through the lead agency. DHS. Both Radian and Lockheed believe that

this participation is necessary in order to produce a field investigation that

is effective and complete.

1-11 Rev. 6/23/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN co•~O•ATIOll

2. 0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY

The Radian project team, as illustrated in Figure 2.1, consists of:

• Mr. Robert Vandervort, P.E. -- Program Manager, with ultimate

responsibility for the program, assuring that schedule and

budget commitments are met, and that the technical work

satisfies project goals.

• Mr. Christopher Koerner, P.E. -- Project Director, responsible

for providing technical direction and supervision of the

project, and for reporting the study results.

Task Leaders are responsible for all aspects of their respective

tasks, and report to the Project Director.

• Ms. Ann Fornes, Assistant Project Director and Task Leader for

data management;

• Mr. Doug Holsten, R.G., Task Leader for the hydrogeologic

investigation:

• Ms. Judith Billica, Task Leader for soil vapor and soil sam-

pling investigations;

The Radian peer review group provides independent project review and

reports directly to the Project Director.

• Mr. Robert Lawson, CIR, RSP, peer review for health and safety;

• Ms. Joy Rogalla, peer review for quality assurance: and

• Dr. Donald Bishop, R.G., leader of the peer review group.

2-1 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

N I

N

ROBERT VANDERVORT, P.E.

Project Manager

I ANN FORNES

Assistant Project Director/

Task Leader

Data Management,

Reporting

FRED REED KEN ASBURY

WILLIAM SULLIVAN Program Manager

Lockheed Corp. LEMSCo

CHRIS KOERNER, P.E.

Project Director I Peer Review

DONALD BISHOP, JOY ROGALLA Ph.D., A.G. Quality Assurance

Hydrogeology

I DOUG HOLSTEN, A.G. JUDITH BILLICA

Task Leader Task Leader

Hydrologic Investigation Soil Vapor and

Soll Sampling lnvtistigation

Figure 2-1. Organizational Chart.

I ROBERT LAWSON

C.l.H.,C.S.P. Health and Safety

;JJ :11 :a ·-!II :z

RADIAN co•Po••TIOll

Following completion of the draft report by Radian. a second level

of technical peer review will be performed by Lockheed Engineering and

Management Services Company (LEMSCO) under the direction of Ken Asbury.

Following the receipt of LEMSCO' s comments. Radian will prepare a final

document for agency submittal.

2-3 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN co•"'o••T•o•

3.0 QA OBJECTIVES FOR MEASUREMENT DATA IN TERMS OF PRECISION, ACCURACY,

COMPLETENESS, REPRESENTATIVENESS, AND COMPARABILITY

The purpose of Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) procedures

is to produce data of known high quality that meets or exceeds the require-

ments of standard analytical methods, and satisfies the program requirements.

The objective of the quality assurance efforts for this program are two-fold.

First, they will provide the mechanism for ongoing control and evaluation of

measurement data quality throughout the course of the project. Second,

quality control data will ultimately be used to define data quality for the

various measurement parameters in terms of precision and accuracy. Data

quality objectives for the various measurement parameters associated with site

characterization efforts are presented in Table 3-1.

Quality control limits for control sample analyses, acceptability

limits for replicate analyses, and response factor agreement criteria are

based upon precision, in terms of the coefficient of variation (CV), i.e., the

relative standard deviation or relative percent difference (RPD). The stan-

dard deviation of a sample set is calculated as:

S = standard deviation =J [f~=~l 2 \ where, x = individual measurement

x = mean value for the individual measurements n = number of measurements

The CV is then calculated as:

CV = (S/x) x 100%

3-1 Rev. 6/24/87 Disk //0033

TABLE 3-1. SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL METHODS PRECISION AND ACaJRACY OBJECTIVES

::a Confirmation :111 Reference Preparation Type of for Precision a

Parameter Method Process Analysis Identification Field Lab Accuracy b :a ·-Trace EPA 200.7 Digestion Inductively -- 20% 15% _:t50% ~= Elements (CLP Modified) by HN03 Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy (ICPES)

Purgeable EPA 601 Purge and Gas chromatography/ Second- 20% 15% Per method Halocarbons Trap Hall column QC acceptance

Electroconductivity Confirmation criteria Detector (HECD)

(HECD)

Organochlorine EPA 608 Methylene Gas Chromatography/ -- 20% 15% Per Method Pesticides 8080 (Soil) Chloride Electron Capture QC acceptance

and PCB's Extraction criteria

w Purge able EPA 624 Purge and Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectral 20% 15% Per method I Organic 8240 (Soil) Trap Mass Spectroscopy Confirmation QC acceptance

N Priority (CLP Modified) criteria

Pollutants

Base/Neutrals EPA 625 Methylene Gas Chromatography/ Hass Spectral 20% 15% Per method and Acid 8270 (Soil) Chloride Mass Spectroscopy Confirmation QC acceptance

Extract ables (CLP Hodif ied) Extraction criteria

: Percent difference for replicate analyses in the range of approximately 5 times the detection limit. Determined using method QC acceptance criteria for matrix spikes.

RADIAN co•PO•ATIOll

These CV limits are estimates of the magnitude of uncertainty

inherent in the analytical metals. and are used to screen analytical results;

data that fall outside the limits are qualified as uncertain. and are not used

in quantitative data analysis or interpretation. In the case of unacceptable

control samples. analytical results for associated samples are qualified. The

actual uncertainty in the acceptable data will be characterized in terms of

accuracy. precision and bias (formulas presented in Section 8.0). and this

uncertainty will be incorporated into the data analysis and interpretation.

It should be noted that in terms of impact upon the program

objectives. data quality is not equally important for all measurements.

Measurements using real-time portable analyzers. for instance. are in most

cases used only to provide relative concentration measurements or monitor the

working environment as part of the safety program.

absolute accuracy is of little consequence.

In these applications.

Data representativeness is a function of sampling strategy and is

discussed in the appropriate sampling plans. Data comparability will be

achieved by using standard units of measure as specified in the methods. The

objective for data capture for all measurement parameters will be 90 percent.

where completeness is defined as the percentage of valid or acceptable data in

total tests conducted.

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RADIAN co• .. o•ATION

4.0 SAMPLE COLLECTION PROTOCOL

This section describes. in detail. the strategy and procedures for

soil-vapor. soil. and ground-water sampling activities. For each component of

this study. a strategy has been developed to minimize effort and costs and to

maximize the value of the data generated. This sampling effort has been

planned for optimum efficiency. taking into account the historical background

of the facilities (Radian Corp.. September 1986). and information obtained

from the existing monitoring well network and geophysical studies (Radian

Corp •• December 1986).

In general. the sampling strategy involves using the soil-vapor

investigation technique as a screening tool to perform an initial study at

each area. The locations of both soil samples and monitoring wells will. in

part. be dependent on the results of the soil-vapor studies.

The soil-vapor and soil sampling requirements for Groups 1. 2. and 3

are summarized below. Based on the results of the soil-vapor screening.

composite and/ or discrete soil samples will be collected from each probe

location within the area. Composite soil samples will provide a more repre-

sentative characterization of an area. at a lower cost. and will document the

presence or absence of contamination. The fact that soil samples are compos-

ites and. in effect. may dilute any contamination that is present. will be

taken into account during reporting of the results.

Group 3 Areas

- A soil-vapor survey will be conducted around the perimeter of the

burn pits. the sanitary landfill. and the garbage dump. and will be

extended to define the limits of any detected plume (see Fig-

ures 4-11 through 4-13 at the end of this section).

4-1 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN CORPORATION

- A trench will be dug across each area and soil/waste samples will

be collected.

Group 2 Areas

- One soil-vapor sample will be collected from each major site

within the areas where former activities took place. General areas

of investigation are shown on Figure 4-1. The specific sites,

contained within each area, are indicated on Figures 4-14 through

4-23, and can be found at the end of this section.

- Soil sampling for Group 2 areas will involve both surface and

subsurface sampling.

- If the soil vapor samples taken from the individual sites within a

given area indicate no or low contamination levels, then one compos-

ite surface and one composite subsurface soil sample will be col-

lected and submitted for analysis. These soil samples will consist

of a subsample from each of the sites where a soil-vapor probe was

located.

- If any of the soil-vapor samples taken from the individual sites

within a given area indicate contaminant levels that are measurably

above background, then further soil-vapor samples will be obtained

to locate the area of highest contamination. A discrete surface and

subsurface soil sample will be collected from the site of highest

contamination. In addition, one surface and one subsurface compos-

ite soil sample will be collected, consisting of subsamples from the

other soil-vapor sampling locations.

4-2 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk #0033

Figure 4-1. Bea

1200

Scale In Feet I

RADIAN CORIOORATIO•

Group 1 Areas

- The sampling strategy for the Group 1 areas is the same as that

for the Group 2 areas, except that no subsurface sampling is

planned.

Tables 4-1 and 4-L list all of the areas and the group designation

for both of the Beaumont sites, and outline the areas where samples will be

taken. The number of samples listed in the tables is approximate. The actual

number may vary as the field investigation continues. The table corresponds

to the individual area maps which are presented as Figures 4-14 through 4-23

located at the end of this section. More detailed discussion of the sampling

strategy and procedures is contained in the following subsections.

The intent of the ground-water investigation is to determine the

nature and extent of any contaminated ground water and to determine the

sources of that contamination. The preliminary remedial investigation per-

formed by Radian Corporation at the Beaumont Test Facilities (December 1986)

provides the rationale for the approximate location of each of the 22 proposed

monitoring wells. The data gathered during the soil-vapor investigation will

be used to refine the locations of these wells, if a correlation between

soil-vapor and known ground-water contaminant concentrations can be estab-

lished, based on information from the existing monitoring well network.

Additionally, the information provided by the ground-water investi-

gation will better define the characteristics of the aquifers underlying the

Beaumont sites and assist in the evaluation of hydrogeologic conditions.

The following discussion represents the initial plan of operation.

Modification of these plans may be necessary as the results of the field

effort are reviewed. All data will be available to the regulatory agency

project officers, and their participation in the decision-making process,

coordinated through the Department of Health Services (OHS), is welcomed.

4-4 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

+="" I

\JI

TABLE 4-1.

Area

Burn Pit

Mix Station/ Washout Area

LPC ballistics Test Area

Eastern Aerojet Area

LPC Test Services Area-East

Group

3

2

2

1

2

SUMMARY OF PROPOSED SAMPLING ACTIVITIES AT BEAUMONT NO. 1

Soil-Vapor

Perimeter Testing

Fuel Slurry Mix Station Cast Station Washout Area Blue Motor

Gun Mount Storage Building Class A Storage TNT Area Test Area Impact Area

Disturbed Trench Gun Placement Target Area Storage Revetments Avanti Motor Storage

Betatron Bone Yard Conditioning Oven Storage Magazine Small Motor Assembly

Soil Sampling Proposed Number of Samples

Surface Sub-surface (Composite) (Composite)

1 1

1 1

1

1 1

Trench

2 Trenches 5 Samples

(Continued)

;~ :11 :a ·-~·

.i:--1

°'

Area

LPC test services Area--West

LSM Washout Area

Helicopter Test Area

Permitted Landfill

Western Aerojet Area

Group

2

2

1

2

1

TABLE 4-1 (Continued)

Soil-Vapor

Conditioning Chambers EBES Facilities Facilities Storage Test Bay Igniter Magazine

Near Concrete Pad

Near Former Gun Mount

Perimeter Testing

Test Area South End North End

Soil Sampling Proposed Number of Samples

Surface Sub-surface (Composite) (Composite)

1

1 (Including soil from

wash)

1

1

1

1 (Including soil from

wash)

Trench

1 Trench 2 Samples

:;111 :11 :a ·-!II :z

~ I .....,

Area

Garbage Dump

Beaumont No. 2 North

Beaumont No. 2 South

TABLE 4-2.

Group

3

2

2

SUMMARY OF PROPOSED SAMPLING ACTIVITIES AT BEAUMONT NO. 2

Soil-Vapor

Perimeter Testing

Assembly Building Centrifuge West Test Bay Middle Test Bay East Test Bay

Conditioning Chamber - N Conditioning Chamber - S Propellant Burn Area West Storage Area East Storage Area

Surface (Composite)

1

1

Soil Sampling

Sub-surface (Composite)

1

1

Trench

1 Trench 2 Samples

::a :11 :a ·-~=

RADIAN COR~ORATIOll

4.1 Soil-Vapor Investigation

Sampling of the vadose zone soil vapor will be conducted at the

former Lock.heed test facilities as part of the remedial investigation effort.

Real time sample results. obtained through the use of a mobile laboratory.

will allow the analysis of data in the field. and the continual evaluation and

modification of the sampling strategy outlined in this section. Samples will

be analyzed in the mobile laboratory for trichloroethylene. 1-1-1-trichloro-

ethane. tetrachloroethylene. 1-1-dichloroethylene. 1-1-dichloroethane. 1-2-di-

chloroethane. benzene. toluene. and xylenes. with detection limits in the

part-per-billion range. The halogenated compounds include the contaminants

previously identified as being present in the ground water. In addition.

evacuated stainless steel canister samples will be collected and analyzed in

Radian's EPA-certified laboratory to validate the field soil-vapor analysis.

The soil-vapor study has been designed to:

• Locate sources and assess the general extent of contamination

at Group 3 areas. especially the burn pits and landfill sites;

• Document the presence or absence of contamination in randomly-

selected areas of the Group 1 and 2 sites;

• Provide guidance for determining the optimum locations of

ground-water monitoring wells based on the mapping of possible

soil-vapor contamination;

• Determine if there is a correlation between ground-water and

soil-vapor chlorinated hydrocarbon contamination; and

4-8 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN CORPORATIOll

• Satisfy the intent of the Calderoh Bill (Health and Safety Code

Section 41805 .• 5. AB3374, 1986), which requires testing at solid

waste disposal sites, by determining if there is any under-

ground landfill gas within, or migrating beyond, the perimeter

of the sites.

The results of the soil-vapor sampling will be used, in conjunction

with ground-water sampling data, soil sampling results, and information

obtained by physical excavations, to delineate the nature and extent of

contamination at the two Lockheed Beaumont facilities.

Soil-Vapor Sampling Strategy

The soil-vapor sampling strategy for each group of sites is summa-

rized below.

Group 3 Sampling. A shallow-depth, soil-vapor investigation will be

conducted in Group 3 areas (where hazardous wastes were known to have been

disposed) at Beaumont Sites No. 1 and No. 2. The locations include the burn

pit area, the permitted sanitary landfill (Beaumont No. 1) 1 and the garbage

dump (Beaumont No. 2). The information resulting from this effort will help

establish the areal extent of contamination, in conjunction with data from the

ground-water and soil sampling activities. Also, the soil-vapor information

will assist in defining the locations of new monitoring wells.

A two-step approach will be used to select soil probe locations at

each of the Group 3 investigation areas. The initial probes at each site will

be located at intervals of approximately 200 feet along the perimeter of the

sites. Maps indicating approximate perimeters, based on the previous geophys-

ical study, and sample locations are included in Figures 4-11, 4-12, and 4-13,

for the burn pits, the permitted sanitary landfill, and the garbage dump,

respectively. The results of the first phase of analysis will be plotted on a

base map, and preliminary contour mapping of shallow contaminant concentra-

tions in the vapor phase will be conducted using on-site computers.

4-9 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

RADIAN co•1tO•ATIOM

Following the initial appraisal of soil-vapor contamination, addi-

tional· probes will be installed, if necessary. to give more thorough defini-

tion to areas where information is incomplete, If no contamination is detect-

ed, then the investigation for the particular area will be concluded, If

contamination is discovered and ground-water monitoring wells are installed.

soil-vapor data from deeper levels will be obtained in conjunction with the

drilling activity.

Group 1 and 2 Sampling. Soil-vapor sampling will be conducted in

Group 1 areas where there has been relatively little disturbance. and Group 2

areas, where past Lockheed activities included the use of hazardous materials.

The intent of soil-vapor sampling is to screen for the presence or absence of

contaminants at "worst case" locations within each area. Soil-vapor sampling

will also provide information to allow decisions concerning the collection of

discrete or composite samples in the soil sampling activity as discussed

Section 4.3. The locations for soil-vapor and soil sampling in Group 1 and 2

areas was determined by reviewing aerial photography and historical informa-

tion for each area. A single soil-vapor sample will be collected at locations

where major area activities occurred during site operation. Tentative sample

locations for each area are shown in Figures 4-14 through 4-23. If no contam-

ination is detected. the soil-vapor study of that area will be concluded. If

contamination is found. additional sampling will be initiated in order to

determine the source.

Correlation of Soil-Vapor and Ground-Water Contamination. The

results of the "Preliminary Remedial Investigation" (Radian Corp •• December

1986) identified contamination in several wells that are part of the existing

well network. At the Beaumont No. 1 facility, Wells W-2. W-3. OW-2. and OW-3

indicated halocarbon contamination. The only well sampled at the Beaumont No.

2 facility. Well W2-3, also contained halocarbon contamination.

4-10 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033


In order to ascertain the reliability of sampling with shallow

soil-vapor probes using the soil-vapor technique, one soil probe will be

installed at a distance of 20 feet from each existing contaminated well. The

20-foot distance will avoid pulling contaminated air samples from the cavities

surrounding the well casing. Any correlation of halocarbon concentration

between the ground-water and the soil-vapor will be determined.

The soil-vapor sampling technique will be used in conjunction with

monitoring well installation, provided that adequate correlation between

ground-water and soil-vapor contaminant concentrations exists. One soil probe

will be installed at a well location prior to well installation. As the well

is drilled, soil-vapor probes will be advanced ahead of the auger bit, with

samples collected approximately every 20 feet until the water table is encoun-

tered. This sampling will be performed only with the hollow-stem auger (RSA)

rig.

The results will be used to develop a 3-dimensional matrix of

soil-vapor data through the use of Radian 1 s contour plotting system. The

system uses mathematical algorithms for interpolation and limited extrapola-

tion of data to determine isopleths. Unbiased, objective evaluations of data

distribution are generated. The results of this analysis should offer more

information regarding the extent of contamination and aid in optimizing the

locations of other monitoring wells. In addition, geologic cross sections,

gradient maps and flow nets will be developed in conjunction with the

monitoring well program.

Soil-Vapor Sampling - Theory of Operation. Volatile organic pollu-

tants evaporate from a contaminant source, or from contaminated ground water,

into the surrounding soil vapor and move through the soil by molecular diffu-

sion. The tendency of volatile organic pollutants to escape into the soil

vapor is a function of their concentration at the source, their aqueous

solubility, and their vapor pressure (boiling point). The soil-vapor sampling

technology is most effective in mapping low molecular weight halogenated

4-11 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

RADIAN co•~o••T1011

chemicals which readily partition out of the ground water and into the soil

vapor due to their high gas/liquid partitioning coefficients. Halocarbons.

which are not easily degraded in the soil. tend to establish a relatively

predictable concentration gradient that is highest at the source. or contami-

nated water table surface. and drops off to essentially zero at the ground

surface.

Ideally. the concentration of the contaminant at any given depth in

the soil vapor is a function of its concentration at the source. or in the

ground water. In practice. the concentration gradient in the soil vapor may

be distorted by hydrologic and geologic variables such as impermeable materi-

als. perched water. or depth to water. However. diffusion of contaminants

will generally occur around geologic and hydrologic barriers unless they are

laterally extensive compared to the area of contamination. The principal

parameters that enhance diffusive movement of volatile contaminants are high

soil permeability and low soil moisture. Diffusion occurs most easily through

sand and gravel-type mediums. which exist at the Beaumont sites.

Tracer Research Corporation (TRC) will provide a mobile field

laboratory consisting of a van equipped with two Varian 3300. gas chromato-

graphs. The equipment will be operated by a chemist and hydrogeologist. under

the supervision of the Radian Task Leader for soil-vapor investigation.

Samples of the soil-vapor are collected from the vadose zone through a steel

probe. The specialized hydraulic mechanism. consisting of two cylinders and a

set of clamping jaws. will be used to push and withdraw the sampling probes by

transferring the weight of the vehicle onto the probe. The probes are 7-foot

lengths of 3/4-inch diameter steel pipe fitted with detachable drive points.

A percussion hammer can be used to assist in driving probes through cobbles or

through unusually hard soil. The van will have two built-in gasoline-powered

generators that provide the electrical power (110 volts AC) to operate all of

the field equipment.

4-12 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

RADIAN COR .. ORATIO•

Soil-Vapor Sampling. After the probe has been driven to its maximum

depth (five to six feet below the land surface). it is retracted until gas

flows freely in response to the vacuum applied to the top of the pipe. A

vacuum gauge is used to monitor the negative pressure in the evacuation line.

to ensure that there is no impedence to gas flow caused by clayey or water-

saturated soils. Under normal soil conditions (i.e.. homogeneous. with a

porosity of 0.2 to 0.3). air is pulled from the soil at a rate of five to six

liters per minute. A negative pressure (vacuum)

mercury usually indicates that a reliable gas

greater than 15 inches of

sample cannot be obtained

because of a clogged probe or because the soil has a very low permeability.

If a point must be resampled. the new probe is located at least 20 feet from

the old probe hole. This prevents atmospheric air from being drawn down the

old hole and up the new one. possibly diluting the new sample.

The above-ground ends of sampling probes are fitted with a steel

reducer and a length of silicone tubing leading to a vacuum pump. During the

evacuation of soil-vapor. samples will be collected by inserting a syringe

needle through the silicone tubing and down into the steel probe (Figure 4-2).

Ten milliliters of gas will be collected for immediate analysis in

the field van. Soil-vapor will be subsampled (duplicate injections) in

volumes ranging from 1 u1 to 2ml. depending on the voe concentration present at the sample location. The reproducibility of soil-vapor samples from the

same probe has been determined to be usually better than 20 percent and always

within a factor of two. This sampling error is well within the limits re-

quired to accurately map voe concentrations in the vadose zone.

Prior to sampling. syringes are purged with nitrogen carrier gas and

checked for contamination by injection into the gas chromatograph. System

blanks will be run periodically to confirm that there is no contamination in

the probes. adaptors. or 10-ml syringes. Analytical instruments will be

continuously checked for calibration by the use of chemical standards prepared

in water from reagent grade chemicals.

4-13 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN CORPORATION

10 CC GLASS SYRINGE

HOSE CLAMP

SILICONE RU88ER TUBE

1/4 IN. TUBING

5-7FT.

'-SILICONE RUBBER TUBE CONNECTION TO VACUUM PUMP

AOAPTER FOR SAMPLING SOIL-GAS PROB

-CLEAR TUSING SLEEVE CONNECTOR (0!SPOSA8L£)

SOIL-GAS FLOW OUR/NG SAMPLING

+---3/4 IN. GALVANIZEO PIPE

Figure 4-2. Soil - Vapor Probe.

4-14

RADIAN COR~ORATIOll

The sample is injected directly into the instrument without the use

of purge and trap or preconcentrating techniques. Using the TRC analytical

method (patent pending). a typical measurement for most of the purgeable

priority pollutants requires approximately five minutes. The gas chromato-

graph will be set up for analysis on both packed and capillary columns. It

will be equipped with:

• An electron capture detector (ECD) for measurement of halogen-

ated compounds; and

• A flame ionization detector (FID) for all hydrocarbons --

methane. gasoline components. as well as total hydrocarbon

measurement.

The instrument will also be equipped with a Hewlett-Packard dual channel

integrator. Thus. both detectors can be used simultaneously.

Halocarbon and hydrocarbon compounds detected in soil-vapor are

identified by chromatographic retention time. Quantification of compound

concentrations is achieved by comparing the detector response to the sample

with the response measured for calibration standards (external standardiza-

tion). For halogenated species. quantification in the part-per-billion range

is usually achieved.

Instrument calibration checks will be run periodically throughout

the day. System blanks will be frequently run to check for contamination in

the soil-vapor sampling equipment. Ambient air samples will also be routinely

analyzed to check for background levels in the atmosphere. To avoid possible

contamination from engine exhaust. any vehicles or generators will be located

downwind from the sampling location. This practice will also be followed for

soil and ground-water sampling. No smoking will be permitted during sampling.

4-15 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk ff0033

RADIAN CO•PO•ATIO•

Documentation of Real-Time Data. A nombering system for soil-vapor

samples will be established prior to sampling and will remain consistent

throughout each phase of the investigation. Because chemical analyses are to

be performed on site. conventional chain-of-custody protocols will be unneces-

sary. The probe location number and syringe number will be entered directly

into a field laboratory log book as each sample is taken. The numbers will

also be written on each chromatogram and verified by the TRC analytical field

chemist. The chemist will be responsible for checking and interpreting each

day's chromatograms. The TRC field hydrogeologist will be responsible for

entering the date. time. location. number of sampling points and soil condi-

tions into a field log book. Calculations of contaminant concentrations for

each probe location will be compiled on data sheets by the chemist and checked

by the hydrogeologist. The appropriate standard and response factors used for

calculations will be recorded on the same sheet as the sample data. Field

data sheets will contain all the information needed to access the original

chromatograms and to check every aspect of the calculations.

Equipment Decontamination.

decontaminated as outlined below:

Reusable sampling equipment will be

• Steel probes will be used only once during the day and then

washed with a high pressure. soapy. hot water spray and rinsed

to eliminate the possibility of cross-contamination;

• Probe adaptors (steel reducer and tubing) will be used once

during the course of the day and cleaned at the end of each

working day by baking in the GC oven. The tubing will be

replaced as needed during the job to ensure cleanliness and

good fit:

• Silicone tubing (connecting the adaptors to the vacuum pump)

will be replaced as needed to ensure proper sealing around the

syringe needle. This tubing will not directly contact soil-

vapor samples;

4-16 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

RADIAN COR .. ORATIOll

• Glass syringes are to be used ·for only one sample per day

before washing and baking at night; and

• Septa, through which soil-vapor samples are to be injected into

the chromatograph, will be replaced on a daily basis to prevent

possible gas leaks from the chromatographic column.

Site Restoration. Each probe hole created during this investigation

will be filled to the surface with native soil. the site will be marked with

a wooden stake driven through surveyors tape, flush to the surface. The

assigned probe number will be marked in permanent ink on the stake.

Soil-Vapor Sampling with Evacuated Canisters. Two evacuated stain-

less steel canisters will be used for collecting soil-vapor phase samples for

laboratory quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) analysis. The samples

will be shipped to the Radian Analytical Laboratory in Sacramento for detailed

speciation using the gas chromatography/multiple detector (GC/MD) analytical

techniques. The protocol for this analytical methodology is described in more

detail in Section 7 of this plan.

Before sampling, each canister will be cleaned, evacuated, and the

absolute pressure recorded in the laboratory. The canisters will be connected

to the sampling probe using stainless steel connectors. Stainless-steel

filters will be used to prevent entrainment of particulate material in the gas

samples. Vacuum flow regulators will be used to provide a constant sampling

flow over the sampling period.

After sample collection is completed, the canister input valves will

be closed and the canisters disconnected from sample lines. All canister

valves will be tightened and stem nuts sealed with Swagelok• plugs before

transportation to the laboratory.

4-17 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk fi0033

RADIAN CORl"ORATIOM

4.2 Ground-Water Investigation

The existing well network at the Beaumont test facilities will be

expanded by the installation of approximately 22 new monitoring wells. The

drilling and subsequent monitoring of water levels in the wells will provide a

more detailed characterization of the hydro geology at the project site. The

effort has been designed to:

• More precisely determine the nature and extent (both lateral

and vertical) of ground-water contamination:

• Analyze water samples using a field laboratory in order to

obtain real-time information concerning the presence of contam-

ination in newly-drilled wells:

• Identify vertical and horizontal hydraulic gradients and

ground-water flow direction and velocity:

• Characterize the geologic materials which form the upper and

lower aquifers:

• Identify the extent, thickness, and effectiveness of the

~ c~~layer separating the upper and lower aquifers: f.J (·I r, •

• Determine the piezometric head and the water quality in the

lower crystalline aquifer:

• Determine the mechanism of confinement resulting in artesian

conditions in the area of OW-2: ) ,) / - ~ ' . J ~ .I I J ) •

,.-- dr .. J t ~

• Determine where and how_,, the alluvial aquifer intersects the

ground surface resulting in natural discharge further in the

western canyon:

4-18 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033


• Determine the water quality in th.e pond; and

• Satisfy requirements of the Calderon Act.

Well Locations. Fifteen monitoring wells (11 shallow. 3 medium, and

1 deep) are proposed for Beaumont No. 1, as shown in Figure 4-3 and described

in Table 4-3. The location and depths of these wells incorporate all comments

sul::mitted by the Regional Water Quality Control Board regarding the conceptual

work plan. Thirteen of the proposed wells have been placed in order to more

precisely define the horizontal and vertical extent of the contaminant plume

identified in the preliminary remedial investigation. The remaining two wells

are designed to determine if there is contamination associated with the

Beaumont No. 1 sanitary landfill. The proposed locations of the 15 monitoring

wells are approximate and subject to change as information is obtained during

the soil-vapor investigation and from the field analysis of ground-water

samples.

Two areas have been identified as potential sources of the ground

water contamination found to exist in the upper alluvial aquifer at the

Beaumont No. 1 site: the burn pit area and the SRAM motor washout/propellant

mix area. The burn pit area was used to dispose of hazardous waste materials

by incineration. Operations at the washout/mix area included the processing

of propellants and removing solid propellant £ran motor casings by a process

known as "motor washout." Solvents may have been used or disposed of in both

areas. A more detailed discussion of activities can be found in the ''Histori-

cal Report" (Radian Corp •• September 1986).

Prior to drilling. soil vapor sampling will be performed at each

area in order to determine the location of contaminant sources. Additionally,

soil vapor samples will be taken in the vicinity (approximately 20 feet away)

of existing wells where the ground water has been previously found to be

contaminated. This information will help to establish if there is a correla-

tion between the soil vapor data and the contaminant plume in the ground

water.

4-19 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk #0033

~

• ... --

Aopro••m•I• Boundary of Alluv1•I Oeoos..hon

ln1erm1ttent Stream

E a1attnQ Ro.01

Lockheed Water ProducttOft WeH

le1ohton & Aaaoc .. 1e1 ObMl'Vatton Wei

Proposed Monitoring Well

::1··. ·· .. ·· .. ·.\\ ~ i I

I

.. ·.) / ·· . ·· ..

:: .···· ······-·· .... : ·············· .. ·.

······

:ew-s 40w-•

···· ..•.

...

...

...

· ....

.· · .... ··::·

:·

. :

.. ..

.... .=

·.· .·· .•···

.··· .. . · .············

\--1

.·····:.: . ...

\ ~-\

\ \

\

) I I I

'

L __

,--1 ".:: .. ~·· ... .... : .. .

··.\::·.· ............. · ... :~·~1. ... ······· .... ·· ····· ............... "\

... ···. . .

... ·

_j .················ / ... · / .·· : .. . . I :........ :'..··.)--.........._

··... I .. - ·.. . .. ....... : c·····... . . ..-: ~ /······......... .) !"..,

' · .. 1::· .-. .... · ... ~--

I )

/

:¢-MW-15

\~anitaty Landtill .

~ "'- ('.--._ ~ I w-t; "' ,/.............. . MW . ~ // '\ / •

\ \ \--._j-J~\~::__,;( ~-- . ..... ·: ........ : ·-:~.

4-20

·····

·\·o~w-r.." ·" : ····· .. · : .·· . . . .

: '·~ ·. . OW}f"'): :· .. -···-

; ~

. . . . ": \ . .... ...

·· .. · ..

·····."· .. ·........ ... ) ........ ·~ ..... ····· : .... ·. ··. ·.. ... ··w-~1 . ·. ·. . iog A; ····· .... ·.) ·····.·\., -~ ow-~/ '·. i '' ' ~ ·············0._ . . ·. ' . • '··· ' • . ..• ····--...,_ . ' I . . •, . . . . ~ ·~- ."- '\ . . ··.. ... '--- \.. '---· ..... ····· '· ~- ! ..

.. .. .. >· \. !\ =---··\ : . . .. . .\ . . .

W

. aiho~t A

Proposed Monitoring Approximate Well Total Depth

MW-1 20 ft. below water table

MW-2 Bottom of upper aquifer

MW-3 Lower aquifer



~ I MW-6 Bottom of upper aquifer N .~


MW-8 Bottom of upper aquifer








TABLE 4-3. BEAUMONT NO. 1 PROPOSED MONITORING WELLS

Approximate Location

200-300 ft down-gradient of burn pit area

"

" Up-gradient of SRAM washout area

Centered between OW-2. OW-3. and W-3

" North of Bedsprings Creek

South of Bedsprings Creek

South of OW-2 and W-2

East of burn pit area

North of W-3

Mouth of Aerojet Canyon

Mouth of Aerojet Canyon

Down-gradient of sanitary landfill

Up-gradient of sanitary landfill

Rationale

Determine contamination adjacent to burn pit area: Determine vertical gradients.

" II

Determine contamination up-gradient of SRAM washout area.

Determine contamination down-gradient of SRAM washout area.

" Define southern boundary of plume.

Define southern boundary of plume.

Define southern boundary of plume.

Define eastern boundary of plume.

Define northern boundary of plume.



Determine impacts from sanitary landfill.

Proposed if MW-14 is contaminated.

:1

ii ·-ii

RADIAN CO•"'O•ATIO•

During drilling with the hollow stem· auger rig. soil vapor probes

will be advanced ahead of the auger bit and soil vapor samples will be col-

lected every 20 feet down to the water table. This information will aid in

developing a three-dimensional matrix of soil vapor data. provide more infor-

mation on the extent of contamination. and assist in locating additional

monitoring wells.

Additionally. the mobile laboratory associated with the soil vapor

investigation will be used to obtain real time values of contaminants in the

ground water at part-per-billion levels. This information is extremely

valuable since it eliminates the lengthy wait to receive data from the labora-

tory. and allows a more complete definition of the contaminant plumes in one

field study. Essentially. the mobile laboratory allows an iterative investi-

gation to be conducted. This field analysis does not replace the need to

perform detailed EPA Method analyses at a certified laboratory. but is a tool

to allow decisions to be made in the field that are based on real data.

A more detailed discussion of the soil vapor technique can be found

in Section 4.1.

Proposed wells MW-1. MW-2. MW-3. and MW-4 are located between the

burn pit area and the SRAM motor washout/propellant mix area. Monitoring

wells 5 and 6 are located downgradient of the propellant mix area. Approxi-

mate ground water contours have been developed based on a previous ground-

water study (Leighton & Associates. 1983a. 1983b. and 1984) and further

confirmed by the preliminary sampling of the existing monitoring well network

by Radian Corporation (Preliminary Remedial Investigation. December 1986).

The ground-water gradient of the alluvial aquifer is quite steep and follows

the surface topography. Based on this information. wells MW-1. MW-4. and

MW-5. installed to a depth of 20 feet below the water table. would allow the

relative contributions to contamination of each source to be established.

MW-2 will be drilled to the bottom of the alluvial aquifer and will provide

information concerning the vertical hydraulic gradients within this aquifer.

4-22 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN co•"'•••TIOll

It will also indicate whether contaminants are vertically distributed

throughout the thickness of the alluvial aquifer. Wells Krl-1 and Krl-2 will be

drilled first. KJ-3 will be drilled adjacent to Krl-1 and Krl-2, into the lower

confined aquifer. This will allow assessment of vertical gradients and define

the extent of the confining layer between the alluvial and bedrock aquifers.

Krl-6 will be drilled to the bottom of the alluvial aquifer and will be located

adjacent to KV-5, providing information comparable to that of Krl-2.

Proposed wells Krl-7 through KV-13 were selected, in conjunction with

the existing monitoring well network, to determine the northern and southern

extent of any contaminant plume and to confirm ground-water flow patterns.

K-1-7, KV-8, and KV-9 will help define the southern extent of contamination

while Krl-11, Krl-12, and Krl-13 will help define the northern extent. KV-10

will be drilled east of the burn pit area to assess the extent of contamina-

tion to the east. Existing well W-2 currently defines the western extent of

the plume, based on previous sampling results. This well will be sampled

again in conjunction with the current effort. These wells, with the exception

of KV-8, will be installed 20 feet below the depth at which water is encoun-

tered. Krl-8 will be drilled to the bottom of the alluvial aquifer, to support

the findings associated with proposed wells Krl-2 and Krl-6. In addition, a

water sample taken from the pond adjacent to OW-2 will be analyzed.

If these wells fail to sufficiently determine the lateral and

vertical extent of the plume, based on field analytical data, then additional

wells will be installed until adequate data has been obtained. Decisions

regarding the need for and locations of additional wells must be made in the

field. However, Radian will solicit the advice and concurrence of regulatory

personnel through DHS.

4-23 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN COR .. ORATIOll

In association with the soil-vapor sampling. two wells are proposed

near the sanitary landfill. which is located in a narrow canyon. Proposed

well KJ-14 is downgradient of the landfill. If contamination is indicated by

the field analysis. KJ-15 will be drilled upgradient of the sanitary landfill.

Both wells will be installed 20 feet below the depth at which water is encoun-

tered.

Beaumont No. 2 Well Locations

Seven monitoring wells are proposed for Beaumont No. 2. as shown in

Figure 4-4 and summarized in Table 4-4. Four of the proposed wells are

designed to assess impacts associated with the garbage disposal site. The

remaining three wells are intended to determine the source of contamination

found in W2-3 during the preliminary investigation.

Although limited data is available concerning the ground-water

gradient at this site. a review of the geology and hydrogeology of the area

indicates that the gradient follows the surface topography. This assumption

is a basis for the discussion in this section. If this assumption proves to

be untrue based upon the analysis of data from the proposed wells. then

additional wells will be installed as required.

Proposed monitoring well KJ2-1 is located upgradient of the garbage

disposal site. whereas wells MW2-2 0 KJ2-3 0 and KJ2-4 are located downgradient.

MW2-4 is in the vicinity of an old well (W2-1) which Radian could not locate.

Wells MW2-1 0 MW2-2. and MW2-3 will be drilled to 20 feet below water table.

MW2-4 will be drilled to the bottom of the alluvial aquifer. The exact

locations of the four monitoring wells will be determined in conjunction with

the soil-vapor investigation to be conducted at the dump.

Proposed monitoring well MW2-5 will be drilled upgradient of well

W2-3. found to be contaminated during the preliminary investigation. If MW2-5

is also found to be contaminated. KJ2-6 and KJ2-7 will be drilled in order to

define the source and limit,s of contamination.

4-24 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

~. -.,---,,-. -~--. ..~ . ··' . . . -~· ·~ .·. . . ... . .

.• ... -·

4-25

Figure 4-4.

LEGEND -¢- Proposed Well • Well

Proposed Monitoring \..Tell Lo cat ions of Beaumont No. 2.

0 200 400 - -

Scale In Feet 8 11 O?.BB

.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-

;::.. I

N 0'

Proposed Monitoring Well

HW2-l

HW2-2

HW2-3

HW2-4

HW2-5

HW2-6

HW2-7

Approximate Total Depth

20 ft. below water table



Bottom of upper aquifer




TABLE 4-4. BEAUMONT NO. 2 PROPOSED MONITORING WELLS

Approximate Location

Upgradient of garbage disposal site.

Downgradient of garbage disposal site.



Downgradient of test bays and Building 250.

South of Building 250.

North of Building 250.

Rationale

Establish ground-water quality upgradient of the garbage disposal site.

Determine impacts associated with garbage disposal site.



Determine source of contamination found in W2-3.

Determine source of contamination found in W2-3; to be drilled if contaminants are found at HW2-5.

To be drilled if contaminants are found at HW2-6: define northern extent of contamination.

:;a

~I ·-~·

RADIAN co•.-o••T•o•

Drilling

No drilling permits are required by the Riverside County Department

of Health.

All shallow wells (less than 90 feet BLS) will be drilled with a

Mobile B-61 hollow-stem auger (HSA), capable of drilling through unconsolidat-

ed sediments. Two HSA rigs will be used to complete this investigation in a

more efficient manner. The inside diameter of the hollow-stem auger will be

at least 6-1/4 inches so that sand, bentonite, and grout can be easily tremied

into place around the monitoring well casing.

The medium depth wells (90 to 170 feet BLS) will be drilled with an

air rotary drill rig with casing drive through alluvial materials which may

include cobbles and boulders. Wells will be drilled and constructed to depths

of up to 100 feet below the water table; therefore, "heaving" conditions are

expected. The air rotary with casing drive method is a normal rotary method

with compressed air employed as the drilling fluid. In order to allO"W for

return of representative cuttings, prevent bore-hole collapse during drilling.

and restrict or eliminate vertical movement of ground water within the bore-

hole. temporary threaded steel drive casing will be advanced as the bit is

advanced. The use of casing drive preserves the integrity of the borehole and

prevents possible cross-contamination of aquifer sub-units during drilling.

The air-rotary method yields continuous geologic samples and allows for

construction of wells that are easily developed (i.e., no drilling muds to

clog the formation). As with the hollO"W-stem auger method. the inside diame-

ter of the casing will be such that sand, bentonite1 and grout can be easily

tremied into place.

4-27 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 110033

RADIAN co•1tO•ATIOR

The deep well (approximately 300 feet tieep) will be drilled with the

same air rotary drill rig !Ii th casing drive. The rig will be equipped to

drill with a tricone bit and/or downhole hammer as required. The air rota-

ry/casing drive method will be used to penetrate the upper aquifer. The

casing will be driven into the confining layer which separates the two aqui-

fers. sealing the upper aquifer and preventing cross contamination of the

water-bearing zones. The drilling will then proceed through the confining

layer and into the fractured granite where the well will be completed. If

water from the upper aquifer is found to leak into the borehole at the cas-

ing/confining layer junction. then a cement plug will be installed at the

bottom of the steel casing and allowed to harden before drilling proceeds.

Regardless of the drilling method used. the borehole for each well

will be at least 5 inches larger than the outside diameter of the well casing.

In the shallow wells. undisturbed formation samples will be recov-

ered with a split-spoon (every five feet) or continuous soil core barrel for

logging purposes. The medium and deep wells. drilled with the air rotary rig.

will be logged by examining cuttings from the cyclone. Every effort will be

made to capture and log the fine material.

All split-spoon samples will be recovered in accordance with the

Standard Penetration Test (SPT) procedures. Blow counts will be recorded for

each six-inch interval the sampler is advanced. Representative samples of the

formation will be stored for future reference. A photoionization detector

(PID) will be used to scan air coming from the borehole for organic vapors.

Additionally. samples will be recovered at regular depth intervals

not to exceed five feet and scanned with an OVA or PID. Drill cuttings will

not be containerized unless the PID screening indicates contamination. If

unusual soil conditions are observed. another split spoon with stainless steel

sleeves will be driven. in order to obtain a relatively undisturbed sample for

laboratory analysis.

4-28 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk #0033

RADIAN COR~ORATIO•

The Radian geologist will be responsible for documenting drilling

activities in addition to classifying and logging the subsurface materials.

Information to be provided in the lithologic and well construction logs (see

Figures 4-5 and 4-6) includes:

• Reference elevation for all depth measurements;

• Depth of each change of stratum;

• Thickness of each stratum;

• Identification of the material that comprises each stratum

according to the Unified Soil Classification System or standard

rock nomenclature. as necessary. Identification will also

include a description of grain-size. angularity. GSA color. and

fining sequence;

• Depth interval from which each formation sample was taken;

• Depth at which ground water is first encountered;

• Total depth of completed well;

• Depth or location of any loss of tools or equipment;

• Location of any fractures. joints. faults. cavities or weath-

ered zones;

• Nominal diameter of borings;

• Depth of any grouting or sealing;

4-29 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk /10033

RADIAN Sh Ht of C--a-ne. Log of Drtlllng Operations

Project Bonng or Well No. Beginninn and end L.ocatton of drilling operation L.og Recorded By Sampling Interval (Estimated) (ft)

Type Drill Rig and Operator

=- 0 .! c: 0 .! c: .::: §~ -- ·Q.~ !. Q. ~ a.- Q. .. OE~ e~ ~:. E~ z ce a1 >Cll al Q Ill c: c en i- i- en i-

en -

-.... --- -- -

- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ......,. - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- -- -

RADIAN CORPORATIOM

Well No.

WELL COMPLETION LOG

Project Name:

Project Number:

Log Recorded By

Completion Date

Page 1 of 2 Well No.

~~~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~~~

Drilling Method ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

·Borehole Diameter Borehole Depth ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~

Materials:

Casing Diameter/Type ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Screen Diameter/Type/Slot Size

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sand/Gravel ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Intervals: (

Screen Interval ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Casing interval ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sand/Gravel Pack Interval

Bentonite Seal 1nterval

Grout Interval

Type of Surf ace Completion

NOTES:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Figure 4-6. Well Completion Log

Rev. 8/86

4-31

RADIAN CORPORATIOll

As-Built Schematic:

Figure 4-6.

WELL COMPLETION LOG

(Continued)

Figure 4-6. Continued

4-32

Page 2 of 2 Well No.

Rev. 8/86

RADIAN co•~O•ATION

• Amount. type. and manufacturer of all materials used in well

construction;.

• Depth and type of well casing;

• Description (to include length. location. diameter. slot sizes.

material. and manufacturer) of well screens;

• Method of well development;

• Static water level upon completion of the well and after

development;

• Drilling date or dates; and

• Reason for terminating drilling.

The termination depth (TD) of each well will be determined by the

Radian Geologist. Identification of a favorable screen interval in the

planned depth range of the well will be the primary factor for selecting the

TD. Favorable conditions for a screen interval include:

• Presence of groundwater;

• High hydraulic conductivity (i.e •• "clean" sand); and

• Adequate penetration into the saturated zone.

Well Construction

All monitoring wells are to be four inches inside diameter (I. D.)

and constructed with Schedule 40 polyvinyl chloride (PVC) water well casing

from the top of the screen to approximately 1-1/2 feet above the ground

4-33 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk #0033

RADIAN co•~O•ATIO•

surface. Twenty foot-long. four-inch I. D.. continuous O. 020 slot. PVC well

screens will be used. All screens will have a sealed PVC end cap. All screen

and casing will be flush-joint threaded. and no adhesives will be used.

At the completion of drilling. the borehole will be sounded to

verify depth. Before the installation of the screen and casing. a water

sample will be collected and analyzed for volatile organic compounds in an

on-site mobile laboratory. The screen and casing will be received. cleaned.

and individually packaged by the manufacturer and verified by inspection. If

the supervising field geologist believes additional cleaning is warranted. the

screen and casing will be steam cleaned by the drill crew to the satisfaction

of the supervising field geologist.

Once screen and casing has been placed. the well will be checked for

proper alignment. Centralizers will be used. as required. in the non-hollow

stem boreholes. The drilling subcontractor is responsible for checking well

alignment by passing a "dt.mmy" pump (measuring 3.75 x 36 inches) through the

casing to the bottom of the well. Failure of the dummy pump to pass through

the well casing will require the drilling subcontractor to take the necessary

action to correct the problem. Each screen is to be packed in clean. fresh

water-washed. Monterey Sand (8x16 mesh). The sand pack will extend at least

one foot above the screened interval. After the sand pack has been placed.

the annular borehole space immediately above the sand pack and around the

casing will be backfilled with one foot of "bridge sand" which is to consist

of 30 mesh Monterey Sand. A two-foot thick bentonite (pellets) seal will be

placed above the bridge end. A cement/bentonite grout will then be poured or

tremied (if below water) to the ground surface. The grout mixture will

consist of "9-sack" Type I Portland cement mixed with powdered bentonite. The

bentonite content of the grout will be approximately three percent by dry

weight. Well alignment will be checked again at the end of grout placement.

A diagram showing subsurface completion is included in Figure 4-7.

4-34 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk //0033

RADIAN CORPORATIOM

CONCRETE PAO

GROUND SURFACE

T 1

r HINGELESS LOCKING I STEEL CAP

c;;==~ ::.,-- STEEL SECURITY CASING

llL__::lll"t-- THREADED CAP

CEMENT GROUT

~- BENTONITE SEAL SAND BRIDGE

CLEAN SILICA SANO GRAVEL PACK

Figure 4-7. Monitoring Well Completion.

4-35

RADIAN co•PO••T•O•

All well-head completions will be above ground. Approximately 1-1/2

feet of well casing will be left above the ground surface. A PVC screw-joint

cap will be placed on top of the casing. Steel security casing equipped with

a hingeless locking lid and like-keyed No. 3 Master padlock will be installed

over the well casing. The security casing will be constructed from 6-inch

diameter steel pipe and have a minimum total length of 3 feet. The finished

height of the steel casing will be approximately 1-1/2 feet above the ground

surface. A 2-foot square, 4-inch thick, concrete slab will be constructed at

the base of the above-ground completions and slope away from the security

casing. There will be two 1/4 inch holes in the protective steel casing wall

above the concrete base to allow any accumulated water to escape. The well

number will be stenciled on the outside of the protective casing and on the

well casing cap. A diagram showing the surface completion is included in

Figure 4-8.

After the completion of each well, the Radian Geologist will see

that the drilling subcontractor restores the well site to as near its original

condition as possible. Drill cutting will be spread and leveled.

The drilling rig and tools will be decontaminated after each bore-

hole. At a minimum, drill bits, rods, and casings will be steam cleaned after

each monitoring well is installed.

Well Development

All wells will be developed to recover fine-grained sediment from

the sand pack and surrounding formation, and maximize the well yield. A

Radian geologist will supervise the development activities and determine when

the well has been adequately developed. Development information will be

recorded on a form similar to Figure 4-9.

4-36 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk #0033

RADIAN COR .. ORATIO•

1 8"

18"

1

WELL CASING

..... 0 . I .

;- HINGELESS LOCKING STEEL CAP f _ COPEN)

I

s• PROTECTIVE STEEL CASING

GROUND

'----------. ... •· SURFACE

L CONCRETE PAD 2' X 2' SQUARE

o.

. . . a ..

0 ·O

Figure 4-8. Monitoring Well Surface Completion.

4-37

RADIAN co•-••T•o•

Boring or Well No.

Location

Construction Schematic

(ft). --- • - .? i _,_ 0

a ,_ ,, c • - i ~ - Ci

,_ ;:: "' "i _,_ &. ~ ,_ ~ • ... - '; 0 - .. .... ~ • ~ • -- I ; - . c: - 3 ~ - u .. • ,, -:; _,_ ... • ,, - .! " c: - • ..

- 'c .2 .. - ~ "' -- .5 Q. - 5 ...

- c .2 .. - 8 . - 'i - c: • . " ·= u= -- . ~ ci .a - .5 ~ A • - -~ 0 • - E : 0 ..: = 5 - .8 .. ~Ci -- ~~ c: -,_ -. :!2 &. - S E &. 0 .... ,_ ... . =a • c: E o ,_ ... &. -u< • -- c: c 0 !ii! - .. ,_ - . \j ,,

- ~ a' c-8 a -

-

Sheet __ of

Well Completion Log: Sheet 212

Project

Log Recorded By

Corresponding Tape#

Static level of water before (ft)• and - ----

after (fW development

Development started Development ended

Quantity of water discharged during development (ft3).

Type, size/capacity of pump or bailer used for development

Depth of open hole inside well Before development (fW After development (fW

Development Record

Clarity and Odor Lithology and 2 1,2

Grain Size of CondUC· . Time Color of of Ph Remarks Discharge Discharge Removed tlvlty Sediment

-

- -1. UH EPA 120.1-Metnodl tor Chemical Ana1y111 or EQu1valent. 2. Meaeurements to De taken Defore, alter, and on :lO minute int8t"lal1 during development. . IE.xpreu In feel and tenth• of fffl)

Figure 4-9. Well Completion Log

"' ,.. "' M ., "'

RADIAN C0•1tO•ATIO•

Well development will be accomplished by bailing. surging. and

pumping with an electric submersible pump. The development routine will

include:

1) Bailing to remove sediment and drill cuttings from inside the

casing and well screen.

2) Surging with a vented surge block (swabbing tool with a flap

valve) to induce flC7ii7 across the screen opening. This will

break down bridging or arching of fine-grained material and

help bring it into the screen for removal.

3) Repeat Steps 1 and 2 until the well produces little or no

fine-grained material.

4) Place submersible pump just above the screen. Pump at increas-

ingly higher discharge rates. not moving to next pumping rate

until the discharge is free of sediment. The pump used will be

capable of discharging 20 gpm at 100 feet of lift.

The geologist supervising well development will keep accurate

records regarding turbidity of the discharge. bailer trips. time spent bail-

ing. surging. and pumping. etc. All of the wells will be developed for a

minimum of four hours of combined bailing. surging. and pumping time.

If field analytical results indicate contamination. the development

water will be sprayed onto the ground in a fine stream (using a nozzle). This

technique. esnntially a form of air stripping. should effectively "treat" the

development water. It is expected that the main contaminants. simple chlori-

nated hydrocarbons. are present in rather low concentrations and will be

readily volatized in the hot summer air. The use of a nozzle will maximize

the surface area of the water exposed to the air. resulting in more complete

volatilization of the organic compounds. Additionally. halogenated organics

are susceptible to photo decomposition when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

4-39 Rev. 6/26/87 Disk 1100

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