Hypothalamic Astrocytoma: Hyperphagia Syndrome & Accompanying Issues
Rachel Wevrick, PhD · Understanding Neural Circuits Stuber and colleagues: Visualizing...
Transcript of Rachel Wevrick, PhD · Understanding Neural Circuits Stuber and colleagues: Visualizing...
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Research Update From Biomedical Research to
Preclinical Models to Clinical Trials
Rachel Wevrick, PhD Department of Medical Genetics
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“Investments and Opportunities”
For more specific information on FPWR research and clinical trials, go to www.fpwr.org/prader-willi-syndrome-research/research-webinars/
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EXECUTIVE TEAM
SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD
& ADVOCATE REVIEWERS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
AFFILIATES AND
PARTNERS
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EXECUTIVE TEAM
SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD
& ADVOCATE REVIEWERS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
AFFILIATES AND
PARTNERS
FUNDRAISERS DONATIONS
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EXECUTIVE TEAM
SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD
& ADVOCATE REVIEWERS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
AFFILIATES AND
PARTNERS
FUNDRAISERS DONATIONS
REQUESTS FOR FUNDING
FUNDED RESEARCH
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Strategic Programs 1: Program for PWS gene activation research 2: Program for PWS gene research 3: Program for appetite and obesity research 4: Program for mental health research 5: Program for therapeutics in PWS 6: Investments for the future
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1) PWS gene activation
Can PWS genes be re-activated?
Approach: Five FPWR projects underway to investigate various methods to reactivate the maternal, silent gene copy that is still present in children with PWS.
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2) Function of PWS genes
What do PWS genes normally do in the brain? Approach: Four FPWR projects and one contracted program underway to study the role of MAGEL2 in autism, oxytocin function, leptin responses. A MAGEL2-deficient rat is being developed for improved pharmacologic and behaviour testing.
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Posters from the Wevrick Laboratory
• Herman Cortes: MAGEL2 in autism networks Funded by PWSA-Alberta and the Simons Foundation
• Igor Pravdivyi: MAGEL2 in the transition to hyperphagia
Funded by FPWR
• Chloe Luck: MAGEL2 in reward-based eating • Dila Kamaludin: MAGEL2 in the hypothalamus and in muscle • Vanessa Carias: MAGEL2 in protein degradation
• Methsala Wijesuriya: MAGEL2 in leptin receptor function
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3) Appetite and obesity
Why do children switch from apparently having little appetite and ‘failure to thrive’ to having an overwhelming drive to eat in
late childhood/adulthood?
Approach: Six funded projects and three clinical trials underway to understand why the weight gain starts and how to correct excessive hunger
fetus
failure to thrive reduced energy use increased fat storage increased appetite severe hyperphagia neonate toddler child adolescent adult
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Understanding Neural Circuits
Stuber and colleagues: Visualizing hypothalamic network dynamics for appetitive and consummatory behaviors. Cell 2015 Used advanced technologies to delineate neural networks controlling food intake in normal mice; currently applying technique to PWS mice.
Bouret and colleagues. Neonatal ghrelin programs development of hypothalamic feeding circuits. J Clin Invest. 2015. Examined the consequences of high levels of ghrelin on feeding circuits in the brain.
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The Foundation for Prader-Willi Research - First Scientific Conference Date: September 25th, 2015
“Neurobiology of PWS”
before the Annual FPWR Conference September 25-27, 2015
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Using iPS cells to model hypothalamic changes
Rudy Leibel and colleagues: Differentiation of hypothalamic-like neurons from human pluripotent stem cells. J Clin Invest. 2015 First demonstration that iPS cells can
differentiate into hypothalamic neurons in vitro – this will allow study of appetite-controlling neurons from individuals with PWS. Opens new avenues for the identification of novel targets for therapy
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4) Mental health
How can we understand more about the neurobiology of mental illness, identify early markers, and reduce family stress?
Approach: Seven funded projects and the FPWR Mental Health Workshop.
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PWS Mental Health Research Strategy Workshop
Two day workshop brought together ~45 international experts in mental health to prioritize research questions
Key questions and recommendations
• Fully apply a range of technologies and model systems to understand the underpinnings of behavior and mental illness in PWS.
• Better characterize the prodromal phase of psychosis in PWS to identify those at highest risk. Develop a prevention trial.
• Adapt state of the art behavioral interventions to PWS, evaluate efficacy. • Develop appropriate endpoints for assessing the efficacy of behavioral
and pharmacological interventions.
Bethesda, MD March 1-3, 2015
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5) PWS Therapeutics
Can drugs in development or in use be beneficial in PWS?
• FPWR PWS Therapeutics Group • Global PWS Registry • PWS Clinical Trials Program
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6) Facilitate new research
What are the underlying mechanism by which disruption of PWS genes leads to the characteristics of PWS?
• Fund basic science research projects to feed the pipeline
• Develop long-term resources
• Invite new and non-PWS researchers to participate in grant reviews, conferences, and pilot studies.
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5) PWS Therapeutics
Can drugs in development or in use be beneficial in PWS?
• FPWR PWS Therapeutics Group • Global PWS Registry • PWS Clinical Trials Program
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Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
Reactivation
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Mental Health
Gene therapy
Hormones
Drugs
Devices and surgeries
Diets
Psychiatric medications
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Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
RM-493 (Rhythm, Miller)
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy
Beloranib (Zafgen, Miller)
DCCR diazoxide (Essentialis, Kimonis)
Oxytocin (muliple)
Diabetes / obesity medications
Endocannabinoid (Tam, Piomelli)
Carbetocin FE992097 (Ferring)
AZP531 (Alize)
$$
$$
$$
$$
FPWR
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Macronutrient and other diets
Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy
Transcranial Direct Cranial Stimulation (Butler)
Vagal Nerve Stimulation (Holland)
Deep Brain Stimulation (Brazil)
Gastric Bypass Surgery (Italy/Saudi Arabia)
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
$$
$$ $$
FPWR
$$
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Modafinil
Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy
N-acetylcysteine
Psychiatric medications
FPWR
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Testosterone/Estrogen/Progesterone/Lupron
Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy
Anastrozole (France)
Growth hormone
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
$$
$$
$$
$$ $$
$$
$$
FPWR
$$
$$
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Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
Reactivation
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
FPWR
$$
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Testosterone/Estrogen/Progesterone/Lupron
Macronutrient (Haqq) / other diets
Modafinil
Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
RM-493 (Rhythm, Miller)
Reactivation
Prader-Willi Syndrome Therapeutics Pipeline
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy
Beloranib (Zafgen, Miller)
N-acetylcysteine
DCCR diazoxide (Essentialis, Kimonis)
Oxytocin (muliple)
Transcranial Direct Cranial Stimulation (Butler)
Vagal Nerve Stimulation (Holland)
Diabetes / obesity medications
Endocannabinoid (Tam, Piomelli)
Anastrozole (France)
Deep Brain Stimulation (Brazil)
Gastric Bypass Surgery (Italy/Saudi Arabia)
Growth hormone
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
Carbetocin FE992097 (Ferring)
AZP531 (Alize)
Psychiatric medications
$$
$$
$$
$$ $$
$$
$$
FPWR
$$
$$
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Testosterone/Estrogen/Progesterone/Lupron
Macronutrient (Haqq) / other diets
Modafinil
Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
Therapeutics previously approved but not specifically tested in PWS
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
N-acetylcysteine
Oxytocin (muliple)
Transcranial Direct Cranial Stimulation (Butler)
Vagal Nerve Stimulation (Holland)
Exenatide / Liraglutide: GLP-1 agonist
Anastrozole (France)
Deep Brain Stimulation (Brazil)
Gastric Bypass Surgery (Italy/Saudi Arabia)
Growth hormone
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
Psychiatric medications
Contrave: naltrexone / bupropion (Orexigen) Octreotide: Somatostatin
Belviq: lorcaserin (Vivus)
Qsymia: phentermine / topiramate (Arena)
Meridia: sibutramine (Abbott, withdrawn) Diazoxide
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Discovery Preclinical Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Available Proof of concept Animal testing Human safety Safety/Efficacy Definitive trial
RM-493 (Rhythm, Miller)
Reactivation
Prader-Willi Syndrome Novel Therapeutics
Growth Muscle Bone
Puberty
Fat mass Appetite Behavior
Drugs
Devices Surgeries
Diets
Mental Health
Gene therapy
Beloranib (Zafgen, Miller)
DCCR diazoxide (Essentialis, Kimonis)
Endocannabinoid (Tam, Piomelli)
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
Carbetocin FE992097 (Ferring)
AZP531 (Alize)
$$
$$
$$
FPWR
Reactivation
Reactivation
$$ $$ $$
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FEED the PWS Pipeline
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
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FEED the PWS Pipeline 1. Identify Appropriate Targets
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
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FEED the PWS Pipeline
2. Identify and Overcome Barriers to Progress
1. Identify Appropriate Targets
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
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FEED the PWS Pipeline
3. Register, Recruit, Comply and Report
2. Identify and Overcome Barriers to Progress
1. Identify Appropriate Targets
www.fpwr.org/pws-clinical-trials/
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Identify and overcome barriers to progress
• Feed the research pipeline • Enlist experts from other medical and research
fields • Facilitate clinical trials
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Investments and Opportunities
Continued investment in:
1. Centers of Excellence, Program Research, Investigator initiated research, and Research Tools
2. Workshops, Research Days, and Working Groups 3. Communication with parents and clinicians for involvement in
FPWR and for recruitment into clinical studies and trials 4. Management of the PWS Clinical Trials Program at FPWR
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What can you do???
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What can you do??? ü Tell anyone who will listen about PWS!
ü Commit to eliminating the challenges of Prader-Willi syndrome through the advancement of research!
ü Come to a conference!
ü Take One Small Step!
ü Join the Global PWS Registry!
ü Consider enrolling in a clinical study!
ü Become an advocate reviewer!
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