R I O H s - Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Index of Habitat Health
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R I O Hs - Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Index of Habitat Health
Joel D. Lusk and Cyndie AbeytaU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Bosque Hydrology Group Water Quality Summit Meeting
October 25, 2004
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Water Quality & the Silvery Minnow
Water Quality – is the ecological quality of the Rio Grande necessary for the silvery minnow to survive:
Chemical Factors
Flow Regime
Biotic Factors
Physical Habitat
Energy Sources
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Integrity of Silvery Minnow Habitat
CHEMICALVARIABLES
BIOTICFACTORS
ENERGYSOURCE
HABITATSTRUCTURE
FLOWREGIME
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Chemical Factors of RGSM Habitat
OxygenOxygen
pHpH
NutrientsNutrients
SedimentQuality
SedimentQuality
Tissue Quality
Tissue Quality
OrganicsOrganics
TemperatureTemperature
Chemical Factors
Chemical Factors
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Flow Regime of RGSM Habitat
High &Lows
High &Lows
Ground Waterinputs
Ground Waterinputs
DroughtDrought
Land Use
Land Use
Snowmelt& Runoff
Snowmelt& Runoff
VelocityVelocity
Flow Regime
Flow Regime
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Biotic Factors of RGSM Habitat
DiseaseDisease
FeedingFeeding
PredatorsPredators
ReproductionReproduction
ParasitesParasites
DeformitiesDeformities
Biotic Factors
Biotic Factors
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Physical Features of RGSM Habitat
SubstrateSubstrate
Channel morphology
Channel morphology
Riparian Vegetation
Riparian Vegetation
Instream Cover
Instream Cover
SinuositySinuosity
Meso-habitat
Meso-habitat
DepthDepth
PhysicalHabitat
PhysicalHabitat
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Chemical Factors of RGSM Habitat
Primary Productivity
Primary Productivity
Seasonal Cycles
Seasonal Cycles
Organic Matter Inputs
Organic Matter Inputs
SunlightSunlightWater Clarity
Water Clarity
TurbulenceTurbulence
NutrientsNutrients
Energy Sources
Energy Sources
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Integrity of Silvery Minnow Habitat
CHEMICALVARIABLES
BIOTICFACTORS
ENERGYSOURCE
HABITATSTRUCTURE
FLOWREGIME
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Integrated Water Quality Study
Our Water Quality Assessment worked with Fishery Resources, Water Resources, and others to measure these qualities of the Middle Rio Grande in 2002-03.
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RIOHs - Ranking Chemical Quality
Compare measured chemicals to:Water quality criteria
Sediment quality criteria
Tissue quality criteria
Regional nutrient guidelines
Temperature regimes
Dissolved oxygen regimes
Provide rank to all comparisons5 = good, none exceed of criteria
3 = fair, few exceed of criteria
1 = poor, many exceed criteria
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RIOHs - Ranking Physical QualityRiverscape Quality
Riparian WidthRiver WidthWidth to Depth RatioShoreline Complexity Index
Silvery minnow habitat quality
Depths < 20 cmVelocity < 30 cm/secNonfluvial Mesohabitats (pools, etc.)
Provide “5-3-1” ranks to all comparisons
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RIOHs - Ranking Biological Quality
Fish Health AssessmentCondition Factor
Normality Index
Severity Index
Feeding Index
Fish Community MetricsPresence of silvery minnow
Number of native fish species
Energy SourcesGross Primary Productivity
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RIOHs – 4 Site Chemical Example
Criteria & (Rank)
Barelas WWTP Los Lunas BdANWR
> Acute ___(5) ___(5) ___(5) ___(5)
> Chronic ___(5) COD (3) BOD,COD (1) ___(5)
DO < 3 mg/L 5.6 (5) 2.2 (1) 3.1 (3) 6.2 (5)
Temp > 30 C 29.9 (5) 29.2 (5) 35.0 (1) 30.9 (3)
> Nutrients ___(5) NO4 (3) NO3,NO4 (1) NO4 (3)
> Sediment ___(5) PAHs (3) PAHs,OCs (1) ___(5)
> Tissue ___(5) OCs, Hg, Se, Zn (1)
OCs, Al, Hg, Se, Zn (1)
Cr (3)
Index of Chemical Quality
35 21 13 29
Score 100 % 60 % 37 % 83 %
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RIOHs – 4 Site Physical ExampleCriteria & (Rank)
Barelas WWTP Los Lunas BdANWR
Riparian (ft) 1533 (3) 384 (1) 1928 (3) 5495 (5)
River Width(ft) 441 (5) 24 (1) 504 (5) 177 (3)
Riparian/River 3.4 (1) 16 (3) 3.8 (1) 32 (5)
Depth/Width 0.3 (3) 5.0 (1) 0.2 (5) 0.5 (3)
Shoreline 1.03 (3) 1.00 (1) 1.03 (3) 1.16 (5)
Depth <20 cm 51% (5) 28% (1) 45% (3) 51% (5)
Velocity < 30cm/s
37% (3) 43% (3) 59% (5) 56% (5)
Index of Physical Quality
23 11 25 31
Score 65 % 31 % 71 % 89 %
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RIOHs – 4 Site Biological Example
Criteria & (Rank)
Barelas WWTP Los Lunas BdANWR
Condition 0.84 (3) 0.87 (3) 0.91 (5) 0.71 (1)
Fat Reserves 0.87 (5) 0.99 (5) 0.72 (3) 0.12 (1)
Feeding Index 67.8 (5) 68.9 (5) 63.8 (3) 47.4 (1)
Severity Index 9.17 (3) 11.25 (1) 5.74 (5) 11.06 (1)
RGSM ? 1 (1) 0 (1) 4 (5) 2 (3)
CPUE 0.4 (1) 0.2 (1) 9.5 (5) 3.4 (3)
# Predators 82 (1) 12 (5) 29 (3) 16 (5)
IndexofBiological Quality
19 21 29 15
Score 54 % 60 % 83 % 43 %
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RIOHs –Example Results of 4 Sites
Criteria & (Rank)
Barelas WWTP Los Lunas BdANWR
Index of Chemical Quality
35 21 13 29
Index of Physical Quality
23 11 25 31
Index of Biological Quality
19 21 29 15
RIOHs 77 53 65 75
Score 73 % 50 % 63 % 71%
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RIOHs Impact Analysis – Percent and Type of Impairment
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Chemical
Physical
Biological
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RIOHs – Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Index of Habitat Health
RIOHs is an index to assess the ecological integrity of silvery minnow habitat
RIOHs integrates landscape, habitat, fish health, productivity, and chemical factors – Can be expanded! (algae?).
RIOHs identifies impaired sites and prioritizes how to restore them
RIOHs = can help link Science, Management, and Outreach for Recovery.