quizlet DSST PS
-
Upload
jnmramirez -
Category
Documents
-
view
227 -
download
0
Transcript of quizlet DSST PS
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
1/12
ethnocentrism the tendency of any nation, race, religion or group to believe that its way of
looking at and doing things is right and that other perspectives have less value.
stereotypes generalized pictures of a race, gender or group that supposedly represent its
essential characteristics.
source the originator of a message
encoder the speaker's voice
message the words, nonverbal cues, and presentation aids that convey the speaker's ideas,
motives and feelings toward a subject.
channel air or medium through which the message flows.
receiver the audience; those for whom the message is intended and in anticipation of
whom the message is shaped.
decoder process by which the listener determines the meaning of the speaker's message
noise sometimes called interference, this can indicate a range of problems from physical
noise such as distracting sounds in the room to psychological noise (stereotypes,
distractions, cultural barriers, etc.) in listeners that can distort or even block the
reception of the message.
feedback speaker's perception of how audience members react to the message both during
and after its presentationsetting physical and psychological context in which a speech is presented
identification the feeling of closeness between speakers and listeners that may overcome
personal and cultural differences, the feeling of sharing or closeness that can
develop between speakers and listeners
responsible
knowledge
an understanding of the major features, issues, information, latest developments
and local applications relevant to a topic
quoting out of
context
an unethical use of quotation that changes or distorts the original speaker's
meaning or intent by not including parts of the quote
plagiarism presenting the ideas and words of others without crediting them as sources
communication
anxiety
the range of unpleasant sensations and fears you may experience before or during
a presentationanticipatory
anxiety
the fear of public speaking that occurs before the actual presentation of a speech
anxiety sensitivity the tendency to label weak symptoms of anxiety as fear and then to over-respond
to them
perfectionism believing that you must be perfect to be effective
presentation
anxiety
the fear reactions that occur during the presentation of a speech
selective
relaxation
the technique of tightening and relaxing muscles on command, used to help
reduce communication anxiety
communication
orientation
looking at public speaking as an interactive communication event rather than as a
performance
cognitive
restructuring
the process of replacing negative thoughts with positive, constructive ones
visualization the process of systematically picturing oneself succeeding as a speaker and
practicing a speech with that image in mind
skills training developing speaking abilities that help speakers control communication
apprehension
dialogue having the characters in a narrative speak for themselves, rather than paraphrasing
what they say
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
2/12
transitions connecting elements used in transitions
extemporaneous
presentation
a form of presentation in which a speech, although carefully prepared and
practiced, is not written out or memorized
key-word outline an abbreviated version of a formal outline that may be used in presenting a speech
ethos those characteristics that make a speaker appear honest, credible, powerful and
appealing
competence the perception of a speaker as being informed, intelligent and well-prepared
integrity the quality of being ethical, honest and dependable
goodwill the dimension of ethos by which listeners perceive a speaker as having their best
interests at heart
dynamism the perception of a speaker as confident, decisive and enthusiastic
self-awareness
inventory
a series of questions that a speaker can ask to develop an approach to a speech of
introduction
hearing an automatic, involuntary process in which sound waves stimulate nerve impulses
to the brain
discriminative
listening
phase of listening in which we detect sounds of spoken communication
comprehensivelistening
phase of listening in which we focus on, understand and interpret spokenmessages
empathic listening phase of listening in which we suspend judgment, allow speakers to be heard, and
try to see things from their points of view
appreciative
listening
phase of listening in which we enjoy the beauty of messages, responding to such
factors as the simplicity, balance and the eloquence of language.
critical listening listening with careful analysis and evaluation of message content
constructive
listening
search for the value that messages may have for your life, despite their defects
receiver
apprehension
fear of misinterpreting, inadequately processing and/or not being able to adjust
psychologically to messages sent by others
trigger words words that arouse such powerful feelings that they may interfere with the abilityto listen critically and constructively
filtering listening to only part of a message, the part the listener wants to hear
assimilation the tendency of listeners to interpret the positions of a speaker with whom they
agree as closer to their own views than they actually are
contrast effect seeing positions different than yours as being more distant than they actually are
facts information that can be verified by observation or expert testimony
inferences assumptions based on incomplete information
opinions expressions of personal attitude or belief offered without supporting material
demagogues political speakers who try to inflame feelings without regard to the accuracy or
inadequacy of their claims in order to promote their own agendas
critique an evaluation of a speech that emphasizes strengths as well as weaknesses and
that focuses on how a speaker might improve
audience
demographics
observable characteristics of listeners, including age, gender, educational level,
group affiliations, and sociocultural backgrounds
audience
dynamics
the motivations, attitudes, beliefs and values that influence the behavior of
listeners
attitudes feelings we have developed toward specific kinds of subjects
beliefs what we know or think we know about subjects
values the moral principles that suggest how we should behave or what we should see as
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
3/12
an ideal state of being
sexism allowing gender stereotypes to control interactions with members of the opposite
sex
gender
stereotyping
generalizations based on oversimplified or outmoded assumptions about gender
roles
sexist language making gender references in situations in which the gender is unknown or
irrelevant, or using masculine nouns or pronouns when the intended reference is
to both sexes
symbolic racism an indirect form of racism that employs ode words and subtle, unspoken contrast
to suggest that one race is superior to another
preliminary
tuning effect
the effect of previous speeches or other situational factors in predisposing an
audience to respond positively or negatively to a speech
discovery phase phase of the process of finding speech topics that identifies large topic areas
exploration phase phase of the process of finding speech topics that involves the close examination
of large topic areas to identify more precise topics that might be developed
refinement phase identifying the general and specific purposes of a speech topic and framing its
thesis statement
brainstorming technique that encourages the free play of the mindtopoi of topic
discovery
probe questions used to stimulate the mind during topic exploration, centering on
places, people, activities, things, events, ideas, values, problems, and campus
concerns.
interest chart visual display of a speaker's interests, as prompted by certain probe questions
topic area
inventory chart
a means of determining possible speech topics by listing topics you find interesting
and subjects your audience finds interesting, and then matching them
media prompts sources such as newspapers, magazines, and the electronic media that can suggest
ideas for speech topics
mind mapping changes customary patterns of thinking in order to free our minds for creative
exploration
topic analysis using questions often employed by journalists to explore topic possibilities forspeeches (who, what, why, when, where, and how)
general purpose the speaker's overall intention to inform or persuade listeners, or to celebrate
some person or occupation
specific purpose the speaker's particular goal or the response that the speaker wishes to evoke
thesis statement sometimes called the "central idea," it summarizes in a single sentence the
message of your speech
topic briefing prospectus for a speech or series of speeches you propose to give
information
literacy
the skills one needs to locate information efficiently and to evaluate what one
learns
responsible
knowledge
an understanding of the major features, issues, information, latest developments
and local applications relevant to a topic
general search
engine
an internet search engine that allows you to enter a key-word and find related
Web sites
metasearch
engine
a search engine that combines the results from several search engines
subject directory an organized list of links to Web sites on specific topics
Invisible web high-quality databases generally not included in the searches conducted by general
or metasearch engines
Boolean search techniques that can help one limit or expand research on the Internet (and, or,
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
4/12
not)
advocacy Web
site
A Web site whose major purpose is to change attitudes or behaviors
authority criterion for evaluating the credentials of the author
accuracy criterion for evaluating the correctness of information by checking it against other
information
objectivity criterion for evaluating whether or not a source is free from bias
currency criterion for evaluating whether or not the information on a Web site is up-to-date
coverage criterion for evaluating the breadth of information on a topic
probes questions that ask someone being interviewed to elaborate on a response
mirror questions questions that repeat part of a previous response to encourage further discussion
verifier a statement by an interviewer confirming the meaning of what has just been said
by the person being interviewed
reinforcer a comment or action that encourages further communication from someone being
interviewed
source cards Records kept of the author, title, place and date of publication, and page
references for each research source
information cards research notes on facts and ideas obtained from an article or booksupporting
materials
the fats and figures, testimony, examples, and narratives that are the building
blocks of successful speeches
facts information that can be verified by observation or expert testimony
statistics numerical information
disinformation deliberately false, fragmented, irrelevant, or superficial information designed to
influence policies or opinions
definition a translation of an unfamiliar word into understandable terms
explanation discussion that helps clarify a topic or demonstrates how a process works
descriptions word pictures that help listeners visualize what you are talking about
testimony citing the opinions or conclusions of other people or institutions to clarify, support
and strengthen a pointexpert testimony offers judgments from those who are qualified by training or experience to speak
as authorities on a subject
reluctant
testimony
highly credible form of supporting material in which sources speak against their
apparent self-interest
lay testimony citing the views of ordinary people on a subject
prestige
testimony
citing the views of someone who is highly regarded, but not necessarily an expert
on a topic
direct quotation repeating the exact words of another to support a point
paraphrase summarizing in your own words something said or written
quoting out of
context
an unethical use of a quotation that changes or distorts the original speaker's
meaning or intent by not including parts of the quote
examples verbal illustrations of the speaker's points
brief example using a concise instance or allusion to illustrate or develop a point
extended
example
a detailed illustration that allows a speaker to build impressions
factual example an illustration based on something that actually happened or that really exists
hypothetical
example
a representation of reality, usually a synthesis of actual people, situations or events
narrative a story used to illustrate some important truth
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
5/12
embedded
narrative
stories inserted within speeches that illustrate the speaker's point
vicarious
experience
narrative
speech strategy in which the speaker invites listeners to imagine themselves
enacting a story
master narrative form of speaking in which the entire speech becomes a story that reveals some
important truth
narrative
coherence
whether a narrative or story flows well and fits together smoothly
narrative fidelity whether a narrative seems true and makes sense
comparison using supporting material to point out the similarities of an unfamiliar or
controversial issue to something the audience already knows or accepts
contrast arranging supporting materials to highlight differences or gaining attention by
using abrupt changes in presentation, dwelling upon opposites, or framing the pros
and cons of a situation
analogy a connection established between two otherwise dissimilar ideas or things
literal analogy a comparison made between subjects within the same filed
figurative analogy a comparison made between things that belong to different fieldssimplicity suggests that a speech has a limited number of main points and that they are short
and direct
balance suggests that the introduction, body and conclusion receive their proper share of
the time allotted for the speech
order a consistent pattern used to develop a speech
main points the most prominent ideas of the speaker's message
research overview a listing of the main sources of information that could be used in a speech and of
the major ideas from each source
prologue an opening that establishes the context and setting of a narrative, foreshadows the
meaning and introduces major characters
plot the body of a speech that follows narrative design,; unfolds in sequence of scenesdesigned to build suspense
epilogue the final part of a narrative that reflects upon its meaning
transitions connecting elements used in speeches
internal summary a transition that reminds listeners of major points already presented in a speech
before proceeding to new ideas
rhetorical
questions
questions that have a self-evident answer, or that provoke curiosity that the
speech then proceeds to satisfy
preview the part of the introduction that identifies the main points to be developed in the
body of the speech and presents an overview of the speech to follow
summary the speaker's reinterpretation of the speech's main ideas at the end of a
presentation
metaphor brief, concentrated form of comparison that is implied and often surprising. It
connects elements of experience that are not usually related in order to create a
new perspective.
working outline a tentative plan showing the pattern of a speech's major parts, their relative
importance, and the way they fit together
subpoints the major divisions of a speech's main points
sub-subpoints divisions of subpoints within a speech
formal outline the final outline in a process leading from the first rough ideas for a speech to the
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
6/12
finished product
coordination the requirement that statements equal in importance be placed on the same level
in an outline
subordination the requirement that material in an outline descend in importance from main
points to subpoints to sub-subpoints to sub-sub-subpoints
parallel
construction
wording points in a similar fashion to emphasize their importance and to help the
audience remember them
source citation references in a speech to sources used
works cited a form of bibliography in an outline that lists those sources of supporting material
actually used in the speech
works consulted a form of bibliography that lists all sources of research considered in the
preparation of the speech
key-word outline an abbreviated version of a formal outline that may be used in presenting a speech
presentation aids visual and auditory illustrations intended to enhance the clarity and effectiveness
of a presentation
graphics visual representations of information, such as sketches, maps, graphs, charts and
textual materials
pie graph a circle graph that shows the size of a subject's parts in relation to each other andto the whole
bar graph a graph that shows comparisons and contrasts between two or more items or
groups
line graph a visual representation of changes across time; especially useful for indicating
trends of growth or decline
flow chart a visual method of representing power and responsibility relationships, or
describing the steps in a process
textual graphics visuals that contain words, phrases, or numbers
bulleted list a presentation aid that highlights ideas by presenting them as a list of brief
statements
acronym a word composed of the initial letters of a series of wordsflip chart a large, unlined tablet, usually a newsprint pad, that is placed on an easel so that
each page can be flipped over the top when it's full
computer-assisted
presentation
the use of commercial presentation software to join audio, visual, textual, graphic,
and animated components
analogous color
scheme
colors adjacent on the color wheel; used in a presentation aid to suggest both
differences and close relationships among the components
complementary
color scheme
colors opposite one another on the color wheel; used in a presentation aid to
suggest tension and opposition
monochromatic
color scheme
use of variations of a single color in a presentation aid to convey the idea of variety
within unity
denotative
meaning
the dictionary definition or objective meaning of a word
connotative
meaning
the emotional, subjective, personal meaning that certain words can evoke in
listeners
jargon technical language related to a specific field that may be incomprehensible to a
general audience
euphemism sometimes humorous use of words to soften or evade the truth of a situation
doublespeak using words that point in the direction opposite from the reality they should be
describing
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
7/12
amplification the art of developing ideas by finding ways to restate them in a speech
slang the language of the street
malapropisms language errors that occur when a word is confused with another word that
sounds like it
maxims brief and particularly apt sayings
cultural sensitivity the respectful appreciation of diversity within an audience
figurative
language
the use of words in certain surprising and unusual ways in order to magnify the
power of their meaning
metaphor brief, concentrated form of comparison that is implied and often surprising. It
connects elements of experience that are not usually related in order to create a
new perspective
enduring
metaphors
metaphors of unusual power and popularity that are based on experience that
lasts across time and that crosses many cultural boundaries
simile a language tool that clarifies something abstract by comparing it with something
concrete; usually introduced by "as" or "like"
personification a figure of speech in which nonhuman or abstract subjects are given human
qualities
culturetypes terms that express the values and goals of a group's cultureideographs compact expressions of a group's basic political faith
antithesis a language technique that combines opposing elements in the same sentence or
adjoining sentences
inversion changing the normal order of words to make statements memorable
parallel
construction
wording points in the same way to emphasize their importance and to help the
audience remember them
alliteration the repetition of initial consonant sounds in closely connected words
onomatopoeia the use of words that sound like the subjects they signify
integrated
communication
an ideal, harmonious convergence of voice, body language, and speech content to
produce a self-reinforcing interplay of meanings
presentation the act of offering a speech to an audience, integrating the skills of nonverbalcommunication with the speech content
expanded
conversational
style
a presentational quality that, while more formal than everyday conversation,
preserves its directness and spontaneity
immediacy a quality of successful communication achieved when the speaker and audience
experience a sense of closeness
pitch the position of a human voice on the musical scale
habitual pitch the vocal level at which people speak most frequently
optimum pitch the level at which people can produce their strongest voice with minimal effort and
that allows variation up and down the musical scale
rate the speed at which words are uttered
rhythm rate patterns of vocal presentation within a speech
vocal distractions filler words such as "er," "um," and "you know," used in the place of a pause
articulation the manner in which individual speech sounds are produced
enunciation the manner in which individual words are articulated and pronounced in context
pronunciation the use of correct sounds and of proper stress on syllables when saying words
dialect a speech pattern associated with an area of the country or with a cultural or ethnic
background
body language communication achieved using facial expressions, eye contact, movements and
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
8/12
gestures
proxemics the study of how human beings use space during communication
distance principle of proxemics involving the control of the space
elevation principle of proxemics dealing with power relationships implied when speakers
stand above listeners
impromptu
speaking
a talk delivered with minimal or no preparation
PREP formula a technique for making an impromptu speech state a point, give a reason or
example, and restate the point
memorized text
presentations
speeches that are committed to memory and delivered word for word
manuscript
presentation
a speech read from a manuscript
extemporaneous
presentation
a form of presentation in which a speech, although carefully prepared and
practiced, is not written out or memorized
feedback speaker's perception of how audience members react to the message both during
and after its presentation
informative value a measure of how much new and important information or understanding aspeech conveys to an audience
speech of
description
an informative speech that creates word-pictures to help the audience understand
a subject
speech of
demonstration
an informative speech aimed at showing the audience how to do something or
how something works
speech of
explanation
offers understanding of abstract and complex subjects
intensity attention factor concerning how much an object contrasts with its background
repetition repeating sounds, words or phrases to attract and hold attention
novelty the quality of being new or unusual
activity holding audience attention by offering a vigorous presentation, telling excitingstories, and using language that creates the sense of action
contrast arranging supporting materials to highlight differences or gaining attention by
using abrupt changes in presentation, dwelling upon opposites, or framing the pros
and cons of a situation
relevance holding attention by pointing out a subject's importance or value to vital interests
retention the extent to which listeners remember and use the speaker's message
spatial design a pattern for an informative speech that orders the main points as they occur in
actual space
sequential design a pattern for an informative speech that presents the steps involved in the process
being demonstrated
chronological
design
a pattern of speech organization that follows a sequence of important events in a
historical pattern
categorical design the use of natural or customary divisions within a subject as a way of structuring an
informative speech
comparative
design
a pattern for an informative speech that relates an unfamiliar subject to something
the audience already knows or understands
literal analogy a comparison made between subjects within the same field
figurative analogy a comparison made between things that belong to different fields
comparison and an informative speech design that points out similarities and differences between
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
9/12
contrast subjects or ideas
causation design a pattern for an informative speech that shows how one condition generates, or is
generated by, another
briefing a short informative presentation offered in an organizational setting that focuses
upon plans, policies, or reports
persuasion the art of gaining fair and favorable consideration for our point of view
manipulative
persuasion
persuasion that works through suggestion, colorful images, music and attractive
spokespersons more than through evidence and reasoning. It avoids the ethical
burden of justification.
argumentative
persuasion
persuasion built on evidence and reasoning
evidence supporting materials used in persuasive speeches, including facts and figures,
examples, narratives, and testimony
reluctant witness witnesses who testify against their apparent self-interest
proof an interpretation of evidence that provides a good reason for listeners to agree
with the speaker
logos a form of proof that makes rational appeals based on facts and figures and expert
testimonypathos proof relying on appeals to emotions
ethos a form of proof that relies on the audience's perceptions of a speaker's
competence, character, good will, and dynamism
mythos a form of proof that connects a subject to the culture and tradition of a group of
narratives
initial credibility the audience's assessment of your ethos before you begin your speech
emerging
credibility
the changes in the audience's assessment of ethos that occur as you present your
speech
terminal
credibility
the audience's assessment of your ethos after you have made a presentation
reasoning fromprinciple
argumentative reasoning that is based upon shared principles, values, and rules,sometimes called deductive reasoning
deductive
reasoning
arguing from a general principle to a specific case
major premise the statement of a general principle on which an argument is based
minor premise the statement of a specific instance that relates to the general principle on which
an argument is based
conclusion the ending of the speech, which summarizes the message and leaves listeners with
something to remember. Also, the final statement of the relationship between the
major and minor premises of an argument
enthymeme pattern of deductive reasoning as it occurs in persuasion about public issues
reasoning from
reality
emphasis on factual evidence in guiding one's general conclusions and decisions
inductive
reasoning
reasoning from specific factual instances to reach a general conclusion
reasoning from
parallel cases
presenting a similar situation and how it was handled as the basis of the argument
- often called analogical reasoning
analogical
reasoning
creating a strategic perspective on a subject by relating it to something similar
about which the audience has strong feelings
data the factual evidence in an argument as featured in the Toulmin model
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
10/12
claim the conclusion the speaker draws based on the data in an argument. Also,
conclusions that go beyond factual statements to make judgments about their
subjects
warrant the principle that justifies moving from data to claim in an argument
fallacies errors in reasoning that make persuasion unreliable
slippery slope
fallacy
the assumption that once something happens, an inevitable trend is established
that will lead to disastrous results
confusion of fact
and opinion
fallacy
a misuse of evidence in which personal opinions are offered as though they were
facts, or facts are dismissed as though they were opinion
red herring fallacy the use of irrelevant material to divert attention
myth of the mean the deceptive use of statistical averages in speeches
flawed statistical
comparisons
statistical reasoning that offers fallacious conclusions by comparing unequal or
unlike situations
ad hominem
fallacy
an attempt to discredit a position by attacking the people who favor it
begging the
question fallacy
assuming that an argument has been proved without actually presenting the
evidenceshaky principle
fallacy
a reasoning error that occurs when an argument is based on a faulty premise
omitted qualifier
fallacy
a reasoning error that occurs when a persuader claims too much, confusing
probability with certainty
post hoc fallacy a deductive error in which one event is assumed to be the cause of another simply
because the first preceded the second
hasty
generalization
fallacy
an error of inductive reasoning in which a claim is made based on insufficient or
nonrepresentative information.
non sequiter
fallacy
a deductive error occurring when conclusions do not follow from the premises that
precede themfaulty analogy a comparison drawn between things that are dissimilar in some important way
either-or thinking
fallacy
a fallacy that occurs when a speaker suggests that there are only two options, and
only one is desirable
straw man fallacy understating, distorting or otherwise misrepresenting the position of opponents
for the ease of refutation
speeches that
focus on facts
speeches designed to establish the validity of past or present information or to
make predictions about what is likely to occur in the future
predictions forecasts of what we can expect in the future, often based on projections of trends
from past occurrences
speeches that
address attitudes,
beliefs, and values
speeches designed to modify these elements and help listeners find harmony
among them
cognitive
dissonance
the discomfort we feel because of conflict among our attitudes, beliefs, and values
speeches that
advocate action
speeches that encourage listeners to change their behavior either as individuals or
as members of a group
debate the clash of opposing ideas, evaluations, and policy proposals on a subject of
concern
awareness this first stage in the persuasive process includes knowing about a problem and
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
11/12
paying attention to it
understanding this second phase in the persuasive process requires that listeners grasp the
meaning of the speaker's message
agreement the third stage in the persuasive process, which requires that listeners accept a
speaker's recommendations and remember their reasons for doing so
enactment the fourth stage of the persuasive process in which listeners take appropriate
action as the result of agreement
integration final stage of the persuasive process in which listeners connect new attitudes and
commitments with previous beliefs and values to ensure lasting change
co-active
approach
a way of approaching reluctant audiences in which the speaker attempts to
establish goodwill, emphasizes shared values, and sets modest goals for persuasion
boomerang effect a possible audience's reaction to a speech that advocates too much change
great expectation
fallacy
the mistaken idea that major change can be accomplished by a single persuasive
effort
multisided
presentation
a speech in which the speaker's position is compared favorably to other positions
inoculation effect preparing an audience for an opposing argument by answering it before listeners
have been exposed to itsleeper effect a delayed reaction to persuasion
problem-solution
design
a persuasive speech pattern in which listeners are first persuaded that they have a
problem and then are shown how to solve it
stock issues the major general questions a reasonable person would ask before agreeing to a
change in policies or procedures
motivated
sequence design
a persuasive speech design that proceeds by arousing attention, demonstrating a
need, satisfying the need, visualizing results, and calling for action
refutative design a persuasive speech design in which the speaker tries to raise doubts about,
damage, or destroy an opposing position
ceremonial
speaking
speaking that celebrates special occasions, such as speeches of tribute, inspiration,
and introduction, eulogies, toasts, award presentations, acceptances, and after-dinner speeches. Their deeper function is to share identities and reinforce values
that unite people into communities
magnification a speaker's selecting and emphasizing certain qualities of a subject to stress the
values they represent
speech of tribute a ceremonial speech that recognizes the achievements of individuals or groups or
commemorates special events
award
presentation
a speech of tribute that recognizes achievements of the award recipient, explains
the nature of the award, and describes why the recipient qualifies for the award
eulogy a speech of tribute presented upon a person's death
toast a short speech of tribute, usually offered at celebration dinners or meetings
speech of
acceptance
a ceremonial speech expressing gratitude for an honor and acknowledging those
who made the accomplishment possible
speech of
introduction
a ceremonial speech in which a featured speaker is introduced to the audience
speech of
inspiration
a ceremonial speech directed at awakening or reawakening an audience to a goal,
purpose, or set of values
after-dinner
speech
a brief, often humorous, ceremonial speech, presented after a meal, that offers a
message without asking for radical changes
master of a person who coordinates an event or program, sets its mood, introduces, and
-
8/6/2019 quizlet DSST PS
12/12
ceremonies provides transitions
embedded
narrative
stories inserted within speeches that illustrate the speaker's points
vicarious
experience
narrative
speech strategy in which the speaker invites listeners to imagine themselves
enacting a story
master narrative form of speaking in which the entire speech becomes a story that reveals some
important truth
narrative design speech structure that develops a story from beginning to end through a sequence
of scenes in which characters interact
prologue an opening that establishes the context and setting of a narrative, foreshadows the
meaning, and introduces major characters
plot the body of a speech that follows narrative design; unfolds in a sequence of scenes
designed to build suspense
epilogue the final part of a narrative that reflects upon its meaning