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DefinitionsDefinitionsAttribution

and examples

CausalityCausalityTopic Topic sentencessentences

Question: What are greenhouse gases?

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Definitions #1

Answer:

Greenhouse gases are gases such as carbon dioxide that absorb heat and prevent it from escaping into the atmosphere, thus warming the Earth.

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Definitions #1

Question: What is global warming?

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Definitions #2

Answer: Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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Definitions #2

Question:

What is the Kyoto Protocol?

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Definitions #3

Answer:

The Kyoto Protocol is a treaty which was made in 1997 among 160 countries to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.

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Definitions #3

Question: What is the IPCC?

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Definitions #4

Answer:

The IPCC is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a network of 2,500 of the world’s leading climatologists from 70 countries.

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Definitions #4

Question: Who is Charles Keeling?

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Definitions #5

Answer: Charles Keeling is the scientist who studied the increase in average carbon dioxide levels beginning in 1958 at a site on Mauna Loa in Hawaii.

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Definition #5

Question: What is a flood?

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Definitions #1

Answer:

A flood is when there is deep water due to heavy rains or rising water levels in rivers, lakes, or seas.

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Definitions #1

Question:

What are zooplankton?

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Definitions #2

Answer:

Zooplankton are tiny shrimplike animals that live near the surface of the ocean and are food for fish and marine animals.

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Definitions #2

Question: What is a variable in science?

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Definitions #3

Answer:

A variable is one factor that may change in scientific research. For example, when scientists study global warming, one variable is carbon dioxide levels.

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Definitions #3

Question: What is a drought?

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Definitions #4

Answer: A drought is a period when there is very low rainfall and exceptionally dry conditions.

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Definitions #4

Question: What is a fluctuation?

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Definitions #5

Answer: A fluctuation is when something rises and falls; for example, the CO2 levels fluctuates in summer and winter.

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Definitions #5

Question: How does the greenhouse effect work?

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Topic Sentence for 1

Answer: The greenhouse effect traps heat on Earth in a way that is similar to the way a glass building warms plants or the way a car heats up in the sunlight when the windows are closed.

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Topic Sentence for 1

Question: Describe the research and results about the rise in carbon dioxide levels …

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Topic Sentence for 2

Answer: Based on Charles’ Keeling’s research, carbon dioxide levels rose between 1958 and 2000.

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Topic Sentence for 2

Question:

What are some effects of global warming on agriculture, plants, and animals?

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Topic Sentence for 3

Answer:

Scientists predict that global warming will have serious effects on agriculture, plants, and animals.

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Topic Sentence for 3

Question: What are some of the recent findings of the IPCC?

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Topic Sentence for 4

Answer: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which is a group of the world’s leading climatologists, has found convincing evidence that global warming is already taking place and that it could have serious effects.

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Topic Sentence for 4

Question: Explain the Kyoto Protocol and some of the difficulties in getting countries to follow its requirements.

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Topic sentence for 5

Answer: Although 160 countries agreed to the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, there have been difficulties in getting countries to follow its requirements.

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Topic Sentence for 5

Fill in the blank with a correct attribution word or phrase:

________________ the IPCC, sea levels have risen.

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Attribution/ Example #1

Answer:

According to the IPCC, sea levels have risen.

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Attribution/ Example #1

Fill in the blank with an attribution word/ phrase:

The textbook, Environmental Science, ____________ that CO2

levels rose from .314 to .368 parts per million between 1958 and 2000.

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Attribution/ Example # 2

Answer:

The textbook, Environmental Science, states that CO2 levels rose from .314 to .368 parts per million between 1958 and 2000.

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Attribution/ Example#2

Add an appropriate example:

There are several greenhouse gases such as ____________,

____________, and ________.

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Attribution/ Example #3

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Attribution / Example #3

Answer:

There are several greenhouse gases such

as carbon dioxide,

CFCS, and methane.

Add an appropriate example:

The rise in sea levels might cause several problems; for instance,…

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Attribution / Example #4

Answer: The rise in sea levels might cause several problems; for instance, there could be flooding of coastal areas and beaches could be eroded.

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Attribution/ Example #4

Add an appropriate example:

Global warming could threaten human health; for example, …

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Attribution / Example #5

Answer: Global warming could threaten human health; for example, there could be more heat- related deaths and more respiratory illness.

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Attribution / Example #5

Fill in the blanks with a cause/effect word or phrase

Global warming may __________ a change in ocean currents and shut off the Gulf stream.

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Cause and effect words #1

Answer:

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Cause and effect words #1

Answer:

Global warming may cause a

change in ocean currents and

shut off the Gulf stream.

Fill in the blanks with a cause/effect word/ phrase:

Global warming is difficult to predict ____________ there are so many variables.

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Cause and Effect words #2

Answer: Global warming is difficult to predict since there are so many variables.

(because, as)

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Cause and Effect Words #2

Fill in the blanks with a correct cause/effect word/phrase:

There are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; ___________, the temperature is rising.

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Cause and Effect Words #3

Answer: There are more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; consequently, the temperature is rising.

(therefore, as a result)

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Cause and Effect Words #3

Fill in the blank with a correct cause/effect word/phrase.

______________ the increase in carbon dioxide levels, the average temperature on Earth is rising.

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Cause and Effect Words #4

Fill in the blank with a correct cause/effect word/phrase.

Due to the increase in carbon dioxide levels, the average temperature on Earth is rising.

(As a result of, Because of)

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Cause and Effect Words #4

Fill in the blanks with a correct cause/effect word/phrase:

Global warming could __________________ more droughts and reduced crop yields.

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Cause/Effect #5

Answer: Global warming could result in more droughts and reduced crop yields.

(lead to, cause)

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Cause/Effect #5