Quit Part 3Fixing our cities’ problems 3.3 What has been done to solve the urban problems in Hong...

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Part 3 Fixing our cities’ problems

3.3 What has been done to solve the urban problems

in Hong Kong?

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What has been done to solve the urban problems?

Build more housesBuild more houses

Develop more landDevelop more land

Lower population growthLower population growth

Build more roads and improve public transport


Conserve the environmentConserve the environment

Better urban planningBetter urban planning

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The end

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Lower population growth

Describe the change in birth rates in

Hong Kong.

The government encourage people to carry out birthControl. People like small families nowadays.

The birth rate in Hong Kong is (increasing/decreasing).

The death rate in Hong Kong is low.

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Lower population growth

Death rates:

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2003

-- -- 5.0 5.1 4.8 5.0 4.6 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.4

Migrants: 150 immigrants from mainland China daily

Population growth (1991-2001): 6 708 389 – 5 674 114 = 1 034 275

Average annual population growth rate: 1.6%

The average annual population growth rate is (high/low).

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Develop more landReclamation

Increases the size of Hong Kong

Narrows the Victoria Harbour

Reclaimed coastline: Straight

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Reclamation

Reclamation increases land for urban development e.g. building new towns.

Develop more land

Most of the land in West Kowloon is obtained from reclamation.

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The government has built many public housing estates tohelp low-income people improve their living conditions.

The government also rebuilds some old public housing estates. The new estates provide more living spaces and better facilities.

Build more houses

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Build more houses

The Housing Authority since 1973

First public housing estate: Shek Kip Mei

Types of public housing: Rental housing;

Subsidized sales flats(Home ownership scheme; Private Sector Participation Scheme)

______ % of people live in public housing by 200549.5

Facilities in public housing estates: Market, shopping centres, restaurants, playgrounds, games halls, car parks, etc.

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Careful urban _____________ is a way to help solve urbanproblems.

planning

With good urban planning, the government can use the_____________ more wisely.land

Better urban planning

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Redevelopment: Old buildings are pulled down. Land uses are replanned.

New buildings are put in place. Streets are widened and more open spaces are provided.

Redevelop the old urban areas byBetter urban planning

the Urban Renewal Authority

4R strategy: _______________, _____________

_______________, _____________

Redevelopment Rehabilitation

Preservation Revitalization

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Better urban planningRedevelop the old urban areas

Before and after redevelopment: (Fig. 3a-3c on p.61)

Before urban renewal

After urban renewal

Height of building

Look of building

Open space

Land use zones

Living environment

HigherLower

Old, decayed, ugly New, modern

Less More

Mixed Planned

Poorer Better

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1981

Population has been (decreasing/increasing) on Hong

Kong Island and Kowloon. However, the population of

the new towns has been (decreasing/increasing).

Describe the change of population in different parts of

Hong Kong.

New townsBetter urban planning

2001

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Better urban planningNew towns

By 2003, ____ % of Hong Kong people live in new towns.47.1

At present, there are _______ new towns in Hong Kong.

The most recent new town is ______________.

nine

Tung Chung

Tseung Kwan O new town

Tung Chung new town

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Land uses: (e.g. Shatin on p.91)Commercial, residential, industrial, institutional, green belt

residentialgreen belt

Why is land use conflict not found in new towns?There is land use planning. Shops are provided near to the residential areas. There are plenty of open spaces and recreational land use among the other uses. Factories are grouped into certain areas. These industrial areas are separated from other land uses.

Develop more landNew towns

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___ strategic/trunk routes; ____ tunnels9 12

Yuen Long to Central:

Tung Chung to Central:

Route No. 3

Routes No. 3 and 8

KCR Corporation

MTR Corporation

KCRCorporation

KCR corporation

MTR Corporation

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Which new towns do the KCR rails link up?West rail: _____________________________________________East rail: ______________________________________________Ma On Shan rail: _______________________________________

Yuen Long, Tin Shui Wai, Tuen Mun, Tsuen WanShatin, Taipo, Sheungshui/Fanling

Ma On Shan, Shatin

The improved road network and mass transit systems gives a better link between the _____ _______ and the urban areas.

new towns

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The government has set up the ___________________________ Department to promote environmental protection.

Environmental Protection

What has the SAR government done to conserve the environment?

Conserve the environment

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Air PollutionLaws and regulation

Set and tighten limits to emission of waste gas from vehicles, power plants, factories, etc.

Smoke test for vehicles and penalty set for smoky vehicles Require Euro diesel vehicles to install particulate reduction devices Ban the use of dirty fuels in power plants

Improvement work Encourage the switch to alternative cleaner fuel, e.g. LPG taxis and

light buses Assist the diesel vehicles to install particulate traps/catalytic

converters

Educate the publico Promote eco-driving, e.g. switching off engine while waitingo Encourage drivers to repair and maintain their vehicleso Encourage the public to use public transporto Promote energy saving

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Water pollution

Laws and regulation Set emission standards of waste sewage from

factories

Improvement work Build sewers network Carry out sewage treatment, e.g. the Stonecutters

Sewage Treatment Works

Educating the publico Launch the scheme sewage charges to teach the

public the “Polluters Pay Principle”

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Land Pollution/Solid WasteLaws and regulation

Set a licensing scheme for the disposal of waste Control on the disposal of chemical waste, clinical waste, construction

waste, etc. Prohibition or control of livestock keeping in the urban areas Penalty for offenses like littering, splitting, dog fouling, unauthorized

display of posters

Improvement work Build landfills to dispose solid waste Provide chemical waste treatment in Tsing Yi Set up the Eco Park in Tuen Mun (planned)

Educate the publico Promote waste reduction: waste separation; waste recovery; waste

recyclingo Set the scheme of waste disposal charges: the “Polluters Pay Principle”

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Noise PollutionLaws and regulation

Set noise standards for factories and commercial operators Limit piling in construction sites to 3 to 5 hours a day Ban vehicles going into certain streets at night

Improvement work Install noise barriers/screens along new roads and some old

roads Build low-noise surface to new roads Improve land use planning by reducing population exposed to

traffic noise, e.g. set a distance between buildings and main roads

Set up pedestrian scheme

Educate the publico Reduce noise

Quit Part 3Fixing our cities’ problems 3.3 What has been done to solve the urban problems in Hong...

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