Question: What causes the greenhouse effect and why is it important?

Answer: … … …

Question of the DayQuestion of the DayQuestion of the DayQuestion of the Day

Turn In: -Greenhouse Effect Lab-Final Review Sheet #37 - 50

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2. Identify which of the following gases is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere today.

a. argon c. oxygenb. nitrogen d. carbon dioxide

2. Nitrogen is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere today.

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3. Compare Earth’s early atmosphere with its present atmosphere.3. Earth’s early atmosphere was composed of many gases that would be poisonous to us today. As life forms evolved and began to photosynthesize, oxygen was produced. Once animals adapted to breathing oxygen, they began to give off carbon dioxide, balancing the production of oxygen.

4. Arrange the steps of the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle in the correct order:

a. Animals breathe oxygenb. Plants produce oxygenc. Plants use carbon dioxided. Animals exhale carbon dioxide

4. The correct order is b, a, d, c.b. Plants produce oxygena. Animals breathe oxygend. Animals exhale carbon dioxidec. Plants use carbon dioxide

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5. Explain why the following statement is incorrect: global warming could cause oceans to rise, so the greenhouse effect must be eliminated completely. 5. If we were to eliminate the greenhouse effect completely, the world’s climate would become too cold for humans to survive.

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p. 605 CYU 2-7 p. 605 CYU 2-7 p. 605 CYU 2-7 p. 605 CYU 2-7 6. Predict how much colder it is at the top of Mount Everest, which is almost 9km above sea level, than it is at the Indian coastline. Consider only the difference in altitude. (Hint: the temperature in the troposphere decreases by 6°C/km)

6. The temperature at the top of Mount Everest is about 54°C colder.

9km x 6°C/km = 54°C

7. In 1982, Larry Walters rose to an altitude of approximately 4900m (just over 3 miles) on a lawn chair attached to 45 helium-filled weather balloons. Give two reasons why Walters’s efforts were dangerous.7. Walters’s efforts were dangerous because the oxygen content of the air is considerably lower at that altitude and the temperature is extremely cold.

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Relative HumidityRelative Humidity

HumidityHumidity

the measure of the amount of the measure of the amount of water water (moisture)(moisture) in the air in the air

highhigh humidity = lots of humidity = lots of waterwater in the air in the air

SaturatedSaturated

when the air is holding the when the air is holding the maximum maximum amount of amount of moisturemoisture that it can hold at a that it can hold at a particular particular temperature temperature

warmwarm air can hold air can hold moremore water vapor than water vapor than coldcold air air

Absolute HumidityAbsolute Humidity

actual actual amountamount of of waterwater in a given volume of in a given volume of air air

Units are Units are g/mLg/mL

CapacityCapacity

The maximum amount of The maximum amount of waterwater the air can the air can hold at a specific hold at a specific temperaturetemperature

If the air is holding its full capacity of water If the air is holding its full capacity of water vapor it isvapor it is saturated saturated..

Relative HumidityRelative Humidity

how much how much waterwater is in the air is in the air relativerelative (compared) to its (compared) to its capacitycapacity at a specific at a specific temperaturetemperature

== Absolute Humidity Absolute Humidity X 100 X 100

Capacity at a ParticularCapacity at a Particular

TemperatureTemperature

Psychrometer/HygrometerPsychrometer/Hygrometer

instrumentinstrument used to used to measure relative humiditymeasure relative humidity

contains both a contains both a wetwet and a and a drydry bulb thermometer bulb thermometer

Dew PointDew Point

TemperatureTemperature to which the to which the air would have to be cooled air would have to be cooled to make the relative to make the relative humidity humidity 100%100%

condensationcondensation can begin at can begin at this temperaturethis temperature

Dew PointDew Point

if below if below freezingfreezing, water will go from vapor to , water will go from vapor to ice crystalice crystal

the the higherhigher the the temperature the more temperature the more moisturemoisture it takes to it takes to reach the dew pointreach the dew point

In general:In general:– HighHigh dew points = dew points = highhigh humidity humidity– LowLow dew points = dew points = lowlow humidity humidity