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Ashley thought that fewer seeds would grow in salt water than in fresh water.To test her hypothesis, she performed the following steps:1) Plant ten seeds in a small container of soil.2) Pour salt water into the container.3) Place the container in sunlight.4) Watch the container for five days.After five days, Ashley found that only two seeds grew. She decided that herhypothesis was correct.

Which statement describes why Ashley should be less confident that herhypothesis is correct?

A. She grew the seeds only in salt water and did not have seeds growing thatwere given fresh water as a control for the experiment.

B. She placed the container in sunlight only and should have placed anothercontainer in the dark as a control for the experiment.

C. She planted ten seeds in the same container when she should have planted only one seed to keep the experiment controlled.

D. She planted the seeds in only one container with soil when she should have used two containers, filling one with sand.

A researcher is designing an investigation to see which medicine is the mosteffective against skin infections that are caused by bacteria. She can use the following for her experiment:

• Four different types of medicines• Samples of infected skin cells from three different species• Three lights for setup• Three locations with different temperatures

Which statement describes the setup that will provide the data the researcher needs to answer her purpose?

F. Change the medicine used but keep the light, temperature, and skin cells thesameG. Use each type of skin cell and keep the medicine, light, and temperature thesameH. Try different temperatures and medicine with the light and skin cells staying thesameJ. Use different lighting and medicine with the same temperature and skin cells

Alicia performed the following steps of an investigation:

1) She added a few drops of red food coloring to 50 milliliters of water in a clearplastic bottle.2) She shook the bottle.3) She added 20 milliliters of yellow vegetable oil, replaced the cover, and shook thebottle forcefully.4) She left the bottle undisturbed overnight.

Which of these was the appearance of the mixture the next morning?

F. A yellow liquid layer on top of a red liquid layer

G. Three equal layers of clear, red, and yellow

liquids

H. Thick paste on top of a red liquid layer

J. An evenly mixed orange liquid

Which two human body systems helpwith the breakdown of food andabsorption of nutrients?

A. Circulatory and muscularB. Digestive and circulatoryC. Muscular and reproductiveD. Reproductive and digestive

Which adaptation helps the scarlet king snake survive in its environment?

A. It reproduces between 4 and 20 eggs.

B. It usually grows to between 2 and 4 feet long.

C. It can live in deserts, wetlands, and grasslands.

D. It looks like the poisonous coral snake to confuse predators.

• Anita has a small sample of an unknown element that she is trying to identify. Anita divides the mass of the sample by its volume.

Which property of matter is Anita using to identify the element?

F. Weight

G. Density

H. Texture

J. Freezing point

Eduardo found an object in a nearby lake.Which of these must Eduardo find in the object for it to be identified as a living organism?

A. Blood

B. Cells

C. Heart

D. Skin

Mariah is pedaling her bicycle very fast. She suddenly takes her feet off of the pedals.Which statement describes the motion of the pedals immediately after she removes her feet?

A. The pedals stop instantly due to the friction of the tires.

B. The pedals begin to move backwards at the same speed.

C. The pedals move at the same speed but begin to move faster.

D. The pedals move in the same direction but start to slow down.

In the temperate forests of China, the red panda and the giant panda are part of the same food web. Both rely directly on bamboo for energy.

Which statement describes the pandas in this food web?

A. Producers

B. Decomposers

C. Primary consumers

D. Secondary consumers

Which of these effects does a prismhave on light?

F. It reflects the light.

G. It focuses the light.

H. It refracts the light.

J. It absorbs the light.

Dominick attached a metal ball to the end of a string and swung it over his head in a circular motion at a constant speed. After several swings, the string broke. The metal ball moved outward and eventually fell to the ground.

Which of these made the metal ball fall to the ground?

F. MassG. GravityH. FrictionJ. Magnetism

In the mid-1800s, work was done by scientists to understand infectious diseases. Scientists came up with what is called the “germ theory of disease.” This theory says that infectious diseases are caused by pathogens.Pathogens can be spread from one organism to another. In the 1880s, a German doctor named Robert Koch found that each infectious disease is caused by its own pathogen.

Which of these is the benefit of understanding that each disease is caused by a different pathogen?

F. It helps doctors diagnose the symptoms of

the disease quickly.

G. It can increase the natural defenses of the

human body to pathogens.

H. It can destroy illnesses before they have

been discovered by doctors.

J. It helps determine whether a particular

pathogen causes a certain illness.

Which adaptation helps the scarletking snake survive in its environment?

A. It reproduces between 4 and 20 eggs.

B. It usually grows to between 2 and 4 feet long.

C. It can live in deserts, wetlands, and grasslands.

D. It looks like the poisonous coral snake to

confuse predators.

Toby has two beakers of liquid atroom temperature. He places bothbeakers on a hot plate. The liquid inBeaker A boils before the liquid inBeaker B.

Which statement explains why theliquid in Beaker A boiled before theliquid in Beaker B?

F. Beaker A has a lower boilingpoint.G. Beaker B has a higher freezingpoint.H. The liquid in Beaker A has lessmass.J. The liquid in Beaker B has a lowerdensity.

Which of these is an example of sexual reproduction?

F. Production of seeds in flowers

G. Vegetative propagation in leaves

H. Fruiting in fungi

J. Budding in yeast

Helen puts four different spoons in a bowl of hot water. Each spoon is made of oneof the following materials:• Plastic• Rubber• Silver• Wood

Which spoon will be the warmest after two minutes?

F. Plastic, because it is a poor electrical conductor

G. Rubber, because it is a good electrical insulator

H. Silver, because it is a good thermal conductor

J. Wood, because it is a good thermal insulator

Kelly shines a flashlight at a wall. The beam of light creates a bright spot on the wall. Kelly holds up a piece of black cardboard in front of the light. This stops the beam of light, and it does not shine on the wall.

Which effect does the black cardboard have on the beam of light?

A. Absorption

B. Brightness

C. Reflection

D. Refraction

Which term describes when a substance is changed from a liquid to a gas?

A. Condensation

B. Evaporation

C. Filtration

D. Precipitation

The Bactrian camel has humps madeof fat that it can use for energy whenneeded. The kangaroo rat does notdrink water; it gets all it needs fromfood that it eats.

Which statement describes how these adaptations affect the Bactrian camel and the kangaroo rat?

F. Allow them to survive a drought

G. Increase their ability to catch prey

H. Allow them to scare their

predators

J. Make them blend into the

environment

What type of tissue is attached to the skeletal system and helps bonesmove?

F. Muscle tissue

G. Cardiac tissue

H. Adipose tissue

J. Epithelial tissue

Kareem wants to dissolve rock salt ina glass of water at room temperature.

Which process will speed up the timeit takes for the salt to dissolve?

A. Add hot water to the glass.

B. Add cold water to the glass.

C. Pour the water into a larger container.

D. Pour the water into a smaller container.

Many species of birds are born witha small, toothlike structure called anegg tooth at the end of the beak.A few days after the bird is born,it loses this structure.

How does the egg tooth help thespecies survive?

F. The egg tooth helps the bird hatchthrough its egg.G. The egg tooth helps the birdattack its first prey.H. The egg tooth helps the bird eatits first meal.J. The egg tooth helps the birddefend itself.

Justine and Teresa are each pushing separate boxes across the same floor. The boxesare the same shape, but Justine’s box is twice the mass of Teresa’s box. Teresa sets herbox in motion by applying a force of 35 newtons (N).

Which force does Justine need to apply to set her box in motion?F. 18 NG. 35 NH. 70 NJ. 140 N

American scientist Thomas Francis researched Type A influenza, which is the virusthat causes the flu. Francis was trying to develop a cure and discovered another kindof influenza called Type B. Type B is less common than Type A and is found almostexclusively in humans.

Which of these is the benefit of discovering that there is more than one type ofinfluenza?

F. People may spread the illness more slowly.

G. People will be able to avoid getting the illness.

H. Scientists may find a cure faster for other types of

illnesses.

J. Scientists can identify the illness faster by its own

symptoms

Amanda tested toy car tires to see which would go down a ramp the most slowly.She found that the tire that caused the most friction moved down the ramp themost slowly.

Which properties did the tires that moved the most slowly have?

A. Round shape and a smooth material

B. Round shape and a rough material

C. Oval shape and a smooth material

D. Oval shape and a rough material

Which statement describes asexual and sexual reproduction?

A. Asexual is one part of sexual reproduction.

B. Sexual reproduction happens before asexual.

C. Asexual needs one parent, and sexual needs two

parents.

D. Sexual happens only in animals, and asexual

happens only in plants.

Carlos was asked to bring an exampleof a mixture to class.Which of these should Carlos bring ashis example?

F. Salt

G. Sugar

H. Salt water

J. Cold water

Which is an example of a chemicalchange?

F. Milk cooling in a refrigerator

G. Pouring milk into a glass

H. Stirring a glass of milk

J. Milk turning sour

Which structure is the direct result ofsexual reproduction?

A. Cone

B. Flower

C. Seed

D. Spore

Josie investigated chemical andphysical changes using eggs. She didthe following four actions to fourdifferent eggs:• Boiled• Cracked• Fried• Scrambled

Which action describes a physical change?

F. Boiled

G. Cracked

H. Fried

J. Scrambled