Question Category 1 - WordPress.com · 3. tension at one end and compression at other end 4....

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1In case of buckling, the dispersion of load from bearing plate to neutral axis takes place atChoose one answer.

1. 30 degree2. 60 degree3. 45 degree4. 10 degree

2If 18 mm rivets are used in lacing bars, then minimum width of lacing bars should beChoose one answer.

1. 45 mm2. 50 mm3. 55 mm4. 60 mm

3To keep the intensity of bearing pressure between the column base and concrete, compressive throught the length of the column base, the ratio of the moment M to axial load P should beChoose one answer.

1. <L/32. <L/63. >L/34. >L/6

4The slenderness ratio of lacing bars should not exceedChoose one answer.

1. 1002. 1203. 1804. 145

5The most critical consideration in the design of rolled steel columns carrying axial load is theChoose one answer.

1. percent elongation at yield and the net cross-sectional area2. critical bending strength and axial yield strenght of the material3. buckling strength based on the net area of the section and percent elongation at ultimate load4. compressive strength based on slenderness ratio and gross cross-sectional area of the member

6The effective length of a battened column is increased byChoose one answer.

1. 10%2. 7%3. 12%4. 25%

7Identify the false statement.

Correct Feedback: CorrectIncorrect Feedback: Incorrect

Choose one answer.

1. In the case of an axially loaded column machined for full bearing, the fastenings connecting the column to the base plate in gusseted base are designed for 50% of the column load.

Feedback: Incorrect2. The effective rigid plate allows use of a plastic distribution of the internal forces for calculations at the ultimate limit state.

Feedback: Incorrect3. The thickness of column flange should be greater than the thickness of gusset plate.

Feedback: Correct4. The size of gusset angles should be such that the vertical leg can accommodate two lines of bolt and other leg one.

Feedback: Incorrect

8Angle of inclination of the lacing with the longitudinal axis of the column should preferably be betweenChoose one answer.

1. 10 to 30 degree2. 30 to 80 degree3. 40 to 70 degree4. 20 to 70 degree

9A column splice is used to increaseChoose one answer.

1. length of column2. strength of column3. cross-sectional area of column4. none of these

10A column base is subjected to moment. If the intensity of bearing pressure due to axial load is equal to stress due to moment, then the bearing pressure between the base and concrete isChoose one answer.

1. uniform compression throught2. zero at one end and compression at other end3. tension at one end and compression at other end4. uniform tension throught

11Pick out the incorrect statement.Choose one answer.

1. The effective slenderness ratio of the laced column should he increased by 5%.2. The effective length of a single-angle discontinuous strut connected by more than one bolt or weld is the same.3. The slenderness ratio of compression members is limited to take into account unexpected vibrations.4. Compression members are designed using Merchant Rankine formula.

12Pick up the correct statement.Choose one answer.

1. The function of lacing bars is to equalize the stress distribution in the component members of the column.2. The buckling strength of laced column is smaller than that of solid column.3. Laced columns are economical than battened columns.4. All the above.

13

Match List I with List II for working stress.Match the answers.1. bending about minor axis, plastic and compact sections.

0.66 fy2. bending about minor axis, semi-compact sections

0.60 fy3. subjected pure shear

0.40 fy4. Plates bending about minor axis

0.75 fy

14The members in compression are susceptible to a number of possible buckling modes including (i) Plate buckling (ii) Flexural buckling(iii) Torsional buckling (iv) Torsional flexural buckling (v) Local strength at points of loading

Choose one answer.1. (ii),(iii) and (iv)2. (i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)3. (ii),(iii),(iv) and (v)4. All of them

15Identify the correction statement(s) as regard to cold-formed steel members.

(i) The thin elements subjected to compression in flexural bending and axial compression tend to buckle locally at a stress level lower than the yield point of steel.(ii) The additional load carried by an element after buckling by means f a redistribution of stress is called post buckling strength,(iii) Post-buckling strength is insignificant for elements with large b/t ratios,Choose one answer.

1. (i) and (ii)2. (i) and (iii)3. (ii) and (iii)4. All of them

16The members in compression are susceptible to a number of possible buckling modes including (i)plate buckling (ii)flexural buckling (iii) torsional buckling and (iv) torsional flexural buckling (v)local strength at points of loadingChoose one answer.

1. (ii),(iii) & (iv)2. (i),(ii),(iii) & (iv)3. (ii),(iii),(iv) & (v)4. All of them

17For a strut with given length and end conditions, the max compressive load carrying capacity for the same cross section area and same thickness is provided byChoose one answer.

1. solid section2. Circular hollow section3. Rectangular box(hollow) section4. Square box section

18

Identify the correct statement(s) ; (i)The cross section are classified to determine the extent or influence of local buckling on the section capacity. (ii)The effective length of a member is the length of an equivalent hinged hinged member.(iii) The section is selected so that the difference in two slenderness is the least ; the larger one is used to determine the deshn stress. (iv) The section is so oriented that the axis of smaller radius of gyration qould be braced one.

Choose one answer.1. (i),(ii)& (iii)2. (ii),(iii) & (iv)3. (i),(ii) & (iv)4. All of them

19Identify the false statementChoose one answer.

1. Columns supporting predominantly axial loads are considered to be pin ended.2. The coefficient of friction at the interface between steel base and concrete may be taken as 0.45.3. Grout is provided on the underside of the base plate to disperse the force satisfactorily on to the foundation.4. The max bearing pressure between the base plate and the support underneath should not exceed 0.6 fckwhere fck is smaller of characteristic cube strength of concrete or bedding material.

20To avoid the buckling of top edge of the gusset plate in compression due to upward pressure under the base , its outstand from the edge of the column flange is limited toChoose one answer.

1. 13.6 εt2. 15.7 εt3. 8.7 εt4. 9.7 εt

21The non dimensional slenderness ratio λLT in lateral buckling can be computed fromChoose one answer.

1. (i) only2. (ii) only3. any of them4. none of them


1. The stress reduction factor for an axially loaded compression member depends upon residual stress,initial crookedness, accidental eccentrities of load and type of cross section.

2. A short column can support same load in compression as it can in tension.3. The best location to splice a column is at beam column junction.4. The effective length factor K of columns in braced frames is smaller than one,while for unbraced frame is greater than one.


1. In laced columns,end tie plates are provided to check the distortion of the column sections at ends because of unbalanced horizontal force from lacings.

2. The slenderness ratio of the component members, in case of laced built up columns should not exceed 50 or 0.7 times the unfavourable slenderness ratio of the column as the whole3. For the same configuration and end conditions, a laced column is stronger as compared to the battened columns.4. The effective depth of the end battens should not be less than the 3/4th of the perpendicular distances between centroids of main members.

24Identify the correct statements(s).

(i) The cross sections are classified to determine the extent of influence of local buckling on the section capacity.(ii) The effective length of the member is the length of an equivalent hinged-hinged member.(iii) Section is selected so that the difference in two slenderness ratios is the least; the larger one is used to determine the design stress.(iv) Section is so oriented that the axis of smaller radius of gyration would be the braced one.Choose one answer.

1. (i), (ii) and (iii)2. (ii), (iii) and (iv)3. (i), (ii) and (iv)4. all of them

25To avoid the buckling of the top edge of the gusset plate in compression due to upward pressure under the base, its outstand from the edge of the column flange is limited ro


Choose one answer.1. 13.6 Ɛ t

Feedback: Correct2. 15.7 Ɛ t

Feedback: Incorrect3. 8.7 Ɛ t

Feedback: Incorrect4. 9.7 Ɛ t

Feedback: Incorrect



Choose one answer.1. The stress reduction factor for an axially loaded compression member depends upon residual stresses, initial crookedness, accidental eccentricities of load and type of cross section.

Feedback: Incorrect2. A short column can support same load in compression as it can in tension.

Feedback: Incorrect3. The best location to splice a column is at the beam-column junction.

Feedback: Correct4. The effective length factor K of columns in braced frames in smaller than one, while for unbraced frames greater than one.

Feedback: Incorrect

27Effective length of column effectively held in position and restrained in direction at both ends isChoose one answer.

1. L

2. 0.67 L3. 0.85 L4. 1.5 L

28Effective length of column effectively held in position and restrained in direction at one ends isChoose one answer.

1. L2. 0.67 L3. 0.85 L4. 1.5 L



Choose one answer.1. In laced columns, end tie plates are provided to check the distortion of the column section at ends because of unbalanced horizontal force from lacing.

Feedback: Incorrect2. The slenderness ration of the component members, in case of laced built up columns should not exceed 50 or 0.7 times the favourable slenderness ratio of the column as a whole.

Feedback: Incorrect3. For the same configuration and end conditions, a laced column is stronger as compared to the battened column.

Feedback: Incorrect4. The effective depth of end battens should not be less than 3/4 of the perpendicular distance between centroid of main members.

Feedback: Correct

30Thickness of lacing flats for a single and double lacing system should not be, respectively, less than ____ of the length between the inner end bolts.


Choose one answer.1. (1/40, 1/50)

Feedback: Incorrect2. (1/50. 1/60)

Feedback: Incorrect3. (1/60, 1/70)

Feedback: Incorrect4. (1/40, 1/60)

Feedback: Correct

31To class the outstand element of compression flange of a rolled section and a welded section compact, b/tf ratio should be less than,


Choose one answer.1. (8.4Ɛ, 9.4Ɛ)

Feedback: Incorrect2. (9.4Ɛ, 8.4Ɛ)

Feedback: Incorrect3. (10.5Ɛ, 9.4Ɛ)

Feedback: Correct4. (9.4Ɛ, 10.5Ɛ)

Feedback: Incorrect



Choose one answer.1. At the caps of columns, the lateral deflection due to lateral forces is ordinarily limited to L/235

Feedback: Incorrect2. The design compressive stress stress of an axially loaded compression member as stipulated in 800-2007 is based on Perry Robertson formula.

Feedback: Incorrect3. For a laced column, the effective length should be increased by 10 per cent.

Feedback: Correct4. In s cross section, double unequal angles with longer legs placed back to back will reduce the difference between rz and ry.

Feedback: Incorrect

33Match List I (Types of member) with List II (Slenderness ratio) and select the correct answer.Match the answers.1. A member carrying compressive force due to dead and live loads.

1802. Compression flange of a beam against torsional buckling.

3003. A member normally acting as tie, but not considered effective when subjected to possible compression due to wind or earthquake forces.

3504. A tension member where a reversal of direct stress occurs due to wind or seismic forces.

250

34The most economical section for a column is


Choose one answer.1. Rectangular

Feedback: Incorrect2. solid round

Feedback: Incorrect3. flat strip

Feedback: Incorrect4. tubular section

Feedback: Correct

35The buckling load in steel column isChoose one answer.

1. related to length2. directly proportional to the slenderness ratio3. inverlsy proportional to the slenderness ratio4. non linearity of the slenderness ratio

36Slenderness ratio of a compression member isChoose one answer.

1. Moment of inertia/Radius of Gyration2. Effective length / Area of cross-section

3. Radius of gyration / Effective Length4. Radius of gyration / Area of cross-section

37For a column of height L fixed in position and direction both at its top and bottom, its effective length isChoose one answer.

1. L2. 1/ROOT 2 * L3. L/24. 2L

38Battens provided for a compression member shall be designed to carry a transverse shear equal toChoose one answer.

1. 2.5 % of axial force in member2. 5 % of axial force in member3. 10 % of axial force in member4. 20 % of axial force in member

39A short column subjected to design axial load and design uniaxial moment, if eccentricity (e) is relatively small, column is likely to undergoChoose one answer.

1. tension failure2. compression failure3. shear failure4. None of these

40A lacing coulmn is designed to carry 500 kN axial load. Then total transverse shear resisted by lacing will beChoose one answer.

1. 25 kN2. 6.25 kN3. 12.5 kN4. 15 kN

41In laced columns, end tie plates are provided to:Choose one answer.

1. check the buckling of the column as a Whole2. keep the column components in position3. Check the distortion of the column sections at ends because of unbalanced horizontal force from lacings4. Check the buckling of component column.

42Thickness of lacing flats for single lacing system should not be less than ________ Of the length between the inner end bolts.Choose one answer.

1. L/402. L/503. L/604. L/70

43

For connecting lacing flats to column sections with 18 mm diameter bolt, minimum width of ftat should beChoose one answer.

1. 36 mm2. 54 mm3. 60 mm4. 55 mm

44Which of the following is not a design criterion of a lattice column?Choose one answer.

1. Buckling of the column as a whole2. Buckling of the component column3. Buckling of the individual rolled sections constituting column4. Buckling of lattice member

45Minimum numbers of battens required in a built up column areChoose one answer.

1. 22. 33. 44. 6

46Which one of the following is the most critical set of considerations in the design of rolled steel columns carrying axial loads?Choose one answer.

1. Percent elongation at yield and the net cross-sectional area2. Critical bending strength and axial yield strength of the material3. Buckling strength based on the net area of the section and per cent elongation at ultimate load4. Compressive strength based on slenderness ratio and gross cross-sectional area of the member.

47The slenderness ratio of compression members is limited to account forChoose one answer.

1. The effect of accidental and construction loads2. They may be used as a walkway in braced roof truss system3. Vibrations4. all the above

48The effective length of a column with one end effectively held in position and restrained against rotation but not held in positron at the other end isChoose one answer.

1. 0.65L2. 0.8L3. 1.2L4. 2L

49For the columns of unsupported length L with one end restrained in translation and rotation and the other end restrained in rotation but free to translate, the effective length will beChoose one answer.

1. 0.65L2. 0.8L3. 1.2L

4. 1.5L

50The slenderness ratio of lacing flats is limited toChoose one answer.

1. 3502. 1453. 1804. 250

51Tubular sections form the most economical compression members because tubes:Choose one answer.

1. have high local buckling strength2. have more torsional resistance3. are subjected to less wind force than any other section4. all the above

52Most suitable compression member section for a roof truss isChoose one answer.

1. Single angle2. Double angles placed back to back3. Double angles placed as star4. Tubes

53Which of the following section will be preferred for a Column?Choose one answer.

1. ISLB2. ISMB3. ISWB4. ISHB

54Which of the following is not a compression memberChoose one answer.

1. Strut2. Tie3. Rafter4. Boom

55The basic difference between the determination of the cross section resistance of a class 3 and class 4 sections under direct stresses is (i)for a class 3 section, only an elastic stress distribution over the fully effective cross section is permitted. (ii) for a class 4 slender section an elastic stress distribution over the reduced cross section is considered (iii) for a class 4 slender sections design strength is reducedChoose one answer.

1. (i) & (ii)2. (i) & (iii)3. All of them4. None of them


1. In the case of axially loaded column machined for full bearing, the fastenings conecting the column to the base plate in gusseted base are designed for 50% of the column load.

2. The effective rigid plate allows use of a plastic distribution of the internal forces for calculations at the ultimate limit state.3. The thickness of a column flange should be greater than the thickness of gusset plate.4. The size of gusset angles should be such that the vertical leg can accomodate two lines of bolts and other leg one.

57Thickness of lacing flats for a single and double lacing system should not be,respectively,less than

Choose one answer.1. (l/40, l/50)2. (1/50, l/60)3. (l/60 ,l/70)4. (l/40, l/60)


1. At the caps of columns, the lateral deflection due to lateral forces is ordinarily limited to L/3252. The design compressive stress of an axially loaded compression member as stipulated in IS:800-2007 is based on Perry Robertson formula.3. For a laced column, the effective length should be increased by 10%.4. In a cross section, double unequal angles with longer legs placed back to back will reduce the difference between Rz and Ry.

59The basic difference between the determination of the cross section resistance of a Class 3 and a Class 4 sections under direct stresses is

(i) For a Class 3, only an elastic stress distribution over the fully effective cross section is permitted(ii) For a Class 4 slender section, an elastic stress distribution over the reduced cross section is considered.(iii) For Class 4 slender section design strength is reduced

Choose one answer.1. (i) and (ii)2. (i) and (iii)3. All of them4. None of these

60For a strut with given length and end conditions, the maximum compressive load carrying for the same cross section area and same thickness is provided byChoose one answer.

1. Solid Section2. Circular hollow section3. Rectangle box section4. Square box section

61Identify the false statement.Choose one answer.

1. Columns supporting predominantly axial loads are considered to be pin-ended at the base.

2. The friction coefficient at the interface between steel base and concrete/grout may be taken as 0.45.3. Grout is provided underside of the base plate to disperse the force satisfactorily on the foundation4. The maximum bearing pressure between the base plate and the support underneath should not exceed 0.6 fck where fck is the smaller of characteristic cube strength of concrete or bedding material.

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