LAYOUT OF THE PAPER QUESTION 1 History Archaeology

and Science MULTIPLE CHOICE AND SHORT ANSWER

QUESTION 2 SOCIETY STUDY- Death and Burial

SHORT ANSWER WITH 1 12 MARK RESPONSE

QUESTION 3 Society- City of Rome in the Late Republic SHORT AND EXTENDED RESPONSE

PACING

This is a 2 hour paper to complete 3 topic questions

This allows 40 minutes per topic The mini extended responses should take up at least 20 minutes If the average writing speed is 30 words per minute these responses should be around 600 words

Ancient History requires good memory and strong wrists

YEARLY EXAM STRUCTURE

Question 1 ( similar to HSC core BUT WILL HAVE A broadsheet attached with sources A-F)

There will now be multiple choice questions the number may vary( 7) All multiple choice questions can be answered from the sources

Question 8 will be a describe question for 6 marks Where you are able to use the given source and sources of your own

Question 9 is the 10 mark extended response using one source and your own knowledge explainhelliphellip

EXAM TECHNIQUE

Part 9 will be an extended response worth 10 marks Do not be limited by the space Be limited by your time

Question 1-9 will be completed on the exam paper but backs of pages and spare paper will be given

Extended response questions could be Discuss the significance of helliphellipExplain

the importance of

SYLLABUS DOT POINTS 1 Methods of investigating the historical past bull roles of history and archaeology in investigating the past

complementary nature of both disciplines bull the unique methodologies of the historian and archaeologist

the contribution of written and material remains in providing evidence of the past 2 The nature of sources and evidence bull archaeological and written sources how evidence is lost

preserved and rediscovered bull the nature of evidence provided by written and

archaeological sources complementary and contradictory bull asking questions of archaeological and written sources bull determining the reliability of archaeological and written

sources bull historiographical issues raised by archaeological and written

sources 3 Reconstructing the past the role of sources and

evidence bull reconstructing the past using archaeological and written

sources analysis of sources for use as evidence recognising the provisional nature of the

evidence bull testing hypotheses using types of sources complementary

and contradictory evidence determining authenticity reliability and usefulness of sources bull forensic techniques used to bring together a coherent picture

of a person group event and site problems of authenticity ndash fakes and forgeries bull history of archaeology ndash changing purposes excavations and

recording techniques

bull archaeological conservation and preservation ndash preservation techniques the role of

science and disputation over lsquoreconstruction of historic sitesrsquo bull problems associated with reconstructing the past through

archaeological evidence ndash ancient customs and religious beliefs bull different interpretations of the past bull influence of different perspectives on interpretations of the past bull significance of selectivity emphasis and omission for the interpretation

of the past

4 Current concerns relating to the ethics of the discipline bull Who owns the past Who should administer the past Who presents the

past bull human remains ndash ethical issues involved in their analysis and uses bull cultural property ndash ownership and custodianship 5 The role of science in unlocking the past bull contributions of science and other disciplines to the analysis and

reconstruction of the past ndash biology ndash medicine ndash physics ndash geography ndash geology ndash chemistry ndash computer science ndash mathematics ndash sociology ndash anthropology ndash cartography ndash epigraphy ndash numismatics ndash vulcanology ndash papyrology ndash dating of evidence

SOURCE BASED

POWERPOINTSFINDING AND DATING EVIDENCE

ESSAY STYLE

BIAS- CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS Contextual bias of

author personal social and historical

Gender and Class bias

Bias of ommission

Evidence lost or destroyed renders the past incomplete

HISTORICAL

CONTEXT

SOCIAL CONTEXT

PERSONAL CONTEXT

HISTORIANS

BIAS

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

PACING

This is a 2 hour paper to complete 3 topic questions

This allows 40 minutes per topic The mini extended responses should take up at least 20 minutes If the average writing speed is 30 words per minute these responses should be around 600 words

Ancient History requires good memory and strong wrists

YEARLY EXAM STRUCTURE

Question 1 ( similar to HSC core BUT WILL HAVE A broadsheet attached with sources A-F)

There will now be multiple choice questions the number may vary( 7) All multiple choice questions can be answered from the sources

Question 8 will be a describe question for 6 marks Where you are able to use the given source and sources of your own

Question 9 is the 10 mark extended response using one source and your own knowledge explainhelliphellip

EXAM TECHNIQUE

Part 9 will be an extended response worth 10 marks Do not be limited by the space Be limited by your time

Question 1-9 will be completed on the exam paper but backs of pages and spare paper will be given

Extended response questions could be Discuss the significance of helliphellipExplain

the importance of

SYLLABUS DOT POINTS 1 Methods of investigating the historical past bull roles of history and archaeology in investigating the past

complementary nature of both disciplines bull the unique methodologies of the historian and archaeologist

the contribution of written and material remains in providing evidence of the past 2 The nature of sources and evidence bull archaeological and written sources how evidence is lost

preserved and rediscovered bull the nature of evidence provided by written and

archaeological sources complementary and contradictory bull asking questions of archaeological and written sources bull determining the reliability of archaeological and written

sources bull historiographical issues raised by archaeological and written

sources 3 Reconstructing the past the role of sources and

evidence bull reconstructing the past using archaeological and written

sources analysis of sources for use as evidence recognising the provisional nature of the

evidence bull testing hypotheses using types of sources complementary

and contradictory evidence determining authenticity reliability and usefulness of sources bull forensic techniques used to bring together a coherent picture

of a person group event and site problems of authenticity ndash fakes and forgeries bull history of archaeology ndash changing purposes excavations and

recording techniques

bull archaeological conservation and preservation ndash preservation techniques the role of

science and disputation over lsquoreconstruction of historic sitesrsquo bull problems associated with reconstructing the past through

archaeological evidence ndash ancient customs and religious beliefs bull different interpretations of the past bull influence of different perspectives on interpretations of the past bull significance of selectivity emphasis and omission for the interpretation

of the past

4 Current concerns relating to the ethics of the discipline bull Who owns the past Who should administer the past Who presents the

past bull human remains ndash ethical issues involved in their analysis and uses bull cultural property ndash ownership and custodianship 5 The role of science in unlocking the past bull contributions of science and other disciplines to the analysis and

reconstruction of the past ndash biology ndash medicine ndash physics ndash geography ndash geology ndash chemistry ndash computer science ndash mathematics ndash sociology ndash anthropology ndash cartography ndash epigraphy ndash numismatics ndash vulcanology ndash papyrology ndash dating of evidence

SOURCE BASED

POWERPOINTSFINDING AND DATING EVIDENCE

ESSAY STYLE

BIAS- CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS Contextual bias of

author personal social and historical

Gender and Class bias

Bias of ommission

Evidence lost or destroyed renders the past incomplete

HISTORICAL

CONTEXT

SOCIAL CONTEXT

PERSONAL CONTEXT

HISTORIANS

BIAS

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

YEARLY EXAM STRUCTURE

Question 1 ( similar to HSC core BUT WILL HAVE A broadsheet attached with sources A-F)

There will now be multiple choice questions the number may vary( 7) All multiple choice questions can be answered from the sources

Question 8 will be a describe question for 6 marks Where you are able to use the given source and sources of your own

Question 9 is the 10 mark extended response using one source and your own knowledge explainhelliphellip

EXAM TECHNIQUE

Part 9 will be an extended response worth 10 marks Do not be limited by the space Be limited by your time

Question 1-9 will be completed on the exam paper but backs of pages and spare paper will be given

Extended response questions could be Discuss the significance of helliphellipExplain

the importance of

SYLLABUS DOT POINTS 1 Methods of investigating the historical past bull roles of history and archaeology in investigating the past

complementary nature of both disciplines bull the unique methodologies of the historian and archaeologist

the contribution of written and material remains in providing evidence of the past 2 The nature of sources and evidence bull archaeological and written sources how evidence is lost

preserved and rediscovered bull the nature of evidence provided by written and

archaeological sources complementary and contradictory bull asking questions of archaeological and written sources bull determining the reliability of archaeological and written

sources bull historiographical issues raised by archaeological and written

sources 3 Reconstructing the past the role of sources and

evidence bull reconstructing the past using archaeological and written

sources analysis of sources for use as evidence recognising the provisional nature of the

evidence bull testing hypotheses using types of sources complementary

and contradictory evidence determining authenticity reliability and usefulness of sources bull forensic techniques used to bring together a coherent picture

of a person group event and site problems of authenticity ndash fakes and forgeries bull history of archaeology ndash changing purposes excavations and

recording techniques

bull archaeological conservation and preservation ndash preservation techniques the role of

science and disputation over lsquoreconstruction of historic sitesrsquo bull problems associated with reconstructing the past through

archaeological evidence ndash ancient customs and religious beliefs bull different interpretations of the past bull influence of different perspectives on interpretations of the past bull significance of selectivity emphasis and omission for the interpretation

of the past

4 Current concerns relating to the ethics of the discipline bull Who owns the past Who should administer the past Who presents the

past bull human remains ndash ethical issues involved in their analysis and uses bull cultural property ndash ownership and custodianship 5 The role of science in unlocking the past bull contributions of science and other disciplines to the analysis and

reconstruction of the past ndash biology ndash medicine ndash physics ndash geography ndash geology ndash chemistry ndash computer science ndash mathematics ndash sociology ndash anthropology ndash cartography ndash epigraphy ndash numismatics ndash vulcanology ndash papyrology ndash dating of evidence

SOURCE BASED

POWERPOINTSFINDING AND DATING EVIDENCE

ESSAY STYLE

BIAS- CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS Contextual bias of

author personal social and historical

Gender and Class bias

Bias of ommission

Evidence lost or destroyed renders the past incomplete

HISTORICAL

CONTEXT

SOCIAL CONTEXT

PERSONAL CONTEXT

HISTORIANS

BIAS

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

EXAM TECHNIQUE

Part 9 will be an extended response worth 10 marks Do not be limited by the space Be limited by your time

Question 1-9 will be completed on the exam paper but backs of pages and spare paper will be given

Extended response questions could be Discuss the significance of helliphellipExplain

the importance of

SYLLABUS DOT POINTS 1 Methods of investigating the historical past bull roles of history and archaeology in investigating the past

complementary nature of both disciplines bull the unique methodologies of the historian and archaeologist

the contribution of written and material remains in providing evidence of the past 2 The nature of sources and evidence bull archaeological and written sources how evidence is lost

preserved and rediscovered bull the nature of evidence provided by written and

archaeological sources complementary and contradictory bull asking questions of archaeological and written sources bull determining the reliability of archaeological and written

sources bull historiographical issues raised by archaeological and written

sources 3 Reconstructing the past the role of sources and

evidence bull reconstructing the past using archaeological and written

sources analysis of sources for use as evidence recognising the provisional nature of the

evidence bull testing hypotheses using types of sources complementary

and contradictory evidence determining authenticity reliability and usefulness of sources bull forensic techniques used to bring together a coherent picture

of a person group event and site problems of authenticity ndash fakes and forgeries bull history of archaeology ndash changing purposes excavations and

recording techniques

bull archaeological conservation and preservation ndash preservation techniques the role of

science and disputation over lsquoreconstruction of historic sitesrsquo bull problems associated with reconstructing the past through

archaeological evidence ndash ancient customs and religious beliefs bull different interpretations of the past bull influence of different perspectives on interpretations of the past bull significance of selectivity emphasis and omission for the interpretation

of the past

4 Current concerns relating to the ethics of the discipline bull Who owns the past Who should administer the past Who presents the

past bull human remains ndash ethical issues involved in their analysis and uses bull cultural property ndash ownership and custodianship 5 The role of science in unlocking the past bull contributions of science and other disciplines to the analysis and

reconstruction of the past ndash biology ndash medicine ndash physics ndash geography ndash geology ndash chemistry ndash computer science ndash mathematics ndash sociology ndash anthropology ndash cartography ndash epigraphy ndash numismatics ndash vulcanology ndash papyrology ndash dating of evidence

SOURCE BASED

POWERPOINTSFINDING AND DATING EVIDENCE

ESSAY STYLE

BIAS- CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS Contextual bias of

author personal social and historical

Gender and Class bias

Bias of ommission

Evidence lost or destroyed renders the past incomplete

HISTORICAL

CONTEXT

SOCIAL CONTEXT

PERSONAL CONTEXT

HISTORIANS

BIAS

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

SYLLABUS DOT POINTS 1 Methods of investigating the historical past bull roles of history and archaeology in investigating the past

complementary nature of both disciplines bull the unique methodologies of the historian and archaeologist

the contribution of written and material remains in providing evidence of the past 2 The nature of sources and evidence bull archaeological and written sources how evidence is lost

preserved and rediscovered bull the nature of evidence provided by written and

archaeological sources complementary and contradictory bull asking questions of archaeological and written sources bull determining the reliability of archaeological and written

sources bull historiographical issues raised by archaeological and written

sources 3 Reconstructing the past the role of sources and

evidence bull reconstructing the past using archaeological and written

sources analysis of sources for use as evidence recognising the provisional nature of the

evidence bull testing hypotheses using types of sources complementary

and contradictory evidence determining authenticity reliability and usefulness of sources bull forensic techniques used to bring together a coherent picture

of a person group event and site problems of authenticity ndash fakes and forgeries bull history of archaeology ndash changing purposes excavations and

recording techniques

bull archaeological conservation and preservation ndash preservation techniques the role of

science and disputation over lsquoreconstruction of historic sitesrsquo bull problems associated with reconstructing the past through

archaeological evidence ndash ancient customs and religious beliefs bull different interpretations of the past bull influence of different perspectives on interpretations of the past bull significance of selectivity emphasis and omission for the interpretation

of the past

4 Current concerns relating to the ethics of the discipline bull Who owns the past Who should administer the past Who presents the

past bull human remains ndash ethical issues involved in their analysis and uses bull cultural property ndash ownership and custodianship 5 The role of science in unlocking the past bull contributions of science and other disciplines to the analysis and

reconstruction of the past ndash biology ndash medicine ndash physics ndash geography ndash geology ndash chemistry ndash computer science ndash mathematics ndash sociology ndash anthropology ndash cartography ndash epigraphy ndash numismatics ndash vulcanology ndash papyrology ndash dating of evidence

SOURCE BASED

POWERPOINTSFINDING AND DATING EVIDENCE

ESSAY STYLE

BIAS- CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS Contextual bias of

author personal social and historical

Gender and Class bias

Bias of ommission

Evidence lost or destroyed renders the past incomplete

HISTORICAL

CONTEXT

SOCIAL CONTEXT

PERSONAL CONTEXT

HISTORIANS

BIAS

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

BIAS- CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS Contextual bias of

author personal social and historical

Gender and Class bias

Bias of ommission

Evidence lost or destroyed renders the past incomplete

HISTORICAL

CONTEXT

SOCIAL CONTEXT

PERSONAL CONTEXT

HISTORIANS

BIAS

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

ARCHAEOLOGICAL BIAS

Contextual bias Inferential bias

Syria Tell Fakhariyahca 1300-1000 BCGypsum painted inlaid with bitumen and stonemale - 335 cm H 100 cm Wfemale - 297 cm H 110 cm W

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSSource 2

What can this artifact tell you about the society that made it 100 wordsWhat assumptions do we make in our interpretations

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

FINDING AND DATINGFINDING DATING

Chance Relative-Stratigraphy

Ground Surveys seriation

Aerial Surveys Absolute-Radio Carbonorganic

Ground Penetrating Radar Thermoluminescencepottery

Magnetometer Potassium ArgonRocks and minerals

Satellite radar Dendrochronologywood

Sonar Electro Spin Resonancepottery minerals teeth shell

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

ACKNOWLEDGING BIAS

ldquo Despite Caesarrsquos obvious self promotion his description of the battle provides us with valuable information onhelliphelliprdquo

ldquo Plutarchrsquos view of Cleopatra is obviously colored by the gender and class bias of his time ( cultural context)rdquo

ldquoMary Hays counters the male view of Agrippina with an equally biased feminist viewpointhelliprdquo

Despite the fragmentary nature of the artefact we can safely conclude that

The decontextual nature of the artefact renders a conclusion impossible However a tentative hypothesis could be made thathellip

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER Always back up

your answer with specific details and specific archaeological examples

Eg Dead Sea Scrolls Turin Shroud Terracotta Warriors

If Ethical issues be specific

OWNERSHIP AND DISPLAY OF REMAINS

Egyptian legislation on displaying the Dead

Ownership-Kow Swamp Aboriginal remains

Elgin Marbles Cultural Property and

looting

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

YOU BE THE BOARD

In pairs create a 3 6 and 10 mark question drawn from the dot points

Swap with the pair nearest you who will attempt to provide a dot point answer to each question

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

DEATH AND BURIAL

Lindow Man Grauballe Man Windeby Girl Tollund Man ndash places of discovery dating

of finds bull events surrounding discovery of the bodies preservation of the bodies

in the peat bogs possible causes of death various hypotheses based on forensic evidence

and other sources bull reconstructing the lifestyle of these individuals physical appearance

clothing evidence of the environment possible cause of death associated rituals bull comparison with other finds of a similar nature Ice Man mummified

Scythians Inuit boy Peruvian mummies Egyptian examples bull religious beliefs and customs associated with burial practices of this

nature bull role of science and written sources in reconstructing the past

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

WHAT CAN WE TELL

Inference What Can We Learn 1048708 Demographic structure of population 1048708 Height body size relatedness 1048708 Everyday life 1048708 Subsistence 1048708 Disease and health 1048708 Stress (physical dietary) 1048708 Beliefs- passage to and afterlife values beauty

status of women 1048708 Status 1048708 Trade and migration

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL

Pathology ndashHealth and Disease 1048708 The Paradox 1048708 ldquoHealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have died of serious acute infections 1048708 ldquoUnhealthyrdquo looking skeletons May have been strong enough to survive multiple insults to health 1048708 Wersquore looking at DEAD populations ndash not living ones 1048708 Disease we can see in bone 1048708 Long-standing chronic conditions 1048708 Include infection dietary deficiency degenerative

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

BURIALS

Burial remains as evidence

SkeletonsHealth

disease

TombArt

ampArchitectureCraft skills

Tomb goodsEconomy

SPECIALIZATIONLOCALIMPORTED

PRODUCTS

Values and beliefs about life and death

Social classesStatus Power

GENDER ROLESINHERITANCE

PATTERNS

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

LIMITATIONS OF BURIALS

Grave goods

PURPOSEWere they meant as a votive offering to the

gods or were they needed in the afterlife

OWNERSHIPDid they belong to the deceased or

to the mourners

INTERPRETATIONDo the grave goods reflect

the deceased life or merely tributes to the

deceased from the attending mourners

Can the burial under study be taken as

representative of the population as a whole

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

EXAMPLES

RICH ATHENIAN LADY NATUFIAN BURIAL Tomb of Naevola Tyche Royal graves at UR or others that you

researched You may also draw on celtic burials

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

CASE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL

This year there are three short answer questions- 5 8 and 12 marks

5 mark requires you to briefly describe Do not waste time on this 10-15 lines with specific description will give you full marks

Explain will need higher order statements which reference varying perspectives

The 12 mark is also explain but requires you to show a greater breadth of specific knowledge

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

CAN YOU USE ICE MAN

Ice Man can be used as a supporting source but should not be the main focus

You must show a comprehensive knowledge of other sources eg Rich Athenian Lady Bog Bodies etc

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

With reference to specific sources explain what death and burial practices tell us about the Society

ldquoBurials have been described as containing more information per cubic meter than any other archaeological featuresrdquo

Explain this statement with reference to specific sources

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

COMPLETE A STRUCTURED PLAN TO ANSWER A

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

SOCIETY STUDY-CITY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four questions 3 4 6 and 12 marks 3 mark will always be a What is or

Define 4 MARK will be describe 6 mark will be explain 12 mark will have an attached source

( usually visual) where the question says With reference to the source and other evidence you have studied explain

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

STUDY THE DOT POINTS IDENTIFY POSSIBLE 4810 MARK QUESTIONS

the geographical features rivers hills marshes the water system drains Cloaca Maxima the Forum Romanum the Via Sacra (road) the Regia Temple of Vesta the Curia Temple of Saturn

Basilica Aemilia Basilica Julia the Rostra the Tabularium the Comitium main features and purposes of the buildings

activities in the Forum politics administration religion courts theatre gladiatorial displays triumphs speeches funerals

the area of the Campus Martius buildings Circus Flaminius Villa Publica Altar of Mars Pompeyrsquos theatre military training ground

the Circus Maximus main features and uses

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

PRACTICE QUESTION 8 MARKSWITH REFERENCE TO THE SOURCE AND YOUR OWN KNOWLEDGE EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTERTAINMENT TO ROMANS OF THE LATE REPUBLIC

Four horse and two horse chariot races where drivers usually slaves wrapped reigns around waist

Teams were red blue white and green

Winners were awarded laurel wreaths and their freedom

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

WHAT ELSE

Gladiators Theatres Gambling Bathing Dining For the 8 mark question 2 or 3 sources

of evidence should be incliuded

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

PLANNING A RESPONSE

Opening paragraph which addresses the question

Problems of evidence lack of archaeological remains Other useful sources

Paragraphs on Social political and economic functions

EVIDENCE MUST BE INCLUDED

No evidence no 10-12 marks

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE

Introductions are always minimal- one or 2 sentences at the most Always allude to problems of evidence and change over time

Each paragraph contains an aspect of Celtic society supported by at least 1 archaeological or written source

Again the Conclusion should sum upA 12 mark question should be around

500 words

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES

USING THE DOT POINTS ON THE SYLLABUS CREATE A 3 4 6 AND 12 MARK QUESTION

GOOD LUCK

• Layout of the paper
• PACING
• YEARLY eXAm Structure
• Exam technique
• Syllabus dot points
• Bias- conscious and unconscious
• Archaeological bias
• Slide 8
• Finding and dating
• Acknowledging Bias
• HOW TO NAIL AN ANSWER
• YOU BE THE bOARD
• Death and burial
• WHAT Can we tell
• WHAT CANrsquoT WE TELL
• burials
• Limitations of burials
• examples
• caSE STUDY- DEATH AND BURIAL
• Can you use Ice Man
• Types of questions
• Complete a structured plan to answer a
• Society Study-City of Rome in the Late Republic
• Study the dot points Identify possible 4810 mark questions
• Practice question 8 marks With reference to the source and your
• What else
• Planning a response
• HOW TO STRUCTURE A MINI REPONSE
• YOU BE THE BOARD OF STUDIES