Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing...

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak of the Civil War. What factors fostered the emergence of "republican motherhood" and the "cult of domesticity"? Assess the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women during this period. In your answer be sure to consider issues of race and class. Use the documents and your knowledge of the time period in constructing your response. The 8-9 Essay Contains a well-developed thesis that examines the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the Civil War and assesses the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women. Supports the thesis with an effective analysis of these ideals (republican motherhood, cult of domesticity), the reasons for their emergence, and the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women, considering issues of race and class. May be stronger on some aspects than others. Effectively uses a substantial number of documents. Supports thesis with substantial and relevant outside information. May contain minor errors. Is clearly organized and well written. The 5-7 Essay Contains a thesis that addresses the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution and the Civil War and addresses the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women. Has limited or implicit analysis of these ideals, the reasons for their emergence, and the extent to which they influenced the lives of women. Some aspects may be imbalanced or omitted. Effectively uses some documents. Supports thesis with some relevant outside information. May have errors that do not seriously detract from the quality of the essay. Shows acceptable organization and writing; language errors do not interfere with the comprehension of the essay. The 2-4 Essay Contains a limited or undeveloped thesis. Lacks analysis; deals with the question in a general, simplistic, incomplete, or superficial manner. Merely paraphrases, quotes, or briefly cites documents. Contains little outside information, or information that is inaccurate or irrelevant. May contain major errors. May be poorly organized and/or poorly written. The 0-1 Essay Lacks a thesis or simply restates the question. Exhibits inadequate or incorrect understanding of the question. Has little or no understanding of the documents or ignores them completely. Contains no outside information. © 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Visit apcentral.collegeboard.com (for AP professionals) and www.collegeboard.com/apstudents (for students and parents). 2

Transcript of Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing...

Page 1: Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak

AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1-Document-Based Question

Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak of the Civil War. What factors fostered the emergence of "republican motherhood" and the "cult of domesticity"? Assess the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women during this period. In your answer be sure to consider issues of race and class. Use the documents and your knowledge of the time period in constructing your response.

The 8-9 Essay • Contains a well-developed thesis that examines the changing ideals of American

womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the Civil War and assesses the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women.

• Supports the thesis with an effective analysis of these ideals (republican motherhood, cult of domesticity), the reasons for their emergence, and the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women, considering issues of race and class. May be stronger on some aspects than others.

• Effectively uses a substantial number of documents. • Supports thesis with substantial and relevant outside information. • May contain minor errors. • Is clearly organized and well written.

The 5-7 Essay • Contains a thesis that addresses the changing ideals of American womanhood between the

American Revolution and the Civil War and addresses the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women.

• Has limited or implicit analysis of these ideals, the reasons for their emergence, and the extent to which they influenced the lives of women. Some aspects may be imbalanced or omitted.

• Effectively uses some documents. • Supports thesis with some relevant outside information. • May have errors that do not seriously detract from the quality of the essay. • Shows acceptable organization and writing; language errors do not interfere with the

comprehension of the essay.

The 2-4 Essay • Contains a limited or undeveloped thesis. • Lacks analysis; deals with the question in a general, simplistic, incomplete, or superficial

manner. • Merely paraphrases, quotes, or briefly cites documents. • Contains little outside information, or information that is inaccurate or irrelevant. • May contain major errors. • May be poorly organized and/or poorly written.

The 0-1 Essay • Lacks a thesis or simply restates the question. • Exhibits inadequate or incorrect understanding of the question. • Has little or no understanding of the documents or ignores them completely. • Contains no outside information.

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1-Docwnent-Based Question (continued)

• May contain substantial factual errors. • Is poorly organized and/or poorly written.

The-Essay • Is blank or completely off task

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 Document Information and Inferences

Document A: Letter written by a Philadelphia woman, 1776

Document Information: • The letter writer restrained spending. • She relied on homemade products. • Committment to public good and freedom.

Document Inferences: • Women boycotted English goods. • Women supported nonimportation and nonconsumption agreements. • Women participated in the American Revolution by manufacturing many of their own items. • Women were committed to the cause of freedom. • Boycotts may have been prevalent among affluent women.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Deborah Sampson "Remember the ladies ... " Votes for women in some states (briefly) Daughters of Liberty

Abigail Adams Molly Pitcher Camp followers Home manufacturing

Document B: Benjamin Rush, Thoughts Upon Female Education, 1787

Document Information: • Every citizen has a stake in liberty. • Women should be educated so they can instruct "their sons in the principles of liberty and

government."

Document Inferences: • The American Revolution led to expanded support for women's educational opportunities. • The idea of republican motherhood began to emerge after the Revolution. • Women shared a responsibility in educating citizens. • Women served a limited but expanding political function.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

The academy movement Oberlin College Mary Wollstonecraft Philadelphia Young Ladies Academy

Mary Lyon/Mount Holyoke Emma Willard Troy/Female Seminary Catharine Beecher/Hartford Female Seminary Prudence Crandall

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 Document Information and Inferences (continued)

Document C: Occupations of Women Wage Earners in Massachusetts, 1837

Document Information: • The leading occupations for women wage earners in Massachusetts were making hats,

textiles, boots, and shoes. • Women also worked in domestic service, teaching, and garment making.

Document Inferences: • Women were part of the paid work force. • Limited occupations were available for women. • Women's occupations reflected traditional women's roles.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Lowell (mill) girls Cult of true womanhood

Lowell/Waltham factory system Separate spheres

Document D: Letter written by a factory worker, 1839

Document Information: • She initially thought she would not advise others to do it. • She has come to have positive feelings toward factory work. • Women comprise a portion of the industrial work force. • She boarded with a family. • Some women changed occupations to become factory workers.

Document Inferences: • Some women viewed factory work as beneath their dignity. • Some women viewed factory work as temporary. • Previous occupations reflected traditional women's roles. • Women recruited other women to work in factories.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Lowell girls Lowell/Waltham factory system Cult of true womanhood Worker-run newspapers (Lowell Offering)

Separate spheres Putting-out system "Turning out" (early strikes, 1830's) Immigrant women

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 Document Information and Inferences (continued)

Document E: Margaret Fuller, Woman in the Nineteenth Century, 1845

Document Information: • Calls for equal opportunities with men. • Calls for increased freedom for women to promote personal growth. • The education of women should go beyond making them better companions and mothers. • A woman needs the freedom to develop fully.

Document Inferences: • The notion of separate spheres constrained the potential of women. • Some women challenged the notions of separate spheres and the cult of domesticity. • Education of women should develop their full potential. • Some women challenged traditional roles, which they saw as constraining.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

The Dial Separate spheres Lucretia Mott Female seminaries

Transcendentalism Elizabeth Cady Stanton Harriet Beecher Stowe Seneca Falls

Document F: Sarah Bagley, "The Ten Hour System and Its Advocates," Voice of Industry, January 16, 1846

Document Information: • Society tells women that free institutions depend on women forming and molding men and

children into virtuous, intelligent beings. • The expectation of society is that these same women will engage in long hours of factory

work

Document Inferences: • Society's expectations of motherhood were hypocritical for wage-earning women. • Industry exploited women. • Some women were frustrated by the gap between the ideals of womanhood and reality.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Lowell girls Cult of true womanhood Separate spheres "Turning out" (early strikes, 1830's)

Lowell/Waltham factory system Immigrant women Putting-out system Worker-run newspapers (Lowell Offering)

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 Document Information and Inferences (continued)

Document G: 11Woman, and the 'Woman's Movement,"' Putnam's monthly magazine of American literature, science and art, March 1853

Document Information: • Women are the guardians of men's humanity. • Women are inferior to men in passion, intellect, and strength; a status that does not belittle women. • Natural inequality is the basis of women's blessing to men.

Document Inferences: • Despite their intellectual inferiority, women played an exalted role as moral guardians. • The ideal of American womanhood was subordination. • Women's roles were to protect and nurture men. • There was opposition to the "woman's movement" for equality.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

understands cult of domesticity Seneca Falls Convention (1848) Lucretia Matt Susan B. Anthony Women's suffrage proposed

Separate spheres Elizabeth Cady Stanton Amelia Bloomer Declaration of Sentiments Godey's Lady's Book

Document H: Harriet Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, published in 1861

Document Information: • Owners thought of slaves as property. • Jacobs' owner abused her. • The law did not protect slaves. • Slave owners' wives did not protect slave women. • Slave owners' wives felt jealousy and rage toward slave women.

Document Inferences: • The ideals of American womanhood were not extended to slaves. • Slave women were sexually abuse and felt helpless to prevent it. • Slave owners' wives had to endure the infidelity of their husbands. • There was a major gap between the ideals of womanhood and the reality of a slave woman's life.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Abolitionist movement American Anti-Slavery Society Sojourner Truth Elizabeth Cady Stanton London Anti-Slavery Conference Harriet Beecher Stowe/Uncle Tom's Cabin

Grimke sisters Harriet Tubman/Underground Railroad Lucretia Mott Catharine Beecher Lydia Maria Child

William Lloyd Garrison's acceptance of women in the abolition movement

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 Document Information and Inferences (continued)

Document I: Letters written by a frontier woman in Iowa to relatives, 1861

Document Information: • Hired hands sometimes helped farmers. • Women worked in the fields. • She believed her work was acceptable as a man's.

Document Inferences: • Women worked in the fields due to necessity and a shortage oflabor. • Necessity sometimes forced frontier women outside their traditional roles. • Women sometimes did the same type of work as men on the frontier. • Women on the frontier aspired to the cult of domesticity. • There was a gap between the ideals of womanhood and life on the frontier.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Separate spheres Narcissa Whitman Westward migration

Greater equality for women in the West Wyoming vote (1869)

Document J: H. L. Stephens, The Parting, 1863

Document Information: • Depicts sale of only part of a slave family.

Document Inferences: • Slave families were often separated. • Slave families did not have stability. • There was a gap between the ideals of American womanhood and the experiences of slave women. • The cult of domesticity did not apply to slave women. • The slave system was brutal.

Potential outside information triggered by document:

Harriet Tubman Sojourner Truth Grimke sisters Elizabeth Cady Stanton Harriet Beecher Stowe/Uncle Tom's Cabin

Underground Railroad "Ar'n't I a woman ... " Lucretia Mott Slave auctions Lydia Maria Child

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AP® UNITED STATES HISTORY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 Document Information and Inferences (continued)

Potential Outside Information List: (alphabetical order):

"Ar'n't I a woman ... " "Remember the ladies ... " "Turning out" (1830's early strikes) Abolitionist movement Academy movement Adams, Abigail American Anti-Slavery Society Anthony, Susan B. Beecher, Catharine/Hartford Female Seminary Bloomer, Amelia Camp followers Chandler, Elizabeth Child, Lydia Maria Cold Water Army Crandall, Prudence Cult of true womanhood Daughters of Liberty Declaration of Sentiments Dix, Dorothea Douglass, Frederick Female missionary societies Female Moral Reform Society Garrison, William Lloyd Godey's Lady's Book Greater equality on the frontier Grimke sisters Home manufacturing Immigrant women Lee, Mother Ann London Anti-Slavery Conference Lowell girls Lowell/Waltham factory system Lyon, Mary/Mount Holyoke Martha Washington societies Mormons Matt, Lucretia Mount Holyoke

Oberlin College Oneida Phelps, Elizabeth Philadelphia Young Ladies Academy Pitcher, Molly Polygamy Putting-out system Sampson, Deborah Second Great Awakening Sedgewick, Catherine Seneca Falls Convention Separate spheres Shakers Slave auctions Sojourner Truth Stanton, Elizabeth Cady Stone, Lucy Stowe, Harriet Beecher/Uncle Tom's

Cabin Temperance movement The Dial Transcendentalism Troy Female Seminary/Emma Willard Tubman, Harriet Underground Railroad Votes for women in some states (briefly

after American Revolution) Warner, Susan Whitman, Narcissa Willard, Emma Wollstonecraft, Mary Women writers (Sedgwick, Phelps, Warner) Women's suffrage proposed Worker-run newspapers (Factory Girl,

Lowell Offering) Wyoming vote (1869)

Note: Demonstrated understanding of republican motherhood and/or cult of domesticity is outside information.

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Circle the Section n question number you are answering on this page.

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~ ~ ~ " "'h ~ t'• ~ ""t-\ h -\\u 'l'r (Y\C.\ \\ <-, o\ ~ h \,.>~· ~ \ C.t1 <i-- GV\ e.\ . I

'n(r-'~ ~v., ~\.Q.. .• \\.\.. \toN'~....,... w~\e. ~\ -h, k'. -frcc.f! J . "':r\\l r.; ~ 1-v~+n <~-e~ ~ a-... A· t.:- au .dilr \ .... ...\.~ wc:-1"'"\(J;.rct.:· o-1'""-V\ v-~ s .. :d,... h:....:.... -. C',...

r '-'\ "\ ru\- ·\'u.,. 5 t.'\.l... I S";"' ~..,.._I <..f' s \ • ..r-.._r Jlr.cl """"J.' ·,<r"' ~"" ~ ~ -!Ito l. ~ \x_,\V"\ ~ Jh,.-\ ~"-'<I~ (;:1'--.t_ '"~ J... S' .. u \\ 0..-<.1-- Sv"h :..S ~ £-) rl'"""'\ ~}0.,., t~l!<, \ ~ ~vt. c c.r et., t. (.,

1 .

J J .

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Page 15: Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak

Circle the Section II question number you are answering on~ page.

Mandatory Part B - Circle one Pan C- Circle one

1 2 or 3 4 or 5

~ ~,.J./\'s. c ~~ ~ r-.crv-~ f"' t\:~ \ (,''"-"'t'

OV\~ S-t \(..C,.e,.~""C.·r- o<.. r~ lf'.'~L 'Jt.u\,s if\ Dov--+ I-\ w-trt ~ <'"Lt ~ "\\ O"'l.Jc\u.,k "'""""k-- c, b ~ \.. • .~-..... "-J hi. I p\.u s v 1t -1\N" q\..v,._ ~~ t=" ... )~ "~ '{r,>r..j.t ,, • S'\ 1-v-U' ~ ~ .. .}3-o c..J S"o-MI.~ (Jv.v..

~-\ \9.-~. \\,"" \. tv ~ ~ v v ,· )."'lJ·r r ~ ~J\' s"' a- "~ ~ Gr- -t.\\ ~ INIV\ J k J. ~{. 1'\,k_ St'M.L ~ +~W\\(Vv\ . 1\1~ ~" k. J\-]~. ~vMP\t

-:1,. j=.....r-\=b ~~<.t~~ "'~ " ~s ~<~.S~~ ~trt.cl ~ Mfv) .{. ~G ·wvl-< {v­

~~"" cr-rV-~ ~"VfN:\,9£· w~ \-~ r--..ov-.. "'"" ~ \-tf\., ~ w~ -k,~ CM.r

er...l ~~ 6.\\.t.. ~~ c"~fl.\ks ~ sk~~ ~r~ .Sc,...AJ... j~6s "'~lo.. -""'~ .. \rvhr ~ ~ f-.\\}._ +1) ou -\-~ rNAJ.... us-~ {,~~ SoML1v'Mf J.J ;~ ~tt:v-,

-~ -\~ ys+ o.l\ h\,+ r....l agcvu\ -l'n<>-1- ±<j S\-\e\ k -<.N• \ ..r ~ "" SoL~\"'-\ •

\

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Page 16: Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak

Circle the Section II question number you are answering on ~page.

Part B - Circle one I Part C - Circle one

2 or 3 4 r 5 .f ~3

JhRe jclQ.oJ.S or &mgxica.n womanhood dy_r,ng th~.··ttmes

P. ro tn the. A=mo rii~.a n rltALOI u han to the. CA vii Wa.cr greQfflJ

10f'1urnc£d nu. liver of women, Wamtn wr..re. afttn thouqhr or or se.rvantr or .clavcf and had ~e.w, if Ctl1fj1 rigbtf, "lhe':l we.re. hot t.onS'(de.r.e.d c.jtjuae rAnd eould not vote. BtJ tht Civil

Wo.rJ th ( n QS bad bf 91LD to cho.nqt} than ICS to t-ht. st-art or rr.fo r m mo V{me n tS. However, tbe.ft was &!111 a. 1on"g wo<J tf>

go for lAlO m t n 1S .c u Pf raqe.. Du . .r;og the, ·hme, a£ HlP. Amtrican rz.e..valutz"ou, rvomen

were, Ste.n 11.r yery Jflfert'oc to men and dnlf§Oitl foe hnu.r~.eworJ<. Sine.~ ·men onry ,rtJw wt1men at wtvec a r: properirJJ women OHca reqartied them.re,/ve.r a! £/ave£, In ()ae&unrot A, (J Pht'ladelphia woman tln.:fJhaJ'ittJ' how crlut Ff.e,}~ tnrtaved. Thtl1AUU rrue · fnr man'! UldWtlO ol /izi.~ h·me.. This may nof hav~ bleD trru, for tvtopne1 thdugb. Om, /Kamnle- a£ thi.( j.f /thiga;t AdatnJ'. ~Vhile her huchruuf. , r ~

John Adam~ /Nf1lf at the f.onsirtu·h'onaJ Conven ftiJn J ,che. war tonCfflnHa :rend/ag 11/m le_ilt.rC In "Rti77Uhbtc +he LadlecC.''

\1

O+ber wo rn.en alto had fhiJ ioftr,tehee, ,·n .J.helr hurhand:r [lver. It iS p-eople. IO:e !th1gail AJarn.r 1111h" cautd havb

( ta r tf.c! re Fo t m 01,)3 I II. 01 '11 f,G r1 f1 {b r tu b (,{ 1-t.l!f; rna rt)l aut.f1

want to teep r&omtn dt;me£hc · htccntr-e. thee; Ill. felt th4.t

f.tUomtn LvP tc. Wtcd(e_c Clnd r.ou fd not t'o hr tfza.t rw.n dtd v

Ont. c'Jf the. b;qeprr- rrcuer. brt'Vqh.t (.Uf} ,.n 1-ha:c. dr.tC.V01~111r' f • ~

R Cnee ta Uy Cfn rum e rdf 8 etnd f. is· that tva men are llze~ I I

main .(Olrt rc.t. llf t.dttCti-fton We fh.tlr .Cans hlkl tr!OinfQ

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Page 17: Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak

Circle the Section II question number you are-.answering on 1Jm page.

Pw B - Circle one / Part C- Circle one

2 r 3 4 or 5

IC

Z~3

(&tnrtdf do 1-he ramtt /dbf a c /heir ron.e. Ia ord.er .f.c ; .

rtach th{..tf kid.£,. mothf,rJ' muu· hl educa.fed ill t-he

p r c·au·pleJ fJ f ((berhj and . go ve ro rne.n 1j rfJf1Ct f11a.t- if Mlh a.t fhUj l{ae,h fhl/r cani. If f.c onl(j logicn.[ tbenJ ltzaf the. moHzere .wa uld alra hi< tapa hi& al' dalllg .Jhl.l Jahr their sonr da. HOWlVl.Yj J'rl a (jaVrt:fnme--n-t . and .d(tCi&ty run P'1 mt.[J} Wdmtn tuauld-eon+law. frq rtrna{ft tiz.f'erlqr and

a/tJmeftt'c. Howe.ve.0 fh&fP tc ane. f!Oad ftz/n!l a6aut mllfhe,r.r I duca ft'og thtt' c cron £, ]hta W 0 Wf] fa 0 .Jea(I,J,. fhetr rraa,f good momlr a.9d the imporMaee. tJI women. 1£ .Jht_y ClJ v !d da Urif; 1 f j,r pa.Cfih/e, fb at the ·t1 ettt tpnerat(u n crl' £aomen equid fJI'ia fhu'G Tl'ght:r, hr/th .rympaHzeJtr. men i#Jr.e/Jz ia · fb "-' 9 a Jt.Y n men f,

. In th& /Rno:r) a.c the (!lvil bla r apprt2ach es wam en

(a Je., lfOO!r IMomen ccr~ tal;..{asr cidvanf(lqe. q£ app.11rtunih'er lo w rt •n fucmrit£. Wamtn tl!Y .rh/1 tOfcn·dr til th~ eactOtjl:£) VVflb \e.CC pay (JOel (.OOt(t. conl1.itz·qn~ buf it f.r

Ctn ~~Ot.prove.mtot As l\'tOfe women l-fttri Wortioq fn

move.I'Yle.nH' btq1r1 o~ WQruen .Cqlstp up and rpwt aut

lht fdtals of wam.ro Orf. oLeo diffr.rrnf ·bared 6n

rare- and c lnu. ~lart wf!Yll!r, or thii' ha"' flavrJ, we,re,

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Page 18: Question 1-Document-Based Question€¦ · Question 1-Document-Based Question Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770's) and the outbreak

Circle the Section II question number you,are answering on this page.

Mmry Part B - Circle one Part C- Circle one

2 or 3 4 or 5 -80 t11e. LU or \:1 d fn tha. h_ou r.e.\ , Dtbo r.r '~'~ere. -force d. fn wax t lonq &Q<~S )'a t\1P .f,elds. Thty alf~ had tittfl, ,f any, beedtb <'..a a. l.lnd e..ducaHoYl. &mo nq bl h itt: wa rata) idea r.r '"''<r¢

d1'fkrtnt o..m ong rAa££t t i 1 p,o:tr ·cla r.r 1DrOmtl) Wf.C.f ±Ju mort d.eml.fh't. btrau.r-e. thPij bctd olavcr Qnd CAUid S(rly t'o.r(dtt and dr> bau.GJwarJ; flit day. La IALP.r c{aJ,r

wom.tn 1 pa rb'Nlla.r£1 th~ wlv-e£ 1 o.p .flarme.r.P1 utten had 1-o wtt r: t a.:la.ng .cic/e, fht.ir h u£ba.nd,r and Son.£. Tht.ft-w lfmtn fe n ded +c1 bL m art: a.ppre u'a.-t.ed by ~ la

· lht.ir c~ rarnuhiH'eJ. Nanlf af th,P<.te lam/1/r,r Uvtd in fbL

(A l<l{U'f: a.ncl m(Jfly tndmfO move_cf !..J)e,fl- lwpln~J -1-d (}" r'4

~~·qw . .r. As a rerfl.,lt) +~e WA ,e1fl-leJ 'n +ht we,t lokr /oer:t~ mt th£ .f!t.i'crt to tprt warnuz btL nglztr.

A- rth o ugh th£ L'I/O mtn at th,-S ifrru ~rt'td nP rer bod

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