Question 1 Chapter 2 : Cell Structure and cell · PDF filePERFECT SCORE FORM 4 (MODULE 1) 2010...

PERFECT SCORE FORM 4 (MODULE 1) 2010

1

Question 1

Chapter 2 : Cell Structure and cell organisation

Learning outcome: � State the functions of the cellular components in an animal cell

� State the functions of the cellular components in a plant cell

� Compare and contrast an animal cell and a plant cell

� Relate the density of certain organelles with the functions of specific cells.

Diagram 1 shows organelle A, B and C that are found in a cell.

Diagram 1

(a) Name structure X, Y and Z.

X: ………………………………………………………………………………………

Y: ………………………………………………………………………………………

Z: ………………………………………………….……………………………………

[3 marks]

(b) Name and state the functions of

(i) Organelle A : ………………………..………..……………………………………..

Function : ……………………………….........................................................

(ii) Organelle B : ………………………………………………….……………………..

Function : ……………………………….……………………………………….

[4 mark]

Organelle A Organelle B

Organelle C

1(a)

1(b)(i)(ii)


2

(c) Name a cell in a leaf where the organelles C are most abundantly found.

Give a reason for your answer.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(d) Organelles A and B on Diagram 1 involve in synthesis of enzyme. Explain how an

enzyme is produced.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………….……………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….……….

…………………………………………………………………………………………….. [3 marks]

1(c)

1(d)

Total


3

Question 2

Chapter 3 : Movement of Substances Across Plasma Membrane

Learning outcome :

• Explain the movement of substances across the plasma membrane through the process of passive

transport

• Explain the movement of substances across the plasma membrane through the process of active

transport

Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2 show two different types of movement of substances

across the plasma membrane.

(a) On Diagram 2.1, label the following structures :

• Phospholipid bilayer, with letter P

• Carrier protein, with letter Q

[1 marks]

Diagram 2.1

Diagram 2.2

2 (a)


4

(b) State two characteristics of the phospholipid bilayer.

1. ...................................................................................................................

2. ...................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(c) (i) State the process of the movement of substances across the plasma

membrane as shown in Diagram 2.1.

........................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Glucose molecules are transported across the plasma membrane into the

cell through the process shown in Diagram 2.1. Explain why.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(d) (i)Name the process of the movement of substances across the plasma

membrane as shown in Diagram 2.2.

..............................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) If the substances in Diagram 2.2 are calcium ions, describe how they

are transported outside the cell.

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [3 marks]

2 (b)

2 (c)(i)

2 (c)(ii)

Total

2(d)(i)

2 (d)(ii)


5

Question 3

Chapter 4 : Chemical Composition of the cell

Learning outcome :

� State the various structures of proteins

� Explain the meaning of essential amino acids and non essential amino acids.

� Explain the uses of enzymes in daily life and industry using example

Diagram 3 shows structure of proteins. Protein structures can be grouped into four levels of organization according to their structure

(a) Name the level of organization for protein structures labelled

P: ……............................................….…………………………………

Q: ...........................................…………………………………………..

R:......……………………………………............................................…

S: ....….................................................…………………………………

[ 4 marks]

P

Q

R S

Diagram 3

3(a)


6

(b) Rearrange the organization of protein structures in ascending order.

............……………………………………………………….........…………

[1 mark]

(c) Amino acid is a monomer of proteins. It is classified into two types such as

essential amino acid and non essential amino acid.

State the difference between the above amino acid.

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(d) Animal proteins are known as first class proteins and plant proteins are second

class proteins.

Explain how vegetarian can obtain all the essential amino acids from his diet.

..................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(f) Explain how enzymes act in :

(i) getting rid of stains on cloth

............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................

(ii)helping to tenderise meat during cooking

...........................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................

[4 marks]

Enzymes are proteins which are synthesized

by living organisms. It is widely used in our

daily life and industries.

Total

3(b)

3(c)

3(d)

3(f)(i)

3(f)(ii)


7

Question 4

Chapter 5 : Cell Division

Learning outcome:

� Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. � Describe the application of knowledge on mitosis in cloning.

Diagram 4.1 shows cell P and cell Q undergoes one of the stages for two types of cell

division.

(a)(i) Name the type of cell division.

Cell P : ……………………………………………….....…………………………….

Cell Q : …………………......…………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

(ii) Give one reason for your answer.

Cell P : ……………………………......…………….……………….…………………

Cell Q : ………………………….......……………….…………………………………

[2 marks]

(b) State the number of chromosomes in the daughter cell after cell division process

shown in Cell Q is completed. Explain.

.........…………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

P Q

Diagram 4.1

4(a)(i)

4(a)(ii)

4(b)


8

(c) Give one application of cell division in (b) in animals and plants.

Animals: ….......………………………………………………………………………….

Plants : …….....…………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

(d)A farmer wants to use the technique shown in Diagram 1.2 to increase the

number of his sheep in a short period of time. Describe the technique.

............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................

[4 marks]

Sheep A Sheep B

Sheep C

Diagram 4.2

4(c)

4(d)

Total


9

Question 5

Chapter 5 : Cell Division

Learning outcome:

� State the significance of mitosis.

� Identify the phases in the cell cycle � Explain the effects uncontrolled mitosis. � Explain the effects of uncontrolled mitosis in living things.

Diagram 5.1 shows phases X and Y of the cell cycle of an organism.

Phase X consists of three sub-phases, R, S and T.

Phase Y involves two processes, U and V.

(a) Name the phase labelled X and Y.

X : ………………………………………………………………………………………

Y : ………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(b) Describe what happens during sub-phases R, S and T.

R : ………………………………………………………………………………………

S : ………………………………………………………………………………………

T : ……………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 marks]

R

T

S

Diagram 5.1

4(a)

4(b)


10

(c) State two roles of process U in an organism.

1. …………………….…………………………………………………………………

…………………….………………………………………………………………...

2 ………………………………………………………………………………………

... ………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

(d)Duration of a normal cell cycle is 16 hours. Explain what happen if the duration is

less than 16 hours.

.............................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(e) Diagram 5.2 shows stages L, M, N and O in a type of cell division.

L

O N

M

Diagram 5.2

4(c)

4(d)


11

(i) Name the stages L, M, N and O.

Stage Name of stage

L

M

N

O

(ii) State the process happens during stage O.

.......………………………………………………………………………………………..

........……………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

(iii) In the human body, where does this type of cell division take place?

..........………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

4(e)(i)

4(e)(ii)

4(e)(iii)

Total


12

Question 6.

Chapter 7 : Nutrition

Learning outcome:

� Identify the parts of the digestive systems involved in absorption of digested food.

� Explain the adaptive characteristics of the digestive system related to absorption

Diagram 6 shows a human digestive system.

(a) Choose the letter that labels the organ where the following hydrolysis reaction

takes place.

Lipids Fatty acids and glycerol

.................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

(b) (i) Name an enzyme found in R

…………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

(ii) Based on your answer in (a)(i), write a word equation to show the food

digestion in R.

................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark

]

P

U

T

R

Q

S

Diagram 6

6(a)

2 (b)(i)

2 (b)(ii)


13

(c) (i) State the end product of carbohydrate digestion in U.

………………………………………………………………………………….. [1 mark]

(ii) Explain the assimilation process of the end product in b(i) in organ Q.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………. [3 marks]

(d) What advice can you give to someone with his / her organ T removed to help him /

her handle health problems that may arise later.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………….. [3 marks]

2 (c)(i)

2 (c)(ii)

2 (d)

Total


14

Question 7.

Chapter 6 : Nutrition

Learning Outcome:

� Identify the part of chloroplast related to photosynthesis,

� Explain the light reaction of photosynthesis,

� Explain the dark reaction of photosynthesis,

� Compare and contrast light reaction and dark reaction in photosynthesis,

� Relate light reaction in photosynthesis

� Write an equation to represent the process of photosynthesis

Diagram 7 shows the structure of an organelle found in the cells of green leaves.

(a) Name the structures labelled X and Y in diagram 7.

[2 marks]

(b) Give an example of a plant cell which has the highest density of the organelle

shown in diagram 7 .

................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(c) Describe the reactions which occur in structure Y.

...............................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................. [3 marks]

(d) Write a complete equation for photosynthesis.

................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

X:

Y:

2(a)

2(b)

2(c)

2(d)


15

(e) Explain how leaves are adapted to be efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide from

the atmosphere.

...............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... [ 2marks]

(f) The process of photosynthesis contributes to the balance of nature.

State one importance of photosynthesis to the balance of nature.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2 marks]

2(e)

2 (f)

Total


16

Question 8 Chapter 7 : Respiration Learning outcome:

� State the respiratory structures in humans and animals

� Make an inference on the various adaptations of the respiratory structures

� Describe the characteristics of respiratory surfaces in human and other organisms

Diagram 8.1 shows organ the respiratory organ for fish.

Diagram 8.1

(a) Name the structures labelled P and Q.

P: ……………………………………………………………………………………………

Q: ……………………………………………………………………………………………

[2 marks]

(b) State the adaptations of structure Q to function efficiently.

…………………… ……………………………….........................................................

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

[4 marks]

1(a)

1(b)


17

(c) The structures involved in the gaseous exchange in humans are shown in

Diagram 8.2 below.

Diagram 8.2

(i) Give the similarities between the gaseous exchange structure of human and

fish.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(ii) Describe how the diffusion of oxygen can occur between the alveolus and

blood capillary.

…………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

(iii) The content of oxygen in the blood is regulated. Describe how the condition of

blood oxygen deficiency is regulated.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 marks]

1(c)(i)

1(c)(ii)

1(c)(iii)

Total


18

Z

Y

X

W

death and decay

Nitrogen in air (N2)

Ammonium

ions

Nitrite

ions

Nitrate

ions

Grass

Rabbit Fox

Clover (a

legume)

W

Question 9 Chapter 8 : Dynamic Ecosystem Learning outcome :

• Explain the role of useful microorganism

Diagram 9 shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

(a) (i) Name process W.

.............................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) State one way in which nitrogen in the air can be converted directly into

nitrate ions, as shown by arrow X.

............................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(iii) State the type of bacteria that carry out process Y.

.......................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

Diagram 9

9(a)(iii)

9(a)(i)

9(a)(ii)


19

(b) Microorganisms are involved in process Z.

(i) Name one type of microorganisms involved in process Z ...................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain the role of the microorganism in (b) (i).

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................... [3 marks]

(c) Explain how a deficiency of nitrates in the soil affects the growth of plants.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................. [3 marks]

9(b)(ii)

9(c)

Total

9(b)(i)


20

Question 10

Chapter 9 : Endangered Ecosystem

Learning Outcome :

Explain the thinning of the ozone layer

Explain the impact of the thinning of the ozone layer and global warming on the ecosystem

Diagram 10 shows the phenomenon of ozone layer depletion

a. What is the cause of the thinning of ozone layer ?

.................................................................................................................................

[2 mark]

b. Describe the thinning of ozone layer.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

[4 marks]

Diagram 10

10(a)

10(b)


21

c. What are the effects of global warming and the thinning of ozone layer on the

ecosystem.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

[4 marks]

10(c)

Total

Question 1 Chapter 2 : Cell Structure and cell · PDF filePERFECT SCORE FORM 4 (MODULE 1) 2010...

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