2

32

25 26 27 28

18 19 20 21

11

4

12 13 14

5 6 7

33 34 35

39 40 41 42

29 30 31

36 37 38

16 17

242322

3

15

98

1

10

Question 1

Early prospectors would extract shallow

deposits of ore by what?

Placer mining

Question 2 After ore deposits near the

surface dwindled, mining corporations began using

what type of mining?

Quartz mining

Question 3What type of Union was the Iron Molders’ International

Union?

Trade union

Question 4What phrase means “ let

people do as they choose”?

Laissez-faire

Question 5People using the phrase “Pikes Peak or Bust” were

what?

Gold miners

Question 6What manages property for

others?

Trust

Question 7Why was petroleum in high

demand before the invention of the automobile?

It could be turned into kerosene

Question 8Huge ranches that covered

thousands of acres were called what?

Haciendas

Question 9What does laissez-faire rely

on to regulate prices and wages?

Free market

Question 10Supporters of laissez-faire

believed the government should interfere in the

economy only to do what?

Protect property and maintain peace

Question 11What describes the historical

significance of vaqueros?

They taught their trade to American cowboys

Question 12Measurements taken of Union soldiers during the Civil War

led to the development of what?

Ready-made clothes

Question 13In the early 1800s, Americans did not think cattle ranches on the Great Plains were practical

because why?

Eastern cattle could not survive on tough prairie grasses

Question 14What act began the railroad

boom?

Pacific Railroad Act

Question 15In the late 1800s, workers buying power generally

increased because why?

Prices fell faster than wages

Question 16What type of Union was the

Knights of Labor?

Industrial union

Question 17A steel company that owns the coal mines, limestone quarries, and iron ore fields it depends on

is an example of what?

Vertical integration

Question 18What machine changed

bobbins without stopping?

Automatic loom

Question 19What did corporations hope to achieve with the purchase

of new machines?

Economies of scale

Question 20The Chisholm Trail was a trail

that did what?

Cowboys used to drive cattle to a railroad line

Question 21At first, ranchers saw barbed wire as a threat because it did

what?

Kept their herds from roaming freely

Question 22What was a hardship faced

by settlers on the Great Plains?

Prairie fires

Question 23How did railroad companies raise most of the money that

was needed to build the railroad?

Selling government land grants

Question 24One approach to farming on

the Great Plains was “dry farming” in which farmers

did what?

Planted seeds deep in the ground

Question 25Before the Sand Creek

Massacre, the Cheyenne had come to Fort Lyon to do

what?

Negotiate

Question 26What country did rail

workers that Central Pacific Railroad hire come from?

China

Question 27The Homestead Act gave land

to homesteaders if they did what for 5 years?

Lived on the land

Question 28What owns stock in

companies that produce goods?

Holding company

Question 29Large landholders on the Great Plains were able to

Invest in the tools they needed

Question 30Why did the government offer

each railroad company land along its right-of-way?

Encourage rapid construction of the tracks

Question 31What invention enabled

longer and heavier trains?

Air brakes

Question 32The fencing of the open range

resulted in what?

The end of cattle drives

Question 33The Dawes Act attempted to

help Native Americans by doing what?

Giving them land for farming

Question 34Economies of scale resulted

in what?

Lower costs and increased production

Question 35The confrontation at

Wounded Knee occurred because the chief’s followers did what?

Performed a ritual

Question 36In the 1890s, when a glut of wheat on the world market

caused prices to drop, some farmers tried to survive how?

Mortgaging their land

Question 37What type of costs are wages,

shipping charges, and supplies?

Operating costs

Question 38What did members of

Congress think tariffs were necessary during the early day of industrialization?

Protect new industries from foreign competition

Question 39

What type of costs are loans, mortgages, and

taxes?

Fixed costs

Question 40Why did the army encourage

the killing of the buffalo?

Force Native Americans on reservations

Question 41The Comstock Lode was a

rich deposit of what?

Silver

Question 42 Many of the first miners in the

Colorado mountains did not find any minerals because

why?

The minerals were buried too deep