QUEST Innovation to implementation Raymond QUEST DIALOG Energy...ASHRAE 62-2007 Requirements
Transcript of QUEST Innovation to implementation Raymond QUEST DIALOG Energy...ASHRAE 62-2007 Requirements
QUEST
Innovation to
implementation
DECEMBER 1, 2014
ROD YEOH - PRINCIPAL
DIALOG
+ Integrated Architecture, Engineering, Planning & Urban
Design, Interior Design, Landscape Architecture,
Sustainability
+ Over 550 people firm wide across Canada
+ Studios in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Toronto
BUILDING ENERGY USE
• 39% of primary energy
• 71% of electrical
consumption
• 38% of CO2 emissions
Commercial Building Primary Energy Consumption Breakdown
HVAC
30%
Lighting
26%
Water Heating
8%
Office Equipment
8%
Refrigeration
4%
Cooking
2%
Other
8%
Miscellaneous
14%
BUILDING ENERGY SYSTEMS
• "Everything is in balance and influences other things."
• Architectural / Structural– Building shape & orientation
– Space layout
– Building Envelope Performance
– Building Mass
– Windows
– Shading
• Mechanical– Heating / Cooling Plants
– Energy Distribution System
– Heating / Cooling Terminal Units
• Electrical– Equipment / Plug Loads
– Lighting System
• Control systems
3 PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY
PERFORMANCE
• Step 1: Reduce Demand
• Step 2: Harvest Free Energy
• Step 3: Increase System Efficiency
In order of decreasing effectiveness and
increasing life cycle cost
3 PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE
STEP 1. REDUCE DEMAND
• Building shape & orientation
• Space layout
• Building Envelope
• Building Mass
• Fenestration
• Lighting
• Programming
3 PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE
STEP 2. HARVEST FREE ENERGY
• Passive Strategies– Passive Solar Heating
– Daylighting
– Natural Ventilation
– Earth Tempered Vent.
• Active Strategies– Solar Collectors
– Photovoltaic Panels
– Wind Turbines
– Ground Source
– Heat/energy recovery
3 PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE
STEP 3. INCREASE EFFICIENCY
• Mechanical– Heating / Cooling Plant
– Energy Distribution System
– Heating / Cooling Terminals
• Electrical– Lighting
– Power systems
REDUCE LOADSEnvelope Upgrades
IF the Building is already having envelope
issues, or needs to be re-roofed, increasing
insulation or replacing glazing may make
sense
REDUCE LOADS
Envelope Upgrades
Study for CoV – Green Retrofits
Glazing upgrades can save over 20% of total energy costs per year for a typical downtown office tower
Balance with incremental cost of higher performance glazing if already planning a glazing replacement
REDUCE LOADS
Envelope Upgrades
Heating and Cooling Calculations and Energy
Simulations should be performed
In some instances, increasing insulation could
actually increase energy use
REDUCE LOADS
Heating Loads
Ventilation Air
Check existing ventilation levels
May be over/under ventilating
ASHRAE 62-2007 Requirements
17 cfm per person required for office space
7 cfm per person required for reception areas
“RIGHT” SIZE EQUIPMENT
Once Loads are Reduced
Look at replacing main plants: chillers, boilers, rooftop units
Don’t just replace with same size
Size to suit new loads
Add Redundancy
“RIGHT” SIZE EQUIPMENT
Evergreen Building
Replaced Glazing
Reduced Chiller Size by
15%
Reduced Boiler size by 10%
ENERGY EFFICIENCY TRENDS
Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems
Separating space conditioning and ventilation loads
Displacement Ventilation and Underfloor Air Distribution systems
ENERGY EFFICIENCY TRENDS
Radiant Heating and Cooling Systems
ENERGY EFFICIENCY TRENDS
Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems
ENERGY EFFICIENCY TRENDS
Co-generation
Generate Heat and Power at the same time
By-product heat can be used for cooling through absorption chillers
Generally more efficient for district plants
RE-COMMISSIONING
Re-commissioning of Building Systems (RCx)
The Office of Energy Efficiency (NRCan) has cited studies that show that re-commissioning can improve energy efficiency by 5-15%, with a payback under 2 years.
PRIORITIZING CAPITAL PROJECTS
Life Cycle Cost Intangibles
+ Issues such as
IAQ and thermal
comfort affect
productivity
+ Productivity cost
is very hard to
quantify
+ Original Construction 2%
+ Maintenance Costs 6%
+ Personnel Costs 92%
THANKS! ANY QUESTIONS?