Growth and Survival Mechanisms inFood Chains

Report by:Queency MagsipocShainah HubillarAniarah Nasser

PREDATION

The snake is holding on to the rat. The rat is the

snake’s meal. The snake is equipped with body

structures that allow it to hunt for food. It hunts

small animals. This process of obtaining food is called predation. The

hunter is called the predator and the hunted

is the prey.

SNAKE EATING A RAT

that living things are objects of predation in food chains develop

defenses against succeeding attacks?

Do you know…

SYMBIOSIS

Animals can also obtain their food by living together. This

relationships is called symbiosis. Symbiosis is classified into three

types: parasitism, commensalism, and

mutualism.

SYMBIOSIS

PARASITISM

Parasitism is a kind of hunter-prey relationship.

Here, the parasite depends on another organism for food,

protection, and reproduction. One

example of a parasite is a tapeworm. It lives

inside the intestine of a larger animal such as pig, cow, or human.

PARASITISM

PARASITISM

The tape worm gets food from its host. The

organism which a parasite depend on is

called a host.

COMMENSALISM

Commensalism exists when an organism benefits from

another without harming it. One example of

commensalism is best seen between trees and attached

plants like orchids and ferns. The tree is not

affected by the presence of orchid on its trunk..

ORCHIDS AND FERNS

MUTUALISM

In mutualism, both organisms benefit in the relationship. This is

demonstrated by the fishes – grouper and wrasse. The grouper allows the

wrasse to dart in and out of its mouth. The wrasse cleans the grouper’s mouth

in exchange for the small pieces of foods it can get.

GROUPER AND WRASSE

MUTUALISM

In the rice fields, Azolla (water fern) is grown together with the rice

plants. Azolla allows an alga, Anabaena to live with

it. The Anabaena fixes nitrogen in the soil making it

fertile. The Azolla and Anabaena both benefit from the presence of each other.

AZOLLA AND ANABAENA

MUTUALISM

The gas exchange between plants and animals is another example of

mutualism. Oxygen needed by animals is given off by plants while the carbon

dioxide needed by plats is given off by animals.

For example, if all frogs living in a pond leave or die, what will happen

to the population of animals that feed on frogs? How about this

animals that the frogs eat? This condition disrupts the food chain.

These relationships affect the food chain. If a harmful kind of

relationship dominates in an

ecosystem, it will cause a problem.

The FOOD CHAIN

In a food chain, green plants contain the greatest amount of stored energy from the sun. look at the number of

consumers in the food chain. Animals that feed on these plants are called the primary consumers. Those that eat primary consumers are called

secondary consumers. Tertiary consumers are animals that feed on

secondary consumers.

The Producers and Consumers

PRODUCER PRIMARYCONSUMER

SECONDARYCONSUMER

TERTIARYCONSUMER

The SUNIs the source Of ENERGY.

Producers manufacture foods that contain energy.

This energy is used to sustain the operations of the

life processes in the body. Activities such as running, climbing, inhaling and even thinking require energy use.

THE FOOD WEB

THANK YOU!

n_n