Quarter 3 ~ Grade 7:How to complete Grammar Notes from home:

• Write down the title for each NB entry

• Set up notebook page the same way the PPT slide looks

• Watch the Brain Pop video associated with notes (search on www.brainpop.com for video name)

• LOG IN: username = rcspop password = rcspop14

• Fill in the missing information with help from Tim & Moby on each video

7th Grade - Quarter 3 Grammar Notes

1.) Parts of Speech Labeling

2.) Subject and Predicate Review

3.) Semicolons

4.) Comma Rules

5.) Commas and Colons

6.) Similes and Metaphors

7.) Use Appositive Phrases

8.) Interjections

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes:

Parts of Speech Labeling

Label the adjectives, nouns, adverbs, and verbs. When labeling nouns, specify what kind of noun (Proper, pronoun, possessive, or common noun?)

1.) The pretty puppy swiftly jumped on the boy’s lap.

2.) A cheerful Reuther student cheered loudly at the game.

3.) The girls on the bench happily waited for their turns to play.

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes:

Subject & Predicate

Review

Simple Subject & Simple Predicate• Simple subject = whom or what the sentence is about• Simple predicate = the verb (what the subject does or is)

The happy children wildly danced in the hallways.

This sentence is about CHILDREN and what they did which is DANCED!

Complete Subject & Complete Predicate• Complete subject = includes all the words that identify the

person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about.• Simple predicate = includes all the words that tell or ask

something about the subject.

The happy children wildly danced in the hallways.

Challenge1.) Label all parts of speech: Adjective, Adverb, Verb, and Noun (common, proper, and possessive)

2.) Draw a circle around the simple subject. Draw a rectangle around the simple predicate. Underline the complete subject once. Underline the complete predicate twice.

3.) Label the prepositions with a “P”

4.) Label the articles (the, an, a)

The three pink elephants walked carefully on the

steady tight-rope during the opening act of

Rochester Hills’s circus.

Practice - Answers1.) Label all parts of speech (Adjective, Adverb, Verb, and Noun type: common, compound, proper, possessive, and pronouns)

2.) Draw a circle around the simple subject. Draw a rectangle around the simple predicate. Underline the complete subject once. Underline the complete predicate twice.

3.) Label the prepositions with a “P”

4.) Label the articles (the, an, a)

The three pink elephants walked carefully on the

steady tight-rope during the opening act of

Rochester Hills’s circus.

Adj. Adj. Common & plural noun verb Adv. P Article

Adj. Compound

nounP Article Compound noun P

Proper noun & possessive Common noun

Article

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes –

Semicolons

Semicolons can be used to…• connect independent sentences that are similar

• The dog wagged its tail. He was excited to see his owner.• The dog wagged its tail; he was excited to see his owner.

• work with a transitional word/phrase to help link similar sentences• The cat opened his eyes. He was not excited to see the dog.• The cat opened his eyes; although, he was not excited to see the

dog

Add semicolon and change the next capital letter to lowercase

Insert a semicolon at the end of the first complete sentence. Add a linking transition

and follow it up with a comma.

Semicolons can also be used to…• separate items in a list with internal commas or very

wordy items.• For Mrs. Pathenos’s class, we need to bring our novel, our

textbook, and our Writer’s NB every Wednesday.

• For Mrs. Pathenos’s class, we need to bring an independent reading novel that we chose to read based off interest; our heavy and burdensome Literature book; and finally, our handy-dandy Writer’s NB every Wednesday.

Since these items are discrete, it’s acceptable to use commas.

These items are pretty wordy; it’s best to use semicolons so we can read fluently without getting confused with tons of commas!

Practice – Write down each sentence and add either a semicolon or a comma to the __ open space.

1.) During her summer road trip _ Jaszmyn traveled through Lansing _ Michigan _ Columbus _ Ohio_ Charleston _ West Virginia _ and Frankfort _ Kentucky.

2.) I like the color red _ I also like the color green.

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes:

Commas

Where does the comma go?

1.) At a place in a sentence where you wish your readers to pause.

Take a breather, will you?

2.) After introductory words or phrases

Of course, . . .

However, . . .

Finally, . . .

Where does the comma go?

3.) Before direct speech

Nicole questioned, “Why can’t you come with me?”

4.) After items in a list

I like to eat strawberry yogurt, chocolate chip cookies, and vanilla shakes.

Where does the comma go?

5.) In front of most conjunctions (and, but, or)

The movie ended, but the audience kept clapping.

6.) After greetings and before closings in letters/emails

Dear Mrs. Gambaro,

Sincerely,

Alyssa Miller

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes:

Commas & Colons

Commas • Pause when you see a comma

• Traveling through the Reuther hallways can be fun, but getting a tardy is not so much fun.

• Insert a comma where you need a pause• On her iPad, Mrs. Pathenos likes to play games, browse Buzzfeed,

and Facebook stalk her “friends.”

Colons • Use colons to introduce or define something

• I have dress socks in the following colors: brown, black, and ivory.

Practice – Write each sentence correctly in your NB by adding commas where a pause should be

1.) I need to get pencils paper pens and a notebook for school.

2.) My classroom chair the place where I have to sit is usually warm.

3.) “Let’s eat grandpa!” I exclaimed.

Extension: Commas in a Series a.k.a. The Oxford Comma

You may have learned about commas in a series and you may have been excused from using a comma if you insert a conjunction…

Ex: I like oranges, apples, bananas and cream.

JUST TO BE SAFE: Use the comma before the conjunction to avoid misunderstandings!

Ex: I like oranges, apples, bananas, and cream.

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Figurative Language:

Similes & Metaphors

Which is Which??

The Figurative Language of Simile and Metaphor:  • There is one short rule to help you remember how to tell if

something is a simile or a metaphor.

Similes use” like” or “as” and metaphors do not.

That’s it!

Structure of a Simile:

Similes compare two things using the words “like” or “as.” Here are some examples:•Her smile is like a ray of sunshine.•Her acne is like a volcanic eruption.•Her sarcasm is as sharp as a porcupine’s quills.

The Make-Up of a Metaphor:A metaphor also compares two things, but it states that one thing is another. One well known example:• She is a thorn in my side.

Obviously, a person can’t be a thorn. The metaphor describes the pain and annoyance she causes.

More examples of common metaphors:• The sun is a big, round pizza pie.• The steak is shoe leather.• That boy is an eating machine.

In all of these examples, one thing is said to be another.

Combination Figurative Language:

Some descriptions combine both metaphor and simile. For example:•The boy eats like a horse but he is a bean pole.

“POP QUIZ” –Metaphor or Simile??Write “M” or “S.”

1.) Ugly as a monkey’s armpit.

2.) He peeled out like a banana.

3.) Her face was as red as a baboon’s butt.

4.) His car is a trash bin on wheels, spilling its contents whenever he opens a door.

5.) Her father is Silly Putty in her hands.

6.)The kelp is a graceful ballerina in the ocean current.

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes:

Use Appositive Phrases

Appositive Phrases

You can make your writing more clear by using an appositive phrase to combine two sentences into one.

Original Sentence: Jimmy Valentine was released from prison. Jimmy Valentine was a notorious safecracker.

Revised Sentence: Jimmy Valentine, a notorious safecracker, was released from prison.

“a notorious safecracker” is an appositive phrase that identifies Jimmy. You place a comma before and after the appositive phrase.

Practice Using Appositive PhrasesFor each item, combine the two sentences by changing the second sentence to an appositive phrase.

1.) Paige practices every day. She is a champion skateboarder.

2.) Racqueline has a large vocabulary. She is a master at languages.

3.) The man wants to become a citizen. He is an immigrant.

4.) The woman keeps asking questions. The woman is a TV reporter.

WRITER’S NB ENTRY:

Grammar Notes:

Interjections

InterjectionsInterjections are words used to express strong feeling or sudden emotion. They are included in a sentence - usually at the start - to express a sentiment such as surprise, disgust, joy, excitement or enthusiasm.

Interjections are used to:express a feeling: ow, gee, golly, oops, darn

yay yes or no: yes, no yep, nope, uh-huh, uh-uh

call attention: yo, hey, whoa

indicates a pause: well, um, hmm, ah

Hey! Get off that floor!

Oh, that is a surprise.

Good! Now we can move on.

Jeepers, that was close.

Mmmmm, dinner was delicious!

Phew! I’m glad Q3 grammar notes are over!