Quality linked to geographical origin and GIs

Lessons learnt from the world and presentation of the project

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OutlineOutline

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1. Origin-linked products, GIs and rural development

2. What does FAO do in this domain

3. Presentation of the Croatian project and team

Origin-linked products, GIs Origin-linked products, GIs and rural development and rural development

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ProductProduct

PeoplePeoplePlacePlace

GIGI

• Characterization of the local race

• Elaboration of the code of practice

• Protection of the GI and marketing

Example: Chivito Criollo del Norte Neuquino, Argentinalocal specific breed in arid mountainous region (altitude ranging from 600 to 2400 m)

Local natural and human resources:

soil, climate, breed,

varieties,

know-how...

Motivations and capacity to engage a collective process

“we want the young can stay

and live this

life”

Specific quality, reputation in the

market

Linking People, Product and Place Linking People, Product and Place

International DefinitionsInternational Definitions TRIPS Agreement (1994)

Geographical Indications identify a good as originated in the territory of a Member, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin

153 WTO member states

Lisbon Agreement (1958) Appellation of Origin is the geographical

name of a country, region, or locality, which serves to designate a product originating therein, the quality and characteristics of which are due exclusively or essentially to the geographical environment, including natural and human factors.

WIPO (158 member states) 27 Contracting Parties

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“AO” defined by Lisbon can be

considered as a category of “GI” defined by TRIPS

GI are considered to be intellectual

property rights, and members countries

have to provide legal tools to protect

these rights.

Advantages Advantages

Economic Pillar

Environmental Pillar

protection against fraud (legal protection);

access to niche markets; adding value; reducing market price fluctuations; redistribution along value chain; benefits from collective action; maintain added value in the production

areas Etc.

awareness and sustainable use of natural resources

preservation of biodiversity, Etc.

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Social Pillar self esteem and its indirect effects

(power of negotiation/rights defense);

preservation of cultural heritage; job opportunities; positive effects on tourism. Etc.

Consumers’ side social expectations food diversity guaranties about quality, origin

and production process Etc.

Varieties of GIs in the world Varieties of GIs in the world

Geographical scope What products Protection and Property governmental standard (public policy) or private

standard according the country... sui generis protection : 167 including the EU TradeMark systems : 56 nations (a number use both)

Conformity assessment systems Exigencies

And varieties of impact...7

“GIs” in the world

PGI Longkou Fen Si

AOP safran de Taliouine

Littoral Norte Gaucho rice AO

Banana of Costa Rica

Apples of Sbiba

NationaNational level l level

(intern.(intern.))

Regulation legal and

institutional framework

GI : Public recognition and protection

•Legal framework: Assessment, Registration, Protection

•Enabling environment at local level: support to local implementation, consumer information, …

Action Action at local at local

levellevel

Voluntary approach,

private sector driven

IP related to a territory/community of firms:

- Demonstration of the specific link between the product and the territory

- share a definition of the specific quality- manage the GI system

intermediary actors andintermediary actors and institutions institutions

Joint public-private and 2 levels actionsJoint public-private and 2 levels actions

one origin-linked product = one specific code of one origin-linked product = one specific code of practicepractice

Lessons learnt – Local

Not an automatic tool... Impacts depend on local resources and process; not

on registration as such Collective approach and appropriation Organization: representativeness and GI management Code of practice / participative, shared definition Market and partners identified (niche market with added value) Identification of local resources for preservation of specific

quality and heritage

Major constraints: long term approach Capacities

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Lessons learnt – institutional

New area that requires:

Clear and sound legal and institutional framework Assessment and protection as IPR Policies to promote GI with a positive impact on rural

development Coordination systems between different sectors,

levels and capacities Importance of consumer information

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What does FAO do in this What does FAO do in this domain?domain?

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FAO Goals ensuring a world in which all people have sufficient safe and

nutritious food that meet dietray needs and food preferences eliminating poverty, driving forward economic and social progress ,

enhanced rural development and sustainable livelihoods ensuring sustainable management and utilization of natural

ressources (land, water, climate, genetic resources…)

GIs among other market tools and stanadrds can contribute to attain these goals

Recent and quick development of GIs over the world 1994:

Development of a multilateral legal framework for GIs within the WTO national heritage: importance of promoting and protecting it

Background Background

Quality & Origin project Quality & Origin project

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www. foodquality-origin.org

Main objective: to assist Member Countries and stakeholders in developing Specific quality schemes.

Framework: project launched in 2007 development of technical cooperation

projects Specific focus on origin-linked quality

ActivitiesActivities

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Guidance tools and studies: regional seminars, expert meetings, networking

Regional workshop "Food Quality Linked to Origin and Traditions in Southeastern European countries“, Belgrade, December 2008

Case studies (South-eastern European: Užićka Goveća Pršuta, Serbia; Livno Cheese - Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bean of Tetovo - Tetovski Krav, FYROM)

Develop support (practical) tools, sensitization, communication

Technical cooperation projects: According to requests Combining support to

institutional (and legal when necessary) framework (national, regional)

pilot products (product, organization, value chain, market...)

Guide Linking People, Places and Guide Linking People, Places and ProductsProducts

FAO/SINER-GI Road map for

activating a local sustainable process in which GI can play a role for economic development and social/environmental preservation

Step by step approach

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List of Technical Cooperation projectsList of Technical Cooperation projects

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COUNTRY DURATION OBJECT

Morocco 2008-2010 Support to development and the implementation of a recognition system for specific quality signs and origin-based labels in Morocco.

Tunisia 2008-2010 Support to development and implementation of a control system for origin-based quality products

Tunisia 2008-2010 Elaboration of a national strategy: “promotion of a strategy for the valorization of quality products”

Morocco 2008-2011 Capacity-building of the local stakeholders to develop mountain quality products – Example of Saffron

Lebanon 2009 Development of a GI for the Labneh value-chain

Bhutan 2009-2010 Establishment of a national strategy for promotion and preservation of specific quality products: the case of Yak products

Chili, Argentina, Brazil, Equator, Costa Rica

2010-2012 Regional Technical Cooperation Project on origin-based and tradition-based quality of food products

Ukraine Jan-Aug 2010 Assessment of GI potential and its realization in support of rural development

Croatia 2009 – ongoing Formulation of GI project – starting in 2011

Mali 2009- ongoing Supporting producers’ organization for a better exploitation of productions in the circles of Bandiagara and Menaka

Guinea Bissau, Mali, Senegal Sierra Leone

2009- ongoing Promoting origin-linked quality products in four African countries ( in collaboration with Slow Food)

Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos

Formulation Support to the implementation of GIs

Mexico 2010Assessment of specific and generic quality of Cotija cheese for specification and food safety

Turkey Formulation Preservation and promotion of traditional cheese – Assessment for Gis

Presentation of the project Presentation of the project in Croatia in Croatia

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Background

Regional seminar for Southeastern European countries, Belgrade dec. 2008 Importance of origin-linked products for rural

development, and market potential Bottlenecks: value-chain and market access, guarantees

systems, lack of awareness and public-private governance EBRD-FAO support to a pilot project in the area of

GIs in Croatia in collaboration with The public authorities: ministry of agriculture fisheries and

rural development An economic partner, processing and selling a number of

origin-linked products in the region, Agrokor

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Framework Framework

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Objectives: support development of sustainable GIs in Croatia by enhancing the capacity of public actors in supporting GI development

and protection, and strengthening dialogue and cooperation with producers

enhancing marketing organization and development of GI strategies along the value chain and within the territory

Supporting qualification of GI products

Framework: project launched in January 2011, 2 years National activities and 2 pilot cases

Team: FAO, EBRD MAFRD Agrokor REDD association Other national and international experts

National capacities and raising awareness Trainings of national commission members and all

involved institutional stakeholders Identification of origin-linked products and assessment of

GI Protection and control of GIs Coordination between sectors and levels and synergies

between programs Elaboration of communication material to raise

consumers and producers awareness : leaflet, promotional video

Guidelines for implementation of GI at local level “Linking People Products and Place”

National conference at the end of the project

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Pilot cases Baranya kulen

“Qualification” : finalization of specification and control plan for official recognition Building capacities of the GI association, Training on basic requirements, Study tour (Italy, Parma)

“Remuneration”: marketing and system of control Training of the GI association on marketing and plan of control Training Handbook for Baranya kulen production market study in European countries participation in international fair promotional leaflet

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Pilot cases Mandarin of Neretva “Identification” : specific quality linked to geographical

origin and mobilization Determination of specific properties of mandarin fruit by

Agrokor /University of Zagreb Training and study tour (Italy) Studies: consumer survey and assessment of production system

“Qualification”: Support to elaboration of specifications by producers in a

participative approach Building capacity of GI association, training

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www. foodquality-origin.org

Emilie VandecandelaereFood and Agriculture Organisation of UN Service de la qualité des aliments et des normes alimentaires (AGND) emilie.vandecandelaere@fao.org Tel: +39 06 570 56 210

Thank you