Qualia

The theory further proposes a way to characterize the quality of the experience, qualia itself, using a multidimensional space called qualia space (Q), wherein the ways mechanisms connect together form a shape within the space; the shape itself describes the qualia that is experienced.[4]

(In the later IIT 3.0, qualia space -- no longer referred to as Q -- takes into account the temporal aspects of a state.)

Q has an axis for every possible informational state of the system; any point in this space will have a component for each state. We can view the components as probabilities that the system is in that state, thus a point in Q represents a probability distribution, a repertoire, of what the system's state may be in. If all states in Q are equally probable (maximum entropy, all mechanisms are independent), then that is represented by a point with the same value at every dimension, summing to a magnitude of 1.

The quale of a properly connected system can be built up in Q by plotting the repertoires of the system being incrementally connected in all combinations. The line joining the base maximum entropy repertoire to a repertoire of a system with a single connection forms a "q-arrow". Multiple connections correspond to the concatenation of multiple q-arrows called "q-edges". The ultimate Q point corresponds to the actual, fully connected system, and is the point where all the q-arrows lead to. Finally, the multidimensional shape delimited by the q-edges can be called the quale produced by the system.