QUALI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN · Mosquito surveillance in Europe is essential...
1
Introduction Materials and Methods Mosquito surveillance in Europe is essential for early detection of invasive species with public health importance and for the prevention and control of pathogens like West Nile virus (WNV). Information on distribution, abundance and population dynamics of the mosquito fauna in the Emilia- 2 Romagna region plain area (around 12,000 km ) have been collected in the frame of the Regional Vector-borne diseases surveillance program, from 2010 to 2016. The data presented document the collections of adult mosquitoes by the standardized use of CO traps and gravid traps in the plain area of the 9 2 provinces of the region. During the period 2010-2016, more than 2,400,000 adult mosquitoes were collected by 88 to 110 mosquito traps, sampled every 2 weeks from the end of May to the beginning of October and were identified to species level. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis was performed and preliminary hot spots maps were created using an open source GIS software (QGIS 2.18 - http://www.qgis.org). QUALI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION (ITALY) FROM 2010 TO 2016 QUALI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION (ITALY) FROM 2010 TO 2016 Alessandro Albieri, Romeo Bellini, Arianna Puggioli Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G.NICOLI", Medial and Veterinary Entomology Dept., Crevalcore (BO), Italy Francesco De Filippo, Mattia Calzolari - IZSLER, Brescia, Italy Results and Discussion From 2010 to 2016, in the regional plain area, were identified 22 mosquito species. The commonest species classified were: Culex pipiens, Aedes caspius, Aedes vexans and Aedes albopictus. The most widespread species was Cx. pipiens, with highest densities in agricoltural and peri-urban habitats, followed by Ae. albopictus , most abundant in urban and peri-urban habitat. The quali-quantitative analysis of data shows that the composition of the mosquito populations in the Emilia-Romagna region plain area varied between geographical locations, seasonal period and surveillance years, as shown in the istograms and maps: Cx. pipiens has a seasonal regular mean trend with a peak in weeks 24-25, it was most abundant in 2010 and it has high density hot spots in all provinces apart from Forlì-Cesena (FC) and Rimini (RN); Aedes caspius density was higher in 2012 and each year was concentrated near rice fields and wetland areas in provinces of Ferrara (FE), Modena (MO) and Reggio-Emilia (RE); Aedes vexans mean density was higher in 2013 and most concentrated in provinces of Piacenza (PC) and Parma (PR) along Po river area; Ae. albopictus, like Cx. pipiens, follows a regular mean population trend but with a less defined peak at weeks 34-35, it was most abundant in 2015 and it was most spread in the middle of the regional plain area. Culex pipiens Aedes albopictus Aedes caspius Aedes vexans 712 819 619 512 314 210 205 92 30 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 22-23 24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39 n.females/trap/night weeks Species mean density trend calculated in 67 traps from 2010 to 2016 728 340 367 598 436 291 336 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 n.females/trap/night year Species mean annual density calculated in 67 traps from 2010 to 2016 Hot spot map of species higher mean density (seasonal density > 75th percentile) calculated from REFERENCES - Bellini R, Calzolari M, Mattivi A, Tamba M, Angelini P, Bonilauri P, Albieri A, Cagarelli R, Carrieri M, Dottori M, Finarelli AC, Gaibani P, Landini MP, Natalini S, Pascarelli N, Rossini G, Velati C, Vocale C, Bedeschi E. The experience of West Nile virus integrated surveillance system in the Emilia-Romagna region: five years of implementation, Italy, 2009 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(44):pii=20953. - Rizzo C, Napoli C, Venturi G, Pupella S, Lombardini L, Calistri P, Monaco F, Cagarelli R, Angelini P, Bellini R, Tamba M, Piatti A, Russo F, Palù G, Chiari M, Lavazza A, Bella A, the Italian WNV surveillance working group. West Nile virus transmission: results from the integrated surveillance system in Italy, 2008 to 2015. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(37):pii=30340. rice rice rice rice rice 2.1 3.7 3.5 2.2 2.0 5.9 3.6 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 n.females/trap/day year 13 9 9 15 3 1 3 0 5 10 15 20 25 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 n.females/trap/night year 13 29 36 42 32 37 29 41 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39 n.females/trap/night weeks 23 39 54 35 14 38 29 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 n.females/trap/night year 29 18 20 16 9 4 5 3 0 10 20 30 40 50 24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39 n.females/trap/night weeks 1.5 1.9 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.5 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39 n.females/trap/day weeks Provinces Species Total females BO FC FE MO PC PR RA RE RN Ae. albopictus 15,394 3,159 113 4,575 2,032 989 1,539 1,092 1,811 84 Ae. berlandi 5 3 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 Ae. caspius 150,365 14,144 33 80,889 24,380 4,580 2,136 6,244 17,859 100 Ae. cinereus 285 0 0 8 276 0 0 0 1 0 Ae. detritus 48 0 0 46 0 0 0 2 0 0 Ae. geniculatus 689 7 0 18 12 625 18 4 5 0 Ae. rusticus 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ae. vexans 51,756 474 15 1,815 3,071 12,089 25,270 11 9,001 10 An. maculipennis s.l. 3,961 213 15 2,558 735 132 56 46 206 0 An. plumbeus 81 16 0 7 10 15 7 0 26 0 Anopheles spp. 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 Cq. richiardii 697 37 0 138 3 505 2 0 12 0 Cs. annulata 162 30 2 81 13 10 6 6 14 0 Cs. longiareolata 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Cx. hortensis 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 Cx. mimeticus 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Cx. modestus 5,349 177 0 2,022 2,801 124 53 65 107 0 Cx. pipiens 2,191,265 320,881 24,254 840,517 280,233 167,008 178,613 141,590 231,979 6,190 Oc. berlandi 17 16 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Oc. cantans 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Oc. flavescens 5 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 Ur. unguiculata 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total species 22 15 11 14 12 14 14 12 16 11 Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 N. fixed CO 2 traps 110 90 88 76 72 72 77 N. fixed Gravid Traps 0 0 8 16 16 16 16 N. adult females mosquitoes 602,721 294,401 309,190 416,948 313,045 237,755 247,135 Commonest species (%) Cx. pipiens (92.4) Ae. vexans (4.1) Ae. caspius (2.8) Cx. pipiens (88.4) Ae. caspius (8.3) Ae. vexans (2.2) Cx. pipiens (82.2) Ae. caspius (14.7) Ae. vexans (1.8) Cx. pipiens (92.3) Ae. caspius (4.5) Ae. vexans (2.4) Cx. pipiens (96.0) Ae. caspius (2.4) Ae. vexans (0.6) Cx. pipiens (88.7) Ae. caspius (8.7) Ae. albopictus (1.6) Cx. pipiens (91.1) Ae. caspius (6.7) Ae. albopictus (1.0) N. Species 13 12 12 12 11 14 15
Transcript of QUALI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN · Mosquito surveillance in Europe is essential...
C
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Mosquito surveillance in Europe is essential for early detection of invasive species with public health importance and for the prevention and control of pathogens like West Nile virus (WNV). Information on distribution, abundance and population dynamics of the mosquito fauna in the Emilia-
2Romagna region plain area (around 12,000 km ) have been collected in the frame of the Regional Vector-borne diseases surveillance program, from 2010 to 2016.
The data presented document the collections of adult mosquitoes by the standardized use of CO traps and gravid traps in the plain area of the 9 2
provinces of the region. During the period 2010-2016, more than 2,400,000 adult mosquitoes were collected by 88 to 110 mosquito traps, sampled every 2 weeks from the end of May to the beginning of October and were identified to species level. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis was performed and preliminary hot spots maps were created using an open source GIS software (QGIS 2.18 - http://www.qgis.org).
QUALI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN
EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION (ITALY) FROM 2010 TO 2016
QUALI-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN
EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION (ITALY) FROM 2010 TO 2016 Alessandro Albieri, Romeo Bellini, Arianna Puggioli
Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G.NICOLI", Medial and Veterinary Entomology Dept., Crevalcore (BO), ItalyFrancesco De Filippo, Mattia Calzolari - IZSLER, Brescia, Italy
Results and Discussion
From 2010 to 2016, in the regional p la in area, were identified 22 mosquito species. T h e c o m m o n e s t s p e c i e s classified were: Culex pipiens, Aedes caspius, Aedes vexans and Aedes albopictus. The most widespread species was Cx. pipiens, with highest densities in agricoltural and peri-urban habi ta ts , fo l lowed by Ae. albopictus, most abundant in urban and peri-urban habitat.
The quali-quantitative analysis of data shows that the composition of the mosquito populations in the Emilia-Romagna region plain area varied between geographical locations, seasonal period and surveillance years, as shown in the istograms and maps: Cx. pipiens has a seasonal regular mean trend with a peak in weeks 24-25, it was most abundant in 2010 and it has high density hot spots in all provinces apart from Forlì-Cesena (FC) and Rimini (RN); Aedes caspius density was higher in 2012 and each year was concentrated near rice fields and wetland areas in provinces of Ferrara (FE), Modena (MO) and Reggio-Emilia (RE); Aedes vexans mean density was higher in 2013 and most concentrated in provinces of Piacenza (PC) and Parma (PR) along Po river area; Ae. albopictus, like Cx. pipiens, follows a regular mean population trend but with a less defined peak at weeks 34-35, it was most abundant in 2015 and it was most spread in the middle of the regional plain area.
Culex pipiens
Aedes albopictusAedes caspius Aedes vexans
712
819
619
512
314
210 205
9230
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
22-23 24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap/n
igh
t
weeks
Species mean density trend calculated in 67
traps from 2010 to 2016
728
340 367
598
436
291336
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap/n
igh
t
year
Species mean annual density calculated in 67 traps from 2010 to 2016
Hot spot map of species higher mean density
(seasonal density > 75th percentile) calculated from
REFERENCES
- Bellini R, Calzolari M, Mattivi A, Tamba M, Angelini P, Bonilauri P, Albieri A, Cagarelli R, Carrieri M, Dottori M, Finarelli AC, Gaibani P, Landini MP, Natalini S, Pascarelli N, Rossini G, Velati C, Vocale C, Bedeschi E. The experience of West Nile virus integrated surveillance system in the Emilia-Romagna region: five years of implementation, Italy, 2009 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2014;19(44):pii=20953.
- Rizzo C, Napoli C, Venturi G, Pupella S, Lombardini L, Calistri P, Monaco F, Cagarelli R, Angelini P, Bellini R, Tamba M, Piatti A, Russo F, Palù G, Chiari M, Lavazza A, Bella A, the Italian WNV surveillance working group. West Nile virus transmission: results from the integrated surveillance system in Italy, 2008 to 2015. Euro Surveill. 2016;21(37):pii=30340.
rice
rice
ricericerice
2.1
3.73.5
2.22.0
5.9
3.6
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap/d
ay
year
13
9 9
15
3
1
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap/n
igh
t
year
13
29
36
42
32
37
29
41
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap
/nig
ht
weeks
23
39
54
35
14
38
29
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap/n
igh
t
year
29
18 2016
9
45
3
0
10
20
30
40
50
24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap
/n
igh
t
weeks
1.51.9
3.43.8 4.0
4.24.1
3.5
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39
n.f
em
ale
s/tr
ap
/da
y
weeks
Provinces
Species
Total females
BO
FC
FE
MO
PC
PR
RA
RE
RN
Ae. albopictus
15,394
3,159
113
4,575
2,032
989
1,539
1,092
1,811
84
Ae. berlandi
5
3
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
Ae. caspius
150,365
14,144
33
80,889
24,380
4,580
2,136
6,244
17,859
100
Ae. cinereus
285
0
0
8
276
0
0
0
1
0
Ae. detritus
48
0
0
46
0
0
0
2
0
0
Ae. geniculatus
689
7
0
18
12
625
18
4
5
0
Ae. rusticus
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ae. vexans
51,756
474
15
1,815
3,071
12,089
25,270
11
9,001
10
An. maculipennis s.l.
3,961
213
15
2,558
735
132
56
46
206
0
An. plumbeus
81
16
0
7
10
15
7
0
26
0
Anopheles spp.
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
Cq. richiardii
697
37
0
138
3
505
2
0
12
0
Cs. annulata
162
30
2
81
13
10
6
6
14
0
Cs. longiareolata
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Cx. hortensis
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
Cx. mimeticus
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Cx. modestus
5,349
177
0
2,022
2,801
124
53
65
107
0
Cx. pipiens
2,191,265
320,881
24,254
840,517
280,233
167,008
178,613
141,590
231,979
6,190
Oc. berlandi
17
16
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
Oc. cantans
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Oc. flavescens
5
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
Ur. unguiculata
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total species
22
15
11
14
12
14
14
12
16
11
Year
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
N. fixed CO2
traps
110
90
88
76
72
72
77
N. fixed Gravid Traps
0
0
8
16
16
16
16
N. adult females mosquitoes
602,721 294,401 309,190 416,948 313,045 237,755 247,135
Commonest species (%)
Cx. pipiens
(92.4) Ae. vexans
(4.1) Ae. caspius (2.8)
Cx. pipiens
(88.4) Ae. caspius (8.3) Ae. vexans
(2.2)
Cx. pipiens (82.2) Ae. caspius (14.7) Ae. vexans
(1.8)
Cx. pipiens
(92.3) Ae. caspius
(4.5) Ae. vexans
(2.4)
Cx. pipiens
(96.0) Ae. caspius
(2.4)
Ae. vexans
(0.6)
Cx. pipiens
(88.7) Ae. caspius (8.7)
Ae. albopictus
(1.6)
Cx. pipiens (91.1) Ae. caspius
(6.7) Ae. albopictus
(1.0)
N. Species
13
12
12
12
11
14
15
