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Foreign Naval AttachForeign Naval Attachéé BriefBrief

CAPT Kevin KovacichDeputy Director, Navy 00X / QDR Integration Group

18 March 2010

Quadrennial Defense Review 2010Quadrennial Defense Review 2010

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Looking Back: Previous Defense ReviewsKey Results

• 1993 Bottom Up Review– Two-war strategy– Force structure focus

• 1997 QDR– Two-war strategy– QDR described a fleet of approx 305 ships

• 2001 QDR– Capabilities-based planning replaces

threat-based planning– 1-4-2-1 and 10-30-30

• 2006 QDR– Defense Strategy

• Defend the homeland• Win the long war• Prevent acquisition/use of WMD

– Force Planning Construct• 2 near simultaneous major conventional campaigns• War on terror/Irregular Warfare campaigns• Homeland Defense

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This QDR was different

SECDEF Foreign Affairs Article

Nuclear Posture Review

Missile Defense Review

Roles & Missions

PR-11CS21CSMaritime Strategy

SupplementalFunding

Naval OperationsConcept

Posture Hearings

POM-10 (amended)

Space PostureReview

National DefenseStrategy

QuadrennialDefenseReview

Confluenceof

EventsEconomic Slowdown

SECDEF Stays

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Products of QDRKey results Navy sought to influence

National Security Defense Strategy

Force Planning Construct• Number, timing, duration and type of conflicts

military should be prepared to address• Decisions will reflect constraints of projected budget

Budget topline

Additionally, QDR may direct specific changes to a limited number of major defense acquisition programs

Success based on:1. DoD leaders agree with Navy and maritime strategy2. The resulting force structure supports the strategy

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Adversaries of greatest concern are pursuing new capabilities and concepts

Scale and Scope

COIN/CT/Stab Ops Conflict w/ “High-End”Adversary

“Provide maximum flexibility against the broadest range of plausible threats.”- Secretary Gates

IW

Symmetric,Force-on-force

High-EndAsymmetric

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• Global Posture– Directed issues

• PACOM growth• Training in Pacific• Korea C2 changes• Fighter laydown• EUCOM Force req• Carrier homeporting

• Cost Drivers– Healthcare savings– In-sourcing – Logistics

• Cyber – USCYBERCOM

• Energy / Climate Change

QDR Issue AreasQDR Issue Areas• Irregular Warfare

– Improve Cooperative Security and Capability

– Improve U.S. Offensive capability

• High End threats– Address capability vs

threats• Nuclear armed• Anti-access• Cyber• WMD

• Civil Support– Prevention of homeland

attacks– Provide consequence

management and border security

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Naval Forces…thriving in an uncertain world

Conflict is not purely “irregular” or “conventional”Requires “Smart Power” - combines soft and hard power

BuildingBuildingPartner Partner CapacityCapacity

Train / Train / Advise / Advise / AssistAssist

ReliefReliefOperations Operations

PeacePeaceEnforcement Enforcement

Show ofShow ofForce Force

NEONEOCombatingCombatingTerrorism Terrorism

COINCOIN

Civil Civil WarWar

Limited Limited WarWar

ForcibleForcibleEntryEntry

Major Major CombatCombat

OperationsOperations

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Relationship between irregular warfare and cooperative security

There is not only challenge in the world ahead (irregular and conventionalwarfare) but opportunity as well (cooperative security)

Cooperative Security JOC Sep 2008

Irregular Warfare JOC Sep 2007

Major Combat Operations JOC Sep 2008

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** Used by our adversaries

CooperativeSecurity

(Shaping)

CooperativeSecurity

(Shaping)

IrregularWarfare (IW)

IrregularWarfare (IW)

ConventionalWarfare (CW)ConventionalWarfare (CW)

Engagement / PresenceBuilding Partnership CapacityPeacekeeping OperationsHumanitarian AssistanceDisaster ReliefSecurity Sector ReformBilateral / Multilateral Training Counterinsurgency

Foreign internal defenseLaw Enforcement ActSupport to IW

Strat CommsInfo opsIntel / Counter-intelPsychological opsCivil Military opsSSTRO / SIBR

Support to CWNon-combatant evacuation

Forcible EntryOps ManeuverOps AccessDeterrence

InsurgencyCounter-terrorism

**Terrorism**Transnational Criminal Act

Unconventional warfareCounter-WMD RaidsStrikes

• SSTRO: Security, Stability, Transition and Reconstruction Operations

• SIBR: Security, Institution Building Reform

• SSTRO: Security, Stability, Transition and Reconstruction Operations

• SIBR: Security, Institution Building Reform

This slide UNCLASSIFIED

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Security Force Assistance in 2008

Naval Dive GFSUSNS GRASP (T-ARS-50)MDS

UNITAS/Partnership of the AmericasUSS G WASHINGTON (CVN-73)USS FARRAGUT (DDG-99)USS KAUFFMAN (FFG-59)USS FORREST SHERMAN (DDG-98)

APSUSS FT MCHENRY (LSD-43)USNS SWIFT (HSV-2)USS ELROD (FFG-55)USS LEYTE GULF (CG-55)USS NASHVILLE (LPD-13)MTT / NCF

CARATUSS TORTUGA (LSD-46)USS JARRETT (FFG-33)USS FORD (FFG-54)P-3NCF

RIMPACUSS KITTY HAWK (CV-63)CVW5 USS BONHOMME RICHARD (LHD-6)USS COMSTOCK (LSD-45)USS LAKE ERIE (CG-70)USS PORT ROYAL (DDG-78)USS PAUL HAMILTON (DDG-60)USS RODNEY M DAVIS (FFG-60)USS KEY WEST (SSN-722)P-3EOD / MDS / MESF / NCF / NCHB

“We will continue to work with our partners in the region to help ensure security and stability…We’ve been here for 60 years and we’ll be here from many more to come”-VADM Gortney, NAVCENT 2008

SPSUSNS SWIFT(HSV-2)MTT / NCFNCIS

BALTOPSUSS GETTYSBURG (CG-64)USS COLE (DDG-67) USNS PATUXENT (T-AO-201)

BLACK SEAUSS MOUNT WHITNEY (LCC-20)MTT

FOAL EAGLEUSS NIMITZ (CVN-68)CVW11USS PRINCETON (CG-59)USS HIGGINS (DDG-76)USS PATRIOT (MCM-7)USS GUARDIAN (MCM-5)P-3 NCF / MESF / EOD

MINEXUSS PATRIOT (MCM-7)USS GUARDIAN (MCM-5)P-3EOD

CENTCOM TSCUSS T ROOSEVELT (CVN-71)USS TRUMAN (CVN-75)CVW 8 / CVW 3USS MONTEREY (CG-61)USS THE SULLIVANS (DDG-68)USS MASON (DDG-87)USS COOK (DDG-75)USS SAN JACINTO (CG-56)USS GLADIATOR (MCM-11)EOD / MDS / NCF / MESF

East Africa TSCUSS ASHLAND (LSD-48)MTT

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Making a difference in Iraq and Afghanistan

Airborne reconnaissance/Close air support• Providing the “eye-in-the-sky”• Protecting and supporting ground forces with precision strike• Navy flies 46% of all tactical missions

Riverine warfare• Securing key waterways like Tigris and Euphrates rivers and

Haditha dam

Expeditionary electronic warfare• Defeating Improvised Explosive Devices (IED)• Countering insurgent and extremist network communications• 75% of Airborne Electronic Attack in Iraq• 100% of Airborne Electronic Attack in Afghanistan

Intelligence/Signals intelligence• Identifying, mapping, tracking extremist activity• Key insights into enemy networks enabling capture

Rotary wing support• Special Operations Forces direct support• Air ambulance for medical evacuation

Delivering unique capabilities essential to success

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Making a difference in Iraq and Afghanistan

Explosive ordnance disposal• Defusing IEDs and clearing land mines• Destroying captured weapon and explosive caches• Providing key prosecution evidence through investigation of the

blast scene

Maritime security• Intercepting smugglers and extremists going to Iraq and Kuwait• Leading coalition counter-piracy efforts throughout the region• Guarding Iraqi and U.S. infrastructure, facilities, and supply lines• Protecting Iraqi and partner nation oil and gas platforms• Defending critical coastal infrastructure such as ports / pipelines

Medical/Dental• Providing more than1,800 naval medical personnel in support

of Iraq and Afghanistan

Delivering unique capabilities essential to success

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Making a difference in Iraq and Afghanistan

Logistics• Transporting 90% of Iraq and Afghanistan equipment via sealift• Running ports in Iraq and Kuwait• Providing contracting services and reconstruction with Iraqi

companies

Engineering and construction• Rebuilding schools, repairing roads, and restoring electricity • Reconstructing electrical, water, sewer systems• Training and equipping Iraqi engineers

Provincial reconstruction• Providing structure and stability, facilitating governance in

Iraq and Afghanistan

Legal• Prosecuting special group criminals• Assisting Iraq draft governing documents

Easing the burden on ground forces by adapting Navy tools and talents

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Remaining forward and engagedWhere we are

Meeting most critical Combatant Commanders’ demands

Combatant Commanders’ demand fulfilledDeployed groupDeployed ship

Rotational Forces

• Assure partners through planned and predictable presence

• Prevent aggressors from capitalizing on presence gaps

• Prompt and credible response capability in areas of interest

• Enable rapid response to influence, contain or deter unexpected crises

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Risk from presence deficitWhere we aren’t

Lost influence with new partners

Rampant piracy

Unprotected allies

Terrorism

Aggressionagainst allies

Missed partnerships

Results in lack of influence…increased risk to the Nation

Combatant Commanders’ demand not filledGroup deployersIndependent deployers

Disorder

Unchecked competition

Mission shortfalls

• Conventional deterrence against aggressors

• Ballistic missile defense for allies

• Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance for COCOMs

• Maritime security with partners

• Partnership building with potential partners

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Fiscal EnvironmentDiscretionary funding pressurized

Deficit spendingEntitlements

Percent of total outlays

Source: Congressional Budget Office

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1962 1970 1978 1986 1994 2002 2010 2018

CBO’s March 2009projections

Percent of total outlays

Discretionary

Mandatory

Net interest

Defense Funding

297 328 365 377 400 411 432 480 513 531 549 566 582 598 61672 91 79 124 169

187 149 128 159 50 50 50 5033

$0

$250

$500

$750

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15

Projection

316 345437 468 479

535601

667 662692 708

616 632 648 666

Base / OCO / Supplemental Fiscal Year

$ in

B

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DoN + DoA + DoAF TOA ProfileIn FY10 Constant $s

050

100150200250300350400450500550600

48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 99 02 05 08

$Bs

Military Personnel O&M Procurement RDT&E

Military Construction Family Housing Rev & Mgmt Funds

Korea Viet Nam Final Phase of Cold War OIF / OEF

24.9%38.8%Redux

12Years

End of Conflict to

ValleyPeak to ValleyKorea

10.5%35.6%Redux

28Years

End of Conflict to

ValleyPeak to Valley

Viet Nam

32.5%39.8%Redux

612Years

End of Conflict to

ValleyPeak to Valley

Cold War

?%?%Redux

??Years

End of Conflict to

ValleyPeak to Valley

OIF / OEF

Data based on National Defense Budget Estimates for FY 2010 (The Green Book), tables 6-16, 6-17 & 6-18

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Balancing the overall forceBalancing the overall force

Increasing needed capacity

• Increasing DDG-51 production

• Accelerating P-8 production

• Expanding the cyber operations force

• Incorporating NECC operations into base budget

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Building needed capability

• Fielding LCS

• Expanding seabasing with Joint High Speed Vessels

• Accelerating unmanned systems– N-UCAS demonstration– Sea Based Medium Range UAV– Tactical UAV (STUAS)

• Truncating DDG-1000

• Expanding sea-based ballistic missile defense

• Deploying SSGN

• Delivering expanded counter-IED, EOD

• Deploying Riverine and Maritime Expeditionary Security Squadrons

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Desired Results of QDR for the Navy

Agreement that:

• The Navy has rebalanced to institutionalize support to IW

• The Navy is supporting the current irregular fights in Iraq and Afghanistan with its multimission platforms and people

• The same Navy fighting today’s wars also deters future conflicts and assures allies

• The Navy is emphasizing proven technologies and needed capacity

• The Navy is developing the capability to hedge against future threats

Goal: QDR validates Navy’s strategy and supports force structure for that strategy

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Questions