PowerPoint Presentation

QSITE 2014Computational Thinking:A 4 Step ProcessPaul Herring

St Peters Lutheran CollegeBrisbane, Queensland

1Our worldview needs to change

Back to the Future: My siteshttp://computationalthinkingk12.wordpress.com

http://www.scoop.it/t/computational-thinking-in-digital-technologies

My main sites for Computational THinking

What do all these domains of knowledge or endeavour have in common? - a recent phenomenon but which is transformational?

BiologyChemistryPhysicsAstronomyNeurological ScienceEngineeringArchitectureGeologyMathematicsEconomicsThe ArtsSocial SciencesMedicineLawEntertainmentGamesSportsLanguagesEducation++

first photo of earth from another planet4Every era demands--and rewards--different skills.In different times and different places, we have taught our children to grow vegetables, build a house, forge a sword or blow a delicate glass, bake bread, create a souffl, write a story or shoot hoops.Now we are teaching them to code.We are teaching them to code, however, not so much as an end in itself but because our world has morphed: We need to teach coding to help our students craft their future. - https://www.edsurge.com/guide/teaching-kids-to-code

Computational Thinking the 4th R Reading, wRiting, aRithmetic & Computational ThinkingThese is a potential tsunami coming of needed change; of lack of qualifications; of serious redefinition of some of what we teach, not just how we teach.

Before continue how many IT teachers; how many maths or science or engineering? How many disliked maths at school do you have similar feelings towards coding?

5Computational Thinking the 4th RUltimately, what is needed is a shift in mindsets, so that people begin to see coding not only as a pathway to good jobs, but as a new form of expression and a new context for learning. - Mitchel ResnickFast forward to 2020. What job skill must you have? What we do know is, for the foreseeable future, coding is one of the most important and desirable skills there is, no matter how it evolves. - http://mashable.com/2013/04/30/job-skill-future-coding/

Positioning coders as artists, and programming as painting, students can be taught the skills and given the encouragement to produce individual work, enabling them to see the personal benefit and reward. We must encourage Britains young people to innovate and aspire to coding careers, with the same aspiration that people pursue the dream of becoming a footballer. DJ Adams - Enterprise Architect & Open Source Programmer

Coding is the new blackGeorge Siemens Learning Analytics from admin sideSylvia maker movement as part and parcel of CTThe teaching of CT LA from the student side7A growing awareness of the impact of Computational Thinking - 3 Game Changers: fabrication (3D printing); physical computing (robotics); programming - ground swell of coding See Gary Stager - http://www.inventtolearn.com/about-the-book/

My humble opinion is that if we work with our young people to develop their skills in innovation, design and "needs" analysis in combination with computational thinking skills then we are facilitating the development of a generation of visionaries and problem solvers not just "code monkeys". Danielle Neale - Serial Entrepreneur | Innovation Consultant

Computational Thinking the 4th RComputational Thinking the 4th RThese is a potential tsunami coming

of needed change; of lack of qualifications; of serious redefinition of some of what we teach, not just how we teach.

Computational thinking encompasses logical thinking, precision, rigour & creativity

Those last two terms are not what some people might put together, but there is a lot of creativity in what some folk class as a science, and others, like me, class as a craftWith computational thinking skills a person can better get to grips with problems, find solutions, be creative and find expression all at the same time. And it gives them a fighting chance of not just surviving, but blossoming in the data tsunami that is brewing under the covers of the everyday world. - Pat Nice, CEO, open source and cloud providerReconnix

Computational thinking will be a fundamental skill used by everyone in the world.

To reading, writing, and arithmetic, lets add computational thinking to every child's analytical ability.

Computational thinking is an approach to solving problems, building systems, and understanding human behavior that draws on the power and limits of computing.Prof. Jeannette M. Wing

Hour of Code Videohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nKIu9yen5nc

"Computational Thinking is a fundamental analytical skill that everyone, not just computer scientists, can use to help solve problems, design systems, and understand human behavior. As such, ... computational thinking is comparable to the mathematical, linguistic, and logical reasoning that is taught to all children. What is Computational Thinking?This view mirrors the growing recognition that computational thinking (and not just computation) has begun to influence and shape thinking in many disciplines - Earth sciences, biology, and statistics, for example.Moreover, computational thinking is likely to benefit not only other scientists but also everyone elsebankers, stockbrokers, lawyers, car mechanics, salespeople, health care professionals, artists, and so on.

from the preface of COMPUTATIONAL THINKING - REPORT OF A WORKSHOP ON THE SCOPE AND NATURE OF COMPUTATIONAL THINKING - (c) National Academy of Sciences.

14"Computational Thinking is the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent. - Cuny, Snyder, Wing

Computer science is having a revolutionary impact on scientific research and discovery. Simply put, it is nearly impossible to do scholarly research in any scientific or engineering discipline without an ability to think computationally. What is Computational Thinking?Computational Thinking enables any explorer tomanipulate, build/modify as needed, a dynamic computational model with;sufficient power to re-compute and re-visualize the model with;appropriate controls and access to expertise to help interpret and understand the model.

The impact of computing extends far beyond science, however, affecting all aspects of our lives.

To flourish in today's world, everyone needs computational thinking. Center for Computational Thinking at Carnegie Mellon University

Computational Thinking the 4th RComputational Thinking is a problem-solving process that includes (but is not limited to) the following characteristics:

Formulating problemsin a way that enables us to use a computer and other tools to help solve them.Logicallyorganizing and analyzing dataRepresenting data through abstractions such as models and simulationsAutomating solutionsthroughalgorithmic thinking(a series of ordered steps)Identifying, analyzing, and implementing possible solutions with the goal of achieving the mostefficient and effective combinationof steps and resourcesGeneralizing and transferring this problem solving process to a wide variety of problemsComputational Thinking - a problem-solving processAs a 4 Step Process:

Posing the right question = Computational ThinkingReal world -> modelling or technical formulation = Design & Algorithmic ThinkingComputation = Programming/CodingVerification =Testing

The 4 Step Process expanded - ScientificallyComputational Thinking is Informational ThinkingGreg Michaelson

19The question cant read the sign

The question which avocado

Practical Examples:

Scan materials or physical objects. Get instant relevant information to your smartphone. Food, medicine, plants, and moreThe world's first affordable molecular sensor that fits in the palm of your hand.SCiOis a tiny spectrometer and allows you to get instant relevant information about the chemical make-up of just about anything around you, sent directly to your smartphone.SCiOis based on the age-oldnear-IR spectroscopymethod. SCiOcommunicates the spectrum to your smartphone app via Bluetooth, which in turn forwards it to a cloud-based service. Advanced algorithms analyze the spectrum and within seconds deliver information regarding the analyzed sample back to the smartphone to be presented in real time to the user.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fVvb3jjGVQhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrtGSEwfIJY

Practical Examples: SCiO

Parked CarsSupermarket QueuesTour ItineraryTheatre Seating DiagramSocial Media Feed AlgorithmsBack-on-Track GPS AlgorithmSchool Wireless Coverage

Practical Examples - ScenariosUnderstand which aspects of a problem are amenable to computationEvaluate the match between computational tools and techniques and a problemUnderstand the limitations and power of computational tools and techniquesApply or adapt a computational tool or technique to a new useRecognize an opportunity to use computation in a new way,Apply computational strategies such as divide and conquer in any domain.Computational Thinking means being able to:Ask good questionsHardest part is understanding/characterising the problemTwo standard approaches here:Ask someone elseLook for a similar problem you already know how to solveWhat makes problems similar?Similar information + computations

Conrad Wolfram argues that Mathematics Education today should involve the same problem solving process:

His steps are:Posing the right question of a real world problem/issueReal world -> math formulation that is, state the problem in terms of its mathematics componentsComputation solve the mathematics models & formulas involvedVerification implement the solutions into the original real world situation to verify their correctness, effectiveness, etc.

Mathematics & the 4 Step Process:The skill that is in great demand today, and will continue to grow, is the ability to take a novel problem, possibly not well-defined, and likely not having a single right answer, and make progress on it, in some cases (but not all!) solving it (whatever that turns out to mean). The problems we need mathematics for today come in a messy, real-world context, and part of making progress is to figure out just what you need from that context.I have had as students (in his Moocs), engineers with years of experience who suddenly found themselves out of a job when their employers replaced them with software systems (or sometimes overseas outsource services). Those engineers are now having to retool to learn this other skill of creative problem solving mathematical thinking.

Kevin Devlin & Mathematical ThinkingHow many different uses for the GPS device thatcomes with your smartphone can you imagine?

How many do you think exist right now that is how many distinctly different uses. There are many Car Navigation apps on the market, but what about other uses?

How many you can come up with?

Next Slide for a starting listThe Power of the MobileNormal car/bike/walk navigationtrack mileage for reimbursementflight log bookmashup between a to-do list and GPStracks your phone, so if you get lostshare your location detailswith friendsamenities nearbyGoogle MapsGolfRunkeeperSpeedoAltimeterFamily Locator is the most reliable and accuratefamily locator & children safety app.Family Locator app lets your family be in touch and stay connected with your friends anytime.Find the value of Taximeter Truck Fleet managementlocation like Google Earthemergency road side assistanceTrack your luggage, laptops, pets and anything of importance - need unit in collarGPS games - eg. GeoCache, a global GPS based treasure-huntFreight Tracking

But/and still need better s/w!Navman - parked next to chapel- "190m from a school zone' - clearly could be better!

Some GPS Apps:

http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs75n/Sensors.pdf 29touchscreenaccelerometergyroscope cameracompass, barometerMagnetometerProximity SensorOrientation SensorInfra-red sensorBluetoothNFCForce SensorUltra-sonic sensorsRFIDIR Spectroscopyetc...????

The Power of the Mobile Add onshttp://www.mosync.com/docs/sdk/cpp/guides/sensors/controlling-sensors/index.html = for coding for sensors30incorporates 3D printing and ultrasonic techto make healing a broken bone more bearable.

A 3D Printed Cast That Can Heal Your Bones 40-80% Faster

Computational Thinking In Primary SchoolsCreating Computationally-generated, Physical ArtifactsComputational Thinking Through MusicCar RacingTeach Algebra Via Computational Thinking And CodingComputational Thinking A Problem Solving Tool For Every ClassroomModeling in Biology Using Computational Thinking

CT in Other Disciplines:Ian Jukes:Our education system is not broken, just obsoleteCreative workforce jobs facilitated by technology and are therefore much less likely to be negatively impacted by the changes brought about byoutsourcing, off-shoring & automation.

Check out my Blog post hereThe importance of Computational Thinking in Education: Disruptive Innovation

3 anticipated skills of a worker in 2014:Teamwork2. Problem solving3. Interpersonal skills

The world doesn't care what you know, it only cares what you can do with what you know!

Long life skills such as creativity, interpersonal skills, critical thinking and problem solving will be the key to success.

Connectivity is transforming knowledge. We live in the age of Info-whelm.Students are now our clients. They have many options for learning - Are we offering them a valuable and competitive product?For the digital generation the world is one great big social network.Mobile devices will transform learning experience.Big data is here to stay.Radical personalization of learning is on the way.

Top 10 Works Skills in 2020

Disruptive Innovation @ Uni level:

Learning Analytics:The Learner is in control able to rewind/pace...Uni of Utah:

Career GrowthSTEM= Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

Degrees vs JobsSTEM= Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

Degrees vs Jobs USA Statshttp://code.org/stats

Degrees vs Jobs USA Statshttp://code.org/stats(based on global energy consumption trends):Comeback of governments Digitization The Internet of things, Automation everywhere, and Intelligent alarming Everything as a service Sustainability Geographical shift Augmented reality, eg. Central Qld Uni uses augmented reality to coach train driversWearable devices, and Home automation.

- Simon Fuller and Michael Postula, Schneider-Electric (ACS Seminar: Brisbane 21 August) CT & the Top 5 Megatrends CQUniversity uses augmented reality to coach train drivers http://www.computerworld.com.au/article/523438/cquniversity_uses_augmented_reality_coach_train_drivers/?utm_medium=newsletter&eid=-6787&utm_source=computerworld-today-pm-edition43Smart cities A safer world A simpler world An emerging world A world of service A greener world

The three principal ramifications of these trends are: Business model disruptionCompetencies and skill sets of your people Segmentation - end-user solutions - customized and personalized

- Simon Fuller and Michael Postula, Schneider-Electric (ACS Seminar: Brisbane 21 August)

CT & the Top Megatrends

1) A greener world 2) Smart cities - high-tech infrastructures where capabilities like integration & mobility are key. 3) A safer world - both physical and logical threats must be given equal attention, & a world in which government regulation will play an evermore critical role. 4) A simpler world - end users will demand & expect an overload of data manageable, easy and useful. 5) An emerging world - global economies are all intertwined; debt challenges will reshape business models. 6) A world of service - just about everything can be delivered as a service; cloud will play big.

44Students:Code for Mobile Apps;Games Design;Computational Biology Cryptography & Encryption algorithmic designBig Data algorithmsAugmented Reality developmentGesture Based Apps: - Leap Motion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_d6KuiuteIA

This is why using games as an example is so powerful: If you tell students that theyll learn how to create a video game, they wont focus on the math, or the skills they have to learn to get there.

Theyre going to focus on what they need to do to make the games. If the goal is exciting enough, the steps to get there cease to be serious barriers. Les Miller, Professor of Computer Science at Iowa State UniversityCreate not consume:21st Century Fluency Project:Problem SolvingCreativityAnalytical ThinkingCollaborationCommunicationEthics, Action, Accountability- from Literacy is Not enough Lee Crockett, Ian Jukes & Andrew Churches

These are long term goals are our students developing these skills; are they mandated in the curriculum?What skills will students most need to succeed in the 21st century?adaptability, fiscal responsibility, personal accountability, environmental awareness, empathy, tolerance ...

46The one thing that I wish I had known about computer science (and programming more generally) earlier is that it is a profoundly creative and interdisciplinary pursuit. What you choose to apply your problem-solving to is something that demands great ingenuity in how one transforms patterns of the physical world into a digital distillation. Coding is a process of both synthesis and genesis; not only is it guided by rules and syntax, but also something you create from scratch (like you would with a painting or a novel).Jasmine Tsai Software Engineer, Hackbright AcademyProfoundly CreativeUltimately, the most effective motivators are autonomy (the ability to chart your own course), mastery (the ability to become an expert at something), and purpose (the idea that what you are doing serves a purpose larger than yourself).Dan Pink see Ted Talk 2009

Computational Thinking as a discipline/approach to problem solving can offer all three of these motivatorsAutonomy, mastery, and purposeAutonomy, mastery, and purpose are three concepts thatDan Pinkexplained with great clarity in his 2009 TED talk. Theessenceof Pink's talk is that tangible rewards (a paycheck, a grade, a promotion) are only effective at motivating people to a certain point.Pasted from http://youtu.be/rrkrvAUbU9Y

48Computational Thinking is now being recognized as vital to our students and our worlds future progress.Computational Thinking needs to be a core part of the curriculum in our schoolsIt is time to recognize that value of this 4 Step Process of Computational Thinking and, begin to integrate it into the curriculum, in particular from Middle School to Junior High and then as Senior syllabi are re-written, the core role that Computational Thinking can play needs to be factored in.The 4 Step ProcessComputational Thinking: A 4 Step Process:

Posing the right question = Computational ThinkingReal world -> modelling or technical formulation = Design & Algorithmic ThinkingComputation = Programming/CodingVerification =Testing