Qin and Han Dynasty Qin and Han Dynasty &&

BuddhismBuddhism

Though his methods were brutal, Though his methods were brutal, Shi Huangdi ushered in China’s Shi Huangdi ushered in China’s

classical age.classical age.

How did Shi Huangdi unite How did Shi Huangdi unite China?China?

How did Shi Huangdi unite How did Shi Huangdi unite China?China?

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Qin DynastyQin DynastyRuler: Shi HuangdiRuler: Shi Huangdi

This period is called a This period is called a classical civilization classical civilization

because it set patterns in because it set patterns in government, philosophy, government, philosophy, religion, science, and the religion, science, and the

arts that served as the arts that served as the framework for later framework for later

cultures. cultures.

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He replaced feudal states with He replaced feudal states with military districts governed by loyal military districts governed by loyal officials.officials.He sent spies to report on local He sent spies to report on local officials.officials.He forced noble families to live He forced noble families to live in his capital so he could monitor in his capital so he could monitor them.them.He jailed, tortured, and killed He jailed, tortured, and killed those who opposed his rule.those who opposed his rule.

He had all books of philosophy He had all books of philosophy and literature burned.and literature burned.He standardized weights and He standardized weights and measures.measures.He created uniformity in Chinese He created uniformity in Chinese writing.writing.He strengthened the He strengthened the transportation system.transportation system.He ordered the building of the He ordered the building of the Great Wall.Great Wall.

Decline: After Shi Huangdi Decline: After Shi Huangdi died, the people revolted against died, the people revolted against the harsh rule and taxes. A the harsh rule and taxes. A peasant, Liu Bang, would lead peasant, Liu Bang, would lead the people to revolt and would the people to revolt and would replace the Qin dynasty with the replace the Qin dynasty with the HanHan

1.1. They improved canals and They improved canals and roads.roads.

2.2. They set up granaries They set up granaries across the empire.across the empire.

Han rulers strengthened the Han rulers strengthened the economy and government of China.economy and government of China.

Han rulers strengthened the Han rulers strengthened the economy and government of China.economy and government of China.

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Economy

1.1. They reorganized finances.They reorganized finances.

2.2. They imposed a They imposed a government government monopolymonopoly on on iron and salt.iron and salt.

3.3. They opened up the Silk They opened up the Silk Road, a trade route linking Road, a trade route linking China and the West.China and the West.

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1. 1. They made Confucianism the They made Confucianism the official belief of the state. official belief of the state.

2. They relied on well-educated 2. They relied on well-educated scholars to run the government. scholars to run the government.

3. They used a 3. They used a civil service examcivil service exam to find the most qualified officials.to find the most qualified officials.

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Government

The Han Golden AgeThe Han Golden Age

Han China made such tremendous advances in so many fields, that the Chinese later called themselves “the people of Han.”

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ScienceScience5

•Wrote texts on chemistry, Wrote texts on chemistry, zoology, and botany.zoology, and botany.•Measured movements of Measured movements of stars and planets.stars and planets.•Invented seismograph to Invented seismograph to measure earthquakes.measure earthquakes.

MedicineMedicine5

•Diagnosed diseases.Diagnosed diseases.•Used herbal remedies and Used herbal remedies and other drugs for treatments.other drugs for treatments.•Developed anesthetics.Developed anesthetics.•Explored uses of Explored uses of acupuncture.acupuncture.

TechnologyTechnology5

•Made paper out of wood Made paper out of wood pulp.pulp.•Pioneered advanced Pioneered advanced methods of shipbuilding.methods of shipbuilding.•Invented the rudder, fishing Invented the rudder, fishing reels, wheelbarrows, and reels, wheelbarrows, and suspension bridges.suspension bridges.

The ArtsThe Arts5

•Built grand temples and Built grand temples and palaces.palaces.•Produced jade and ivory Produced jade and ivory carvings and ceramic carvings and ceramic figures.figures.•Improved bronze working Improved bronze working and silk making techniques.and silk making techniques.

Buddhism in ChinaBuddhism in China

Buddhism became popular among the Chinese, especially in times of crisis. It was appealing because it

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promised an escape from promised an escape from suffering. suffering.

offered hope of eternal offered hope of eternal happiness.happiness.

presented Buddha as a presented Buddha as a compassionate, merciful god.compassionate, merciful god.

taught that anyone could taught that anyone could gain salvation through prayer, gain salvation through prayer, good works, and devotion.good works, and devotion.

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Life is full of suffering. Life is full of suffering. The only cure for suffering The only cure for suffering is to follow the Eightfold is to follow the Eightfold Path, a middle road between Path, a middle road between a life devoted to pleasure a life devoted to pleasure and a life of harsh self-denial.and a life of harsh self-denial.

The Teachings of the BuddhaThe Teachings of the Buddha1

It is important to live a It is important to live a moral life.moral life.Enlightenment is achieved Enlightenment is achieved through meditation. through meditation. The ultimate goal is The ultimate goal is nirvananirvana, union with the , union with the universe and release from universe and release from the cycle of rebirth.the cycle of rebirth.

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Followers Followers accompanied the accompanied the Buddha as he Buddha as he preached across preached across Northern India.Northern India.

Some Buddhists set Some Buddhists set up monasteries and up monasteries and convents that grew convents that grew into centers of into centers of learning.learning.

Missionaries and Missionaries and traders spread traders spread Buddhism across Buddhism across India to many parts of India to many parts of Asia.Asia.

Spread of BuddhismSpread of Buddhism1