Pyroxene
Transcript of Pyroxene
- 1. III.Atoms, Elements andMinerals
- A. Changing scales to looking at the
- elementsof the earth and its crust( 8 most common )
- B. Introduction tomineralsthat comprise rocks
- ( 11 most common )
- C. Thesilicate minerals( 7 )
- D.Otherimportant rock-forming minerals ( 4 )
- E. Mineral properties
2. A. Changing Scale : Zooming in from global view to atomic scale Thecrustis made ofrocks > Rocksare made ofminerals> Quartz Biotite Feldspar 3. A. Changing Scale : Zooming in from global view to atomic scale Rocksare made ofminerals>Mineralsare made ofatoms 4. Atoms and Elements
- Nucleus
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- Protons
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- +Charge
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- Has Mass,Atomic #
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- Neutrons
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- 0 Charge
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- Mass same as One Proton
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- Atomic Mass #
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- Electrons
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- In shells (2, 8, 8)
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- -charge(balances each proton +)
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- Very little Mass
Electron Shells 5. Ions
- Incomplete electron shells tend to be filled
- E.g. Chlorine (Cl - )
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- 17 protons (at.# 17)
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- 17 electrons would make it neutral (no charge) with the last shell one electron short {2, 8,7 }Soooo
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- Tends to grab an electron to fill the third shell
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- Making it anegativelychargedIon(anion)
6. Ions
- Other Common Examples
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- Sodium, at.# 11 {2, 8,1 }Na +
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- Oxygen, at.# 8 {2, 6 },O -2
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- Silicon, at.# 14{2,8,4}Si +4
(Cation) Oxygen Sodium 7. 8. Most Common Elements of Earths Crust Oxygen: O -2 Silicon: Si +4 Aluminum: Al +3 Iron: Fe +2or+3 Calcium:Ca +2 Sodium:Na +1 Potassium:K +1 Magnesium:Mg +2 9. B. Introduction to Minerals
- Halite (Rock Salt)
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- Mineral mined for rock salt and table salt
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- Na gives electron to Cl
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- Opposites attract, elements bond
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- NaCl (Sodium Chloride)
10. Intro to Minerals
- Repeating 3-D pattern forms a Crystalline Solid (orCrystal )
- Naturally occurringcrystals areMinerals
- Crystalline structure and bonding leads to physical properties:hardness, crystal form, cleavage specific gravity (density)(pg. 38-43)
Crystal Form 3 planes of cleavage 11.
- Quartz Crystal
- (SiO 2 )
- Snow Flake(Ice Crystal) due tocrystallinestructure of H 2 O
Some Familiar Crystal Forms Fig. 2.15a 12. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
13. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
14. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
15. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
16. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
17. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
18. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
19. Silica Tetrahedra
- The building block of most common rock forming minerals
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- FourO 2- in a tetrahedral configuration
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- OneSi 4+nested in the center
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- (4 -2 )+4 = -4
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- ( Si O 4 ) -4
-4 20.
- Naturally Occurring
- Crystalline
- Solid
- With adefinitechemical composition
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- A unique composition
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- or
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- A definite range of compositionsMineral Group ,e.g. Olivine
Definition of Mineral 21. C. Silica Tetrahedra and Silicate Minerals
- Si and O bond in atetrahedronshape
- The basic building block of most minerals of the crust
- Bond with othertetrahedraand cations to formSilicate Minerals
* * 22. Silicate Minerals: Examples
- E.g.,Olivine
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- Isolated silicate
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- structure
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- (SiO 4 ) -4+ 2 Fe +2
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- Fe 2 SiO 4
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- Fe Mg SiO 4
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- Mg 2 SiO 4
- (Fe,Mg)2SiO 4OlivineMineralGroup
Definite Range 23. Silicate Minerals: Examples
- E.g.,Olivine
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- Isolated silicate structure
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- bonded with iron and magnesium
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- Makes upmuch of the mantle
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- Fe/Mg rich >50%
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- Silica poor