Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears
description
Transcript of Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears
![Page 1: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears
![Page 2: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ecological Interconnections
![Page 3: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CB 54.2Interconnections
![Page 4: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
We are only one of millionsofspeciesonearth.
![Page 5: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SpeciesintroductionsHunting
HabitatDestructionOther
39%
23%
36%
2%Why are species going extinct?
![Page 6: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Nearly Extinct Species:maybe only 100 individuals exist
CB 55.3
![Page 7: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Habitat loss and fragmentation has been extensive in the US due to human modification of the environment
![Page 8: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What responsibility do we have for the well-being of non-humans?
Under what circumstance should we put the needs of non-humans above the needs of humans?
![Page 9: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Grizzly Bears
![Page 10: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 28
How are bears related to each other?
![Page 11: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 15
12,000 years ago: the grizzly ancestor short-faced bear
![Page 12: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 17 and 23
Short-faced vs grizzly bears
![Page 13: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 28
How closely related are these bear species?
![Page 14: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 200
Grizzly-Polar bear hybrid (from a zoo)
![Page 15: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 78
Grizzly bears live most of their lives alone
![Page 16: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 78
Grizzly bears live most of their lives alone.
What do they do?
![Page 17: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
About 75% of their diet is plants
![Page 18: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
They also eat carrion.
![Page 19: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 85
Some grizzlies are excellent predators, but most eat carrion.
![Page 20: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Bears from temperate climates sleep over the winter in a den.
![Page 21: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 62 and 63
Grizzlies have an amazing ability to gain and lose weight.
![Page 22: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 186
Grizzlies constant search for food can lead to conflicts with humans.
![Page 23: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 215
Grizzlies constant search for food can lead to conflicts with humans.
![Page 24: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 54
cat
dog
grizzly
panda
Different teeth and diets
![Page 25: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 59
Grizzly reproduction
![Page 26: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Spring Summer Fall Winter
(in den)
Birth
year
copulation delayed implantation
gestation birth
Juvenile
year 1
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring den with mom
(lactation)
Juvenile
year 2
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring den with mom
(lactation)
Adolescent
year
Offspring with mom
(lactation)
Offspring on own
Grizzly Bear Reproduction
![Page 27: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 58
Grizzly cubs are born in the den and are very small (~1 lb)
![Page 28: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
winter
fall
summer
spring
youngborn
den w/motherjuveniles
on own
Female Grizzly Bear reproductive cycle
Females are not fertile when caring for offspring
fertiliz-ation
![Page 29: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 76
Female bears are very protective of their young
![Page 30: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 77
Infanticide: males will try to kill young so that mother will become fertile
![Page 31: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Human-Bear Interactions
![Page 32: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Historical Grizzly Bear range
Current Grizzly Bear range
![Page 33: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Hunting Grizzlies
![Page 34: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 216
Hunters
![Page 35: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Studying Grizzlies
CB55.11
![Page 36: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
63 mi
54 mi
•466 mi of roads •950 mi of backcountry trails•97 trailheads•287 backcountry campsites
Yellowstone NP
![Page 37: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
CB 55.12
Yellowstone Grizzly Bear population increases
![Page 38: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
CB 55.16
Artificial corridors allow animals to cross fragmented areas
CB 55.16
![Page 39: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
CB 55.18
Where do grizzly bears fit?
Are they important?
How much of our resources should we share with grizzly bears?
![Page 40: Putting Animal Physiology and Ecology together… Grizzly Bears](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070411/5681472e550346895db46ab1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Bears (1993) Ian Stirling et al., Weldon Owen Pty Ltd pg 231
Animal behavior is unpredictable and inexplicable