PUDDLERS

PUDDLING

• I t is a t illage syst em in which soil is r epeat edly plowed and har r owed under submer ged condit ions

• Sof t en soil f or t r ansplant ing and less per meable t o wat er

• I t changes t he soil t o a homogenous suspension of pr imar y par t icles

• The soils under go t wo def or ming st r esses: nor mal (load) st r ess, associat ed wit h compr ession, and t angent ial st r ess causing shear

• Maximum puddling occur s at moist ur e cont ent s bet ween f ield-capacit y and sat ur at ion

• Levels t he soil• For ms an imper vious layer is below t he

sur f ace, which r educes deep per colat ion losses of wat er .

PUDDLING EQUIPMENTS

• Var ious t illage implement s ar e used f or puddling, t o make soil imper meable by manipulat ing and compact ing it in st anding wat er .

• The implement s r equir ed f or puddling ar e t he ones which r eadily penet r at e t he puddle layer , car r y or ganic mat er ial downwar d and compact and smear at dept h

• Some equipment s used ar e count r y plow, mould boar d plow, disk har r ows, angular puddler s, and r oot iller s

RoTaRy PUDDLER• I t is gener ally t r act or oper at ed.• The t r act or , which is equipped wit h cage

wheels, is used most commonly f or puddling pur pose.

• Also called r ot avat or t iller / power t iller and consist of a power -dr iven shaf t , on which knives or t ines of dif f er ent shapes and sizes ar e mount ed

• I t cut s t he soil, pulver izes t he soil t o powder and spr eads it unif or mly t o level t he f ield. I t is used bot h f or dr y and wet land pr epar at ion (puddling).

• I t consist s of a gr oup of blades at t ached on a shaf t which r ot at es, r eceiving t or que f r om t he PTO of t r act or t hr ough chain & spr ocket ar r angement s.

ROTARY PUDDLER

PowER TILLER• The wheels of power t iller is r eplaced

by cage wheels• The t ynes ar e usef ul in puddling

oper at ion as in t he case of r ot avat or .

RotopuddleR with laseR-guided system

• A wet laser leveling syst em has been successf ully developed at I RRI , in collabor at ion wit h Spect r a-pr ecision of t he Unit ed St at es

• I t assur es a per f ect levelled puddled land

• The base of puddler consist ing of t he r ot ar y puddler is movable

• The height is adj ust ed by t he laser cont r oller which adj ust s t he height of t he r ot opuddler accor ding t o undulat ions of t he land

peg type puddleR• I t is used t o br eak t he soil clods near

sat ur at ion level int o soil par t icles in or der t o pr epar e homogenized puddle t ilt h f or mechanized paddy t r ansplant ing.

• The equipment in combinat ion wit h cage wheel pr ovide higher puddling per f or mance.

• I t consist s of numer ous shar p plat es which t ur n t he soil and makes a colloid wit h wat er pr esent on t he f ield.

• I t also consist s of some spiny cir cular met allic st r uct ur es at t ached t o t he base of t he plat es t o cr eat e mor e dist ur bance and f ine f r ee soil par t icles.

plough

Desi Plow:•I t is a f ully wooden plow, except t hat t he shar e is made of har dened st eel.•it is used in st anding-wat er condit ion, wit h plank at t ached behind it , t o make puddle f ield in leveled f or m.

disc haRRow

• I t is r ecommended f or st icky, waxy, har d, r ough, st ony, r oot y and peat y soils

• I t is used f or wet land pr epar at ion (puddling), in combinat ion wit h ot her t illage-implement s like r ot avat or or cage wheels.

• I t s main oper at ion is t illage, somet imes also used f or puddling as it can dist ur b t he soil sur f ace

Puddling-TyPe FloaTing Power Tiller

• I t was made t o r ule out t he excessive sinkage pr oblem of most wet land implement s, especially in sof t -clay f ields.

• The f loat at ion boat -t ype power t iller s was developed f or wor king in sof t paddy f ields

• The basic component s of puddling-t ype f loat ing t iller s ar e: t he puddling wheel, f loat at ion st r uct ur e, chain and spr ocket t r ansmission and t he engine

• The puddling wheel gener ally consist s of a single or pair of cage-wheels mount ed on a common shaf t , suppor t ed and power ed by t he t r ansmission

ConiCal Tyne Puddler

• I t is modif ied comb har r ows, it sinks excessively in sof t soils

• They may be animal dr awn or t r act or dr awn.• Comb har r ow had a t endency t o accumulat e

t r ash and veget at ion on it s t ines, hence t o r ule out t he pr oblem, t hey ar e r eplaced by conical t ynes

• Cor r esponding cones of t he t wo gangs wer e mount ed in line in an opposit e or ient at ion t o even t he t illage ef f ect acr oss t he f ull widt h of t he machine.

SPring Tine harrow

• Main use is t illage, but also used f or puddling.• Used along wit h cage wheels• Tines br eak t he sop soil and cage wheels

smoot hens it .• Only demer it - ent angles t he debr is wit h t ines.• Needs mor e dr awing power f r om t r act or

RefeRence

• www.rkmp.co.in

• epubs..icar.org.in

• agris.fao.org

• hpagrisnet.gov.in

• agricoop.nic.in