Public Opinion and Ideology. Political ideologies are: Certain ethical set of ideals Principles ...

Public Opinion and Ideology

Political ideologies are: Certain ethical set of ideals Principles Doctrines Myths Symbols of a social

movement Institution Class

that explains how society should work, and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order.

WHAT IS IDEOLOGY?

Any political philosophy that Favors tradition (in the sense of

various religious, cultural, or nationally-defined beliefs and customs) in the face of external forces for change

is critical of proposals for radical social change

Characteristics of Conservatives are:

• Personal responsibility over welfare programs.

• Small or limited government.• Free Markets• Traditional American values –

emphasis on religion in US• Strong National Defense

CONSERVATISM

political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality

Characteristics of Liberals: • Welfare programs to achieve

equality.• Larger government to serve

peoples needs. Especially in the form of spending.

• Traditionally favored farmers, laborers, labor unions, religious and ethnic minorities.

LIBERALISM

ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF A POLITICAL SPECTRUM

LEFT RIGHT CENTER

RADICALFavors extreme changes to create an altered or entirely new social system.

LIBERALBelieves that government must take action to change economic, political, and ideological

MODERATEHolds beliefs that fall between the liberal & conservative views, usually including both.

CONSERVATIVESeeks to keep in place the economic, political, and social structures of society.

REACTIONARYFavors extreme changes to restore society to an earlier, more conservative state

Issue Socialist Democrat Republican Libertarian

Marijuana Legalization

Gun Control

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage



Allow

Gun Control

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage



Allow Allow (mostly)

Gun Control

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage



Allow Allow (mostly) Don’t allow (mostly)

Gun Control

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow

Gun Control

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow

Gun Control Heavy Control of Guns

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow


Limited access with background checks

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow



Allow people to possess certain types of firearms

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow




Allow people to possess any type of firearm

Abortion

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow





Abortion Allow women to choose

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow






Allow women to choose

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow







No abortions

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow







No abortions Allow women to choose

Minimum Wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow








Minimum Wage Mandatory National $15 Dollars per hour

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage

Keep minimum the wage/lower minimum wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage

Welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage

Welfare Free education, food stamps, and retirement services

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage


Increased spending on food stamps, and programs like social security

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage



Lower spending on social programs, but maintain social security

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage

Obamacare; mandatory purchase of health insurance

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage


Repeal Obamacare; let states decides for themselves

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage



No national healthcare

Taxing

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage




Taxing Tax rates that are higher on Rich (90% on top income earners)

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage





Tax rate that taxes richer (45%-60% range)

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage






Tax rate that is lower on all classes of people

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage







No taxes

Gay Marriage




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage







No taxes

Gay Marriage Full equality amongst married couples




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage







No taxes


Full equality amongst married couples




Allow









Raise minimum wage


No minimum wage




No welfare

National Healthcare

Universal Coverage







No taxes



No gay marriage

WHITES:

71% REJECT ADMISSION QUOTAS

83% OPPOSE HIRING PRACTICES BASED ON RACE

LESS IN FAVOR OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS BUT FOR MILITARY SPENDING

16% OPPOSE DEATH PENALTY

AFRICAN AMERICANS:

71% SUPPORT ADMISSION QUOTES

53% SUPPORT HIRING DECISIONS BASED ON RACE

MORE SUPPORTIVE OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS BUT AGAINST MILITARY SPENDING

44% OPPOSE DEATH PENALTY

EFFECTS OF BACKGROUND ON PUBLIC OPINION: RACE AND

ETHNICITY

LIFE EXPERIENCE PLAYS A LARGE ROLE ON PERCEPTION FOR WHITES AND MINORITIES

LOWER INCOME = THE WANT FOR MORE GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS

WHY THE DIFFERENCE?

Male

More aggressive in foreign policy opinions

In favor of death penalty More against Social

Welfare More in favor of

deregulation of the environment

Men and women often differ in these opinions by over 20%

Female

Less likely to support war/violence

Less likely for death penalty

Favor Social Welfare programs

Want protections of environments, children, and consumers

GENDER DIFFERENCES

Total of participants = 100

% in favor of getting rid of death penalty = 40% % in favor of keeping the death penalty = 60%

Period 1: 67% keep Period 4: 59% keep Period 5: 64% keep Period 7: 50% keep

By Gender: % of males for eliminating death penalty: 35% v. 65% % of females for eliminating the death penalty: 44% v. 56%

What accounts for the differences between genders on the death penalty?

EXAMPLE: CLASS DEATH PENALTY DATA

Lower income people In favor of government

programs

High income people Believe in less

government interventions because they do not receive the benefits of the programs

On non economical issues… Higher income people are MORE liberal in general. Why?

INCOME AND EDUCATION

Religion is one of the single most important indicators of someone’s beliefs

Non religious, Jewish, Members of mainline Protestant denominations, tend to be more liberal

Evangelicals, Southern Baptists, Pentecostals are more conservatives

Catholics? The Wild Card.

RELIGION

Younger voters = more liberal

City dwellers = more liberal

Upper Midwest = more liberal

More wealthy voters tend to be economic conservatives but social liberals

Democrats tend to focus on social issues, Republicans tend to focus on economic Issues

OTHER FACTORS

Red Counties v. Blue Counties

Total participants: 73 Democrats: 54 Republicans: 11 Green: 6 Libertarian: 1 Constitution Party: 1

Candidate Selection: Bernie Sanders: 45 Joe Biden: 5 Hillary Clinton: 7 Donald Trump: 4 Mike Huckabee: 3 Carly Fiorina: 3 Marco Rubio: 3 Ted Cruz: 1 Rick Santorum: 1 Ben Carson: 1

But wait… didn’t the same class samples also say they wanted to ban the death penalty by 30%

Hmmm…

YOUNG VOTES AND LIBERALISM: YOUR CLASSES

Public Opinion and Ideology. Political ideologies are: Certain ethical set of ideals Principles ...

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