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2013 THE LITTLEDATA BOOK ON GENDER

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© 2013 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org

Some rights reserved1 2 3 4 16 15 14 13

This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Note that The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you.

The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.

Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

Rights and Permissions

This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC BY 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions:

Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2013. The Little Data Book on Gender 2013. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9820-3. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0

Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation.

All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected].

ISBN (paper): 978-0-8213-9820-3ISBN (electronic): 978-0-8213-9821-0DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9820-3

The Little Data Book on Gender 2013 is a product of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Gender and Development Group of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network of the World Bank.

Design by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, DC.

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iiiThe Little Data Book on Gender 2013

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v

Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Regional tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

East Asia and Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Europe and Central Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Low income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Upper middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Low and middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Contents

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iv 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

The Little Data Book on Gender 2013 is a collaborative effort between the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Gender and Development Group of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network .

The Little Data Book on Gender 2013 was prepared by Liu Cui, Vanessa Moreira da Silva, Juan Feng, Masako Hiraga, Hiroko Maeda, Johan Mistiaen, William Prince, and Emi Suzuki of the Development Data Group and Josefina Posadas of the Gender and Development Group . The introduction was written by Masako Hiraga and Josefina Posadas . Production of the book was coordinated by Azita Amjadi and Alison Kwong; Barton Matheson Willse & Worthington typeset the book . The work was carried out under the direction of Shaida Badiee and Jeni Klugman . Staff from The World Bank's Office of the Publisher oversaw publication and dissemination of the book .

Acknowledgments

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vThe Little Data Book on Gender 2013

IntroductionThe Little Data Book on Gender 2013 is a quick reference for users interested in gender statistics . It presents gender-disaggregated data for more than 200 countries in a straightforward, country-by-country reference on demography, education, health, labor force, political participation, and the Millennium Development Goals . Summary pages that cover regional and income group aggregates are also included .

This third issue of The Little Data Book on Gender reflects the structure of the World Development Report 2012 on Gender Equality and Development . The report looked at the facts and trends surrounding the various dimensions of gender equality in the context of the development process: although many women around the world continue to struggle with gender-based disadvantages, much has changed for the better and at a more rapid pace than ever before . But that progress needs to be expanded, protected, and deepened . While development has closed some gender gaps, other gaps persist, including excess deaths of girls and women, disparities in girls’ schooling, unequal access to economic opportunities, and differences in voice within the household and in society . The report argues that gender equality can enhance productivity, improve development outcomes for the next generation, and make institutions more representative of groups in society . For more information about this landmark report, visit www .worldbank .org/wdr2012 .

As part of its strategy to provide content when, where, and how users want it, the World Bank now offers two new electronic products on gender . The Gender Equality Data and Statistics Portal (data .worldbank .org/gender) is a resource center for the latest gender-relevant data, with statistics from various sources, tools, training materials, and reference documents covering employment, education, health, public life and decision making, human rights, and demographic outcomes for women and men, and girls and boys . The Gender Data Finder mobile application for iOS, Android or Blackberry allows users to browse and search gender-relevant and sex disaggregated data by keyword, topic, region, and more . Visit http://data .worldbank .org/apps for more information .

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vi 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

Data notesThe data in this book are for 1990 and 2011 or the most recent year unless otherwise noted in the table or the Glossary.

•   Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year unless otherwise noted .

•   Regional  aggregates  include  data  for  low-  and  middle-income economies only .

•   Figures in italics indicate data for years or periods other than those specified .

Symbols used:

. . indicates that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data .

0 or 0 .0 indicates zero or small enough that the number would round

to zero at the displayed number of decimal places .

$ indicates current U .S . dollars .

Lettered notes on some country tables can be found in the Notes on page 232 .

Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank . The term country (used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which the authorities report separate social or economic statistics .

The selection of indicators in these pages includes some of those being used to monitor progress toward the Millennium Development Goals . For more information about the eight goals—halving poverty and increasing well-being by 2015—please see the other books in the World Development

Indicators 2013 family of products .

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1The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

Regional tablesThe country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical regions and may differ from common geographic usage .

East Asia and PacificAmerican Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam

Europe and Central AsiaAlbania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan

Latin America and the CaribbeanAntigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St . Lucia, St . Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Uruguay, República Bolivariana de Venezuela

Middle East and North Africa Algeria, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, West Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen

South AsiaAfghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Sub-Saharan AfricaAngola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, , Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

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2 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.07 1.0768 63 72 6885 89 50 53

.. ..

93 106 105 10845 54 69 7113 14 30 2876 85 89 9179 88 87 92

3.2 2.4.. 53.. ..

58 .... .... 81.. 66

400 210

52 81 51 77.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

35 .... .... .... .... ..

49 76 48 7345 59 35 49

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 47 54

13 21

Population (millions) 6,974.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 66,354.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 9,514Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

World

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3The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.10 1.1370 66 74 7153 58 20 22

.. ..

117 127 112 11034 44 80 77

4 6 27 25.. .. 99 96

92 97 99 99

2.6 1.8.. 19.. ..

75 .... ..

71 9284 91

220 83

69 84 65 81.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

37 .... .... .... .... ..

66 80 63 7767 67 52 53

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 52 58

17 18

Population (millions) 1,974.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 8,387.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,248Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 12.5

East Asia & Pacific

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4 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.06 1.0673 64 75 6743 52 19 23

.. ..

103 105 100 10087 91 88 9137 33 61 5194 96 98 9998 99 99 99

2.3 1.8.. 26.. .... 74.. .... ..

99 9870 32

55 75 50 70.. .. 81 80.. .. 19 20.. .. 18 18.. .. 5.3 1.9.. .. 16 16.. .. 18 35.. .. 66 49

46 47.. .... .... .... ..

48 66 46 6436 45 28 41

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 7.5 8.3

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 18 17

.. .. 40 50

.. 18

Population (millions) 408.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3,156.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,734Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 0.7

Europe & Central Asia

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5The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.05 1.0572 65 78 7148 57 17 21

.. ..

116 117 114 11863 59 93 8616 17 45 3685 82 102 10193 93 97 97

3.2 2.2.. 71.. ..

58 .... .... 96

75 ..140 81

40 82 54 8062 60 66 6338 40 32 3629 30 31 30

10.5 5.3 7.0 3.715 21 8 1914 30 14 2871 49 78 5237 41

.. 63

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..37 77 49 7532 62 35 56

.. .. .. ..6.9 6.0 9.7 6.3

.. .. .. ..14 10 19 13

.. .. 35 44

12 25

Population (millions) 589.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 5,050.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 8,574Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 5.5

Latin America & Caribbean

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6 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.05 1.0566 62 74 7068 72 30 34

.. ..

86 103 101 10847 64 71 788 14 30 30

68 84 87 9367 85 88 94

4.9 2.7.. 37.. ..

43 .... .... .... ..

220 81

18 76 20 73.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 49 33.. .. .. .... .. 43 23.. .. 14 29.. .. 43 48

18 .... .... .... .... ..

13 68 16 6511 42 8 37

.. .. .. ..21.5 10.8 19.1 8.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 13 23

4 14

Population (millions) 336.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,279.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,866Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 2.4

Middle East & North Africa

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7The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.07 1.0759 58 67 64

122 116 63 61.. ..

72 99 105 10726 44 55 61

3 7 13 1751 72 87 8947 69 73 86

4.2 2.7.. 71.. ..

41 51.. .... 70.. 48

620 220

36 85 32 819 19 15 20

91 81 85 80.. .. 84 77

37.5 13.6 33.7 10.972 55 65 4613 17 18 2416 28 17 3012 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..34 82 30 7929 64 21 52

.. .. .. ..4.5 3.7 4.4 3.3

.. .. 41.4 36.68 8 12 10.. .. 25 41

6 20

Population (millions) 1,656.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2,174.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,313Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 31.0

South Asia

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8 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 874.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,100.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,258Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 48.5

Sub-Saharan Africa

1.04 1.0451 48 56 54

169 186 103 114.. ..

65 78 96 10319 26 36 43

2 4 5 846 57 67 7459 73 67 76

6.3 4.9.. 106.. ..

16 25.. .... 76.. 48

850 500

58 80 63 76.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... ..

53 73 58 7142 51 44 49

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 21 27

.. 22

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9The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita . Each economy in The Little Data Book on Gender is classified as low income, middle income, or high income . Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies . The use of the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development . Classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status . Note: Classifications are fixed during the World Bank’s fiscal year (ending on June 30), thus countries remain in the categories in which they are classified irrespective of any revisions to their per capita income data .

Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $1,025 or less in 2011 .

Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,025 but less than $12,476 . Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $4,036 .

High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,496 or more .

Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and Spain .

Income group tables

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10 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 816.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 466.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 571Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 48.0

Low income

1.04 1.0454 52 60 58

156 171 90 100.. ..

63 78 103 10817 26 38 442 5 6 9

40 52 65 7053 67 70 77

5.7 4.0.. 92.. ..

23 37.. .... 75.. 47

810 410

67 84 68 83.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... ..

63 80 64 7854 63 51 58

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 20 27

.. 21

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11The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5,022.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 20,835.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,148Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 17.4

Middle income

1.08 1.0866 63 71 6781 83 46 47

.. ..

97 112 106 10841 51 70 728 10 27 26

78 88 93 9479 88 88 94

3.3 2.3.. 50.. ..

60 .... .... 82.. 70

370 190

51 82 49 79.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

32 .... .... .... .... ..

48 77 46 7444 61 32 50

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 39 48

13 19

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12 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2,532.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 4,488.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,772Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 26.7

Lower middle income

1.06 1.0661 58 68 64

109 110 62 63.. ..

81 101 102 10633 48 59 64

7 9 17 2062 78 89 9263 78 79 89

4.2 2.9.. 66.. ..

40 51.. .... 76.. 57

560 260

39 82 37 79.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 76 70.. .. .. ..

62 52 .. ..13 18 .. ..24 30 .. ..20 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..37 78 34 7529 58 23 49

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 6.4 4.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 23 34

11 16

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13The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2,489.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 16,340.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,563Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 8.1

Upper middle income

1.09 1.1171 66 75 7148 53 19 21

.. ..

117 125 111 11147 54 87 839 10 38 32

96 99 99 9792 96 99 99

2.6 1.8.. 30.. ..

76 .... .... 94

90 97130 62

60 82 59 78.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

38 .... .... .... .... ..

57 77 56 7457 63 44 51

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 53 62

14 22

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14 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5,839.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 21,324.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,652Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 20.6

Low and middle income

1.07 1.0765 61 70 6693 97 55 58

.. ..

92 107 105 10838 48 65 67

7 9 24 2373 83 88 9076 86 85 91

3.6 2.5.. 57.. ..

56 .... .... 80.. 65

440 230

53 83 51 79.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

32 .... .... .... .... ..

50 78 48 7545 61 35 51

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 37 46

13 20

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15The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1,135.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 45,242.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 39,860Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

1.06 1.0579 72 83 7711 13 5 6

.. ..

102 103 103 10392 92 101 10243 42 80 6498 96 101 100

.. .. 100 100

1.8 1.7.. 17.. ..

70 .... .... .... ..

16 14

49 73 52 6986 82 90 8714 17 10 15

.. .. .. ..5.5 1.0 1.9 0.6

5 6 3 419 39 11 3176 55 86 6443 47

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..46 68 48 6343 49 36 39

.. .. .. ..6.9 5.4 8.0 8.2

20.7 27.2 31.5 35.914 12 17 19

.. .. 87 92

12 24

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16 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 332.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 12,871.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 38,661Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Euro area

1.06 1.0680 73 84 79

9 11 4 4.. ..

104 104 105 10694 93 107 10932 34 65 5599 98 100 98

.. .. 100 100

1.5 1.6.. 8.. .... .... .... .... ..

11 6

41 68 50 6584 80 88 8016 20 12 2014 16 9 12

5.5 1.4 1.4 0.77 8 2 4

21 42 12 3572 50 85 6040 4879 76

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..38 64 44 5838 46 31 37

.. .. .. ..13.6 7.0 10.3 9.851.6 50.4 43.9 45.2

27 18 23 23.. .. 89 93

12 28

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17The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

China

Unless otherwise noted, data for China do not include data for Hong Kong SAR, China; Macao SAR, China; or Taiwan, China .

Cyprus

GNI and data calculated using GNI refer to the area controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus .

France

Data for Mayotte, to which a reference appeared in previous editions, are included in data for France .

Georgia

GNI and population data and data calculated using GNI and population exclude Abkhazia and South Ossetia .

Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia

Data for each country are shown separately where available . However, some indicators for Serbia prior to 2006 include data for Montenegro; these data are noted in the tables . Moreover, data for most indicators for Serbia from 1999 onward exclude data for Kosovo, which in 1999 became a territory under international administration pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999) . Kosovo became a member of the World Bank on June 29, 2009, and its data are shown where available .

Moldova

GNI and population data and data calculated using GNI and population exclude Transnistria .

Morocco

GNI and data calculated using GNI include Former Spanish Sahara .

South Sudan and Sudan

South Sudan declared its independence on July 9, 2011 . Data are shown separately for South Sudan where available . However, data reported for Sudan include South Sudan unless otherwise noted .

Tanzania

GNI data and data calculated using GNI refer to mainland Tanzania only .

For more information, see World Development Indicators 2013 or data .worldbank .org .

Country tables

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18 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 35.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 16.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 470Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

South Asia Low income

Afghanistan

1.06 1.0642 42 49 49

188 196 99 103.. ..

21 37 81 11410 20 34 621 3 1 5

14 39 .. .... .. .. ..

8.0 6.2.. 103.. 40.. 21.. .... 48.. 39

1,300 460

16 82 16 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... 18.. ..

12 13100 100

.. ..14 76 14 7411 52 10 50

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3 15

4 28

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19The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 12.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,980Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Albania

1.07 1.0775 69 80 7439 43 14 15

.. 16

99 99 .. ..85 93 .. ..

9 8 50 38.. .. .. .... .. 99 99

3.2 1.5.. 16.. 10.. 69.. 13.. 97

93 9948 27

53 75 50 71.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... 52.. 80.. ..

47 68 43 6239 53 34 43

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 15.9 12.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 28 26

.. .. 23 34

29 16

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20 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 36.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 160.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,470Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Algeria

1.05 1.0568 66 75 7262 70 28 32

.. ..

86 103 106 11254 70 96 94

.. .. 38 2673 89 94 9562 86 89 94

4.7 2.2.. 6.. 2

51 61.. 11

58 8977 95

220 97

10 74 15 72.. .. 36 32.. .. 64 68.. .. .. .... .. 8.5 3.4.. .. 6 13.. .. 30 34.. .. 64 54.. 15.. ..

14 14100 100

.. ..7 61 12 646 37 6 37.. .. .. ..

17.0 21.7 19.1 8.1.. .. .. .... .. 38 19.. .. 20 46

2 32

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21The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 69.5GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

American Somoa

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

100 98 .. ..95 91 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..99 97 .. ..

2 3 .. .... .. .. ..

0.3 0.1 .. ..0 4 .. ..

45 43 .. ..25 52 .. ..42 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..1.7 3.6 .. ..

.. .. .. ..12 12 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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22 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 86.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 41,750Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Andorra

.. ..

.. .. .. ..8 9 3 4.. ..

.. .. 82 82

.. .. 88 86

.. .. 13 9

.. .. 67 60

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.2

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 47

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 50

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23The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 19.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 75.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,830Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 54.3

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Angola

1.03 1.0343 39 53 50

232 254 150 165.. 25

81 88 112 137.. .. 25 370 1 3 4.. .. 40 53.. .. 66 80

7.2 5.3.. 153.. .... .... .... 80.. 47

1,200 450

66 76 63 77.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

12 12100 100

.. ..62 71 59 7247 50 45 51

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 39 39

15 34

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24 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 89.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 11,940Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Antigua and Barbuda

.. ..77 72 .. ..23 30 7 9

.. ..

99 104 95 102124 121 104 106

.. .. 19 1093 103 92 103

.. .. .. ..

1.7 .... .... ..

53 .... .... 100.. 100.. ..

.. .. .. ..83 78 .. ..16 21 .. ..14 15 .. ..

0.9 0.7 .. .... .. 1 4.. .. 5 26.. .. 94 70.. 51.. .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

0 11

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25The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 40.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Argentina

1.04 1.0475 68 80 7225 31 13 16

.. 34

106 107 117 11974 67 95 8542 36 90 60

.. .. 108 10699 98 99 99

3.0 2.2.. 55.. .... .... ..

95 ..96 9571 77

41 78 47 7570 68 81 7430 32 19 2627 25 16 20

2.5 0.7 1.2 0.40 1 0 2

18 39 10 3382 60 89 6437 45

.. 6513 1360 100

.. 2338 74 43 7036 59 25 43

.. .. .. ..7.3 7.3 8.5 6.2

.. .. 30.9 21.616 12 22 17

.. .. 32 35

6 37

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26 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 10.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,360Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 2.5

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Armenia

1.07 1.1471 65 77 7143 51 15 19

.. 37

96 93 86 83.. .. 90 88.. .. 55 43.. .. 85 82

100 100 100 100

2.5 1.7.. 34.. 7

56 55.. 14.. 99

100 10046 30

61 77 49 70.. .. 60 62.. .. 40 38.. .. 40 36.. .. 17.1 7.6.. .. 49 39.. .. 8 25.. .. 43 35.. 43.. 56.. 20.. 100.. 22

36 53 32 5218 34 14 23

.. .. 7.5 12.0

.. .. 35.0 21.9

.. .. 63.8 52.2

.. .. 55 37

.. .. 18 17

36 11

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27The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 108.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Aruba

1.05 1.0576 71 78 73

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. 106 112

.. .. 91 90

.. .. 37 27

.. .. 93 88

.. .. 99 99

2.2 1.7.. 28.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..95 90 94 88

5 10 6 122 5 3 5

0.6 0.1 0.4 0.10 0 0 15 28 6 33

95 71 93 6644 4971 ..

.. ..

.. ..29 40

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..6.3 5.9 6.5 5.0

13.8 16.2 .. ..11 13 23 24

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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28 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 22.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,111.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 49,790Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Australia

1.06 1.0680 74 84 80

8 10 4 5.. ..

106 106 105 105134 134 128 13538 33 92 68

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

1.9 1.9.. 13.. ..

76 .... ..

100 98100 ..

10 7

52 76 59 7288 83 91 8712 17 9 13

9 12 7 111.2 0.5 0.3 0.2

4 7 2 413 34 9 3283 59 88 6444 47

.. 7112 52

.. ..

.. 3747 67 56 6956 59 60 62

.. .. .. ..7.2 6.7 5.3 4.9

17.1 24.1 18.0 19.713 13 11 12

.. .. 99 100

6 25

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29The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 8.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 405.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 48,170Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Austria

1.06 1.0679 72 84 78

8 11 4 5.. ..

102 102 99 10096 105 97 10130 34 74 63

.. .. 98 99

.. .. .. ..

1.5 1.4.. 10.. .... .... ..

100 ..100 ..

10 4

43 70 54 68.. .. 89 84.. .. 11 16.. .. 9 9.. .. 2.3 1.99 7 5 6

20 49 12 3870 44 82 5742 48

.. 8016 16

100 100.. 27

42 68 52 6558 64 49 59

.. .. .. ..3.6 3.0 4.3 4.0

18.5 18.4 24.2 27.54 4 9 8.. .. 97 98

12 28

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30 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 9.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 48.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,290Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Azerbaijan

1.07 1.1669 61 74 6888 100 43 47

.. 25

110 111 95 9688 87 98 10019 28 20 1995 97 92 93

.. .. 100 100

2.7 1.9.. 32.. 12.. 51.. 23.. 77

97 8856 43

54 71 62 69.. .. 37 48.. .. 63 52.. .. 62 47.. .. .. .... .. 44 32.. .. 6 22.. .. 50 47.. 44.. .... 18.. 100.. 7

50 63 58 6438 37 31 32

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 6.4 4.5

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 15 14

.. .. 14 16

.. 16

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31The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 347.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 7.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 21,970Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Bahamas, The

1.06 1.0673 66 79 7220 23 15 17

.. ..

95 94 115 11397 95 98 9329 13 .. ..

.. .. 99 95

.. .. .. ..

2.6 1.9.. 29.. ..

62 .... .... 98

99 9952 47

65 80 69 7989 84 90 8110 15 9 19

.. .. .. ..0.7 0.3 0.4 0.2

2 9 2 65 24 4 22

93 67 94 7250 5052 ..

8 13100 100

33 5258 70 60 7139 50 36 46

.. .. .. ..12.2 12.1 13.7 13.640.1 22.6 .. ..

20 14 22 17.. .. .. ..

4 13

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32 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 20.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 15,920Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Bahrain

1.05 1.0574 71 76 7520 21 10 10

.. ..

113 110 107 10889 87 105 10120 15 44 18

106 102 .. ..97 97 100 100

3.7 2.5.. 15.. ..

54 .... .... 100.. 97

23 20

28 88 39 87.. .. 99 96.. .. 2 4.. .. 1 2.. .. 0.8 0.50 3 .. ..7 33 .. ..

92 64 .. ..8 10.. ..6 6

100 100.. ..

26 83 31 8315 47 20 38

.. .. .. ..11.8 5.2 .. ..

.. .. .. ..34 22 .. ..

.. .. 49 79

.. 10

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33The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 150.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 117.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 780Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 43.3

South Asia Low income

Bangladesh

1.05 1.0559 60 70 68

138 140 44 489 13

74 88 .. ..14 27 55 481 7 8 13.. .. .. ..

38 52 78 75

4.5 2.2.. 70

73 6640 6118 1726 5510 32

800 240

62 88 57 84.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

85 54 .. ..9 16 .. ..2 25 .. ..

20 .... ..

12 16100 100

.. ..60 85 54 8155 72 45 59

.. .. 6.4 25.71.9 2.0 7.4 4.2

.. .. .. ..2 3 .. .... .. 35 44

10 20

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34 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 273.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,660Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Barbados

1.04 1.0477 72 80 7416 20 18 22

.. ..

115 116 125 12682 91 110 9820 14 90 36

.. .. 114 108

.. .. .. ..

1.7 1.6.. 41.. ..

55 .... ..

100 100.. 100

120 51

61 78 65 7691 85 .. ..9 15 .. ..9 14 .. ..

0.6 1.0 .. ..6 7 2 4

14 29 10 3070 56 87 6647 51

.. ..12 12

100 10043 4748 65 56 6939 44 37 46

.. .. .. ..20.2 10.3 12.5 9.861.3 55.3 .. ..

41 22 .. .... .. .. ..

4 10

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35The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 9.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 55.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,830Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Belarus

1.07 1.0676 66 77 6515 20 5 6

.. ..

96 96 98 9899 95 103 106

.. .. 100 7195 95 103 104

100 100 100 100

1.9 1.5.. 21.. .... .... .... ..

100 10037 4

60 75 50 63.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

55 56.. .... 18.. 100.. ..

53 66 46 5738 40 27 35

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 58 59

.. 27

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36 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 11.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 506.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 45,930Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Belgium

1.05 1.0580 73 83 78

9 11 4 5.. ..

100 99 104 10499 98 109 11237 38 79 6281 75 93 89

.. .. .. ..

1.6 1.8.. 12.. ..

78 .... .... ..

100 ..10 8

36 61 48 6183 80 90 8317 20 11 1817 18 9 12

6.2 0.8 1.9 0.52 4 1 2

16 40 10 3581 56 89 6439 4780 8015 1582 8230 3034 58 44 5629 34 24 29

.. .. .. ..11.4 4.6 7.2 7.168.4 64.8 49.7 47.1

19 10 19 19.. .. 97 95

9 38

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37The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 356.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,710Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Belize

1.03 1.0374 71 78 7539 49 15 19

.. ..

106 115 116 12662 62 75 78

.. .. 26 1690 95 107 11477 76 .. ..

4.5 2.7.. 72.. 26

47 34.. ..

96 9977 9471 53

36 82 48 8276 68 .. ..24 32 .. ..

.. .. .. ..2.6 3.3 .. ..

5 33 .. ..13 23 .. ..79 41 .. ..34 3850 ..12 1480 10041 ..30 75 42 7727 59 32 57

.. .. .. ..2.1 4.4 13.0 5.9

51.6 30.8 .. ..4 7 .. .... .. .. ..

0 3

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38 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 9.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 7.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 780Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 47.3

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Benin

1.04 1.0452 46 58 54

171 183 103 109.. 23

35 71 120 1379 23 39 641 5 6 15

12 28 66 8427 55 45 66

6.7 5.2.. 100.. 34.. 17.. 30.. 84.. 74

770 350

57 89 67 78.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

21 .... ..

14 14100 100

.. ..57 88 67 7855 79 57 56

.. .. 76.1 72.80.6 2.2 .. ..

.. .. .. ..1 3 .. .... .. 10 11

3 8

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39The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 64.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

.. ..78 70 82 77

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. 89 91

.. .. 83 71

.. .. 43 20

.. .. 100 100

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.8

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..49 49

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..4.3 7.5 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

South Asia High income

Bermuda

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40 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

1.04 1.0454 51 69 65

130 147 50 57.. ..

41 68 111 110.. .. 77 73.. .. 7 10

20 27 105 101.. .. .. ..

5.8 2.3.. 46.. 26

19 66.. .... 97

15 651,000 180

50 78 66 77.. .. 17 40.. .. 83 60.. .. 83 60.. .. 34.4 24.4.. .. 68 53.. .. 9 10.. .. 24 37.. 27.. 60.. .... .... 27

48 77 63 7534 47 44 41

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 4.5 1.8

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 11 7

.. .. .. ..

2 9

Population (thousands) 738.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,130Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 10.2

South Asia Low middle income

Bhutan

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41The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 20.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,020Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 15.6

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Bolivia

1.05 1.0561 57 69 64

112 127 48 5419 23

102 110 99 101.. .. 80 82.. .. 35 42

64 78 95 9592 96 99 100

4.9 3.3.. 75

24 2230 6123 2046 8643 71

450 190

50 83 64 8148 63 33 4652 37 67 5450 32 64 476.7 3.6 32.7 12.6

0 2 33 3112 35 10 2888 63 57 4135 37

.. 598 12.. 100

26 2948 79 60 7839 58 44 55

.. .. 18.4 21.812.3 21.1 4.4 2.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 25 31

9 25

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42 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 18.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,780Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Bosnia and Herzegovina

1.07 1.0774 62 78 7316 21 7 9

.. ..

.. .. 91 90

.. .. 91 88

.. .. 43 33

.. .. 76 75

.. .. 100 100

1.7 1.1.. 14.. 6.. 36.. 23.. 99

97 10018 8

35 57 35 59.. .. 74 75.. .. 25 25.. .. 25 25.. .. 10.2 2.3.. .. 21 19.. .. 16 36.. .. 63 45.. 41.. .... 52.. 100.. ..

26 44 25 4312 20 10 18

.. .. 9.5 11.721.6 15.5 29.9 26.0

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 60 57

.. .. 48 67

.. 21

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43The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 15.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,470Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Botswana

1.03 1.0366 62 52 5449 57 24 28

.. ..

108 100 108 11242 38 84 79

4 5 8 797 81 98 9792 86 97 94

4.7 2.7.. 45

10 ..33 53

.. ..92 9478 95

140 160

67 81 72 8265 67 59 6235 33 41 3834 31 39 33

6.8 1.4 4.4 2.1.. .. 24 35.. .. 11 19.. .. 65 46

34 41.. 55

12 1225 25

.. 3049 63 57 6930 41 37 46

.. .. .. ..17.2 11.7 19.9 15.3

.. .. 60.3 59.233 20 .. ..

.. .. 28 32

5 8

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44 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 196.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2,107.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 10,720Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 6.1

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Brazil

1.05 1.0570 63 77 7052 64 14 1721 ..

130 131 .. .... .. .. ..

11 10 .. .... .. .. .... .. 99 97

2.8 1.8.. 76

26 3659 8118 ..74 9870 97

120 56

45 85 60 8168 65 69 6432 35 25 3330 29 22 279.4 4.3 6.3 3.413 28 12 2113 28 13 2974 44 75 5035 42

.. 6817 17

100 100.. 36

42 79 54 7738 69 43 62

.. .. 2.6 5.83.5 3.8 11.0 6.1

.. .. .. ..7 7 23 14.. .. 51 61

5 9

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45The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 405.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 12.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 31,800Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Brunei Darussalam

1.06 1.0676 72 80 7611 14 7 8

.. ..

113 118 106 10475 69 113 111

8 5 25 15129 115 120 120

98 98 100 100

3.5 2.0.. 23.. .... .... ..

100 9998 10029 24

44 82 56 7796 94 .. ..

4 6 .. ..3 4 .. ..

0.6 0.4 .. ..2 2 .. ..9 31 .. ..

90 66 .. ..23 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..43 78 53 7330 46 37 44

.. .. .. ..6.7 3.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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46 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 48.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,640Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Bulgaria

1.06 1.0675 68 78 7120 25 11 13

.. ..

95 96 102 10399 99 87 9128 24 65 49

100 100 106 106.. .. 98 98

1.8 1.5.. 38.. .... .... .... ..

99 10024 11

55 63 49 60.. .. 91 85.. .. 10 15.. .. 7 10.. .. 1.3 0.8.. .. 5 8.. .. 25 41.. .. 70 51

52 49.. 53

17 19100 90

.. 3745 50 44 5333 26 20 27

.. .. .. ..22.0 20.9 10.0 12.352.3 52.6 54.8 57.1

.. .. 25 28

.. .. 55 50

21 23

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47The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 17.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 9.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 580Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 44.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Burkina Faso

1.05 1.0550 47 56 54

202 215 142 1517 10

23 37 76 825 10 20 250 1 3 5

13 23 42 4814 27 33 47

6.8 5.8.. 119

62 528 16

25 3159 9442 66

700 300

77 91 78 901 6 4 10

98 93 94 8898 92 93 87

87.3 52.2 69.2 26.5.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

23 27.. ..

14 14100 100

.. 3176 88 76 8772 80 70 76

.. .. 34.5 49.0

.. .. 1.7 2.9

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3 5

.. .. 11 16

.. 16

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48 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 8.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 250Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 81.3

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Burundi

1.03 1.0348 45 52 49

175 190 133 145.. 27

63 78 165 1644 6 24 320 1 2 4

33 48 62 6248 59 78 78

6.5 4.2.. 20

17 209 22.. 32

79 9919 60

1,100 800

91 90 84 82.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

14 .... ..

12 1290 50

.. ..85 84 79 7775 70 61 56

.. .. 32.4 31.30.3 0.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..0 1 .. .... .. 6 9

.. 31

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49The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 14.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 11.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 18.6

East Asia & Pacific Low income

Cambodia

1.05 1.0557 54 64 62

108 125 37 47.. 27

124 155 122 129.. .. 45 480 2 11 18.. .. 90 90.. .. 86 88

5.7 2.5.. 35.. 18.. 51.. 17.. 89.. 71

830 250

78 84 79 87.. .. 27 36.. .. 73 64.. .. 73 64.. .. 13.9 16.2.. .. 57 55.. .. 18 16.. .. 26 29.. .... ..

12 13100 50

.. 2177 84 78 8573 68 70 69

.. .. 33.9 35.0

.. .. 0.1 0.3

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3 4

.. .. 4 4

.. 20

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50 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 20.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 24.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,210Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 9.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Cameroon

1.03 1.0355 52 53 51

137 154 120 13518 ..

89 104 111 12820 30 47 56

.. .. 11 1452 56 72 84

.. .. 77 89

5.9 4.4.. 118

58 3816 2322 379 8564 64

670 690

55 80 64 77.. .. 11 29.. .. 89 71.. .. 87 67.. .. 37.2 22.3.. .. 58 49.. .. 12 13.. .. 30 38.. 26.. ..

14 14100 100

.. ..53 74 62 7436 47 40 46

.. .. 43.4 43.5

.. .. 4.5 3.1

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 11 19

14 14

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51The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 34.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,570.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 45,550Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Canada

1.05 1.0681 74 83 797 9 5 6.. ..

103 104 100 100100 99 100 103100 81 .. ..

.. .. 96 96

.. .. .. ..

1.8 1.6.. 12.. .... .... .... 100

100 1006 12

58 76 62 7190 82 92 9010 18 8 10

.. .. .. ..0.9 0.2 0.1 0.1

2 5 1 312 34 10 3286 61 89 6547 5070 6717 1757 5534 3652 67 58 6658 57 57 54

.. .. .. ..8.1 8.2 7.0 7.86.0 7.9 11.8 13.911 14 12 16

.. .. 97 94

13 25

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52 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 500.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,540Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 21.0

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Cape Verde

1.03 1.0368 62 78 7054 62 20 23

.. ..

119 123 105 11421 20 97 830 0 24 17

56 58 96 9486 90 99 97

5.3 2.3.. 72.. ..

24 .... .... .... ..

200 79

42 85 51 83.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... 9.. 90.. ..

40 79 48 7843 71 42 65

.. .. .. ..22.6 23.3 .. ..

.. .. .. ..42 41 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

12 21

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53The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 56.7GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Cayman Islands

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 99 99

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 95 87

.. .. 5 12

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..0 2 1 33 34 4 33

98 64 94 6350 51

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 44

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..12.2 5.3 4.1 3.8

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 13 14

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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54 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 480Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 62.8

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Central African Republic

1.03 1.0351 47 50 47

163 175 157 170.. ..

54 86 79 1097 16 13 230 2 1 4

19 42 33 5335 63 58 72

5.8 4.5.. 100.. 68.. 15.. .... 68.. 54

930 890

69 87 73 85.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

14 1450 50

.. ..65 81 68 8052 64 51 61

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3 3

4 13

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55The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 11.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 8.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 720Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 61.9

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Chad

1.03 1.0352 49 51 48

198 219 160 177.. ..

30 69 86 1152 11 15 35.. .. 1 46 27 29 479 26 41 53

6.7 5.9.. 143.. 68.. 5.. .... 53.. 23

920 1,100

64 81 64 801 9 .. ..

98 90 .. ..98 90 .. ..

44.4 13.2 .. ..86 80 .. ..

1 3 .. ..13 16 .. ..4 .... ..

14 1450 50

.. ..60 76 60 7551 51 50 51

.. .. .. ..0.3 1.1 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 7 11

.. 15

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56 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 153.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Channel Islands

1.06 1.0678 73 82 78

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

1.5 1.5.. 9.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 18

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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57The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 17.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 212.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,280Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Chile

1.04 1.0477 71 82 7617 21 8 10.. ..

104 106 101 10480 76 91 8824 28 68 64

.. .. 99 9999 98 99 99

2.6 1.8.. 56.. ..

56 58.. ..

95 ..99 10056 25

32 77 47 7477 71 62 7320 28 26 27

.. .. 24 25

.. .. 2.2 0.96 25 5 14

14 30 10 3180 44 85 5537 3850 5918 18

100 100.. ..

29 71 43 7019 43 25 38

.. .. .. ..5.7 5.7 8.7 6.1

27.2 14.7 .. ..12 13 21 15

.. .. 41 43

.. 14

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58 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1,344.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 6,643.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,940Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 11.8

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

China

1.13 1.1871 68 75 7248 50 14 15

.. ..

126 139 115 11132 43 83 80

3 5 28 25.. .. .. ..

91 97 99 99

2.3 1.6.. 9.. ..

85 85.. ..

70 9494 100

120 37

72 85 68 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

38 .... ..8 13

100 100.. ..

70 80 65 7674 69 59 54.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 60 68

21 21

b

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59The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 46.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 284.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,070Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 8.2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Colombia

1.05 1.0572 64 77 7031 38 16 2023 34

113 99 110 11457 48 102 9316 15 45 4186 63 111 11292 89 99 98

3.1 2.1.. 69

22 2366 7911 783 9794 99

170 92

32 77 56 8072 65 48 4528 35 52 5526 30 49 48

2.4 0.8 7.1 3.71 2 5 26

25 35 16 2374 63 79 5142 46

.. 6012 12

100 100.. ..

25 69 48 7318 51 28 44

.. .. 4.4 8.313.2 8.1 15.0 9.1

.. .. .. ..25 15 30 18

.. .. 25 36

5 12

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60 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 753.9GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 581.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 770Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 46.1

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Comoros

1.05 1.0558 54 62 60

113 130 74 85.. ..

71 101 90 10628 41 .. ..

0 1 9 1037 43 65 84

.. .. 85 86

5.6 4.9.. 52.. .... .... .... .... ..

440 280

27 80 35 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

14 14100 100

.. ..26 75 33 7521 51 22 48

.. .. .. ..16.9 21.3 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 18 26

0 3

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61The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 67.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 13.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 190Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 87.7

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Congo, Dem. Rep.

1.03 1.0348 45 50 47

171 192 158 178.. 21

48 67 89 10314 29 29 50

.. .. 3 937 62 50 67

.. .. 62 68

7.1 5.7.. 177.. 398 17.. 24.. 89.. 80

930 540

67 75 70 73.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

26 .... ..

14 1467 67

.. ..64 70 66 6845 37 44 38

.. .. 21.4 19.5

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3 5

5 9

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62 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 9.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,250Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 54.1

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Congo, Rep.

1.03 1.0358 55 59 56

113 124 94 103.. ..

122 130 113 11942 55 .. ..

2 8 7 1160 61 69 73

.. .. .. ..

5.4 4.5.. 114.. 33.. .... .... .... ..

420 560

60 73 68 73.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

26 .... ..

15 15100 100

.. ..57 68 64 6840 42 40 41

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 7 11

14 7

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63The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 36.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,640Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 3.1

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Costa Rica

1.05 1.0578 73 82 7715 19 9 11

.. ..

102 103 107 10845 42 104 99

.. .. 49 3881 78 101 97

.. .. 99 98

3.2 1.8.. 63.. ..

75 82.. ..

95 9098 9938 40

33 84 46 7978 67 79 7422 33 21 2621 26 19 21

6.3 4.7 1.7 1.06 34 4 20

24 27 11 2569 39 84 5537 4353 6017 17

100 100.. 35

31 79 44 7631 65 32 52

.. .. 1.6 3.45.9 4.1 10.3 6.0

13.9 8.4 .. ..10 8 22 14

.. .. 41 60

11 39

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64 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 20.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 22.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,090Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 23.8

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Côte d’Ivoire

1.02 1.0254 51 57 54

138 164 105 12515 ..

56 79 80 96.. .. .. ..1 4 6 11

30 50 52 6538 60 62 72

6.3 4.3.. 110

44 ..11 1327 2983 8545 57

710 400

43 88 52 81.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

14 14100 100

.. ..42 82 50 7735 64 39 57

.. .. 43.6 47.7

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

6 10

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65The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 59.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 13,540Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

High income

Croatia

1.06 1.0676 69 80 7411 14 5 6

.. 24

81 81 93 9384 81 99 9325 26 62 46

.. .. 93 93100 100 100 100

1.6 1.5.. 13.. .... .... .... 100

100 1008 17

47 69 46 60.. .. 78 77.. .. 22 23.. .. 19 17.. .. 5.5 1.2.. .. 16 15.. .. 16 37.. .. 67 48

43 47.. 58.. 52.. 100.. 25

41 62 40 5225 29 20 27

.. .. .. ..11.2 11.1 13.2 13.7

.. .. 65.2 62.739 42 37 36

.. .. 87 90

.. 24

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66 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 11.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 61.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,460Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Cuba

1.06 1.0676 73 81 7712 15 5 6

.. 46

98 102 100 10295 84 90 9125 18 101 61

.. .. 99 98

.. .. 100 100

1.8 1.5.. 44.. 40

70 74.. 8.. 100

100 10063 73

35 72 43 70.. .. 94 78.. .. 6 23.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 8 25.. .. 12 20.. .. 80 55.. 45.. ..

18 18100 100

.. ..35 71 42 6928 53 35 45

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 2.7 2.4

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 4 3

.. .. .. ..

34 45

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67The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 145.6GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Curaçao

.. ..

.. .. 80 72

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 2.2

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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68 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 23.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 29,450Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Cyprus

1.07 1.0779 75 82 7710 12 3 3

.. ..

101 101 102 10294 92 92 9114 14 46 51

101 101 101 98100 100 100 100

2.4 1.5.. 6.. .... .... .... 99.. ..

17 10

46 74 57 72.. .. 88 77.. .. 12 23.. .. 11 16.. .. 2.4 1.4

16 12 3 525 31 9 3259 55 89 63

.. 49

.. 61

.. 18

.. 75

.. 1443 69 53 6637 40 31 31

.. .. .. ..2.2 2.0 7.7 7.8

.. .. 20.1 21.6

.. .. 22 23

.. .. 83 88

2 11

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69The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 196.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 18,700Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Czech Republic

1.06 1.0675 68 81 7512 16 4 4

.. ..

92 92 106 10689 97 90 9014 18 75 5396 94 105 105

.. .. .. ..

1.9 1.4.. 10.. ..

78 .... ..

99 ..100 100

15 5

52 71 50 6890 84 87 7810 16 13 22

5 8 11 170.4 0.2 1.0 0.2

6 9 2 433 51 24 4961 40 74 4751 4669 73

.. 28

.. 6925 2651 70 46 6441 57 21 29

.. .. .. ..2.1 2.4 7.9 5.8

16.4 17.9 41.4 41.74 5 18 18.. .. 81 81

.. 22

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70 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 335.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 60,160Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Denmark

1.06 1.0678 72 82 78

8 10 3 4.. ..

98 97 99 99111 108 119 11836 32 88 6195 95 99 98

.. .. .. ..

1.7 1.8.. 5.. ..

78 .... .... ..

100 ..13 12

62 75 60 6993 85 95 88

7 15 5 126 8 4 7

4.0 0.1 0.4 0.23 8 1 4

16 37 9 2981 55 89 6748 5071 6218 7

.. 10018 2856 68 56 6463 68 59 57

.. .. .. ..8.9 7.8 7.5 7.7

31.3 27.5 22.3 26.212 11 13 16

.. .. 99 100

31 39

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71The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 905.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,270Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 18.8

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Djibouti

1.04 1.0453 50 59 56

114 129 84 95.. ..

30 41 58 649 13 34 440 0 4 6.. .. 54 59.. .. .. ..

6.2 3.7.. 20.. 5.. 23.. 22.. 92.. 93

290 200

27 67 36 67.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

14 1450 100

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..46.7 41.9 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 9 17

0 14

a a

a a

a a

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72 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 67.7GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 475.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,030Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Dominica

.. ..76 72 .. ..16 19 11 13

.. ..

100 107 118 11977 64 102 95

5 6 .. ..112 89 101 87

.. .. .. ..

2.5 .... .... ..

50 .... ..

90 100.. 100.. ..

.. .. .. ..70 57 .. ..28 41 .. ..23 32 .. ..

2.9 3.0 .. ..13 40 .. ..13 27 .. ..71 31 .. ..40 ..

.. ..9 .... ..

55 .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

9.8 9.9 .. .... .. .. ..

29 14 .. .... .. .. ..

10 13

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73The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 52.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,240Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 2.2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Dominican Republic

1.05 1.0570 65 76 7154 62 23 2725 35

125 120 102 112.. .. 81 72.. .. .. .... .. 93 91.. .. 98 96

3.5 2.5.. 105

30 4156 7317 1197 9992 98

220 150

44 84 51 7969 53 45 3931 47 24 5230 42 22 483.7 6.2 2.1 1.6

3 27 2 1924 23 7 2174 50 60 4732 42

.. 5112 12

100 100.. 31

29 74 39 7321 54 24 50

.. .. 7.9 19.933.3 12.8 16.4 9.3

.. .. .. ..48 25 45 21

.. .. 37 39

8 21

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74 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 14.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 61.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,200Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 4.6

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Ecuador

1.05 1.0571 66 79 7349 56 21 25

.. ..

120 121 120 12160 57 88 8723 34 43 3792 92 113 11196 97 99 98

3.7 2.4.. 81

26 ..53 ..

.. ..75 ..61 ..

180 110

39 84 54 8345 60 49 5944 40 51 4141 33 50 37

11.3 3.9 17.5 6.23 10 21 33

17 30 11 2381 60 68 4431 3960 5312 12

100 100.. 28

36 79 50 7929 59 34 54

.. .. 2.5 3.89.1 4.3 6.4 4.1

.. .. .. ..17 11 18 12.. .. 33 40

5 32

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75The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 82.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 214.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,600Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Egypt, Arab Rep.

1.05 1.0564 60 75 7186 86 20 2212 13

79 95 104 10859 77 71 7410 18 31 3457 79 99 10254 71 84 91

4.4 2.7.. 42

27 1748 6020 952 7437 79

230 66

27 74 24 7450 57 48 6151 43 52 3946 24 49 22

32.8 9.6 33.9 8.752 35 46 2810 24 6 2738 41 49 4421 18

.. ..7 13

100 100.. 11

17 69 17 6912 32 8 36

.. .. .. ..17.9 5.2 22.6 4.9

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 54 15

.. .. 7 13

4 2

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76 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 21.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,480Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 9.0

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

El Salvador

1.05 1.0571 61 77 6755 65 14 17

.. ..

94 95 112 11740 36 68 6819 21 26 2365 62 101 10085 85 96 96

4.0 2.2.. 77.. 25

47 73.. ..

69 9490 96

150 81

41 83 47 7950 62 51 6349 37 49 3746 27 46 32

8.6 7.4 7.6 6.53 11 5 32

22 35 18 2475 54 76 4446 4854 5412 1275 7544 2939 76 45 7230 62 30 54

.. .. 4.4 10.49.8 10.1 5.1 8.4

.. .. .. ..14 15 8 13

.. .. 10 18

12 26

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77The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 720.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 11.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 15,670Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Equatorial Guinea

1.03 1.0348 45 52 50

180 199 112 124.. ..

148 157 86 8826 59 .. ..

0 3 .. ..50 56 52 51

.. .. 98 98

5.9 5.1.. 116.. .... .... ..

37 ..5 ..

1,200 240

80 92 81 92.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

11 .... ..

12 1275 75

.. ..76 86 75 8558 80 56 78

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

13 10

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78 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 430Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Eritrea

1.03 1.0350 46 64 59

125 151 61 74.. ..

20 21 42 5111 12 29 37

.. .. 1 316 21 36 43

.. .. 87 92

6.2 4.4.. 56.. .... .... .... .... ..

880 240

74 91 80 90.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... 9.. .... ..

69 84 75 8467 75 66 72

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 22

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79The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 20.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 15,260Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

High income

Estonia

1.06 1.0675 65 81 7117 23 3 4.. ..

93 95 98 99104 97 107 107

25 23 80 49.. .. 95 98

100 100 100 100

2.0 1.5.. 18.. ..

70 .... .... ..

99 10048 2

63 77 57 6897 97 95 883 3 5 123 2 4 6

2.3 0.9 0.2 0.315 27 2 631 42 19 4553 31 78 4752 54

.. 72

.. 20

.. 10039 3660 74 51 5947 54 29 34

.. .. .. ..0.7 0.6 11.8 13.1

28.3 37.1 53.6 59.7.. .. 21 24.. .. 97 96

.. 21

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80 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 84.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 31.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 370Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 30.7

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Ethiopia

1.03 1.0349 46 61 58

184 212 72 82.. 26

29 44 101 11112 16 35 40

0 1 5 1118 29 55 6128 39 47 63

7.1 4.0.. 53.. 415 29.. 26.. 43.. 10

950 350

72 91 78 902 4 .. ..

97 91 .. ..96 89 .. ..

72.6 20.5 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... 42.. ..

12 13100 100

.. 1664 87 72 8762 79 66 76

.. .. 19.5 32.51.6 1.1 22.6 11.7

.. .. .. ..3 2 29 20.. .. .. ..

.. 28

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81The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 48.9GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Faeroe Islands

.. ..80 73 85 79

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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82 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 868.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,720Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 5.9

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Fiji

1.06 1.0668 64 72 6727 32 15 18

.. ..

109 109 105 10575 78 94 87

2 4 .. ..95 95 103 104

.. .. .. ..

3.4 2.6.. 43.. .... 32.. .... 100.. 100

32 26

29 83 39 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

30 .... ..

12 12.. .... ..

28 79 37 7624 59 26 52

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 12.9 6.4

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 9

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83The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 257.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 47,760Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Finland

1.05 1.0579 71 84 77

6 7 3 3.. ..

98 99 99 99124 105 110 105

47 42 103 85102 102 99 98

.. .. .. ..

1.8 1.8.. 9.. ..

77 .... ..

100 ..100 ..

7 5

59 72 56 6489 81 91 8211 20 9 18

.. .. 7 121.1 1.7 0.4 0.6

7 11 2 617 42 9 3676 48 88 5851 5167 6115 1580 70

.. 3255 65 52 5946 51 41 41

.. .. .. ..2.6 3.5 7.1 8.38.4 9.7 17.3 26.4

8 9 18 19.. .. 100 99

32 43

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84 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 65.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2,775.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 42,420Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

France

1.05 1.0581 73 85 788 10 4 5.. ..

110 112 109 11198 92 114 11340 35 64 50

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

1.8 2.0.. 6.. ..

81 .... ..

99 ..99 ..13 8

46 65 51 6287 82 92 8513 18 8 1511 11 6 9

5.5 0.9 0.8 0.35 6 2 4

17 39 11 3378 55 87 6345 5079 7716 1684 10032 3941 60 46 5629 36 27 34

.. .. .. ..12.2 7.2 9.7 8.843.5 38.6 40.3 41.8

23 17 23 21.. .. 97 97

7 27

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85The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 273.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

French Polynesia

1.05 1.0572 67 78 73

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

125 130 .. ..78 57 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

3.3 2.1.. 49.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

49 74 48 67.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... 43.. .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

.. ..

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86 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 12.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 8,080Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 4.8

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Gabon

1.03 1.0363 60 64 6286 103 59 72

.. ..

155 155 179 18437 43 .. ..

3 8 .. ..69 70 .. ..92 94 97 99

5.2 3.2.. 83.. .... .... .... .... ..

270 230

56 71 56 6529 59 .. ..63 38 .. ..63 37 .. ..

5.3 2.0 .. ..61 26 .. ..

3 19 .. ..36 56 .. ..29 35

.. ..

.. 14

.. 100

.. ..47 57 48 5319 22 14 16

.. .. .. ..16.1 19.1 .. ..

.. .. .. ..40 42 .. ..

.. .. 17 21

13 16

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87The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.8GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 889.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 500Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 29.8

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Gambia, The

1.03 1.0354 52 60 57

154 175 94 107.. ..

41 65 82 7910 22 53 56

.. .. .. ..29 54 67 65

.. .. 62 72

6.1 4.8.. 69.. 36

12 13.. .... 98

44 57700 360

70 85 72 83.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

77 54 .. ..1 11 .. ..

20 35 .. .... .... .... 12.. 100.. ..

65 80 68 7858 62 57 58

.. .. 34.3 37.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

8 8

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88 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 12.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,860Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 18.0

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Georgia

1.08 1.1174 67 77 7042 52 18 23

.. ..

97 97 108 10594 96 87 9135 38 33 27

.. .. 116 116

.. .. 100 100

2.2 1.6.. 41.. 14.. 53.. .... 98

97 10063 67

55 75 56 74.. .. 35 37.. .. 65 63.. .. 65 62.. .. 37.9 19.6.. .. 57 51.. .. 4 17.. .. 40 33.. 49.. .... .... .... 34

48 63 48 6318 27 15 28

.. .. 29.9 33.6

.. .. 13.1 16.7

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 41 32

.. .. 35 31

.. 12

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89The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 81.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3,617.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 44,230Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Germany

1.06 1.0679 72 83 78

7 10 4 4.. ..

99 98 102 10399 101 100 10629 40 .. ..

101 101 101 101.. .. .. ..

1.5 1.4.. 7.. ..

70 .... .... ..

100 10013 7

43 70 53 6792 89 92 86

8 11 9 146 5 6 8

2.9 0.4 0.9 0.34 4 1 2

26 50 14 4070 45 85 5843 4889 7914 14

100 10026 3045 69 50 6255 61 45 50

.. .. .. ..7.0 4.5 5.6 6.2

44.5 49.1 45.9 49.06 5 8 9.. .. 99 98

.. 33

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90 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 25.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 35.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,410Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 28.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Ghana

1.06 1.0658 56 65 63

114 128 72 8337 34

65 76 107 11328 43 56 62

0 1 9 1557 72 88 110

.. .. 80 82

5.6 4.1.. 64

41 2117 3437 3582 9640 68

580 350

70 73 67 72.. .. 11 30.. .. 89 70.. .. 85 65.. .. 28.5 11.7

59 66 53 6110 10 14 1332 23 33 25

.. ..

.. ..12 1250 100

.. ..64 69 64 6944 37 36 36

.. .. 48.0 49.95.5 3.7 3.6 3.5

.. .. .. ..19 15 .. ..

.. .. 27 32

.. 8

a

a

a

a

a

a

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91The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 11.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 276.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 24,490Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Greece

1.07 1.0780 75 83 7912 14 4 5

.. ..

98 99 101 10193 95 107 11225 25 94 8598 98 99 9999 99 99 99

1.4 1.4.. 10.. .... .... .... .... ..6 3

36 67 45 6552 53 68 6048 47 32 4046 40 27 30

27.7 4.8 8.5 3.330 20 13 1217 33 8 2552 46 80 6335 4361 6315 17

100 5023 2330 63 35 5624 38 14 21

.. .. .. ..11.7 4.2 21.4 14.955.8 39.9 54.0 45.0

33 15 52 39.. .. 76 80

7 21

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92 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 56.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 26,020Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Greenland

.. ..68 63 73 68

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

2.4 2.1.. .... .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 6.7 10.0

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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93The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 104.9GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 770.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,350Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean High income

Grenada

1.05 1.0571 67 77 7420 22 12 13

.. ..

110 120 102 10596 86 109 106

.. .. 61 45

.. .. 103 120

.. .. .. ..

3.8 2.2.. 37.. ..

54 54.. ..

100 100.. 99

34 24

.. .. .. ..84 74 .. ..17 18 .. ..15 14 .. ..

5.5 1.4 .. ..15 24 .. ..17 30 .. ..62 40 .. ..40 ..43 ..12 1360 10030 ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..37.0 18.5 .. ..

.. .. .. ..27 28 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 13

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94 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 182.1GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Guam

1.06 1.0674 70 79 74.. .. .. .... ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

3.1 2.4.. 50.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

51 78 47 74.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... 43.. .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

4.5 4.3 .. .... .. .. ..

16 16 .. .... .. .. ..

.. ..

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95The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 14.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 42.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,870Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 13.5

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Guatemala

1.05 1.0565 59 75 6874 82 28 33.. ..

75 86 114 11824 27 62 67

.. .. 18 18

.. .. 83 8871 82 85 89

5.6 3.9.. 103

41 3023 54

.. ..35 9329 52

160 120

41 88 49 8868 46 .. ..32 54 .. ..30 53 .. ..9.1 14.4 .. ..

3 18 16 4422 34 21 2475 49 63 3237 30

.. ..11 12

100 100.. ..

39 85 47 8632 76 40 76

.. .. 11.7 24.53.1 1.6 6.6 2.9

.. .. .. ..6 3 .. .... .. 16 30

7 13

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96 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 4.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 430Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 43.3

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Guinea

1.06 1.0645 42 56 53

224 232 123 128.. ..

23 49 91 1056 17 32 510 2 6 169 31 53 75.. .. 57 70

6.7 5.2.. 138

67 ..2 .... ..

58 8831 46

1,200 610

64 79 65 78.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

79 73 .. ..3 9 .. ..

18 18 .. .... 29.. ..

14 14100 100

.. ..63 76 64 7648 54 50 54

49.5 47.2 .. ..1.7 4.6 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3 4

.. 19

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97The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.5GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 925.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 600Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 48.9

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Guinea-Bissau

1.03 1.0344 41 50 47

193 227 147 174.. ..

39 69 119 1273 7 .. ..0 1 .. ..4 8 60 75.. .. 65 79

6.6 5.0.. 99.. 22.. 14.. 25.. 93.. 44

1,100 790

60 78 68 78.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

11 .... ..8 9

100 100.. ..

57 73 64 7341 49 48 51

.. .. 48.1 52.8

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

20 14

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98 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 756.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,900Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Guyana

1.05 1.0564 58 73 6755 70 32 40

.. 34

106 110 89 8583 81 98 89

5 7 17 797 97 87 84

.. .. .. ..

2.6 2.2.. 57.. 23

38 43.. 29.. 92.. 92

180 280

36 83 42 7953 52 .. ..47 48 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. 5513 13

.. 70

.. ..31 76 36 7222 58 21 48

.. .. .. ..18.1 8.4 25.7 17.2

.. .. .. ..38 21 50 44

.. .. .. ..

37 31

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99The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 7.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 700Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 61.7

Latin America & the Caribbean Low income

Haiti

1.05 1.0556 54 63 61

134 152 66 74.. 44

73 76 .. .... .. .. ..1 2 .. ..

35 41 .. .... .. 70 74

5.4 3.3.. 42.. 30

10 32.. 38

71 8523 26

620 350

57 78 60 7121 17 .. ..77 81 .. ..

.. .. .. ..11.2 12.3 .. ..

50 76 .. ..9 9 .. ..

38 13 .. ..44 ..

.. ..12 12

100 100.. ..

48 70 54 6627 40 26 33

.. .. .. ..13.8 11.9 .. ..

.. .. .. ..24 23 .. ..

.. .. 21 23

.. 4

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100 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 15.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,980Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 17.9

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Honduras

1.05 1.0569 64 75 7152 58 20 23

.. 26

108 107 114 11437 30 82 678 10 22 19

61 68 105 98.. .. 96 94

5.1 3.1.. 87.. 39

47 65.. 17

88 9247 67

220 100

33 86 42 8349 50 41 4651 50 59 5450 48 57 51

6.3 11.3 11.9 13.36 65 12 50

23 15 21 1971 20 67 3141 4259 ..10 12

100 100.. ..

31 83 41 8126 71 29 64

.. .. 4.1 13.36.2 4.4 5.6 4.3

.. .. .. ..9 11 .. .... .. 15 26

10 20

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101The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 254.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 36,010Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Hong Kong SAR, China

1.07 1.0780 75 87 80

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

106 107 110 10678 74 81 7915 22 63 57

.. .. 92 90

.. .. .. ..

1.3 1.2.. 4.. ..

86 80.. .... .... .... ..

47 79 51 6895 85 94 86

5 15 6 144 7 4 9

2.0 0.2 0.7 0.11 1 0 0

33 39 4 1966 60 96 8041 50.. 56

10 1067 8017 3247 78 50 6554 55 33 32

.. .. .. ..1.3 1.3 2.8 3.9

.. .. .. ..3 4 8 11.. .. 89 88

.. ..

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102 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 126.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,730Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

High income

Hungary

1.06 1.0674 65 79 7117 21 6 7.. ..

87 88 101 10288 87 99 10115 14 70 5286 85 97 9899 99 99 99

1.8 1.2.. 14.. ..

81 .... .... ..

99 10023 21

46 65 44 5889 81 92 8511 16 9 157 8 5 8

1.8 0.7 0.6 0.315 21 3 730 43 20 4055 36 77 5349 49

.. 6224 24

100 70.. 40

42 56 39 5234 41 17 21

.. .. .. ..8.7 11.0 10.9 11.0

19.8 20.9 49.2 48.915 22 25 27

.. .. 73 72

21 9

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103The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 319.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 11.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 34,820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Iceland

1.04 1.0581 75 84 816 7 2 3.. ..

102 101 99 9998 101 109 10729 22 101 57

.. .. 97 99

.. .. .. ..

2.3 2.0.. 12.. .... .... .... .... ..8 5

68 82 71 7888 73 91 8312 27 8 16

9 17 6 103.0 2.1 0.0 0.1

5 14 2 918 33 8 2877 53 90 6253 5282 68

8 13.. 80

27 4066 80 67 7257 57 64 53

.. .. .. ..2.9 2.3 6.2 7.8

10.4 1.1 24.5 25.64 6 11 18.. .. .. ..

21 40

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104 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1,241.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,766.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,420Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 32.7

South Asia Lower middle income

India

1.08 1.0859 58 67 64

119 110 64 599 14

77 104 116 11627 46 60 664 8 15 21

51 74 95 9649 74 74 88

3.9 2.6.. 77

54 4745 5517 1362 7534 52

600 200

35 85 29 818 18 15 19

92 82 86 8191 80 85 79

37.8 13.7 33.9 11.072 56 65 4612 17 18 2415 27 17 3013 ..

.. ..12 12

100 10015 1434 82 28 7828 63 17 49

.. .. 2.1 2.83.9 3.6 4.3 3.3

.. .. 41.4 36.68 8 12 10.. .. 26 44

5 11

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105The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 242.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 712.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,940Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 18.1

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Indonesia

1.05 1.0564 60 71 6875 88 29 3413 13

110 115 119 11741 50 77 777 11 22 24.. .. 105 104

95 97 99 100

3.1 2.1.. 43

34 2250 6114 1576 9341 82

600 220

50 81 51 84.. .. 32 34.. .. 68 66.. .. 67 62.. .. 32.4 8.1

56 56 35 3712 15 15 2431 30 50 4029 32

.. ..12 13

100 100.. 22

48 79 47 7937 55 31 49

.. .. 3.2 4.22.7 2.8 7.6 5.9

.. .. .. ..9 9 21 19.. .. 19 20

12 19

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106 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 74.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 330.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,520Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Iran, Islamic Rep.

1.05 1.0566 58 75 7160 62 25 25

.. ..

101 115 107 10845 63 84 87

3 9 49 4881 93 106 10681 92 99 99

4.8 1.6.. 26.. ..

49 .... .... .... ..

120 21

10 80 16 73.. .. 47 54.. .. 53 46.. .. 52 40.. .. 29.7 4.8.. .. 31 19.. .. 27 33.. .. 42 47

11 15.. ..

12 1367 67

.. 138 72 14 669 48 9 39.. .. .. ..

24.4 9.5 16.8 9.1.. .. .. .... .. 34 20.. .. 62 85

2 3

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107The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 33.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 87.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,640Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 2.8

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Iraq

1.07 1.0772 63 72 6642 50 35 41

.. 11

99 117 95 11336 57 45 60

9 16 .. ..53 64 55 74

.. .. 81 85

6.0 4.6.. 88.. 17

14 50.. .... 84

54 8089 63

11 71 15 69.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 51 17.. .. 4 22.. .. 46 61.. 12.. ..8 9

100 100.. ..7 59 10 583 38 2 31.. .. 11.3 17.9.. .. 22.5 16.2.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 8 13

11 25

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108 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 179.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 39,150Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Ireland

1.07 1.0778 72 83 78

8 10 4 4.. ..

104 103 108 108104 95 124 118

26 30 71 62103 103 104 102

.. .. .. ..

2.1 2.1.. 11.. .... .... .... .... ..6 6

36 71 53 6989 68 93 7512 32 8 2510 25 5 18

3.5 2.0 0.7 0.54 18 1 8

17 34 9 2879 48 90 6442 5270 7514 2670 8018 3330 60 47 5636 40 32 29

.. .. .. ..15.0 13.6 10.6 17.456.2 70.5 46.7 64.7

18 21 23 35.. .. 92 96

8 15

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109The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 83.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Isle of Man

.. ..80 74 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

1.8 .... .... .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 1 3

.. .. 4 24

.. .. 95 73

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..3.3 4.7 2.0 2.8

.. .. .. ..6 9 5 10.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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110 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 224.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 28,930Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Israel

1.05 1.0578 75 84 8011 12 4 5

.. ..

97 94 105 10491 86 103 10133 34 71 55

.. .. 102 101

.. .. .. ..

2.8 3.0.. 14.. ..

68 .... .... ..

99 ..12 7

41 63 53 62.. .. 92 84.. .. 8 17.. .. 5 9.. .. 0.2 0.12 5 1 3

15 36 10 3082 58 89 6743 50

.. 7412 1475 100

.. 3236 57 50 5923 26 30 26

.. .. .. ..11.3 8.4 5.6 5.6

.. .. 17.4 19.823 21 11 12

.. .. 92 88

7 20

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111The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 60.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2,144.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 35,320Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Italy

1.06 1.0680 74 85 80

9 11 3 4.. ..

98 99 101 10279 79 100 10129 30 76 54

100 100 104 103.. .. 100 100

1.3 1.4.. 5.. .... .... .... .... ..

10 4

35 67 38 6076 70 82 7124 31 18 3024 29 15 217.4 2.2 2.2 1.1

9 9 3 423 37 14 3868 55 83 5736 4471 7721 2280 8016 2530 62 34 5528 38 16 25

.. .. .. ..15.7 6.4 9.6 7.670.5 68.5 51.9 50.7

35 23 32 27.. .. 64 79

13 21

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112 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Jamaica

1.05 1.0573 68 76 7129 39 16 21

.. ..

104 105 87 9172 68 94 91

.. .. 35 15100 94 73 74

.. .. 98 93

2.9 2.3.. 71.. ..

55 72.. ..

98 9992 9859 110

66 82 56 7261 52 67 5538 47 33 4537 46 31 41

4.5 2.1 2.1 0.416 36 8 2512 25 7 2372 39 85 5247 4860 ..12 12

100 .... ..

52 74 46 6631 55 19 32

.. .. .. ..23.1 9.3 17.2 9.627.8 21.4 .. ..

47 19 38 24.. .. 67 75

5 13

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113The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 127.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 5,739.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 44,900Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Japan

1.06 1.0682 76 86 79

6 7 3 4.. ..

102 102 103 10397 95 102 10223 36 56 63

104 103 102 102.. .. .. ..

1.5 1.4.. 6.. ..

58 .... .... ..

100 ..12 5

50 77 49 7272 81 89 8727 19 11 1326 15 11 10

16.7 2.5 5.6 1.09 6 4 4

27 39 15 3364 55 80 6238 43

.. 7114 1460 67

.. ..50 76 47 6844 43 40 38

.. .. .. ..2.2 2.0 4.1 4.88.5 25.9 26.7 47.3

4 5 7 9.. .. 97 96

1 8

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114 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 27.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,380Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Jordan

1.05 1.0572 69 75 7236 37 19 22

6 11

101 102 92 9277 75 89 8523 18 41 3595 95 101 101

.. .. 99 99

5.8 3.7.. 24

16 1040 5922 1180 9987 99

110 63

9 65 16 66.. .. 95 82.. .. 5 18.. .. 3 11.. .. 0.3 0.44 7 1 28 18 8 20

87 75 91 7811 16

.. ..6 10

50 100.. ..6 55 12 592 31 6 31.. .. 0.4 1.6

30.0 18.1 21.2 11.0.. .. .. .... .. 47 26.. .. 17 34

0 11

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115The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 16.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 136.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 8,260Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Kazakhstan

1.07 1.0773 64 74 6450 64 24 32

.. ..

120 120 110 11096 94 100 10339 31 51 35

105 105 109 108100 100 100 100

2.7 2.6.. 26.. 6.. 51.. .... 100

99 10092 51

62 78 67 77.. .. 67 68.. .. 34 32.. .. 32 29.. .. 0.8 0.8.. .. 29 31.. .. 12 26.. .. 59 43.. 50.. .... 18.. 100.. 38

56 72 62 7441 50 41 48

.. .. 2.8 4.4

.. .. 6.2 4.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 5 4

.. .. 44 40

.. 24

a a

a a

a a

a a

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116 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 41.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 34.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 43.4

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Kenya

1.03 1.0361 58 58 5692 104 67 7833 34

99 102 112 11536 45 57 63

1 2 3 5.. .. .. .... .. 94 92

6.0 4.7.. 99

32 2627 4636 2677 9250 44

400 360

70 80 62 72.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

21 .... ..8 13.. 100.. ..

62 72 55 6644 47 29 36

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 39 46

1 10

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117The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 101.1GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 204.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,030Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Kiribati

.. ..61 56 .. ..83 92 45 50

.. ..

116 114 115 11136 39 90 81

.. .. .. ..102 100 113 111

.. .. .. ..

3.8 .... .... 20.. 22.. ..

88 8872 80

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

0 9

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118 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 24.5GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Low income

Korea, Dem. People's Rep.

1.05 1.0574 67 72 6643 47 32 35

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 100 100

2.4 2.0.. 1.. ..

62 .... .... 100.. 100

97 81

76 88 72 84.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

41 .... .... .... .... ..

74 85 69 7974 72 59 53.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

21 16

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119The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 49.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,039.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 20,870Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Korea, Rep.

1.12 1.1076 67 84 787 8 4 5.. ..

107 105 105 10690 95 96 9823 49 86 119

100 99 101 102.. .. .. ..

1.6 1.2.. 5.. ..

79 80.. .... .... ..

18 16

47 73 49 7157 63 74 7043 37 26 30

.. .. 27 2324.5 2.5 10.7 1.2

20 16 7 630 39 13 2050 45 81 7338 4359 57

.. 13

.. 1006 10

46 72 48 6940 32 27 20

.. .. .. ..1.8 2.9 3.1 3.60.9 3.3 0.2 0.5

6 10 8 12.. .. 93 93

2 16

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120 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 6.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,510Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Kosovo

.. ..70 66 72 68

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

3.9 2.2.. .... .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 40.7 56.4

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 82 69

.. .. 31 57

.. ..

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121The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 133.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 48,900Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Kuwait

1.03 1.0374 72 76 7415 18 10 12

.. ..

90 92 107 10472 80 104 9814 10 .. ..55 57 114 110

.. .. 99 99

2.6 2.3.. 14.. ..

35 .... .... 100

96 10011 14

35 78 43 82.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..0 2 .. ..2 33 .. ..

98 65 .. .... .... ..

10 10100 100

.. ..35 78 43 8122 37 22 38

.. .. .. ..2.6 1.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 80 93

.. 6

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122 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 5.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 900Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 6.7

Europe & Central Asia Low income

Kyrgyz Republic

1.06 1.0673 64 74 6663 77 28 34

.. 25

111 109 100 102102 103 88 88

26 19 46 37.. .. 95 96.. .. 100 100

3.7 3.1.. 33.. 10.. 48.. 1.. 97

99 9973 71

58 74 56 79.. .. 52 50.. .. 48 50.. .. 47 47.. .. 19.3 8.8.. .. 35 37.. .. 11 26.. .. 54 37.. 51.. .... 18.. 100.. 35

52 68 50 7237 45 31 50

.. .. 35.6 37.5

.. .. 9.4 7.3

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 16 14

.. .. 4 4

.. 23

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123The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 7.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,130Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 33.9

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Lao PDR

1.05 1.0556 53 69 66

139 156 39 44.. ..

89 112 122 13019 28 42 49

1 2 15 2036 46 90 95

.. .. 86 92

6.2 2.7.. 32.. ..

19 .... .... 71.. 37

1,600 470

80 83 77 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

20 .... ..

12 13100 100

.. ..79 81 76 7880 65 67 56

.. .. 19.2 17.9

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 26 27

6 25

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124 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 27.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 13,320Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Latvia

1.05 1.0575 64 79 6918 23 8 9

.. ..

98 91 100 10093 92 94 9829 21 71 44

.. .. 92 93100 100 100 100

2.0 1.3.. 14.. .... .... .... ..

100 10057 34

63 77 55 67.. .. 91 86.. .. 9 14.. .. 7 9.. .. 1.1 1.1.. .. 6 13.. .. 15 32.. .. 80 53

52 54.. 60.. 16.. 100.. 45

54 65 48 5540 44 28 32

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 13.1 17.6

.. .. 48.6 59.0

.. .. 29 30

.. .. 92 87

.. 23

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125The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 38.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 9,140Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Lebanon

1.05 1.0571 66 75 7032 34 9 10

.. ..

96 100 106 10963 59 88 7927 29 62 54

.. .. 89 85

.. .. 99 98

3.1 1.8.. 16.. 6.. 54.. .... .... ..

52 25

17 70 23 71.. .. 82 56.. .. 18 44.. .. 16 32.. .. 5.9 4.0.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..5 7

100 100.. 8

16 65 20 6514 36 14 31

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 10.1 8.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 22 22

.. .. 26 49

0 3

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126 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,210Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 43.4

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Lesotho

1.03 1.0361 58 47 4980 95 79 93

.. 36

119 98 101 10429 20 57 41

1 1 4 375 41 76 60

.. .. 98 86

4.9 3.1.. 63.. 19

23 47.. 23

91 9261 62

520 620

67 83 59 73.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... 12.. .... ..

39 60 41 5628 49 21 37

.. .. .. ..7.8 11.1 28.0 23.0

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 42 29

.. .. 17 20

.. 27

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127The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 330Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 83.8

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Liberia

1.06 1.0644 41 58 56

227 255 74 83.. 30

.. .. 98 108

.. .. 40 491 4 .. .... .. 60 72

54 66 82 71

6.5 5.2.. 127

48 386 11.. 36

83 7958 46

1,200 770

56 64 58 64.. .. 9 28.. .. 91 72.. .. 89 69.. .. 19.7 12.5.. .. 48 50.. .. 5 14.. .. 47 37.. .... .... .... .... ..

54 61 56 6233 36 33 34

.. .. 15.0 21.7

.. .. 4.1 3.4

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 7 3

.. .. 15 23

.. 11

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128 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 77.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,320Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Libya

1.06 1.0670 66 78 7242 46 16 17

.. ..

105 112 112 11768 79 119 10214 17 .. ..

.. .. .. ..96 99 100 100

4.8 2.5.. 3.. .... .... .... 93.. 100

99 58

18 73 30 77.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..7 7

50 100.. ..

16 68 24 6911 40 13 36

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 17

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129The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 36.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 4.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 137,070Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

South Asia High income

Liechtenstein

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. 105 105

.. .. 101 122

.. .. 30 56

.. .. 100 101

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.7

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 44

.. ..8 ..

80 .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

4 24

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130 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 39.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,980Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Lithuania

1.05 1.0576 66 79 6815 19 5 6

.. ..

89 95 93 9583 86 97 10027 39 83 56

.. .. 94 97100 100 100 100

2.0 1.8.. 17.. .... .... .... ..

100 10034 8

59 74 54 64.. .. 91 88.. .. 9 12.. .. 8 9.. .. 1.5 1.3.. .. 7 11.. .. 16 33.. .. 77 56

55 54.. 62.. 18.. 100.. 38

50 61 47 5331 36 19 22

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 13.0 17.8

.. .. 51.4 52.2

.. .. 31 35

.. .. 76 71

.. 25

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131The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 518.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 40.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 77,390Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Luxembourg

1.06 1.0678 72 84 79

7 9 3 3.. ..

94 87 98 9670 68 103 100

1 3 10 11.. .. 84 83.. .. .. ..

1.6 1.5.. 9.. .... .... .... ..

100 ..6 20

34 68 49 6590 89 93 9011 11 7 109 8 6 6

4.1 0.5 0.4 0.43 3 1 28 42 4 19

89 55 92 75.. 44

87 8214 16

100 10040 2435 68 46 6349 55 19 24

.. .. .. ..2.4 1.2 6.3 3.8

21.4 46.2 25.4 33.15 3 21 13.. .. 95 94

13 22

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132 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 555.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 24.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 45,460Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Macao SAR, China

1.05 1.0579 74 83 79

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

104 109 99 10263 58 92 9918 47 67 6997 97 98 97

.. .. 100 100

1.7 1.1.. 4.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

45 72 67 77.. .. 96 90.. .. 4 11.. .. 3 6.. .. 0.6 0.10 0 0 0

50 37 12 2749 63 88 7343 50

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 3144 70 65 7545 46 46 43

.. .. .. ..4.0 2.5 2.1 3.0

.. .. .. ..3 4 5 7.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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133The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 9.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,810Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Macedonia, FYR

1.08 1.0873 69 77 7336 39 9 11

.. 8

99 100 91 8975 77 83 8418 19 42 36

.. .. 93 9299 99 99 99

2.1 1.4.. 19.. 7.. .... 34.. 99

89 10016 10

43 67 43 69.. .. 76 69.. .. 24 31.. .. 21 24.. .. 14.9 6.1.. .. 20 20.. .. 28 33.. .. 52 47

38 42.. 45.. 39.. .... 28

29 47 29 4814 20 11 19

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 30.8 31.8

.. .. 81.0 83.6

.. .. 55 56

.. .. 72 76

.. 33

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134 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 21.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 9.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 430Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 81.3

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Madagascar

1.02 1.0352 50 68 65

152 171 58 6522 22

98 102 147 15018 19 30 32

3 4 4 437 35 74 72

.. .. 64 66

6.3 4.6.. 125

37 4817 4032 1978 8657 44

640 240

83 89 83 8911 15 .. ..87 84 .. ..87 83 .. ..

41.6 24.3 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

31 .... ..

14 1450 100

.. ..80 86 80 8770 72 69 72

.. .. 24.2 27.7

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 5 6

7 18

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135The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 15.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 5.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 360Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 73.9

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Malawi

1.03 1.0348 46 54 54

219 235 79 8725 28

66 77 144 13912 20 33 36

0 1 1 124 32 72 7049 70 87 87

6.8 6.0.. 108

55 5013 4636 2690 9555 71

1,100 460

76 80 85 814 29 .. ..

96 71 .. ..96 71 .. ..0.4 0.3 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..11 ..

.. ..

.. 8

.. 100

.. ..69 75 77 7750 45 55 48

.. .. 39.4 41.3

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 17 16

10 22

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136 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 28.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 253.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 8,770Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Malaysia

1.06 1.0672 68 77 7216 19 6 7

.. ..

92 93 .. ..56 53 72 67

6 7 49 3688 88 .. ..95 96 98 98

3.5 2.6.. 11.. ..

50 .... .... 91

93 9953 29

43 81 44 7771 64 78 7227 34 21 2825 31 20 23

8.1 2.4 7.8 2.625 26 9 1628 27 21 3147 46 71 5335 39

.. ..8 9

100 100.. 25

42 78 42 7538 54 29 41

.. .. .. ..5.4 4.0 3.6 3.3

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 12 10

.. .. 63 69

5 10

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137The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 320.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,720Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

South Asia Upper middle income

Maldives

1.07 1.0660 61 78 76

101 110 10 12.. 35

123 123 103 10553 52 .. ..

.. .. 14 12

.. .. 103 11198 98 99 99

6.1 1.7.. 11.. 4

29 35.. 28.. 99

90 95830 60

20 77 56 7737 49 45 6158 47 54 2957 44 47 20

6.6 4.0 22.9 7.914 28 7 1439 18 32 2043 50 56 6216 30

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 1417 71 44 7214 53 34 51

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 23.8 7.9

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 31 16

.. .. .. ..

6 7

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138 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 15.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 9.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 610Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 50.4

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Mali

1.05 1.0545 43 52 50

248 267 169 182.. 12

20 32 76 874 9 33 460 1 4 86 12 50 61.. .. 34 56

7.1 6.2.. 172

79 555 8.. 31

31 7032 49

1,100 540

38 65 37 70.. .. 4 12.. .. 89 77.. .. 89 77.. .. 34.1 18.5.. .. 64 68.. .. 3 8.. .. 33 24.. .... ..

14 14100 100

.. ..35 59 34 6328 43 28 43

.. .. 21.6 24.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 7 10

.. 10

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139The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 415.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 7.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 18,620Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Malta

1.06 1.0678 73 84 8010 13 5 7

.. ..

101 105 101 10180 86 95 107

9 12 41 3097 99 97 96

.. .. .. ..

2.1 1.4.. 13.. ..

86 .... .... ..

98 10014 8

27 77 35 67.. .. 94 83.. .. 6 17.. .. 5 12.. .. 0.0 0.1.. .. 0 2.. .. 13 31.. .. 86 67

28 36.. 67

13 14100 100

.. 2325 72 33 6356 57 42 48

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 7.0 6.1

.. .. 34.7 53.1

.. .. 14 14

.. .. 94 97

3 9

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140 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 54.8GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 214.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,910Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Marshall Islands

.. ..75 70 .. ..46 57 23 29

.. ..

.. .. 101 102

.. .. 100 97

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 101 94

.. .. .. ..

5.9 4.5.. .... 26

37 45.. 8.. 81.. 99.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..13.2 12.2 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 3

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141The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,030Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 23.4

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Mauritania

1.05 1.0557 54 60 57

115 134 104 120.. ..

40 54 104 988 18 25 291 5 3 7

21 36 72 68.. .. 65 71

5.9 4.5.. 73.. 354 9.. 25

48 7540 61

760 510

19 78 29 79.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

14 14100 100

.. ..13 52 20 53

7 28 10 27.. .. 18.6 23.9

35.8 21.9 44.0 23.9.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 12 23

.. 22

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142 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 10.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 8,040Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Mauritius

1.04 1.0473 66 77 7021 27 14 16

.. ..

118 117 .. ..53 52 91 91

2 4 37 28111 110 .. ..92 91 98 96

2.3 1.5.. 33.. ..

75 .... .... ..

91 ..68 60

38 82 44 7691 82 86 799 18 15 227 13 13 16

3.1 1.5 4.0 0.614 18 7 950 40 21 3235 42 73 5937 38

.. ..

.. 12

.. 100

.. 2331 76 38 7226 56 25 39

.. .. .. ..3.6 3.2 12.3 5.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 28 17

.. .. 75 86

7 19

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143The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 114.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,081.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 9,420Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Mexico

1.05 1.0574 68 79 7544 53 14 17

.. ..

111 116 112 11355 55 94 8812 15 28 2891 91 105 10495 96 98 98

3.4 2.3.. 67

28 2363 73

.. ..78 9684 9592 50

34 84 44 8180 65 65 6716 32 35 3315 29 32 27

1.2 2.9 9.1 4.33 29 4 19

21 30 18 3070 39 78 5137 3955 5712 12

100 10015 3133 82 42 7633 68 30 56

.. .. 4.4 9.14.2 2.5 5.2 5.3

.. .. 1.4 2.16 5 10 10.. .. 22 33

12 37

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144 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 111.5GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 318.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,860Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 31.2

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Micronesia, Fed. Sts.

1.07 1.0767 66 70 6848 64 36 47

.. ..

.. .. 111 109

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

5.0 3.4.. 20.. .... 55.. .... 80.. 100

140 100

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 0

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145The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 7.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,980Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Moldova

1.06 1.0671 64 73 6630 39 15 17

.. ..

90 90 93 9498 90 89 87

.. .. 45 34

.. .. 90 92100 100 100 99

2.4 1.5.. 30.. .... .... .... ..

100 10062 41

61 74 38 45.. .. 75 66.. .. 25 34.. .. 25 33.. .. 4.4 1.8.. .. 24 31.. .. 12 25.. .. 64 44.. 55.. .... 18.. 100.. 38

55 64 36 4138 38 17 21

.. .. 23.0 34.5

.. .. 5.6 7.7

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 16 14

.. .. 17 19

.. 20

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146 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 35.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 6.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 183,150Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Monaco

.. ..

.. .. .. ..7 9 3 4.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

11 19

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147The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 6.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,310Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Mongolia

1.03 1.0363 58 73 6591 121 26 35

.. 29

100 100 118 12189 80 95 90

.. .. 69 46

.. .. 116 115

.. .. 97 94

4.1 2.5.. 19.. 5

57 55.. .... 99.. 99

120 63

52 63 54 66.. .. 45 38.. .. 55 62.. .. 54 60.. .. 35.1 10.3

37 42 39 4120 22 11 1944 37 50 4049 53

.. ..14 17

.. 70

.. 4746 55 52 6330 39 28 36

.. .. 8.6 11.4

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 82 73

25 15

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148 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 632.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 4.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,140Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Montenegro

1.08 1.0878 73 77 7216 19 7 8

.. ..

.. .. 118 118

.. .. 96 95

.. .. 53 43

.. .. 98 99

.. .. 99 99

1.9 1.6.. 15.. 5.. 39.. 26.. 97.. 1008 8

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 89 80

.. .. 11 20

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 0.8 1.0

.. .. 4 7

.. .. 9 27

.. .. 87 6739 46

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 31

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 20.0 19.5

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 40 36

.. .. 49 52

.. 17

a

a

a

a

a

a

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149The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 32.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 97.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,970Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 2.5

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Morocco

1.06 1.0666 62 74 7077 86 30 3516 ..

55 81 112 11831 44 64 758 14 12 14

42 61 97 10146 71 72 87

4.0 2.2.. 12

18 ..42 6720 ..32 7731 74

300 100

26 80 26 7553 48 34 4847 53 66 5245 48 65 47

29.3 16.8 48.6 15.03 4 61 32

50 32 13 2547 64 26 4321 21

.. ..12 14

100 100.. 13

23 70 24 6824 55 16 43

.. .. .. ..20.4 14.2 10.2 8.4

.. .. .. ..32 31 17 18

.. .. 27 52

0 17

a

a

a

a

a

a

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150 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 23.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 11.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 460Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 59.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Mozambique

1.03 1.0345 42 51 49

218 233 99 107.. ..

54 72 105 1165 9 24 280 1 4 6

21 32 52 61.. .. 65 79

6.2 4.8.. 129.. 56.. 12.. .... 92.. 55

910 490

85 81 86 83.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

11 .... ..8 9

100 100.. ..

80 75 81 7871 62 64 54

.. .. 27.7 27.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 35 45

16 39

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151The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 48.3GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Low income

Myanmar

1.03 1.0359 56 67 6396 119 56 69

.. ..

101 107 126 12620 22 56 53

5 4 17 13.. .. 106 101.. .. 96 96

3.4 2.0.. 13.. ..

17 46.. .... 83

46 71520 200

72 79 75 82.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

31 .... .... 12.. 67.. ..

69 76 72 8051 52 52 53

.. .. .. ..8.8 4.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 6

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152 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 10.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,700Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 31.9

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Namibia

1.03 1.0363 59 63 6267 78 38 4531 44

123 113 106 10842 34 69 59

4 2 10 881 67 85 7790 86 95 91

5.2 3.2.. 58

12 941 5522 2187 9568 81

200 200

48 65 59 7043 65 80 8255 33 19 1754 32 16 11

31.5 14.5 1.2 1.052 45 8 23

8 21 9 2440 34 83 53

.. ..

.. ..12 12

.. 100

.. ..38 53 37 5021 28 9 18

.. .. .. ..19.0 20.0 43.0 32.5

.. .. 85.8 77.834 30 64 55

.. .. .. ..

7 24

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153The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 30.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 16.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 540Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 24.8

South Asia Low income

Nepal

1.05 1.0554 54 70 68

133 137 47 49.. 28

82 136 .. ..19 44 41 46

2 7 5 942 71 .. ..33 68 78 88

5.2 2.7.. 90.. 41

24 50.. 28

15 587 36

770 170

80 91 80 88.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

91 75 .. ..1 4 .. ..8 20 .. .... .... ..7 7

100 100.. ..

79 89 79 8677 81 73 73

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 2.4 3.1

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 21 30

6 33

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154 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 16.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 829.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 49,660Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Netherlands

1.06 1.0680 74 83 79

7 9 4 4.. ..

105 102 107 108111 120 121 12232 39 69 62

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

1.6 1.8.. 4.. ..

76 69.. .... .... ..

10 6

43 70 58 7187 88 89 8213 12 12 1812 7 10 135.1 0.3 1.0 0.3

3 5 2 311 35 6 2384 59 84 6138 4870 7516 16

100 10018 3040 66 56 6853 53 64 64

.. .. .. ..10.9 5.6 4.4 4.544.3 54.3 31.0 34.7

12 10 8 8.. .. 98 99

21 39

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155The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 254.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

New Caledonia

1.05 1.0573 68 80 73

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..99 99 100 99

3.2 2.1.. 20.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

46 73 47 68.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

.. ..

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156 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 4.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 127.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 29,140Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

New Zealand

1.06 1.0678 73 83 7910 12 5 7

.. ..

104 106 101 10189 88 122 11641 38 99 67.. .. .. .... .. .. ..

2.2 2.1.. 21.. .... .... ..

95 ..95 ..18 15

54 74 62 7487 75 88 8013 25 12 2010 15 9 15

1.9 0.7 1.3 0.78 13 4 9

14 33 10 3178 54 86 6148 5177 7314 140 100

31 4049 66 58 6953 56 49 51

.. .. .. ..7.3 8.1 6.8 6.3

10.7 17.9 7.1 9.313 15 16 18

.. .. 99 99

14 32

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157The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 8.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,510Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 11.9

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Nicaragua

1.05 1.0567 61 77 7160 72 22 29

.. ..

90 85 116 11942 26 73 66

8 8 .. ..56 41 84 78

.. .. .. ..

4.8 2.6.. 106.. 41

49 72.. 8

72 9061 74

170 95

35 83 47 8051 57 42 4949 43 59 5147 40 56 41

3.6 5.4 19.7 15.8.. .. 15 44.. .. 15 18.. .. 70 38.. 38

53 5912 1260 60

.. 4133 78 45 7526 68 30 62

.. .. .. ..14.7 9.0 8.8 7.4

.. .. .. ..15 11 10 8

.. .. 13 16

15 40

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158 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 16.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 5.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 360Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 43.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Niger

1.05 1.0542 41 55 54

307 320 122 12710 19

20 33 64 773 9 11 180 1 1 2

11 22 40 52.. .. .. ..

7.8 7.0.. 196

83 754 18

19 1630 4615 18

1,200 590

25 92 40 90.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... 36.. ..

14 1450 100

.. ..25 87 39 8522 78 33 74

.. .. 45.0 49.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 1 2

5 13

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159The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 162.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 207.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,280Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 68.0

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Nigeria

1.06 1.0647 44 53 51

205 222 119 12914 19

75 95 79 8721 27 41 47

2 6 .. .... .. 70 79

62 81 66 78

6.4 5.5.. 113

52 396 15

21 2057 5831 39

1,100 630

39 75 48 63.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

38 51 .. ..4 9 .. ..

57 38 .. .... .... ..

12 1250 50

.. ..37 69 45 5921 39 31 36

.. .. 40.1 41.24.4 3.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..22 12 .. ..

.. .. 26 33

.. 7

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160 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 61.2GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Northern Mariana Islands

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..0 4 .. ..

40 47 .. ..58 49 .. ..44 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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161The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 440.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 88,870Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Norway

1.06 1.0680 73 84 79

7 9 3 3.. ..

100 100 99 99103 99 110 112

42 35 93 5796 95 99 99

.. .. .. ..

1.9 1.9.. 8.. ..

74 .... .... ..

100 ..9 7

55 71 62 7093 85 96 90

7 15 4 10.. .. 3 7

2.6 1.6 0.1 0.24 8 1 4

11 35 7 3185 56 92 6547 4983 7118 56

100 100.. 31

52 65 60 6848 50 53 52

.. .. .. ..4.8 5.6 3.1 3.4

22.5 19.0 8.7 13.111 12 8 9

.. .. .. ..

36 40

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162 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 53.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 19,260Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Oman

1.05 1.0572 69 76 7146 49 8 9

.. ..

75 83 103 10534 47 103 105

4 4 34 2560 65 108 106

.. .. 98 98

7.2 2.2.. 9.. ..9 24.. ..

88 9987 99

110 32

17 81 28 8291 85 .. ..

6 14 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..5 10 .. ..7 8 .. ..

86 81 .. ..19 22

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..5 ..

15 76 24 7714 42 16 43

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 64 84

.. 1

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163The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 176.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 198.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,120Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 21.0

South Asia Lower middle income

Pakistan

1.05 1.0561 60 66 65

118 126 68 767 10

38 72 83 10112 29 30 40

2 4 8 9.. .. 59 74.. .. 61 79

6.0 3.3.. 29

32 2415 2732 2526 6119 43

490 260

13 85 23 83.. .. 22 40.. .. 78 61.. .. 78 59.. .. 65.0 19.7

72 48 75 3714 21 12 2214 31 13 418 13.. ..

12 12100 100

.. 312 81 21 8011 65 18 63

.. .. 13.5 12.50.7 2.8 8.7 4.0

.. .. .. ..1 6 11 7.. .. 3 17

10 23

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164 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 20.6GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 134.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,510Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Palau

.. ..75 63 .. ..24 40 14 23

.. ..

.. .. 103 100

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

2.8 .... .... .... 22.. .... 90

99 100.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..40 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 0

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165The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 26.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,470Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 6.6

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Panama

1.05 1.0575 70 79 7431 36 18 21

.. ..

104 109 106 10963 59 77 7125 18 56 3687 86 101 10195 95 97 98

3.0 2.5.. 77.. .... 52.. .... 96

86 89100 92

39 79 50 8380 53 74 6420 47 26 3619 44 24 33

3.3 7.7 5.5 2.83 38 7 23

11 16 10 2487 46 83 5343 4345 4814 14

100 100.. 46

30 68 45 7920 47 27 57

.. .. 5.4 12.122.6 12.8 4.9 4.226.6 20.9 .. ..

29 19 15 11.. .. 23 27

8 9

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166 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 10.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,480Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Papua New Guinea

1.08 1.0859 53 65 6184 92 55 60

.. ..

57 67 57 638 13 .. ..1 3 .. ..

41 49 .. .... .. 72 65

4.8 3.9.. 63.. 21.. 32.. .... 79.. 53

390 230

71 74 71 74.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

28 .... ..6 60 .... ..

68 72 69 7357 56 55 54

.. .. .. ..5.9 9.0 1.4 6.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

0 3

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167The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 19.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,020Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 7.2

Latin America & the Caribbean Lower middle income

Paraguay

1.05 1.0570 66 75 7048 57 20 2517 ..

102 106 96 10031 30 70 6610 11 40 2965 65 91 9095 96 99 99

4.5 2.9.. 68

24 ..48 7915 ..84 9666 82

120 99

54 91 58 8667 69 52 5333 31 48 4731 17 46 400.1 0.4 8.5 9.1

1 3 20 3115 36 9 2384 61 71 4641 4057 5812 1250 50

.. 3450 85 54 8349 78 42 71

.. .. .. ..6.3 6.7 7.4 4.4

.. .. .. ..17 15 18 10.. .. 23 21

6 13

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168 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 29.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 151.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,150Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 4.9

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Peru

1.05 1.0568 63 77 7171 79 17 2015 23

117 121 105 10665 69 91 92

.. .. 45 41

.. .. 97 9794 97 97 98

3.8 2.5.. 50

18 1959 7516 864 9553 85

200 67

46 78 68 8553 63 49 5947 37 50 4146 30 47 349.2 2.8 8.7 4.5

1 2 1 120 32 14 3280 66 86 67

.. 38

.. 6112 13

100 100.. 19

37 71 64 7927 44 49 60

.. .. 39.4 44.811.5 6.5 10.1 5.8

.. .. .. ..20 13 16 13

.. .. 18 23

6 22

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169The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 94.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 209.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,210Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 18.4

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Philippines

1.06 1.0668 62 72 6651 63 22 2914 17

108 110 105 10773 71 88 8231 21 31 2587 86 94 8997 96 98 97

4.3 3.1.. 48

14 1436 4926 1983 7853 72

170 99

48 83 50 79.. .. 51 53.. .. 49 47.. .. 46 42.. .. 17.4 9.0

31 53 23 4113 16 10 1856 31 68 4140 42

.. ..14 9

100 100.. 55

43 76 46 7431 53 30 49

.. .. .. ..9.8 7.1 6.6 7.4

.. .. .. ..19 13 19 16

.. .. 34 19

9 23

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170 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 38.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 477.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,380Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

High income

Poland

1.06 1.0676 67 81 7315 19 5 6

.. ..

98 100 98 9990 85 96 9824 17 87 58

.. .. 95 96100 100 100 100

2.0 1.3.. 13.. ..

73 .... .... ..

100 ..17 5

55 72 48 6471 69 80 7529 31 20 2528 28 17 207.8 5.5 5.2 2.524 24 13 1321 41 16 4255 35 71 45

.. 48

.. 6716 16

100 100.. 38

48 64 43 5829 39 22 31

.. .. .. ..14.7 12.2 10.4 9.036.0 33.3 32.5 30.7

30 26 29 24.. .. 68 72

14 24

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171The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 225.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 21,370Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Portugal

1.06 1.0678 71 84 7813 16 3 4

.. ..

118 123 110 11360 60 110 10826 20 71 60

.. .. .. ..99 99 100 100

1.4 1.4.. 13.. .... 67.. .... ..

98 ..15 8

49 73 57 6870 72 83 7530 28 17 2528 22 14 184.0 2.0 0.8 0.521 16 11 1126 41 16 3853 44 73 5143 4970 6012 17

100 10037 3348 71 49 6046 60 24 28

.. .. .. ..6.8 3.2 13.1 12.4

49.2 38.0 48.5 47.913 7 32 29

.. .. 78 85

8 29

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172 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 61.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 16,560Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Puerto Rico

1.05 1.0579 70 83 75

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. 88 84

.. .. 79 76

.. .. 102 70

.. .. .. ..94 92 87 86

2.2 1.8.. 51.. .... .... .... .... ..

33 20

31 60 36 5592 80 92 78

8 20 8 22.. .. .. ..

2.1 0.3 0.0 0.00 6 0 3

21 27 8 1879 68 91 7947 46

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 4327 50 31 4513 28 15 22

.. .. .. ..11.0 17.6 12.8 18.2

.. .. .. ..28 33 25 33

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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173The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 150.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 80,440Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Qatar

1.06 1.0475 74 78 7919 22 7 8

.. ..

96 103 104 10692 72 106 9836 10 31 576 72 96 9691 89 98 96

4.2 2.2.. 16.. ..

32 .... ..

94 100.. 100

15 7

43 94 52 95.. .. 100 99.. .. 0 1.. .. 0 0.. .. 0.0 0.0.. .. 0 2.. .. 4 61.. .. 96 38.. 12.. ..8 7

100 100.. 10

40 93 50 9527 68 31 77

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 3.3 0.2

.. .. 40.3 35.3

.. .. 9 0

.. .. 62 69

.. 0

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174 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 21.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 174.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 8,140Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Romania

1.06 1.0673 67 78 7133 41 11 14

.. ..

92 93 95 96101 104 97 98

8 8 68 5092 92 93 9299 99 97 97

1.8 1.3.. 29.. ..

57 .... .... ..

100 99170 27

52 67 49 6563 75 67 6737 25 33 3333 21 32 315.6 3.5 19.6 7.134 25 31 2937 49 20 3629 26 49 3542 4660 5016 18

.. 8527 3149 64 45 6044 54 20 28

.. .. .. ..8.7 7.7 6.8 7.9

51.0 39.6 40.9 42.623 22 24 24

.. .. 41 49

34 13

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175The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 143.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,522.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 10,650Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Russian Federation

1.06 1.0674 64 75 6323 31 10 13

.. ..

107 107 99 9991 89 87 9058 47 87 6594 93 .. ..

100 100 100 100

1.9 1.5.. 25.. ..

63 80.. .... ..

99 10074 34

60 77 56 7194 90 93 92

6 10 7 81 1 5 6

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1.. .. 7 11.. .. 19 38.. .. 74 51

51 5170 6520 20

100 100.. 37

52 67 53 6638 44 34 42

.. .. .. ..5.2 5.2 6.2 7.0

13.3 9.1 33.3 32.313 13 16 15

.. .. 48 49

16 14

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176 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 6.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 570Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 63.2

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Rwanda

1.01 1.0135 31 57 54

148 165 51 5721 33

75 76 143 14015 18 37 350 1 6 8

44 46 74 65.. .. 78 77

7.0 5.3.. 36

15 821 5239 2194 9826 69

910 340

89 89 86 85.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

96 83 .. ..1 5 .. ..3 11 .. .... .... ..

12 1233 100

.. ..88 88 86 8581 79 75 71

.. .. 7.0 8.00.2 0.6 2.4 2.4

.. .. .. ..1 1 .. .... .. 28 38

17 56

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177The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 183.9GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 580.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,160Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Samoa

1.08 1.0868 62 76 7026 33 16 21

.. ..

114 112 107 103.. .. 88 77.. .. .. .... .. 103 95

99 99 100 99

4.8 3.8.. 26.. .... 29.. .... 93

76 81260 100

40 77 43 78.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

0 4

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178 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 31.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 50,400Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

San Marino

.. ..

.. .. 86 8012 12 2 2

.. ..

.. .. 91 92

.. .. 96 94

.. .. 77 52

.. .. 95 92

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 93 89

.. .. 7 11

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 0.0 0.03 2 0 0

32 52 21 4866 46 79 5240 44

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 18

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..9.0 2.0 4.5 1.2

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

12 17

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179The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

São Tomé and PríncipePopulation (thousands) 168.5GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 226.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,350Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 28.2

1.03 1.0362 60 66 6393 99 86 92

.. 39

132 144 125 12934 37 74 65

.. .. 4 571 79 117 11292 96 96 95

5.4 3.6.. 58.. 34.. 38.. 37.. 98.. 82

150 70

37 78 44 7769 72 .. ..30 26 .. ..30 26 .. ..0.7 0.8 .. ..35 42 .. ..

3 19 .. ..59 36 .. ..32 ..

.. ..10 9

100 100.. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 24.5 11.0.. .. .. ..

14 6 .. .... .. .. ..

12 18

a

a

a

a

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180 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 28.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 500.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 17,820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Saudi Arabia

1.03 1.0370 68 75 7339 46 8 10

.. ..

.. .. 106 106

.. .. 92 10311 11 42 40

.. .. 105 10781 94 97 99

5.8 2.7.. 20.. .... 24.. .... 97.. 97

44 24

15 80 18 74.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 0 5.. .. 2 23.. .. 98 72.. 16.. ..

10 1050 100

.. 813 77 15 72

4 43 4 20.. .. .. .... .. 15.9 3.5.. .. .. .... .. 46 24.. .. 15 73

.. 0

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181The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 12.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 13.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,070Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 29.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Senegal

1.03 1.0354 52 60 58

129 143 60 6916 25

47 65 89 8310 20 40 44

.. .. 6 1033 53 65 6128 49 56 74

6.6 4.7.. 93

48 337 13

29 3074 9347 65

670 370

62 89 66 888 14 .. ..

91 78 .. ..91 77 .. ..

32.4 25.3 .. .... .. 33 34.. .. 5 20.. .. 42 33.. .... ..

14 14100 100

.. ..54 82 58 8244 73 43 71

.. .. 14.1 20.9

.. .. 13.6 7.9

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 20 12

.. .. 5 6

13 43

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182 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 41.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 5,690Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Serbia

1.08 1.0874 69 77 7227 30 6 8

.. 29

.. .. 95 95

.. .. 92 91

.. .. 57 44

.. .. 99 100

.. .. 99 99

1.8 1.4.. 20.. 5.. 61.. .... 99.. 100

23 12

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 73 67

.. .. 27 33

.. .. 25 28

.. .. 13.3 4.7

.. .. 21 23

.. .. 16 34

.. .. 63 4339 44

.. ..

.. 52

.. 100

.. 33

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 20.4 18.3

.. .. 70.6 72.4

.. .. 41 31

.. .. 62 62

.. 33

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183The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 86.0GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 969.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 11,270Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

Seychelles

.. ..74 68 77 7015 18 13 15

.. ..

109 112 113 113121 123 131 117

.. .. 4 1116 112 127 12398 97 99 99

2.7 2.1.. .... .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..86 79 .. ..

6 15 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

49 .... ..

14 .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

12.5 8.6 .. .... .. .. ..

28 18 .. .... .. .. ..

16 44

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184 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 460Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 53.4

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Sierra Leone

1.02 1.0240 37 48 47

253 280 176 194.. 22

42 63 120 12912 23 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 71 78

.. .. 50 69

5.7 4.9.. 112.. 443 11.. 28.. 93.. 63

1,300 890

65 67 66 69.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... ..

63 64 65 6644 33 47 37

.. .. 52.5 55.0

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 13 18

.. 12

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185The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 222.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 42,930Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Singapore

1.07 1.0778 73 84 80

7 8 2 3.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..99 99 100 100

1.9 1.2.. 6.. ..

65 .... .... .... ..6 3

51 79 57 7791 82 90 81

9 18 10 196 10 7 12

2.4 0.4 1.2 0.40 0 1 2

33 37 17 2667 63 83 7343 45

.. ..8 12

100 10017 3450 79 54 7455 57 33 37

.. .. .. ..2.0 2.5 3.2 2.6

.. .. .. ..3 3 .. .... .. 98 98

5 24

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186 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 36.6GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Sint Maarten (Dutch part)

.. ..

.. .. 78 73

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 1.7

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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187The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 87.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 16,190Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

High income

Slovak Republic

1.05 1.0575 67 80 7215 20 7 9

.. ..

100 100 101 10189 86 91 9016 16 67 4396 95 99 98

.. .. .. ..

2.1 1.5.. 17.. ..

74 .... .... ..

100 10015 6

59 72 51 6897 91 90 79

3 9 10 213 6 8 16

0.2 0.0 0.1 0.07 13 2 4

29 48 21 5064 39 77 4647 4972 62

.. 28

.. 5523 3153 66 44 5945 48 17 25

.. .. .. ..11.8 12.5 13.5 13.542.9 40.8 62.5 65.0

27 28 34 33.. .. 79 80

.. 19

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188 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 2.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 48.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 23,600Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

High income

Slovenia

1.05 1.0577 69 83 77

9 12 3 3.. ..

97 97 98 9992 87 97 9827 22 106 74

.. .. 96 97100 100 100 100

1.5 1.6.. 5.. .... .... ..

98 ..100 100

11 12

47 59 53 6588 82 87 8012 18 13 2010 14 11 15

4.6 2.0 5.3 3.410 11 9 936 52 21 4354 37 71 4848 48

.. 58

.. 15

.. 10026 3844 57 49 6027 30 30 37

.. .. .. ..6.0 8.1 8.2 8.2

50.0 57.1 43.1 45.119 25 17 15

.. .. 98 96

.. 32

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189The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 552.3GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 615.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,110Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Solomon Islands

1.09 1.0957 56 69 6643 41 22 21

.. ..

82 95 144 14611 17 45 51

.. .. .. ..47 60 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

5.9 4.2.. 66.. 22.. 35.. 11.. 74

85 86150 93

53 77 53 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..

12 1225 25

.. ..50 74 51 7737 51 38 52

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

0 2

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190 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 9.6GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Somalia

1.03 1.0346 43 53 50

170 190 170 190.. ..

9 18 23 427 13 5 111 4 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

6.6 6.3.. 68.. 45.. 15.. 26.. 26.. 33

890 1,000

35 78 38 77.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

22 .... ..

14 1450 50

.. ..33 73 35 7230 57 28 52

.. .. 41.5 45.5

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 27 35

4 14

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191The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 50.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 352.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,960Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 13.8

Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income

South Africa

1.03 1.0365 58 53 5258 66 44 50

.. ..

106 107 100 10471 61 96 9211 13 .. ..80 72 .. ..

.. .. 98 97

3.7 2.4.. 52.. ..

57 .... .... 97.. ..

250 300

33 64 44 61.. .. 86 83.. .. 13 16.. .. 11 9.. .. 1.2 0.5.. .. 4 6.. .. 13 33.. .. 68 58.. 45.. 63.. 17.. 60.. 31

25 49 32 4712 19 11 15

.. .. .. ..23.5 17.2 27.7 22.3

.. .. 32.8 33.0

.. .. 55 45

.. .. 51 56

3 42

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192 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.3GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

South Sudan

.. ..

.. .. 61 62215 220 119 122

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 3.9

.. ..

.. 52

.. 4

.. ..

.. 40

.. 19

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 45.7 45.6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 27

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193The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 46.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1,428.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 30,930Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Spain

1.06 1.0681 73 85 7910 12 4 5

.. ..

105 107 105 106105 99 126 123

37 34 86 70101 102 103 104100 100 100 100

1.3 1.4.. 11.. .... 66.. .... .... ..7 6

34 69 52 6773 74 88 8027 26 12 2025 21 9 13

10.5 3.0 1.0 0.610 13 2 617 41 9 3273 47 89 6232 4779 7716 1675 10030 3026 60 40 5326 44 22 24

.. .. .. ..24.5 11.6 22.2 21.258.5 43.3 42.7 40.6

40 23 44 48.. .. 92 95

15 36

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194 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 20.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 53.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,580Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 4.1

South Asia Lower middle income

Sri Lanka

1.04 1.0473 66 78 7227 31 11 13

.. ..

108 112 99 9975 69 102 99

3 6 20 1197 97 101 101

.. .. 99 98

2.5 2.3.. 22

14 1266 68

.. ..80 9994 9985 35

36 78 35 7666 58 54 5634 42 46 4434 40 45 40

18.7 6.7 22.4 4.443 37 38 3022 19 25 2432 38 27 28

.. 31

.. ..12 12

100 100.. 24

28 69 33 7415 40 20 42

.. .. 8.5 13.021.6 9.7 7.7 3.5

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 25 16

.. .. 67 70

5 6

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195The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 53.1GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 668.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 12,610Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

St. Kitts and Nevis

.. ..70 66 .. ..25 32 6 8

.. ..

111 116 91 8985 81 96 93

7 6 25 12104 131 98 88

.. .. .. ..

2.6 .... .... .... 54.. ..

100 100.. 100.. ..

.. .. .. ..84 81 .. ..14 17 .. ..12 12 .. ..

1.3 0.7 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

7 7

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196 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 176.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 1.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

St. Lucia

1.03 1.0373 69 77 7220 25 14 17

.. ..

136 142 92 9459 39 94 97

3 3 19 11120 120 93 93

.. .. .. ..

3.4 2.0.. 57.. ..

47 .... ..

100 99.. 100

64 35

58 76 64 7774 57 .. ..25 39 .. ..21 25 .. ..

4.1 1.7 .. ..15 30 .. ..19 24 .. ..64 43 .. ..52 ..

.. ..13 1360 6550 ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..7.0 6.6 18.5 10.0

.. .. .. ..15 15 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

0 17

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197The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 30.6GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

St. Martin (French part)

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

2.1 1.8.. .... .... .... .... .... .... ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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198 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 109.4GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 663.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 6,070Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

St. Vincent and Grenadines

1.03 1.0372 67 74 7024 29 19 23

.. ..

113 114 101 10967 54 109 106

8 4 .. .... .. 92 97.. .. .. ..

3.0 2.0.. 55.. ..

58 48.. .... 100.. 99

59 48

44 81 56 7879 71 .. ..21 29 .. ..17 22 .. ..

2.7 2.1 .. ..14 31 .. ..11 27 .. ..75 43 .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 13

.. 65

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..21.4 18.3 .. ..

.. .. .. ..43 32 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

10 17

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199The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 34.3c

GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 58.3d

GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,310d

Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 19.8c

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Sudan

1.05 1.0554 51 63 60

116 129 81 91.. 19

42 54 69 7618 23 36 412 3 .. .... .. 55 61.. .. 84 90

6.0 4.3.. 55

27 339 9.. 6.. 56

69 231,000 730

27 79 31 77.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

22 .... .... 8.. 100.. ..

23 72 26 7217 48 19 36.. .. 9.5 15.2.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 4 9

.. 25

c c c

c

c

c

c

c

c

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200 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 529.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 4.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 7,840Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Suriname

1.08 1.0871 64 74 6746 57 26 33

.. ..

123 112 112 11863 49 97 7411 9 .. ..96 81 93 82

.. .. 99 98

2.7 2.3.. 36.. 19

48 46.. .... 90.. 90

84 130

43 72 41 69.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..2 5 .. ..8 27 .. ..

87 65 .. ..41 3668 ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..34 62 33 6316 37 8 31

.. .. .. ..20.1 12.6 .. ..

.. .. .. ..47 29 .. ..

.. .. .. ..

8 12

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201The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,470Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 40.6

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Swaziland

1.03 1.0361 58 48 4976 91 94 113

.. 48

94 94 109 121.. .. 59 613 5 6 6

66 59 78 7684 83 95 92

5.7 3.3.. 71.. 7

20 65.. 24.. 97

56 82300 320

42 74 44 71.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

35 .... ..

12 120 .... ..

32 58 32 5622 33 20 31

.. .. 12.1 14.5

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 27 30

4 14

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202 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 9.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 502.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 53,170Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Sweden

1.06 1.0680 75 84 80

6 7 3 3.. ..

100 100 101 10292 88 99 10033 28 90 5896 97 97 97

.. .. .. ..

2.1 1.9.. 6.. .... .... .... ..

100 ..6 4

62 71 59 6895 87 94 86

5 13 6 15.. .. 4 9

0.5 0.2 0.2 0.22 5 1 3

14 43 8 3184 52 91 6651 5081 6312 6990 80

.. 3560 68 55 6358 57 40 40

.. .. .. ..1.8 1.9 7.5 7.6

11.8 12.3 13.6 17.85 5 22 24.. .. 99 99

38 45

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203The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 604.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 76,350Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Switzerland

1.05 1.0581 74 85 817 9 4 5.. ..

90 89 102 10392 99 94 9718 33 55 5552 51 97 94

.. .. .. ..

1.6 1.5.. 4.. .... .... .... .... 1007 8

56 80 61 7586 84 87 8314 16 13 1711 8 10 9

6.4 1.7 2.8 1.54 5 3 4

18 41 10 3178 54 83 6243 4782 80

8 14100 80

24 3356 80 58 7369 69 60 64

.. .. .. ..2.6 1.7 4.5 3.7

15.6 15.5 39.9 36.63 3 8 8.. .. .. ..

14 29

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204 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 20.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 56.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,750Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Syrian Arab Republic

1.05 1.0572 70 77 7433 39 14 16

.. ..

102 113 121 12243 59 73 7314 22 .. ..86 97 106 105

.. .. 94 96

5.3 2.9.. 38.. 13

40 54.. 11

51 8877 96

240 70

18 80 13 72.. .. 83 60.. .. 9 38.. .. 16 35.. .. 8.2 2.4

54 23 22 138 28 9 36

38 49 69 5115 15

.. 277 7

70 70.. 9

15 76 10 6714 60 5 42

.. .. 4.3 8.814.0 5.2 22.5 5.7

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 40 15

.. .. 20 27

9 12

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205The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.0GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 6.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 870Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 6.6

Europe & Central Asia Low income

Tajikistan

1.05 1.0566 60 71 64

106 122 56 70.. ..

90 92 98 102.. .. 82 94.. .. 16 31.. .. 102 106

100 100 100 100

5.2 3.2.. 26.. .... 37.. .... 80

90 8894 65

58 76 57 75.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

37 37.. .... 20.. .... ..

51 66 51 6733 44 31 46

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 2 3

.. 19

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206 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 46.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 24.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 540Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 67.9

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Tanzania

1.03 1.0352 49 59 57

152 163 65 7019 24

69 70 95 924 6 33 370 1 3 5

47 48 85 7778 86 76 78

6.2 5.5.. 129

37 3710 3428 2562 8844 49

870 460

87 91 88 904 13 6 15

96 87 94 8596 86 93 82

0.5 0.6 13.0 9.790 78 80 73

1 7 2 78 15 18 21.. 31

58 .... 12.. 100.. 16

76 81 77 8170 71 69 69

.. .. 27.1 35.04.3 2.8 5.8 2.8

34.3 35.0 .. ..8 7 10 7.. .. 14 21

.. 36

aa

aa

aa

aa

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207The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 69.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 308.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,440Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Thailand

1.05 1.0676 69 78 7131 39 11 13

.. 30

99 100 90 9129 28 82 7621 18 54 41

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

2.1 1.6.. 38

21 2066 80

.. ..80 9969 10054 48

76 87 64 8026 31 43 4574 69 57 5574 67 56 52

56.1 27.0 29.7 15.165 63 37 4112 16 18 2323 21 45 3742 46

.. ..12 13

100 100.. 25

71 84 63 8067 72 38 54

.. .. .. ..2.4 2.0 0.6 0.7

.. .. .. ..4 4 3 3.. .. 73 73

3 16

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208 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,730Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Timor-Leste

1.05 1.0547 45 63 62

169 190 51 57.. 12

.. .. 122 126

.. .. 59 57

.. .. 14 19

.. .. 74 71

.. .. 79 80

5.3 5.5.. 55.. 19

25 22.. 31.. 84.. 29

1,000 300

41 79 38 74.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 79 66.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... ..

39 76 37 7237 55 33 48

.. .. 17.7 22.2

.. .. 4.6 3.1

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 39

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209The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 6.2GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 3.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 570Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 28.2

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Togo

1.02 1.0255 51 59 56

136 158 102 118.. ..

75 117 133 14611 33 31 601 4 .. ..

24 51 67 86.. .. 75 88

6.3 4.0.. 57

44 2534 15

.. 4143 7231 59

620 300

67 84 80 81.. .. 6 17.. .. 94 83.. .. 94 83.. .. 28.4 23.1.. .. 48 61.. .. 4 10.. .. 46 29

41 .... .... 14.. 100.. ..

63 79 75 7654 63 61 58

.. .. 47.0 50.3

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 9 11

5 11

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210 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 104.5GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 399.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Tonga

1.05 1.0571 68 75 6921 28 13 18

.. ..

107 108 108 11298 99 101 101

.. .. .. ..120 135 106 102

.. .. 100 99

4.6 3.9.. 19.. .... 32.. .... 98

92 9867 110

36 76 54 75.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

0 4

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211The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 1.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 21.3GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 15,840Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Trinidad and Tobago

1.04 1.0473 65 74 6733 41 24 31

.. ..

97 96 103 10786 84 93 87

6 7 .. ..105 99 91 9199 99 100 100

2.4 1.6.. 32

34 853 43

.. 2798 9698 9886 46

39 76 55 7877 73 .. ..23 26 .. ..21 22 .. ..

6.5 2.5 .. ..6 15 2 5

14 34 15 4480 51 82 5136 ..38 ..13 1360 10036 ..34 56 51 7523 44 38 55

.. .. 2.7 4.124.2 17.9 6.2 3.536.1 20.2 .. ..

43 33 13 9.. .. 70 82

17 29

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212 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 10.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 42.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,020Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Middle East & North Africa Upper middle income

Tunisia

1.05 1.0572 69 77 7347 55 15 18

.. ..

104 120 108 11238 50 94 91

6 10 45 2974 86 92 9075 90 96 98

3.6 2.1.. 5

10 ..50 60

.. ..58 9669 95

130 56

21 76 26 7059 69 .. ..41 30 .. ..14 23 .. ..

21.8 5.7 .. ..23 26 .. ..44 31 .. ..32 41 .. ..23 ..

.. ..4 9

67 100.. ..

17 64 21 6019 38 15 29

.. .. .. ..21.7 14.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..30 31 .. ..

.. .. 25 39

4 27

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213The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 73.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 766.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 10,410Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Turkey

1.05 1.0565 61 76 7268 76 14 1610 ..

98 107 104 10537 63 79 869 17 50 61

87 97 100 10188 97 97 99

3.0 2.1.. 32

23 1463 7311 1862 9576 9567 20

35 82 28 7122 47 52 6678 54 48 34

.. .. 47 2769.2 13.0 35.4 4.8

76 34 39 1810 26 15 3114 41 45 5116 2362 6012 1667 67

.. 1032 74 25 6536 60 21 45

.. .. 1.8 3.38.5 7.8 11.3 9.2

50.3 43.3 34.2 22.515 17 21 17

.. .. 33 82

1 14

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214 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 5.1GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 24.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,800Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Europe & Central Asia Upper middle income

Turkmenistan

1.05 1.0566 59 69 6186 103 48 57

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 100 100

4.3 2.4.. 17.. 7.. 48.. .... 99.. 100

82 67

46 75 46 76.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... .... 16.. 100.. ..

41 65 42 6825 43 26 46

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 1 0

26 17

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215The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 39.2GNI, Atlas ($ millions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Turks and Caicos Islands

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 0 0

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 100

.. 100

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 96 94

.. .. 4 6

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. 38

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

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216 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 9.8GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 48.8GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 4,950Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income

Tuvalu

.. ..

.. .. .. ..52 63 27 33

.. ..

.. .. 98 102

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 109 89

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. 1039 31

.. 24

.. 97100 98

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

8 7

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217The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 34.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 17.5GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 510Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 38.0

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Uganda

1.03 1.0349 45 55 53

164 192 83 97.. 30

62 77 114 1128 14 26 301 2 4 15

28 47 54 5663 77 85 90

7.1 6.1.. 131

53 405 30.. 41

87 9338 57

600 310

82 82 76 80.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .... ..8 9.. 100.. ..

79 80 72 7763 60 54 57

.. .. 36.5 39.80.6 1.3 5.1 3.1

.. .. .. ..1 3 .. .... .. 15 26

12 35

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218 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 45.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 142.9GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 3,130Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Ukraine

1.06 1.0675 66 76 6617 22 9 11.. 49

107 107 100 9997 93 93 9546 35 88 7599 99 97 96

.. .. 100 100

1.8 1.5.. 27.. 10.. 67.. 10.. 99

100 9949 32

56 71 53 67.. .. 81 83.. .. 19 17.. .. .. .... .. 0.3 0.4.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

47 55.. .... 18.. 100.. 39

52 65 49 6136 37 30 38

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 6.8 8.8

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 19 19

.. .. 39 44

.. 9

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219The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 7.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 321.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 40,760Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

United Arab Emirates

1.05 1.0574 71 78 7620 24 6 7

.. ..

106 110 106 10369 56 93 9213 3 .. ..90 93 101 98

.. .. .. ..

4.4 1.7.. 24.. .... .... .... 100.. 100

24 12

25 91 44 92.. .. 99 95.. .. 1 5.. .. 0 1.. .. 0.0 0.0.. .. 0 5.. .. 7 28.. .. 93 66.. 20.. ..6 6

100 100.. 10

24 89 38 9015 62 24 54

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 12.0 2.0

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 22 8

.. .. 47 69

0 18

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220 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 62.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 2,370.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 37,780Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

United Kingdom

1.05 1.0579 73 83 79

8 10 5 6.. ..

106 106 107 10785 82 106 10526 28 70 50

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

1.8 2.0.. 30.. ..

70 84.. .... .... ..

10 12

53 75 56 6992 81 91 81

7 18 9 185 12 8 15

0.0 0.0 0.5 0.21 3 1 2

17 44 8 2981 53 91 6944 4785 7514 790 9031 3449 67 52 6261 66 46 46

.. .. .. ..6.5 7.0 7.1 8.4

23.4 41.2 27.5 37.79 11 18 22.. .. 98 97

6 23

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221The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 311.6GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 15,148.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 48,620Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

United States

1.05 1.0579 72 81 7610 13 7 8

.. ..

104 105 101 10291 91 97 9679 64 111 79

.. .. 104 103

.. .. .. ..

2.1 1.9.. 30.. ..

71 79.. .... ..

99 ..12 21

56 75 58 7093 90 95 99

7 11 6 8.. .. .. ..

0.5 0.1 0.1 0.11 4 1 2

15 36 7 2584 60 92 7247 48

.. ..12 12

0 .... 43

53 69 53 6351 57 42 42

.. .. .. ..5.5 5.7 8.5 9.43.7 7.0 30.2 32.211 12 16 19

.. .. 84 92

7 18

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222 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.4GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 40.0GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 11,860Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Uruguay

1.05 1.0576 69 80 7321 26 9 11

.. ..

108 109 110 11488 74 96 85

.. .. 80 4797 92 104 105

.. .. 99 98

2.5 2.0.. 59.. ..

83 .... .... 96.. 100

39 29

45 78 56 77.. .. 76 71.. .. 24 29.. .. 21 23.. .. 1.6 0.60 0 5 16

22 40 13 2978 60 83 5642 46

.. 6512 12

100 100.. 40

39 72 51 7333 57 36 52

.. .. 5.0 9.410.9 6.9 7.7 4.5

.. .. .. ..27 21 22 14

.. .. 24 23

6 12

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223The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 29.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 44.2GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,510Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Europe & Central Asia Lower middle income

Uzbekistan

1.05 1.0570 64 71 6568 82 42 55

.. 18

110 111 93 96.. .. 104 107.. .. 7 11.. .. 92 94.. .. 100 100

4.1 2.5.. 13.. 7.. 65.. 8.. 99.. 100

59 28

46 73 48 75.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

37 39.. .... 18.. 100.. ..

41 64 43 6725 42 26 45

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 21 24

.. 22

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224 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 245.6GNI, Atlas ($ millions) 669.6GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 2,730Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Vanuatu

1.07 1.0765 62 73 6936 41 12 14

.. ..

96 98 114 12016 20 55 54

.. .. .. ..82 85 83 8485 87 94 94

4.9 3.8.. 51.. 27

15 38.. .... 84

87 74220 110

79 88 61 80.. .. 23 29.. .. 76 68.. .. 75 67.. .. 9.2 8.5.. .. 62 59.. .. 3 11.. .. 33 29.. 39.. .... 13.. 50.. 29.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 5.2 4.1.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

4 0

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225The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 29.3GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 346.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 11,820Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 6.6

Latin America & the Caribbean Upper middle income

Venezuela, RB

1.05 1.0574 68 77 7128 34 13 17

.. ..

109 110 101 10462 50 87 8025 28 99 5886 76 96 9496 95 99 98

3.4 2.5.. 88.. ..

58 .... .... .... ..

94 92

37 81 52 8071 58 61 5529 42 39 4527 34 33 32

1.2 1.7 1.1 0.52 19 2 13

16 30 11 2982 52 87 5835 4266 6218 18

100 67.. ..

35 75 47 7422 54 27 50

.. .. 3.3 6.910.0 10.4 9.3 7.7

.. .. .. ..26 21 22 15

.. .. 36 53

10 17

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226 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 87.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 111.1GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,270Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 16.9

East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income

Vietnam

1.05 1.0567 64 77 7343 57 19 25

.. ..

104 113 103 109.. .. 81 74.. .. 25 24.. .. .. ..

93 94 96 97

3.6 1.8.. 24.. 9

53 78.. .... 94.. 93

240 59

76 85 73 81.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. 54 50.. .. 16 24.. .. 30 26.. .... .... 26

100 100.. ..

74 83 71 8071 76 56 61

.. .. 13.5 12.5

.. .. 2.4 1.7

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. 19 24

18 24

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227The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (thousands) 109.7GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

High income

Virgin Islands (U.S.)

1.06 1.0679 71 82 76

.. .. .. ..

.. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

3.1 1.8.. 23.. .... .... .... .... .... ..

51 80 54 72.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

48 .... .... .... .... .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

.. ..

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228 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 3.9GNI, Atlas ($ billions) ..GNI per capita, Atlas ($) ..Population living below $1.25 a day (%) <2

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

West Bank and Gaza

1.05 1.0570 67 75 7141 46 21 23.. ..

.. .. 92 92

.. .. 88 80

.. .. 60 43

.. .. 92 90

.. .. 99 99

6.5 4.4.. 49.. .... 50.. .... 99.. 99.. ..

10 68 15 66.. .. 67 68.. .. 33 32.. .. 32 25.. .. 19.5 4.7.. .. 21 10.. .. 8 28.. .. 71 62.. 17.. .... .... .... 108 54 13 524 35 5 29.. .. .. .... .. 26.8 23.1.. .. .. .... .. 50 37.. .. 10 29

.. ..

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229The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 24.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 26.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,070Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 17.5

Middle East & North Africa Lower middle income

Yemen, Rep.

1.05 1.0557 55 67 64

121 131 73 8012 ..

.. .. 81 100

.. .. 35 562 8 6 14.. .. 53 72

35 83 74 96

8.7 5.1.. 69

49 3210 28

.. 2426 4716 36

610 200

16 74 25 72.. .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

83 44 .. ..2 14 .. ..

13 38 .. ..6 6.. ..

10 970 100

.. ..12 67 19 63

9 39 11 39.. .. 15.9 20.7

3.9 9.3 40.9 11.5.. .. .. ..

10 20 .. .... .. 1 6

4 0

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230 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 13.5GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 15.7GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 1,160Population living below $1.25 a day (%) 68.5

Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income

Zambia

1.03 1.0349 46 49 49

186 200 80 8616 24

94 103 117 11815 26 .. ..

1 3 .. ..81 107 108 9866 67 67 82

6.5 6.3.. 140

43 4215 4131 2792 9451 47

470 440

74 86 73 8615 39 .. ..82 58 .. ..81 56 .. ..

55.7 27.8 .. ..56 47 .. ..

3 15 .. ..18 22 .. ..17 .... ..

12 12100 100

.. ..62 68 64 7147 47 51 52

.. .. 33.3 35.413.7 11.7 .. ..

.. .. .. ..21 21 .. ..

.. .. 23 19

7 12

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231The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

1990 2011 Female Male Female Male

DemographySex ratio at birth (boys per girls)Life expectancy at birth (years)Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Female-headed households (%)

EducationGross primary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross secondary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Gross tertiary enrollment ratio (% of relevant age group)Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group)Youth literacy rate (% of population ages 15–24)

Health and related servicesTotal fertility rate (births per woman)Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15–19)Women first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20–24)Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15–49)Unmet need for contraception (% of women ages 15–49)Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)

Economic structure, participation, and access to resourcesLabor force participation rate (% of population ages 15+)Wage and salaried workers (% of employed ages 15+)Self-employed workers (% of employed ages 15+)Vulnerable employment (% of employed ages 15+)Unpaid family workers (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in agriculture (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in industry (% of employed ages 15+)Employment in service (% of employed ages 15+)Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector (%)Women’s share of part-time employment (% of total)Maternity leave (weeks)Maternal leave benefits (% of wages paid)Female legislators, senior officials and managers (% of total)Employment to population ratio, total (% ages 15+)Employment to population ratio, youth (% ages 15–24)Children in employment (% of children ages 7–14)Unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15+)Long-term unemployment rate (% total unemployment)Youth unemployment rate (% of labor force ages 15–24)Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+)

Public life and decision makingSeats held by women in national parliament (%)

Population (millions) 12.8GNI, Atlas ($ billions) 8.4GNI per capita, Atlas ($) 660Population living below $1.25 a day (%) ..

Sub-Saharan Africa Low income

Zimbabwe

1.02 1.0262 59 50 5272 86 61 7333 45

100 101 .. ..44 50 .. ..

4 8 5 7.. .. .. ..

94 97 100 98

5.2 3.2.. 56

33 3143 59

.. 1591 9070 66

450 570

67 80 83 9018 53 .. ..82 47 .. ..82 47 .. ..

20.5 16.4 .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .... .. .. ..

15 .... ..

12 1460 100

.. ..64 74 80 8547 48 72 73

.. .. .. ..7.9 6.5 .. ..

.. .. .. ..43 46 .. ..

.. .. 37 43

11 15

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a . Data are for 2012 .

b . Includes Taiwan, China .

c . Excludes South Sudan .

d . Excludes South Sudan after July 9, 2011 .

Notes

232 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

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Account at a formal financial institution is the percentage of respondents with an account (self or together with someone else) at a bank, credit union, another financial institution (e .g ., cooperative, microfinance institution), or the post office (if applicable) including respondents who reported having a debit card . (World Bank)

Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15–19 . (United Nations Population Division)

Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary care to women during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns . (United Nations Children’s Fund, ChildInfo, and ICF International)

Children in employment are children ages 7–14 who are involved in any economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey . (Understanding Children’s Work)

Contraceptive prevalence is the percentage of women married or in-union ages 15–49 who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception . (United Nations Children’s Fund and ICF International)

Employment in agriculture is the proportion of employment in agriculture—division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing—in total employment . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Employment in industry is the proportion of employment in industry—divisions 2–5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C–F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water)—in total employment . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Employment in service is the proportion of employment in service—divisions 6–9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G–P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal service—in total employment . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country’s population that is employed . Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population and ages 15–24 are generally considered the youth population . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Female headed household is the percentage of households with a female head . (ICF International)

Glossary

233The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

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Glossary

234 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

Female legislators, senior officials and managers refer to the share of legislators, senior officials and managers who are female . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad . Data are in current U .S . dollars . GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U .S . dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions . To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank . This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States) . From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States . Figures in italics are for years other than 2011 . (World Bank)

GNI per capita is gross national income (GNI) converted to U .S . dollars using the World Bank Atlas method divided by midyear population . GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad . GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U .S . dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies . The World Bank Atlas method is used to smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates . It averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country and the Euro zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States . Figures in italics are for years other than 2011 . (World Bank)

Gross primary enrollment ratio is the total enrollment in primary level, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corre-sponds to the primary education . (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics)

Gross secondary enrollment ratio is the total enrollment in secondary level, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the secondary education . (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics)

Gross tertiary enrollment ratio is the total enrollment in tertiary level, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corre-sponds to the tertiary education . (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics)

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Glossary

235The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Life expectancy at birth is the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life . (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and ICF International .)

Long-term unemployment rate is the share of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer in the total unemployed . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Maternal leave benefits are percentage of the wage paid during the maternity leave . (United Nations)

Maternal mortality ratio is a modeled estimate showing the number of women who die from pregnancy-related causes during pregnancy and childbirth per 100,000 live births . (World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, United Nations Population Fund and the World Bank)

Maternity leave is a number of weeks that the benefits are provided . (United Nations)

Population is the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship—except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin . Figures in italics are for years other than 2011 . (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and ICF International .)

Population below $1.25 a day is the percentages of the population living on less than $1 .25 a day at 2005 international prices . Data are the most recent estimate since 2000 . Figures in italics are for years other than 2011 . (World Bank)

Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy . (United Nations Children’s Fund and ICF International)

Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school . It is calculated by dividing the total number of students in the last grade of primary school minus the number of repeaters in that grade by the total number of children of official completing age . (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics)

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236 2013 The Little Data Book on Gender

Seats held by women in national parliament is the percentage of parlia-mentary seats in a single or lower chamber occupied by women . Data listed for 2011 are for 2012 (Inter-Parliamentary Union)

Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a “self-employment jobs .” (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Sex ratio at birth refers to male births per female births . (United Nations Population Division)

Total fertility rate is the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates . (World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division’s World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and ICF International .)

Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before age five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates . (United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization, World Bank, and United Nations Population Division)

Unemployment rate is the share of labor force without work but available for and seeking employment . Definitions of labor force and unemployment may differ by country . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Unmet need for contraception is the percentage of fertile, married women of reproductive age who do not want to become pregnant and are not using contraception . (ICF International)

Unpaid family workers are those who work without pay in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household . (International Labour Organization)

Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Wage and salaried workers are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as “paid employment jobs,” where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Women first married by age 18 is the percentage of women ages 20–24 who were first married by age 18 . (United Nations Children’s Fund and ICF International)

Glossary

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237The Little Data Book on Gender 2013

Women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector is the share of female workers in the nonagricultural sector (industry and services), expressed as a percentage of total employment in the nonagricultural sector . Industry includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, electricity, gas, and water, corresponding to divisions 2–5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C–F (ISIC revision 3) . Services include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services—corresponding to divisions 6–9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G–P (ISIC revision 3) . (International Labour Organization)

Women’s share of part-time employment is the female share of total part-time workers . Part-time worker is an employed person whose normal hours of work are less than those of comparable full-time workers . Definition of part-time varies across countries . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15–24 that can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life . (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics)

Youth unemployment rate is the share of the labor force ages 15–24 without work but available for and seeking employment . Definitions of labor force and unemployment may differ by country . (International Labour Organization Key Indicators of Labour Market database)

Glossary

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