Psychology The seven perspectives and the people who made them famous.
Transcript of Psychology The seven perspectives and the people who made them famous.
Psychoanalytic
Childhood experiences greatly influence the development of later personality traits and psychological problems.Unconscious / Fears / Desires
FreudJungHorneyAdlerErikson
Humanistic
Emphasizes that each individual has great freedom in directing his/her future, a large capacity for achieving personal growth, intrinsic worth, and enormous potential for self-fulfillment.
Phenomenological / Holistic / Self-Actual Needs
Maslow
Rogers
Behavioral
Analyzes how organisms learn new behaviors or modify existing ones, depending on whether events in their environments reward or punish these behaviors.Learning / Society / Conditioning / Observable / Rewards
PavlovWatsonSkinnerBanduraVygotsky
Cognitive
Focuses on how we process, store, and use information and how this information influences what we attend to, perceive, learn, remember, believe, and feel.Thinking / Metacognition / Mental Processes
PiagetSchachterFestigerEbbinghaus
Neurobiological
Examines how our genes, hormones, and nervous system interact with our environments to influence learning, personality, memory, motivation, emotions, coping techniques, and other traits and abilities.Nature / Genetics / Neurons / Critical Periods / Brain
BrocaWernickeChomsky
Socio-Cultural
Maintains that behavior and mental processes are shaped not only by prior learning experiences or the unconscious but also by social or cultural context.Culture / Groups / Norms / Roles / Attributions
Kurt LewinZimbardoAschMilgrim