COINTELPRO: Psychological Warfare and Magnum Justice

Fro

m O

ur R

eade

rs

You

r m

agaz

ine

is f

anta

stic

!!!

I'm s

o im

pres

sed!

Kee

p up

the

fab

ulou

s w

ork.

Cal

ifor

nia

Vol

. 2, I

ssue

4 o

f Cou

nter

Spy

is o

ut-

stan

ding

. It's

har

d to

put

dow

n in

wor

ds

how

this

hel

ps to

rai

se m

oral

e. J

ust

know

ing

that

peo

ple

like

you

are

rig

ht in

th

e m

iddl

e of

the

acti

on a

gain

st th

e sy

stem

mak

es u

s w

ant t

o fi

ght h

arde

r ag

ains

t in

just

ice.

I

thin

k on

e of

our

mai

n go

als

shou

ld

be to

rea

lly

know

and

love

eac

h ot

her

as f

rien

ds a

nd to

alw

ays

stru

ggle

aga

inst

al

l for

ms

of in

just

ice

— s

exis

m, r

acis

m

—et

c.

The

one

thin

g th

at ir

ks m

e is

that

I'm

56

yea

rs o

ld a

nd p

roba

bly

won

't li

ve to

se

e th

e bi

g ch

ange

s th

at a

re c

omin

g -

but y

ou n

ever

kno

w.

Viv

a la

Rev

oluc

ion!

J.

Rob

inet

t T

ucso

n, A

Z

The

onl

y th

ing

wro

ng w

ith

your

pub

-li

cati

on is

that

it d

oesn

't co

me

out o

ften

en

ough

. If

we

can

help

you

in a

ny w

ay

we

wou

ld b

e pl

ease

d to

do

so.

R. A

uler

O

kauc

hee.

WI

(The

pos

sibi

lity

of p

ubli

shin

g C

ount

er.

Spy

hi-

mon

thly

is u

nder

con

side

rati

on.

—E

d.)

I ho

pe y

ou a

re h

avin

g fu

n ki

llin

g of

f am

eric

an s

ecur

ity

agen

ts a

nd i

n-te

llig

ence

off

icer

s. B

ut ju

st r

emem

ber

wha

t ha

ppen

s to

tra

itor

s in

thi

s na

tion

, re

trib

utio

n w

ill

com

e so

mda

y. I

don

't th

ink

the

Fir

st A

men

dmen

t to

Our

N

atio

ns C

onst

itut

ion

cove

rs a

cts

of

trai

tori

sm a

nd a

ccom

plic

e to

mur

der.

Y

es g

entl

emen

mur

der,

bec

ause

you

are

w

holl

y an

d co

mpl

etel

y re

spon

sibl

e fo

r th

e de

ath

of C

.I.A

. Age

nt R

icha

rd

Wel

ch. I

hav

e w

ritt

en b

oth

to t

he

Pre

side

nt a

nd S

ecre

tary

of

Sta

te a

nd

com

plai

ned

loud

ly a

bout

you

r tr

aito

rous

lit

tle

Rag

. I p

ray

the

FB

I sh

uts

you

mod

ern

Ben

edic

t A

rnol

ds

dow

n. I

ful

ly s

uppo

rt t

he C

IA a

nd

alw

ays

wil

l so

jam

you

r m

agaz

ine

up

your

ass

sid

eway

s.

F. A

stri

p C

leve

land

, Ohi

o

Con

grat

ulat

ions

on

your

lat

est.

The

ne

w C

ount

erS

py i

s m

uch

impr

oved

in

appe

aran

ce, r

eada

bili

ty, a

nd e

very

ot

her

way

. Fee

l pr

oud

of w

hat

you'

ve

done

, and

kee

p up

the

goo

d w

ork.

R

ober

t F

ried

man

N

ew Y

ork,

N.Y

.

1 ju

st r

ecei

ved

your

lat

est

issu

e of

C

ount

erSp

y. Y

ou're

con

tinu

ing

to d

o a

fant

asti

c jo

b.

One

thi

ng I

wou

ld l

ike

to m

enti

on,

for

the

reco

rd. Y

our

list

of

alle

ged

CIA

pe

ople

tak

en f

rom

the

Las

t P

ost

is

inac

cura

te. F

irst

of

all,

the

Sta

tion

C

hief

Cle

avla

nd C

. Cra

m (

one

"m")

as

reve

aled

by

our

C.B

.C. p

rogr

am "

The

F

ifth

Est

ate,

" br

oadc

ast

on J

anua

ry 9

, 19

74 (

star

ring

Bar

t, V

icto

r, B

rade

n,

Win

slow

and

oth

ers)

. Oth

ers

publ

ishe

d in

you

r li

st a

re t

wo

FB

I li

aiso

n of

fice

rs

(Mar

ion

is t

he F

BI

chie

f in

Ott

awa)

, an

IRS

guy

, a D

EA

guy

and

a r

eal

Sta

te

Dep

artm

ent

guy.

I t

hink

you

oug

ht t

o ch

eck

thes

e th

ings

out

fro

m y

our

end

befo

re p

ubli

shin

g na

mes

of

"CIA

in

Can

ada"

whi

ch a

re l

ess

than

acc

urat

e.

Kee

p up

the

goo

d w

ork.

Ja

mes

R. D

ubro

O

ntar

io, C

anad

a

As

a st

uden

t of

Am

eric

an p

olit

ical

as

sass

inat

ions

, it h

as b

ecom

e in

crea

sing

-ly

cle

ar to

me

that

our

inte

llig

ence

age

n-ci

es h

ave

reac

hed

a st

age

in p

ower

that

th

reat

ens

the

very

pre

mis

e on

whi

ch th

is

coun

try

was

fou

nded

. I

beli

eve

that

it is

eve

ry A

mer

ican

's

duty

to b

ecom

e fu

lly

awar

e of

the

acti

vi-

ties

of

thes

e ag

enci

es, a

nd to

dem

and

not

only

an

inve

stig

atio

n in

to th

ese

acti

viti

es,

but a

lso

a re

-eva

luat

ion

of th

ese

agen

-ci

es' r

oles

in o

ur s

ocie

ty s

o th

at th

ey c

an

be r

ebui

lt in

to s

ervi

ng a

pro

per

role

in

our

soci

ety.

I

beli

eve

that

the

maj

orit

y of

the

peop

le

in th

is c

ount

ry d

o no

t ful

ly r

eali

ze th

e ex

tent

of

the

dang

ers

invo

lved

in a

l-lo

win

g t

hes

e ag

enci

es f

ree

reig

n o

f po

wer

. And

1 s

ince

rely

hop

e th

at a

m

anda

te f

rom

the

peop

le o

f th

is c

ount

ry.

wil

l bri

ng th

ese

agen

cies

und

er th

e co

ntro

l to

whi

ch th

ey r

ight

full

y be

long

; th

e pe

ople

. M

. Bed

ford

A

usti

n, T

X

We

need

mor

e si

ncer

e an

d ho

nest

pe

ople

as

are

the

auth

ors

of C

oun-

terS

py a

rtic

les.

The

let

ter

to t

he E

dito

r si

gned

Ano

nym

ous

(in

the

Win

ter

1976

is

sue)

cla

imin

g to

be

a V

iet

Nam

and

W

orld

War

II

Vet

eran

pro

ves

to b

e a

lett

er c

onco

cted

by

sick

twis

ted

Naz

i-ty

pe m

inds

. My

husb

and

is a

dec

orat

ed

Wor

ld W

ar I

I V

eter

an a

nd h

e pr

aise

s C

ount

erS

py f

or p

ubli

shin

g w

ith

grea

t co

urag

e, f

acts

tha

t w

e, t

he t

axpa

yers

, ha

ve a

rig

ht t

o kn

ow. I

don

't ne

ed t

heir

na

zi b

rand

of

fasc

ism

! I

am 5

1 an

d I

say

"Abo

lish

the

CIA

!" W

e do

n't

need

th

em a

nd t

he t

axpa

yers

can

not

affo

rd

them

. D

. Tan

k S

hebo

ygan

, WI

You

r ef

fort

s ar

e to

be

com

men

ded

high

ly!!

Con

grat

ulat

ions

. Do

pers

ever

e,

do c

onti

nue

the

stru

ggle

! I

encl

ose

a co

py o

f th

e W

isco

nsin

Ass

assi

nati

on

Info

rmat

ion

Bur

eau'

s ne

wsl

ette

r, th

e M

onit

or. I

s is

ess

enti

ally

a c

olle

ctiv

e ef

fort

that

, mon

ey a

llow

ing,

wou

ld

inde

ed b

e a

mon

thly

eff

ort.

It is

not

for

la

ck o

f m

ater

ial t

hat w

e've

not

pub

lish

ed

sinc

e m

id-F

ebru

ary.

W

. Rom

berg

M

ilw

auke

e, W

I

I ju

st le

arne

d ab

out y

our

wor

k fr

om

the

Mar

ch is

sue

of "

The

Pro

gres

sive

".

Ple

ase

send

me

your

qua

rter

ly jo

urna

l be

ginn

ing

wit

h th

e Ja

nuar

y 19

76 is

sue.

I

am a

type

sett

er b

y pr

ofes

sion

, how

-ev

er, I

am

ver

y m

uch

inte

rest

ed in

pol

i-ti

cs, d

omes

tic

as w

ell a

s in

tern

atio

nal.

Bei

ng 5

5 ye

ars

old,

I k

now

the

hist

ory

of

my

coun

try

very

wel

l, an

d I a

m c

erta

in

that

I c

an le

arn

a lo

t fro

m y

our

publ

ica-

tion

and

pro

fit b

y it

. And

so

I th

ink

it a

m

ust

read

ing

to le

arn

wha

t is

goin

g on

it

s yo

ur c

ount

ry a

nd th

e te

ntac

les

whi

ch

exte

nd a

cros

s th

e A

tlan

tic

to E

urop

e,

and

here

esp

ecia

lly

to W

est G

erm

any!

!!

F. J

aege

r W

est G

erm

any

We

enco

urag

e re

ader

s to

wri

te to

C

ount

erSp

y ab

out t

he m

agaz

ine,

the

CIA

, you

r lo

cal p

olic

e, r

ight

-win

g ac

tivi

ty, o

r an

y ot

her

issu

es o

f the

inte

nt.

genr

e co

mm

unit

y. W

e ap

prec

iate

you

r su

ppor

t as

wel

l as

your

cri

tici

sms.

Wri

te:

Cou

nter

Spy,

Box

647

, Bes

s F

rank

lin

Stat

ion,

Was

hing

ton,

D.C

. 200

44.

16 C

ongr

essi

onal

Aid

e S

pie

s on

Lef

t E

xclu

sive

ana

lysi

s ex

posi

ng r

ight

-win

g fi

les

mai

ntai

ned

on t

he L

eft

sinc

e 19

69 —

a d

omes

tic

oper

atio

n to

riv

al t

he F

BI.

INF

OR

MA

TIO

N

Sho

uld

the

prac

tice

of

Spy

dom

bec

ome

univ

ersa

l, fa

rew

ell t

o al

l do

mes

tic

conf

iden

ce a

nd h

appi

ness

. T

he L

ondo

n T

imes

C

hris

tmas

185

9

Vol

. 3, I

ssue

1 S

prin

g 19

76

Edi

tori

al B

oard

Ju

lie

Bro

oks

Tim

But

z E

da G

ordo

n H

arve

y K

ahn

Win

slow

Pec

k E

llen

Ray

M

arga

ret

Van

Hou

ten

Cou

nter

Spy

sen

ds s

peci

al th

anks

to:

Phi

lip

Age

e, C

hip

Ber

let,

Tam

i B

road

head

, M

into

n B

rook

s, C

hris

tien

, Mic

hael

Dro

ben-

are,

Ala

ine

Dav

nie,

Car

ol B

erns

tein

Fer

ry,

W.H

. Fer

ry, R

ober

t F

ried

man

, Mar

k H

osen

-ba

ll, D

ana

John

son,

Phi

l K

elle

y, L

BS

, Fre

d-er

ick L

aure

nt,

Car

l M

ichae

l, R

ita

Mar

an,

Cla

ir N

orde

n, H

einz

Nor

den.

Dou

g P

orte

r,

Angel

a, S

eize

s, J

ack L

. S

chw

artz

. S

ourc

e C

olle

ctiv

e,R

obby

lee

Ter

ry, l

int

Tru

e, B

erni

e V

orha

us, H

edy

Vor

haus

, and

the

Cou

nter

-S

pies

of

the

Fil

th E

stat

e. T

ypes

etti

ng b

y U

ni-

corn

.

Cov

er p

hoto

fro

m L

iber

atio

n N

ews

Ser

vice

.

2 C

om

men

t: T

he G

over

nmen

t W

ar A

gain

st t

he T

hird

Wor

ld

Ela

ine

Bro

wn. B

lack

Pan

ther

Par

ty /

Jim

mie

Durh

am, In

dia

n T

reat

y

Counci

l /

Juan

Mar

i B

ras,

Puer

to R

ican

Soci

alis

t P

arty

/ M

aria

Ser

na,

C

rusa

de f

or J

usti

ce /

Phi

l O

chs

11 T

ren

ds:

M

ore

Rec

ruit

s fo

r C

IA /

Lab

or S

pies

, Inc

. / S

tum

p C

olby

/

15.

T

he

FB

I: P

ast.

Pre

sen

t ..

. an

d F

utu

re

24 C

OIN

TE

LP

R 0

: P

sych

olog

ical

War

fare

an

d M

agn

um

Ju

stic

e

32 W

omen

's L

iber

atio

n —

A S

ub

vers

ive

Act

?

34 F

AC

FI:

U.S

. Pu

shes

Nat

ion

al I

D C

ard

36 T

IP:

Ter

rori

st I

nfo

rmat

ion

Pro

ject

B

lack

lash

to I

ndia

n S

over

eign

ty

38

CIA

Aro

und

the

Wor

ld

Mor

e C

IA i

n A

fric

a. G

erm

any

and

Eng

land

/ E

LI':

CIA

Mer

cena

ries

P

repa

re t

o In

vade

Por

tuga

l /

Apa

rthi

ed's

Cor

pora

te C

over

t A

ctio

n /

Sil

verm

ine:

Sou

th A

fric

a's

Esp

iona

ge H

oax

62 K

eep

on

Kee

pin

' O

n

Thi

rd W

orld

Sup

port

for

Afr

ica,

Lat

in A

mer

ica,

Chi

le. t

he M

iddl

e E

ast,

S

outh

east

Asi

a an

d N

ativ

e A

mer

ican

s

Spr

ing

1976

, Cou

nter

Spy

1

CO

'UN

'TER

Spy

The

Qua

rter

ly J

ourn

al o

f the

Org

aniz

ing

Com

mitt

ee fo

r a

Fift

h E

stat

e

Fif

th E

state

Ad

vis

ory

Board

*

Ph

ilip

Ag

ee

Form

er C

IA c

ase

off

icer

S

ylv

ia C

ran

e N

ati

on

al

Com

mit

tee

Again

st R

epre

ssiv

e L

egis

lati

on

D

av

id D

elli

ng

er

Inst

itu

te f

or

New

Co

mm

un

ica

tio

ns

Fra

nk

Don

ner

A

CL

U P

oli

tica

l S

urv

eill

an

ce P

roje

ct

Rob

ert

Katz

A

ssass

inati

on

In

form

ati

on

Bu

reau

W

illi

am

Ku

na

der

A

ttorn

ey a

nd

form

er O

SS

off

icer

M

ark

La

ne

Cit

izen

s C

om

mis

sio

n o

f In

qu

iry

S

idn

ey L

ens

Au

thor,

lab

or

org

an

izer

D

r. R

alp

h L

ewk

C

rim

ina

l J

ust

ice

Res

earc

h D

irec

tor,

Mic

hig

an

Sta

te

Un

iver

sity

K

. B

art

on

Osb

orn

F

orm

er M

I a

gen

t a

nd

co

nsu

lta

nt

to t

he

CIA

D

. G

are

th P

ort

er

Co-D

irec

tor,

In

doch

ina R

esou

rce

Cen

ter

Col.

L. F

letc

her

Pro

uty

(re

t.)

Form

er m

ilit

ary

lia

ison

to t

he

CIA

M

arc

os

Ra

skin

C

o-D

irec

tor,

In

stit

ute

fo

r P

oli

cy S

tud

ies

Ton

y R

un

e

Form

er R

AN

D C

orp

. em

plo

yee

K

irk

patr

ick

Sale

A

uth

or

Sta

nle

y S

hel

nb

au

m

Am

eric

an

Civ

il L

iber

ties

Un

ion

R

ev. P

hil

lip

Wh

eato

n

Ecu

men

ical

Pro

gra

m f

or

Inte

r-A

mer

ican

C

om

mu

nic

ati

on

s an

d A

ctio

n

Wil

liam

Tu

rner

F

orm

er S

pec

ial

Ag

ent,

Fed

era

l B

ure

au

of

Inv

esti

ga

tio

n

*org

aniz

atio

ns

list

ed f

or id

enti

fica

tion

pu

rpos

es o

nly

Cou

nte

rSp

y is

pu

bli

shed

qu

arte

rly

by

the

Org

aniz

ing

Com

mit

-te

e fo

r a

Fif

th E

stat

e. A

dd

ress

all

cor

resp

ond

ence

to:

Pos

t O

f-fi

ce B

ox 6

47, B

en F

ran

kli

n S

tati

on, W

ash

ingt

on, D

.C. 2

0044

. T

elep

hon

e (2

0217

85-8

330.

Su

bsc

rip

tion

s In

Coa

nte

rSp

yl 5

6.00

/yr.

In

div

idu

als;

S10

/yr.

li

bra

ries

. non

-gov

ern

men

t in

stit

uti

ons;

518

/yr.

ove

rsea

s: $

75/y

r.

gove

rnm

ent

agen

cies

. Sin

gle

cop

ies

are

51.5

0. E

xcep

t fo

r C

onn

-te

rSp

y W

inte

r 1976. w

e h

ave

m a

vail

ab

le b

ack

iss

ues

. B

ack

is

sues

of

Cou

nte

rSp

y ar

e m

aila

ble

on

mic

rofi

lm. W

rite

Xer

ox

Un

iver

sity

Mic

rofi

lms.

300

Nor

th Z

eeb

Rd

., A

nn

Arb

or, M

ich

-ig

an 4

8106

or

call

tol

l fre

e 80

0.52

1-06

00.

Cou

nts

eSp

y w

elco

mes

man

usc

rip

ts o

n a

ny

asp

ect

of s

ecu

rity

. S

ign

ed a

rtic

les

are

a p

rod

uct

of

the

auth

ors

only

, an

d d

o n

ot

nec

essa

rily

ref

lect

th

e vi

ews

of a

ll e

dit

ors,

sp

onso

rs, a

dvi

sors

, or

ass

ocia

tes

of t

he

Fif

th E

stat

e. C

opyr

igh

t ©

Fif

th E

stat

e 19

76.

Coa

nte

rSp

y w

elco

mes

cri

tici

sm y

ou m

ay h

ave.

Th

rou

gh r

ead

er

inp

ut

ma

ny

im

po

rta

nt

cha

ng

es i

n t

he

jou

rna

l h

av

e a

nd

wil

l co

nti

nu

e to

be

mad

e.

CO

MM

EN

T

Aft

er t

he

cak

e a

nd

la

ug

hte

r o

f a

bir

thd

ay

cel

ebra

tio

n.

we

oft

en p

urs

ue

soli

tud

e to

evalu

ate

an

d l

earn

fro

m o

ur

life

ex-

per

ien

ce.

Tw

o h

un

dre

d y

ears

old

th

is y

ear,

Am

eric

a m

ust

tra

ce

its

life

tim

e to

o;

crim

es o

f gen

oci

de

in i

ts g

lob

al

effo

rt t

o p

oli

ce

the

wo

rld

; in

stit

uti

on

ali

zed

ra

cia

l a

nd

sex

ua

l d

iscr

imin

ati

on

st

ill

exp

lod

ing t

hro

ugh

ou

t th

e la

nd

; p

lan

ned

str

uct

ura

l u

nem

-p

loy

men

t ri

sin

g;

crim

es c

om

mit

ted

by

th

e h

igh

est

off

icia

ls a

nd

th

e u

niv

ersa

l er

osi

on

of

con

fid

ence

in

Am

eric

a o

n i

ts b

irth

day.

Bu

t th

e p

eop

le o

f th

is l

an

d m

ust

sw

all

ow

a m

ore

dif

ficu

lt p

ill:

ou

r li

ber

al

dem

ocr

ati

c tr

ad

itio

ns

are

no l

on

ger

a m

atc

h f

or

the

an

ti-d

em

ocrati

c s

en

tim

en

t gain

ing m

om

en

tum

am

on

g o

ur

nati

on

's r

ule

rs.

Th

is b

itte

r le

sso

n i

s b

est

rev

eale

d i

n t

he

curr

ent

Co

ng

ress

ion

-a

l m

ov

e to

ach

iev

e w

ha

t R

ich

ard

Nix

on

on

ly d

rea

med

of

—th

e le

gali

zati

on

of

ille

gali

ty. T

he

resu

lts

of

the

Con

gre

ssio

nal

in-

ves

tig

ati

on

in

to t

he

ab

use

of

po

wer

in

th

e in

tell

igen

ce a

gen

cies

are

un

fort

un

ate

; th

ere

wil

l b

e on

ly m

ore

wir

etap

s, m

ore

cover

t w

ars

, m

ore

sec

rets

an

d m

ore

sp

ies.

Th

is i

s a n

atu

ral

resu

lt o

f an

in

qu

iry

pla

gu

ed b

y l

ack

of

con

cern

fo

r th

e re

pre

ssio

n o

f n

on

-w

hit

e A

mer

ica

ns,

a s

tub

bo

rn u

nw

illi

ng

nes

s to

ex

plo

re c

urr

ent

ab

use

s, a

nd

a t

imid

str

ate

gy f

or

revea

lin

g t

hose

of

the

past

. E

ven

if

ther

e w

as

no

pre

-med

ita

ted

pla

n t

o a

vo

id t

he

wh

ole

tr

uth

an

d n

oth

ing b

ut

the

tru

th, th

e re

sult

is

the

sam

e —

a

cov

er-u

p.

No

t o

nly

do

es t

his

co

ver

-up

hid

e p

ast

sk

elet

on

s; i

t b

uil

ds

a l

arg

er c

lose

t fo

r n

ew o

nes

! N

on

e of

the

reco

mm

end

ati

on

s n

ow

bef

ore

ou

r re

pre

sen

tati

ves

in

Co

ng

ress

ad

vo

cate

an

nex

ing

th

ose

go

ver

nm

ent

crim

es,

no

r w

ill

they

str

eng

then

th

e cu

rren

t, b

ut

mil

d l

aw

s.

Inst

ead

. th

ey r

eco

mm

end

th

at

for

the

firs

t ti

me

in A

mer

ica

's

life

tim

e, t

he

ille

gal

act

ion

s of

gover

nm

ent

be

san

ctio

ned

by

sta

tute

. L

ega

lizi

ng

co

ver

t a

ctio

n w

ill

ma

ke

a c

rim

ina

l o

ut

of

ever

y c

op

. an

d a

cop

ou

t of

ever

y c

rim

inal.

(C

ount

erS

py i

s p

re-

pari

ng a

n i

nd

epth

an

aly

sis

of

Con

gre

ssio

nal

act

ion

s an

d w

ill

pu

bli

sh i

t in

ou

r n

ext

issu

e.)

In a

dd

itio

n t

o l

egali

zin

g t

he

ille

gal,

th

ere

is y

et a

noth

er d

ev-

elop

men

t. Y

ou

wil

l n

oti

ce m

an

y t

imes

in

th

is i

ssu

e of

Cou

nter

-S

py.

th

e d

ram

ati

c in

crea

se i

n p

riv

ate

ly-o

rga

niz

ed a

nd

pri

va

te-

ly-c

on

tro

lled

rep

ress

ion

: M

on

op

oly

fu

nd

ed r

igh

t-w

ing

arm

ies;

p

rivate

nati

on

al

inte

llig

ence

net

work

s; c

orp

ora

te c

over

t act

ion

; an

d m

erch

an

t.en

gin

eere

d i

den

tity

syst

ems.

Th

ey a

re a

ll e

xam

-p

les

of

bu

sin

ess

as

usu

al,

rep

ress

ion

as

usu

al.

T

hes

e le

sson

s h

ave

bee

n k

now

n t

o t

he

Th

ird

Worl

d a

nd

poor

of

ou

r la

nd

fo

r m

an

y y

ears

; th

ey a

re v

icti

ms

liv

ing

in

a s

tate

of

con

stan

t gover

nm

ent

crim

inali

ty. T

hey

have

resi

sted

for

as

lon

g

as

they

ha

ve

bee

n r

epre

ssed

— 2

00

lo

ng

yea

rs. C

ount

erS

py p

re.

sen

ts c

om

men

tarie

s fr

om

Th

ird

Wo

rld

lea

ders

wh

o h

av

e

gain

ed t

he

hig

hes

t re

spec

t fo

r th

eir

con

sist

ent

an

d c

ou

rageo

us

stru

ggle

again

st t

he

forc

es o

f re

pre

ssio

n. W

e als

o p

rese

nt

som

e of

ou

r la

te f

rien

d's

last

word

s on

th

e w

orl

d a

nd

rep

ress

ion

. P

hil

O

ch

s w

as

a d

ea

r f

rie

nd

of

ou

rs

wh

o f

ell

vic

tim

to

th

e i

n-

hu

ma

nit

y o

f th

ese

tim

es.

Th

eir

wo

rds

sho

uld

mo

tiv

ate

an

d g

uid

e o

ur

bic

ente

nn

ial

refl

ecti

on

s.

Th

e P

anth

ers

wer

e da

nge

r-ou

s . .

. id

eas

of f

reed

om a

re a

l-w

ays

dan

gero

us

to o

ppre

ssiv

e fo

rces

."

Ela

ine

Bro

wn

Bla

ck P

anth

er P

arty

R

ecen

tly n

ew r

eport

s h

ave

ind

icate

d t

hat

thro

ugh

th

e C

hu

rch

C

om

mit

tee'

s so

-ca

lled

in

ves

tig

ati

on

of

do

mes

tic

inte

llig

ence

act

ivit

y, p

art

icu

larl

y t

he

CO

INT

EL

PR

O a

ctiv

itie

s b

y t

he

FB

I.

the

Bla

ck P

an

ther

Pa

rty

wa

s ta

rget

ed f

or

des

tru

ctio

n b

y t

he

FB

I. M

ore

FB

I act

ivit

y w

as

dir

ecte

d a

gain

st t

he

Bla

ck P

an

ther

P

art

y t

ha

n a

ny

oth

er o

rga

niz

ati

on

(o

r in

div

idu

al)

, a

cco

rdin

g t

o

thes

e re

port

s. T

her

e are

sev

eral

seri

ou

s p

rob

lem

s w

ith

th

ese

rep

ort

s, h

ow

ever

, th

at

mu

st b

e p

oin

ted

ou

t if

we.

th

e B

lack

an

d

op

pre

ssed

peo

ple

of

this

co

un

try

, a

re t

o l

earn

an

yth

ing

fro

m

such

acc

ou

nts

. M

ore

im

po

rta

ntl

y,

we

ha

ve

to u

nd

erst

an

d w

hy

su

ch

acti

vit

ies

were p

rom

ote

d a

nd

reali

ze t

hat

they s

till

are

tod

ay.

Th

e re

port

s re

flec

t th

at

the

FB

I es

sen

tiall

y d

id l

ittl

e m

ore

to

Bla

ck o

rga

niz

ati

on

s th

an

ca

sh i

n o

n n

atu

ral

div

isiv

enes

s in

th

e B

lack

co

mm

un

ity

or

as

on

e re

po

rt s

aid

, "

...

let

na

ture

ta

ke

its

cou

rse"

. T

he

firs

t th

ing

we

nee

d t

o r

eco

gn

ize

is t

he

fals

enes

s o

f th

is i

dea

, o

f th

e e

nco

ura

gin

g o

f riv

al

"g

an

gs"

to

fig

ht

on

e

an

oth

er.

We c

an

reco

gn

ize i

ts f

als

en

ess

by

defi

nit

ion

alo

ne:

tha

t th

e B

lack

Pa

nth

er P

art

y i

s o

r ev

er h

as

bee

n a

ga

ng

; th

at

Bla

ck o

rga

niz

ati

on

s ri

va

l —

fo

r w

ha

t?:

tha

t a

ll t

he

FB

I d

id w

as

set

up

sit

ua

tio

ns.

W

e ca

n g

et b

ack

to s

om

e of

the

spec

ific

s o

f th

ese

rep

ort

s a

fter

a

na

lyzi

ng

wh

y a

ll t

his

act

ivit

y w

ent

on

. I.

Ed

ga

r H

oo

ver

, q

uee

n

of

ever

y p

oli

cem

an

's b

all

, w

as

con

sta

ntl

y t

ryin

g t

o p

rop

ag

an

-d

ize

that

no o

ne

cou

ld e

scap

e h

is n

etw

ork

of

"O

men

", b

ut

the

Bla

ck P

an

ther

pa

rty

, fl

ag

ran

tly

an

d o

pen

ly a

dv

oca

ted

hu

ma

n

rig

hts

ov

er l

ega

l in

just

ices

an

d r

epre

ssio

n.

It b

eca

me

an

in

sult

to

Ho

ov

er. T

he

Pa

rty

tru

ly d

id b

ecom

e d

an

ger

ou

s to

Hoover

, as

med

ia a

tten

tio

n g

rew

. T

he

med

ia w

as

ben

t o

n b

uil

din

g a

s u

p

an

d w

ipin

g a

s ou

t. I

t w

as

ou

t of

the

med

ia's

con

stan

t n

eed

to

sen

sati

on

ali

ze t

ha

t th

e t

ru

e i

dea

s th

e P

arty

wa

nte

d t

o p

ut

forw

ard

ca

me

ou

t: t

he

rig

ht

to b

ear

arm

s (t

he

Pa

rty

's p

oli

ce

pa

tro

ls);

th

e ri

gh

t to

ea

t (b

rea

kfa

st p

rog

ram

s);

an

d t

he

nee

d t

o

join

ele

ctora

l p

oli

tics

(ru

nn

ing o

n t

he

Pea

ce a

nd

Fre

edom

Part

y

tick

et),

etc

. T

he

Pa

rty

wa

s a

lso

da

ng

ero

us

bec

au

se i

t g

rew

up

an

d c

am

e to

lif

e in

th

e m

idst

of

the

gh

etto

up

risi

ng

s in

Wa

tts,

Det

roit

, P

hil

ad

elp

hia

, a

nd

oth

er c

itie

s. T

he

Pa

rty

sy

nth

esiz

ed a

nd

pu

t in

to p

rog

ram

ma

tic

form

, th

e fe

elin

gs

of

an

ger

'an

d f

rust

rati

on

d

emo

nst

rate

d t

hro

ug

ho

ut

the

cou

ntr

y i

n t

he

mid

dle

an

d l

ate

si

xti

es.

Marti

n L

uth

er K

ing a

nd

Malc

olm

X h

ad

ju

st b

een

ass

ass

inate

d a

fter

th

ey h

ad

gott

en t

oget

her

an

d t

ran

sform

ed b

y

havin

g d

ism

isse

d t

he

tact

ic o

f n

on

-vio

len

ce a

nd

th

e id

eolo

gy o

f racis

m. U

norgan

ized

vio

len

ce h

ad

blo

wn

up

th

e c

ou

ntr

y's

ce

nte

rs o

f in

du

stry

, b

ut

ha

d b

een

pu

t d

ow

n w

ith

th

e g

un

an

d

the p

ov

erty

pro

gra

m.

All

seem

ed

well

by

19

66

-67

wh

en

th

e

Party

began

, d

esp

ite t

he f

iery s

peech

es

of

the S

tok

ely

Car-

mic

hael

s an

d t

he

un

rest

on

cam

pu

ses

of

rich

kid

s gon

e w

ron

g.

Th

e d

an

ger

of

the

Bla

ck P

an

ther

Pa

rty

em

erg

ed a

t th

e h

is-

tori

c p

oin

t w

hen

. th

e u

norg

an

ized

an

d d

isen

fran

chis

ed b

egan

to

id

enti

fy w

ith

th

e P

art

y's

Ten

-Poin

t P

latf

orm

an

d P

rogra

m.

Th

e te

nth

po

int

sum

med

up

wh

at

po

or

peo

ple

, w

ork

ing

peo

ple

of

id c

olo

rs u

nd

erst

oo

d a

nd

ex

pre

ssed

in

ma

ny

wa

ys:

"W

e w

an

t la

nd

, b

read

, h

ou

sin

g. ed

uca

tion

, cl

oth

ing, ju

stic

e, p

eace

a

nd

* p

eop

le's

co

mm

un

ity

co

ntr

ol

of

mo

der

n t

ech

no

log

y (

a

ad

ded

in

1972).

Bla

ck P

an

ther

Part

y c

hap

ters

sp

run

g u

p e

ver

y-

wh

ere

— i

n 3

2 c

itie

s in

on

e yea

r. T

he

pan

ther

s w

ere

dan

ger

ou

s —

to

th

e p

ow

er e

lite

— b

eca

use

id

eas

of

free

do

m,

wh

en s

pre

ad

. a

re a

lwa

ys

da

ng

ero

us

to o

pp

ress

ive

forc

es.

Am

on

g t

ho

se f

orc

es

wa

s 1

. E

dg

ar

et a

l. w

ho

kn

ew i

t w

as

too

in

sult

ing

, to

o e

mb

ar-

ra

ssin

g f

or

thei

r im

age,

to a

llow

th

e B

lack

Pan

ther

Part

y t

o

con

tin

ue.

By 1

968, H

oover

had

dec

lare

d t

hat

the

Bla

ck P

an

ther

P

art

y w

as

the

sin

gle

most

dan

ger

ou

s th

reat

to i

nte

rnal

secu

rity

. on

ly t

wo y

ears

aft

er i

ts b

irth

. A

rmed

wit

h m

ore

mon

ey f

rom

th

e A

meric

an

go

vern

men

t, h

e t

ho

ug

ht

it w

ou

ld b

e e

asy

th

en

to

w

ipe

the

Pa

rty

off

th

e fa

ce o

f th

e ea

rth

. T

he

yea

r 1

96

9 s

aw

th

is

overt

program

at

its

heig

ht

— r

aid

s on

hom

es

an

d o

ffic

es,

ra

mp

an

t arr

ests

, an

d a

ssass

inati

on

s.

Th

e P

art

y b

eca

me

mo

re d

an

ger

ou

s a

s it

beg

an

to

dev

elo

p

mo

re s

erv

ices

an

d p

rog

ram

s, l

ate

r ca

lled

Su

rviv

al

pro

gra

ms.

w

hic

h c

on

cret

ely

dem

on

stra

ted

, m

ore

th

an

an

y r

all

y,

spee

ch,

or

new

spap

er, th

e c

on

trad

icti

on

s in

an

over-d

evelo

ped

, ric

h

cou

ntr

y t

ha

t co

uld

no

t a

nd

wo

uld

no

t p

rov

ide

for

its

citi

zen

s.

In L

os

An

gele

s, C

ali

forn

ia a

t th

is l

ime a

so

-ca

lled

Bla

ck

cu

ltu

ral

nati

on

ali

st o

rgan

izati

on

call

ed U

nit

ed S

laves

. sp

run

g

into

act

ion

at

the

hee

ls o

f th

e W

att

s u

pri

sin

g. II

was

hea

ded

by

a R

on

ald

Everett

to b

e c

all

ed

"M

au

lan

a R

on

Karen

ga"

, a

magm

a c

um

lau

de

gra

du

ate

of

UC

LA

wh

o h

ad

ju

st r

id h

imse

lf

of

a w

hit

e w

ife

an

d a

Bri

tish

acc

ent.

Ever

yon

e w

as

re-g

rou

pin

g

from

Watt

s. t

ryin

g t

o e

stab

lish

un

ity i

n t

he

Bla

ck c

om

mu

nit

y.

Kare

nga s

haved

th

e h

ead

s an

d m

ind

s of

a fe

w B

lack

s fr

om

th

e o

pp

osi

te s

ide

of

tow

n f

rom

Wa

tts,

ga

ve

them

so

me

do

lla

rs a

nd

g

un

s a

nd

sen

t th

em o

ut.

Th

ey w

ere

to t

ak

e ch

arg

e o

f a

ll t

he

loca

l B

lack

gro

up

s th

rou

gh

an

um

bre

lla o

rgan

izati

on

call

ed

the

Bla

ck C

on

gre

ss.

Ka

ren

ga

's t

roo

ps

wer

e fe

are

d b

y o

ther

B

lack

s as

the

most

mil

itan

t an

d t

he

most

"B

lack

".

Wit

hin

on

e y

ear,

Ka

ren

ga

ha

d e

ver

yo

ne

wh

o w

as

dev

elo

pin

g a

ny

co

nsc

iou

s-

ness

, th

ink

ing a

bou

t h

ow

good

it

was

to b

e B

lack

an

d f

or-

get

tin

g e

ven

th

e m

emory

of

Watt

s; a

ll t

his

for

a c

orp

ora

tion

-sp

on

sored

dark

-dow

n s

tru

tter's

parad

e c

all

ed

th

e "

Watt

s F

esti

va

l".

Peop

le w

ere s

till

hu

ngry. u

nem

plo

yed

, p

oor, li

vin

g i

n i

n-

dec

ent

hou

sin

g, an

d s

uff

erin

g f

rom

in

ad

equ

ate

ed

uca

tion

. T

he

Sou

ther

n C

ali

forn

ia C

hap

ter

of

the

Bla

ck P

an

ther

Part

y c

am

e in

to b

ein

g a

ro

un

d t

ha

t sa

me t

ime (

late

19

67

), h

ea

ded

by

a

nati

ve o

f L

os

An

gele

s's

Bla

ck

gh

ett

o, A

lpren

tice "

Bu

nch

y"

C

arte

r,

wh

o w

as

a f

orm

er l

ea

der o

f L

.A.'

s 2

,00

0-s

tro

ng

S

lau

son

s gan

g a

nd

a f

orm

er i

nm

ate

of

Sole

dad

pri

son

. L

ette

rs

wer

e n

ot

sen

t, b

ut

att

ack

s o

n P

art

y m

emb

ers

wer

e m

ad

e, b

y

two

en

titi

es —

th

e p

oli

ce a

nd

Ka

ren

ga

. K

are

ng

a f

ina

lly

or-

der

ed t

he

dea

ths

of

Ion

Hu

gg

ins

an

d B

un

chy

Ca

rter

ov

er t

he

issu

e o

f w

het

her

UC

LA

Bla

ck S

tud

ent

un

ion

mem

ber

s sh

ou

ld

work

wit

h t

he

cam

pu

s B

row

n B

eret

s an

d S

DS

or

rem

ain

iso

-la

ted

in

a K

are

ng

a-p

rod

uce

d B

lack

Stu

die

s P

rog

ram

. It

is

my

bel

ief

no

w,

as

it w

as

then

, th

at

Ka

ren

ga

wo

rks

for

an

d w

ith

th

e F

BI.

T

her

e are

man

y l

on

g s

tori

es t

o t

ell,

an

d t

hey

wil

l b

e to

ld, of

the

inco

nsi

sten

t an

d o

utr

igh

t p

hon

y r

eport

s fr

om

th

e C

hu

rch

C

om

mit

tee —

co

ver-u

ps

in t

hem

selv

es.

Ho

wev

er,

we c

an

lo

gic

all

y b

egin

to e

xam

ine o

ne c

on

cep

t an

d d

raw

certa

in

gen

era

liti

es:

If

the F

BI.

by

rea

rra

ng

ing

fa

cts

or b

y s

om

e

work

ing f

orm

of

the

art

of

illu

sion

, is

on

ly i

nd

irec

tly r

esp

on

-si

ble

fo

r ce

rta

in e

ven

ts.

an

d w

as

wo

rkin

g a

ga

inst

all

"B

lack

m

ilit

an

t" o

rgan

izati

on

s. h

ow

do w

e re

aso

nab

ly e

xp

lain

th

at

rep

ort

s in

dic

ate

th

e F

BI

sup

po

sed

ly t

ried

to

div

ide

the

Bla

ck

Pa

nth

er P

arty

fro

m a

ll o

ther o

rg

an

iza

tio

ns,

bu

t n

ot

oth

er

org

an

iza

tio

ns

fro

m e

ach

oth

er?

Or

tha

t K

are

ng

a.

for

exa

mp

le,

is r

esp

on

sib

le f

or

fou

r k

illi

ng

s o

f P

an

ther

mem

ber

s. a

cco

rdin

g

to r

epo

rts,

bu

t th

e B

lack

Pa

nth

er P

art

y i

s n

ot

resp

on

sib

le f

or

2

Co

un

terS

py

, S

pri

ng

19

76

S

pri

ng 1

976, C

ou

nte

rSp

y

3

any

death

s of U

nite

d S

lave

s' m

em

bers

? W

hy

is it

that th

is s

ort

o

f co

nfr

on

tatio

n n

eve

r to

ok

pla

ce b

etw

ee

n t

he

P.

Sto

ne

Na

tion

a

nd

th

e B

lack

Pa

nth

er

Pa

rty,

eve

n t

ho

ug

h le

tte

rs w

ere

sen

t. or

b

etw

ee

n t

he

Pa

nth

er

Pa

rty

an

d t

he

Na

tion

of

Isla

m o

r S

NC

C?

T

he q

uest

ion c

an b

e lo

gic

ally

answ

ere

d. It w

as

felt

our

Part

y w

as

the m

ost

dangero

us.

The F

BI so

ught. b

ought and p

aid

for

will

ing

Bla

ck a

ge

nts

to

he

lp in

ou

r d

est

ruct

ion

, a

s th

ey

ma

ste

r.

min

ded a

nd c

ontr

ived the r

aid

and follo

win

g a

ssass

inatio

ns

of

Fre

d H

am

pto

n a

nd

Ma

rk C

lark

. Let as

look

at th

e E

ldridge C

leave

r busi

ness

for

a m

inute

. I

was

part

of w

hat w

as

purp

ort

ed to b

e a

Pro

gre

ssiv

e A

merica

n

Dele

gatio

n to K

ore

a, w

hic

h h

ad b

een p

ut to

geth

er

by

Cle

ave

r in

1970. A

t th

e e

nd o

f th

ree m

onth

s, a

fter

visi

ting n

ot only

K

ore

a,

bu

t C

hin

a,

Vie

tna

m,

Mo

sco

w a

nd

Alg

eria

. E

ldrid

ge

C

lea

ver

ha

d p

ers

on

ally

th

rea

ten

ed

my

life

be

cau

se I

wo

uld

no

t agre

e o

n p

hony

ideolo

gic

al p

oin

ts that th

e P

art

y w

as

a "

bre

ak-

fast

fo

r ch

ildre

n o

rga

niz

atio

n".

Acc

ord

ing

to

Cle

ave

r, t

he

re

needed to b

e m

ore

kill

ing, m

ore

arb

itrary

vio

lence

, th

e P

art

y w

as

movi

ng to the r

ight, e

tc. T

here

were

no le

tters

— a

s th

e

Ch

urc

h C

om

mitt

ee

pu

rpo

rts

to d

ocu

me

nt

— n

o m

isu

nd

er-

sta

nd

ing

s o

n t

he

leve

l of

lea

de

rsh

ip.

Cle

ave

r si

mp

ly w

ou

ld h

ave

a

s g

o o

ut

to g

et

kille

d f

or

the

pu

rpo

se o

f m

ed

ia a

tte

ntio

n (

wh

ile

he

sa

fely

sa

t in

Alg

eria

). H

e h

ad

no

oth

er

pro

gra

m a

nd

fra

nkl

y,

it so

un

de

d p

igg

ish

— v

iole

nce

with

ou

t re

aso

n w

he

re w

e'd

all

get ki

lled a

nd h

e c

ould

desc

ribe to h

isto

ry the m

eanin

g o

f our

de

ath

s. F

or

thre

e m

on

ths

we

arg

ue

d.

1 w

as

to k

ill a

nd

ge

l ki

lled. or

just

get ki

lled. T

oday,

it's

all

out —

the c

lose

t door

op

en

ed

: C

lea

ver

de

no

un

ces

Cu

ba

, C

hin

a,

Afr

ica

n li

be

ratio

n

stru

ggle

s and jo

ins

hands

with

Kis

singer

and U

ncl

e S

am

. A

ll of

this

beca

use

the F

BI se

nt note

s? It is

my

belie

f th

at C

leave

r to

o

was

as

much

a p

art

of C

OIN

TE

LP

RO

then a

s now

, as

Kare

n-

ga, as

Roy

Innis

. W

hy

then, th

is n

ew

pro

paganda? W

hy

this

white

wash

ing o

f in

vest

iga

tion

s, a

s w

e'v

e s

ee

n in

th

e p

ast

with

Wa

terg

ate

. th

e

Warr

en C

om

mis

sion, and o

thers

? T

he B

lack

Panth

er

Part

y st

an

ds

tod

ay

as

mu

ch o

f a

th

rea

t a

s b

efo

re.

Th

ere

wa

s n

eve

r a

ny

qu

est

ion

th

at

the

Bla

ck P

an

the

r P

art

y, a

s o

ne

en

tity.

co

uld

su

rviv

e c

onfr

onta

tion w

ith a

ny

polic

e a

gency

, m

uch

less

many

ag

en

cie

s. (

We

eve

n s

urv

ive

d in

Lo

s A

ng

ele

s in

De

cem

be

r 1

96

9

when w

e w

ere

attacked b

y 3

00 r

egula

r LA

PD

and S

WA

T

mem

bers

). T

hat id

ea w

as

only

inte

nsi

fied b

y th

e e

stablis

hm

ent

me

dia

: P

an

the

rs v

ers

us

pig

s. O

ur

task

ha

s b

ee

n,

an

d s

till i

s, t

o

spre

ad

th

e w

ord

, th

e g

oo

d n

ew

s a

s th

e o

ld f

olk

s w

ou

ld s

ay,

th

at

we c

an w

in o

ver

oppre

ssio

n a

nd e

xplo

itatio

n; th

at lif

e in

the

U.S

. is

not w

hat lif

e c

an a

nd o

ught to

be, but ra

ther

an e

x-perience

where

the b

asi

c re

quirem

ents

for

livin

g a

nd b

reath

ing

mu

st b

e a

vaila

ble

to

eve

ry p

ers

on

, a

nd

wh

ere

pe

ace

an

d f

ree

-dom

will

pre

vail;

that if

we u

nite

all

our

forc

es,

after

we id

entif

y ours

elv

es,

we c

an p

ut up the r

eal b

attle

to w

in, in

the n

am

e o

f hum

anity

and h

um

an p

rogre

ss; th

at w

ith o

ur

vict

ory

will

com

e

a n

ew

da

y fo

r p

eo

ple

all

ove

r th

e w

orld

wh

o s

uff

er

un

de

r th

e

monst

er

of U

.S. im

perialis

m. T

hen h

um

anki

nd c

an g

et on w

ith

the b

usi

ness

of dis

cove

ring o

ur

true a

nd h

arm

onio

us

rela

tion.

ship

with

th

e r

est

of

na

ture

. T

his

is o

ur

me

ssa

ge

, th

is is

th

e

word

we w

ish to s

pre

ad, and w

ill s

pre

ad w

ith o

ur

very

live

s on

the li

ne. A

nd this

is w

hat m

ake

s us

dangero

us.

T

od

ay

Pa

rty

me

mb

ers

are

re

gu

larly

arr

est

ed

fo

r n

o g

oo

d

cau

se;

follo

we

d a

nd

wa

tch

ed

by

FB

I a

ge

nts

(th

e F

BI.

I h

ave

d

isco

vere

d,

com

es

we

ekl

y to

my

ap

art

me

nt

bu

ildin

g t

o c

olle

ct

license n

um

bers

fro

m the p

ark

ing lot m

anager

of vis

itors

' ca

rs);

gre

at

dis

cre

pa

nci

es

are

occ

urr

ing

in o

ur

ba

nk

acc

ou

nts

th

ese

days

; our

pro

gra

ms

are

bein

g je

opard

ized b

y polic

e

ha

rass

me

nt

of

pa

rtic

ipa

nts

an

d w

ork

ers

; a

nd

a f

ew

we

eks

ag

o

15

or

mo

re p

olic

e c

ars

ca

me

to

ou

r N

atio

na

l He

ad

qu

art

ers

offic

e in

Oakl

and, C

alif

orn

ia a

t 3:0

0 a

.m. to

serv

e a

warr

ant on

a P

art

y m

em

be

r fo

r a

fa

ilure

to

ap

pe

ar

in c

ou

rt o

n a

mis

de

-m

eanor

solic

itatio

n c

harg

e in

Sacr

am

ento

. B

efo

re b

ein

g forc

ed

into

exi

le,

Hu

ey

P.

Ne

wto

n's

ca

r w

as

tam

pe

red

with

se

vera

l tim

es,

his

ap

art

me

nt

wa

s th

e s

ub

ject

of

a p

ho

ny

rob

be

ry b

y th

ree B

lack

s w

ith p

isto

ls that had s

ilence

rs (

whic

h a

re d

iffic

ult

for

"non-p

olic

e"

to a

cquire),

a c

ontr

act

was

put out on h

is li

fe

by

so-c

alle

d B

lack

busi

ness

men, unkn

ow

n a

ssaila

nts

shot at

him

se

vera

l tim

es,

an

d f

ina

lly,

he

wa

s fa

lse

ly c

ha

rge

d w

ith

murd

er.

It has

not st

opped. T

hey

will

contin

ue.

We w

ho tru

ly h

unger

for

freedom

must

not be s

idetr

ack

ed.

Mill

ion

s a

nd

mill

ion

s o

f B

lack

s h

ave

die

d in

th

is c

ou

ntr

y a

t th

e

hands

of va

rious

form

s of oppre

ssio

n; m

illio

ns

of people

have

n

o m

ea

ns

of

sup

po

rt,

no

pla

ce t

o li

ve.

no

fo

od

to

ea

t. T

he

go

vern

men

t pro

gram

to M

aint

ain

thes

e op

pres

sive

, mur

dero

us

con

diti

on

s is

fa

r la

rge

r th

an

CO

INT

EL

PR

O o

r o

the

r a

ctiv

ity

bent on d

est

ruct

ion o

f one o

rganiz

atio

n. It is

this

larg

er

pro

-g

ram

of

de

stru

ctio

n w

e m

ust

ha

lt; it

is t

he

arc

hite

cts

of t

his

pro

gra

m w

e m

ust

sto

p. W

e m

ust

tra

nsf

orm

our

lives,

our

gove

rnm

ent,

and o

ur

soci

ety

com

ple

tely

and t

horo

ughly

. T

he

mem

bers

of th

e B

lack

Panth

er

Part

y st

and a

s re

ady

today

as

ten

ye

ars

ag

o;

serv

e t

he

pe

op

le t

hro

ug

h o

ur

vario

us

Su

rviv

al

Pro

gra

ms

today

as

ten y

ears

ago; liv

e e

very

day

of our

lives

tod

ay

as

ten

ye

ars

ag

o t

o o

verc

om

e a

ll o

bst

acl

es

to o

ur

tota

l lib

era

tion b

y any

means

nece

ssary

. A

nd w

e w

ill la

y dow

n o

ur

lives

toda

y as

we

have

ove

r th

ese

ten

year

s to

mak

e th

ese

issu

es

de

ar,

fo

r w

e k

no

w w

he

n t

he

pe

op

le u

nd

ers

tan

d,

wh

en

th

e

ma

sse

s o

f o

pp

ress

ed

Am

erica

n p

eo

ple

ta

ke u

p g

un

s. t

he

n,

in

the w

ord

s of H

uey

P. N

ew

ton, ".

.. s

erious

busi

ness

will

begin

to

happen".

B

lack

Pan

ther

Par

ty

Cop

yrig

ht M

ay. 1

976

Indi

an p

eopl

e ar

e as

ked

to

cele

brat

e 20

0 ye

ars

of m

urd

er-

ous

oppr

essi

on. I

t is

a g

ross

in

sult

.”

Jim

mie

Dur

ham

In

dian

Tre

aty

Cou

ncil

"The D

epart

ment of Ju

stic

e, th

rough the F

BI, h

as

waged a

blin

d a

nd in

effect

ive r

eig

n o

f te

rror

again

st the India

ns,

on a

nd

off t

he P

ine

Rid

ge r

eser

vatio

n, u

sing

eve

ry m

etho

d it

empl

oyed

a

ga

inst

th

e B

lack

Pa

nth

ers

, ra

ng

ing

fro

m w

ire

tap

pin

g a

nd

fr

am

e-u

ps

to a

mb

ush

es

an

d a

ssa

ssin

atio

ns.

Co

nfr

on

atio

ns

such

as

the o

ccupatio

n o

f th

e W

ounded K

nee v

icin

ity in

1973,

and o

ther

desp

era

te a

ttem

pts

by

the India

ns

to focu

s w

orld

attentio

n o

n their g

rieva

nce

s and p

light, h

ave

been p

art

of a

stru

gg

le in

wh

ich

th

e F

BI

an

d it

s in

stru

me

nt,

th

e f

als

e g

ove

rn.

me

nt

of

Ric

ha

rd W

ilso

n a

nd

his

U.S

. g

ove

rnm

en

t-fin

an

ced

st

orm

tro

op u

nits

of "G

oon S

quads"

, co

ntin

ue to a

rrest

, beat

up

, a

nd

mu

rde

r m

an

y S

iou

x p

atr

iots

. "A

t th

e r

oot of th

is A

merica

n g

ove

rnm

ent-

support

ed v

io-

len

ce a

nd

intim

ida

tion

ag

ain

st t

he

Sio

ux

is a

n u

nsp

oke

n,

bu

t ve

ry r

eal,

gove

mm

ent dete

rmin

atio

n n

ot to

lose

contr

ol t

o the

Ind

ian

s o

f th

e in

cre

asi

ng

ly v

alu

ab

le I

nd

ian

lan

ds

an

d n

atu

ral

reso

urc

es,

incl

ud

ing

wa

ter,

min

era

l an

d t

imb

er

rig

hts

. T

he

A

me

rica

n g

ove

rnm

en

t fo

r a

de

cad

e h

as

spo

ken

of

'giv

ing

' se

lf-dete

rmin

atio

n to the India

n tribes,

but no m

eanin

gfu

l ste

p

ha

s b

ee

n t

ake

n in

th

is d

ire

ctio

n,

no

r w

ill it

be

ta

ken

as

lon

g

as

India

ns

ow

n a

ny

land o

r natu

ral r

eso

urc

es.

More

and m

ore

, A

me

rica

n in

du

stry

an

d f

ina

nce

co

vet

the

se r

eso

urc

es,

an

xio

us

to a

cquire them

on their term

s. N

ational polic

y d

icta

tes,

thro

ug

h t

he

Se

na

te a

nd

Ho

use

In

terio

r C

om

mitt

ee

s o

f C

on

-g

ress

, th

e O

ffic

e o

f M

an

ag

em

en

t a

nd

Bu

dg

et,

th

e W

hite

Ho

use

itse

lf,

an

d t

he

De

pa

rtm

en

t o

f th

e I

nte

rio

r, t

ha

t th

e g

ove

rn-

me

nt

be

in a

co

ntr

olli

ng

po

sitio

n t

o m

ake

th

ese

In

dia

n a

sse

ts

ava

ilab

le t

o t

he

wh

ite p

riva

te s

ect

or

on

te

rms

satis

fact

ory

to

th

e w

hite

s. U

nder

such

conditi

ons,

fra

udule

nt gove

rnm

ents

lik

e that of W

ilson a

t P

ine R

idge m

ust

be s

ust

ain

ed a

s w

illin

g

acc

om

plic

es

of

the

U.S

. g

ove

rnm

en

t a

nd

th

e w

hite

s, e

ven

if

on

ly t

o le

ase

ou

t In

dia

n-o

wn

ed

gra

zin

g la

nd

to

So

uth

Da

kota

w

hite

ranch

ers

at cr

imin

ally

low

rate

s th

at ch

eat and d

efr

aud

the in

div

idual I

ndia

n o

wners

. T

his

situ

atio

n, ra

mpant at P

ine

Rid

ge, re

flect

s th

e w

hole

sale

exp

loita

tion o

f th

e India

n p

eople

s.

whic

h s

till k

eeps

them

oppre

ssed, pow

erless

, and in

the thro

es

of pove

rty.

"N

eve

rthele

ss, desp

ite the terr

or

and the e

ffort

s of th

e D

e-

pa

rtm

en

t o

f th

e I

nte

rio

r a

nd

th

e D

ep

art

me

nt

of

Just

ice

, as

well

as

of C

ongre

ss, to

ignore

the d

icta

tors

hip

and k

illin

gs

at P

ine

Rid

ge

. a

nd

th

e c

on

tinu

ed

su

ffe

rin

g o

f th

e S

iou

x p

eo

ple

un

de

r a

n e

xplo

itin

g,

colo

nia

list

go

vern

me

nt,

th

e s

tru

gg

le g

oe

s o

n,

insp

ire

d b

y th

e e

xam

ple

s o

f th

e S

iou

x p

atr

iots

of

the

pa

st w

ho

fo

ug

ht

an

d d

ied

fo

r th

eir p

eo

ple

. T

he

Sio

ux

libe

ratio

n m

ove

-m

ent. c

om

pose

d o

f S

ioux

people

of all

ages,

men a

nd w

om

en,

yo

uth

s a

nd

eld

ers

, h

oly

me

n a

nd

mo

de

rn-d

ay w

arr

iors

, is

su

sta

ine

d b

y rig

ht

an

d ju

stic

e.

Blo

od

be

ing

sh

ed

by

the

Sio

ux

pa

trio

ts t

od

ay

will

no

t b

e in

va

in.

His

tory

an

d t

he

fu

ture

are

o

n t

he

ir s

ide

.'?

That st

ate

ment w

as

not w

ritten b

y a m

em

ber

of th

e A

meri-

can

In

dia

n M

ove

me

nt

or

an

y o

the

r g

rou

p o

f p

eo

ple

th

e F

BI

ca

lls "

rad

ica

ls".

It

wa

s w

ritt

en

by a

we

ll-re

sp

ecte

d a

uth

or,

his

torian a

nd e

ditor

of A

me

rica

n H

erita

ge

m

ag

azi

ne

, A

lvin

Jo

sep

hy,

Jr.

Th

e N

atio

na

l Co

un

cil o

f C

hu

rch

es,

th

e A

me

rica

n

Friends

Serv

ice C

om

mitt

ee, and m

any

oth

er

org

aniz

atio

ns

not

no

rma

lly s

tam

pe

d w

ith "

left

ist"

or

an

y su

ch la

be

l, h

ave

pe

ti-tio

ne

d t

he

U.S

. g

ove

rnm

en

t to

ce

ase

its

pe

rse

cutio

n o

f In

dia

n

pe

op

le.

Yet, the terr

or

perp

etr

ate

d b

y the B

IA. F

BI, C

IA, Justice

De

pa

rtm

en

t, a

nd

wh

o-k

no

ws-w

ha

t o

the

r p

iece

of

go

ve

rn.

me

nt

con

tinu

es.

Are

n't

we

exa

gg

era

ting

or

be

ing

rh

eto

rica

l w

hen w

e s

peak

of U

.S. gove

rnm

ent te

rror

in 1

976? T

he A

meri-

can

pe

op

le a

re t

au

gh

t th

at

po

litic

al r

ep

ress

ion

an

d t

err

or

go

o

n o

nly

in o

the

r co

un

trie

s, e

spe

cia

lly in

th

e c

ou

ntr

ies

of

the

"e

ne

my".

L

oo

k a

t w

ha

t is

go

ing

he

re.

Du

rin

g t

he

Wo

un

de

d K

ne

e t

ria

l of D

ennis

Banks

and R

uss

ell

Means

early

in 1

974, I w

as

work

-in

g o

ut

of

the

AIM

Na

tion

al O

ffic

e in

St.

Pa

ul w

he

re t

he

tria

l w

as

go

ing

on

. T

he

go

vern

me

nt's

pro

secu

ting

att

orn

ey,

in a

m

om

ent of ca

lcula

ted c

andor,

let sl

ip that th

ere

were

tw

o F

BI

ag

en

ts in

sid

e t

he

hig

he

st e

sch

elo

ns

of

AIM

, a

nd

th

at

we

wo

uld

b

e v

ery

su

rprise

d if

we

kn

ew

wh

o t

he

y w

ere

. L

ate

r, D

ou

g

Durh

am

, w

ho h

ad b

een h

ead o

f A

IM s

ecu

rity

and r

ight hand

man

to D

enni

s B

anks

at t

he ti

me,

was

exp

osed

as

an F

BI a

gent

pro

voca

teur.

Once

while

Durh

am

and I w

ere

in the o

ffic

e to-

geth

er h

e in

form

ed m

e th

at h

e w

as a

bout

to m

ake

a th

ree-

wee

k tr

ip to G

uate

mala

and C

osta

Ric

a in h

is p

rivate

pla

ne. "t

o

take

so

me

gu

ys f

ish

ing

". A

t th

at

time

I w

as

do

ing

inte

rna

tion

al

work

, conta

cting India

n o

rganiz

ations in L

atin A

merica.

Late

r w

e le

arn

ed that A

IM w

as

on the C

IA's

list

of org

aniz

a-

tions

to d

isru

pt th

rough o

pera

tion C

HA

OS

. I began to w

onder

about D

oug D

urh

am

's C

IA c

onnect

ions.

Many

oth

er

people

b

eg

an

re

me

mb

erin

g o

dd

th

ing

s a

bo

ut

Du

rha

m,

an

d t

wo

AIM

m

em

be

rs n

ow

in p

riso

n f

or

an

alle

ge

d m

urd

er

ha

ve a

ccu

sed

him

of fr

am

ing them

. T

heir s

tory

is b

elie

vable

. O

f co

urs

e, th

e e

ntir

e in

cident of D

urh

am

's e

xposu

re, co

uple

d

with

the p

rose

cuto

r's w

ord

s, m

ade e

ach

pers

on in

AIM

susp

i-ci

ous

of e

very

one

else

. In

fact

, m

an

y F

BI

info

rme

rs a

nd

ag

en

ts

in A

IM h

ave

be

en

exp

ose

d o

ver

the

pa

st t

hre

e y

ea

rs.

Du

rin

g

the

Wo

un

de

d K

ne

e t

ria