PSY 1400 Final Fiesta Project
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Transcript of PSY 1400 Final Fiesta Project
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PSY 1400Final Fiesta Presentation
Megan Grace Murto
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extraordinary
phenomena?
It has been reported that in the city of Kalamazoo,Michigan that a student taught her cat to sit, sit-up,and high-five using the principles of behavior...
Mulder, this is not an X-file….
Sometimes looking for extreme possibilities
makes you blind to the probable explanation right in front of you
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“Yes!” Cat Treat
No “Yes!” No Cat Treat
• The pairing of the signal marker “yes!” with the presentation of the reinforcer of the cat treat
• The value-altering principle converted a neutral stimulus (“yes!”) into a learned reinforcer.
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The pairing procedure: the pairing of a neutral stimulus with a
reinforcer or aversive stimulus
“Yes!” Cat Treat
No “Yes!” No Cat Treat
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Skinner, I’m lost.
What is a learned reinforcer?
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a learned reinforcer is a stimulus, event, or condition that is a reinforcer because it has been paired with another reinforcer.
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Reinforcement Contingency
Before:
Kitty has no treat
Behavior:
Kitty
Sits
After:
Kitty has treat
the response-contingent presentation of a reinforcer resulting in an increased
frequency of that response
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• Initial training began with
the use of the cat treat to
lure Kitty into the sitting
position.
• Once sitting was acquired
by guiding the response
with the treat, I would then
fade out using luring and
train the behavior by using
hand signals as the
prompt
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A prompt is a supplemental
stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response
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• reinforcing or punishing a response
• in the presence of one stimulus
• and extinguishing it
• or allowing it to recover
• in the presence of another stimulus.
In order to teach Kitty to discriminate between the response to sit and sit up I used a discrimination training procedure:
During the training of sitting up, I used the hand signal of an upward movement with my pointer finger as the discriminative stimulus:
• a stimulus in the presence of which
• a particular response will be reinforced or punished
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SΔ
SD
Behavior:
After:
After:
Before:
discrimination training procedure
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Differential-Reinforcement Procedure
reinforcing one set of responses and withholding reinforcement for another set of responses
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Discrimination Training Procedure
SΔ: NO upward
movement with pointer finger
SD:upward movement with pointer finger
Behavior:
Kitty sits up
After:
No Treat
After:
Treat
Before:
No treat
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Differential Reinforcement
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Sit
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Sit Up
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Shaping with Reinforcement
the differential reinforcement of only
the behavior that more and more
closely resembles the terminal
behavior
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Shaping with Reinforcement
The procedure started by reinforcing the initial behavior of Kitty sitting
› Behavior that resembles the terminal behavior along some meaningful dimension and occurs at least with a minimal frequency
the intermediate behavior of Kitty sitting up while looking up and reinforcing correct responses.
› Behavior that more closely approximates the terminal behavior
After several repetitions of this behavior I was able to begin shaping the final chain of Kitty fully sitting up on her back legs, the terminal behavior:
› behavior not in the repertoire or not occurring at the desired frequency; the goal of the intervention.
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Shaping with Reinforcement
Reinforcement
Extinction
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The next behavior I began training was teaching Kitty how to give a “High-Five”
◦ I started out by using the physical prompt (the trainer physically moves the trainee’s body in approximation of the desired response) by moving her paw in approximation towards my hand.
[Video]
Before:
Kitty has no treat
Behavior:
Kitty High-Five’s
After:
Kitty has treat
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SΔ:
“Left”
SD:
“Right”
Behavior:
Kitty High –Five’s
After:
No Treat+
No “YES!”
After:
Treat+
“YES!”Before:
NoTreat
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Before:
No Treat
Behavior:Kitty High Five’s with Right Paw
Behavior:Kitty High
Five’s with Left Paw
After:
Treat
After:
No Treat
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The End!