PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to...

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook PSR B1509-58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD) May 2007 S. Suchy (UCSD), J. Wilms (FAU), S. Haney (UCSB) R.E. Rothschild (UCSD) Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD) PSR B1509-58

Transcript of PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to...

Page 1: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

PSR B1509−58Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

May 2007

S. Suchy (UCSD), J. Wilms (FAU), S. Haney (UCSB)

R.E. Rothschild (UCSD)

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 2: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Source

current RXTE-PCA PCU 2 rate, 3–20 keV top layer:14.5 counts/s (Crab 1800 counts/s)

D∼4.2 kpc

P∼150 ms

unusually high P

characteristic age ∼1600 yr

Ginga (Kawai 93)CGRO (Ulmer 93, Matz 94, Kuiper 99)RXTE (Marsden 97, Rots 98)BeppoSax (Cusumano 01)Chandra (Yatsu 05, DeLaney 05)INTEGRAL (Forot 06)

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 3: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

RXTE Monitoring

about 1 ObsID/month

here: AO1–AO101996–2005

PCA calibrationepochs 3–5

average exposure2.7 ks → 4.1 ks in2001, for less PCUs

HEXTE not rocking inepoch 3

30704: 6 ObsIDs offset80803-01-07-01: no GoodXenon90803-01-09-02: enhanced bkg40704-01-09-00: short

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Exp

osur

e [k

s]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

3 4 5

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

RXTE : Timing & Early Spectra

Phase-Coherent Timing

Livingstone et al., 2005

radio & RXTE-PCAresiduals wrt Taylorexpansion in Φ(3rd-5th derivative in ν)

Early Spectra

Marsden et al. (1997)Rots et al. (1998)

monitoring aspect notexplored

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Spectroscopy

Outline

Pulse-phase-averagedI monitoring (PCA)I time-averaged (PCA+HEXTE)

Pulse-phase-resolved (work in progress)I monitoring (PCA on-pulse)I time-averaged (PCA+HEXTE)

Goals

determine source stability

identify possible calibration effects

most detailed phase-resolved analysis

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Rates3-20 keV, top layer

“faint” bkg subtracted

version eMv20051128

all available PCUs

<1999: 5 PCUs on

>1999: <5 PCUs on

>2001: sub-ObsIDs,different # of PCUs

PCU 2

on during all ObsIDs

best calibrated

gradual decrease,modeled in response

30

40

50

60

70

80

Rat

e [c

ps]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 7: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Rates3-20 keV, top layer

“faint” bkg subtracted

version eMv20051128

all available PCUs

<1999: 5 PCUs on

>1999: <5 PCUs on

>2001: sub-ObsIDs,different # of PCUs

PCU 2

on during all ObsIDs

best calibrated

gradual decrease,modeled in response

14

15

16

17

Rat

e [c

ps]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 8: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Spectral Model

phabs*(power+gauss) Standard2f Data Mode

3-20 keV, “faint” bkg

background as correction files

no systematics, typical χ2red=0.7–0.8

all available PCUs

1 all parameters free (EFe, σFe restricted), top layer

2 the same for all layers

PCU 2, top layer

1 all parameters free (EFe, σFe restricted)

2 EFe=6.4 keV, σFe=0.1

3 NH = 0.6

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Spectral Fit Parameters

Typical MonitoringObservation

NHa = 0.63+0.74

−0.63

Γ = 2.06+0.06−0.06

AΓb = 7.4+1.0

−0.9

EFe [keV] = 6.5+0.3−0.3

σFe [keV] = 0.4+0.4−0.4

AFec = 2.1+1.8

−0.9EW [eV] = 133

F4−10 keVd = 9.6

Abkgcorr [%] = 5.4

a1022/cm2, b10−2 phkeVcm2s

@1keVc10−4 ph

cm2s, d 10−11 erg

cm2s

0.1

1.0

Nor

m. C

ount

s s−1 k

eV−

1 PCU 2Top Layer

ObsID 80803−01−06Date 10/09/2003Exposure 4.9 ks

Power Law

Power Law + Gauss

Power Law + Gauss, Fe Norm=0

χ2red=1.4

χ2red=0.9

χ2red=2.0

−4−2

024

χ

−4−2

024

χ

10−4−2

024

χ

Energy [keV]

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

(Absorbed) Flux Evolution

all available PCUs

∼7% down since 2000

clear drop at epoch 4/5boundary⇒ calibration effect

PCU 2

no drop at epoch 4/5boundary

maybe gradual declineof ∼2% since 2000⇒ calibration?

use PCU 2 data fortime-averaged andphase-resolved

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

10.5

4−10

keV

Flu

x [1

0−11

erg

s−1 c

m−

2 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

(Absorbed) Flux Evolution

all available PCUs

∼7% down since 2000

clear drop at epoch 4/5boundary⇒ calibration effect

PCU 2

no drop at epoch 4/5boundary

maybe gradual declineof ∼2% since 2000⇒ calibration?

use PCU 2 data fortime-averaged andphase-resolved

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

10.5

4−10

keV

Flu

x [1

0−11

erg

s−1 c

m−

2 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Power Law Norm & NH

Calibration effect visiblein other parameters?

all available PCUs

∼10% drop in powerlaw normalization

NH increasingly difficultto determine

PCU 2

no drop in power lawnormalization⇒ why 2% flux drop?

NH constrained to< 1.5×1022 cm2 only

5

6

7

8

9

10

Γ N

orm

[10−

2 ph

keV−

1 cm

−2 s

−1 @

1 k

eV]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 13: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Power Law Norm & NH

Calibration effect visiblein other parameters?

all available PCUs

∼10% drop in powerlaw normalization

NH increasingly difficultto determine

PCU 2

no drop in power lawnormalization⇒ why 2% flux drop?

NH constrained to< 1.5×1022 cm2 only

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

NH [1

022 c

m−

2 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 14: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Power Law Norm & NH

Calibration effect visiblein other parameters?

all available PCUs

∼10% drop in powerlaw normalization

NH increasingly difficultto determine

PCU 2

no drop in power lawnormalization⇒ why 2% flux drop?

NH constrained to< 1.5×1022 cm2 only

5

6

7

8

9

10

Γ N

orm

[10−

2 ph

keV−

1 cm

−2 s

−1 @

1 k

eV]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Power Law Index

PCU 2

4–10 keV flux drop ⇔

marginally softer(norm @ 1 keV)

Gaussian distributionwith Γ=2.03, σΓ=0.05

all available PCUs

no trend in Γ

Gaussian distributionwith Γ=2.02, σΓ=0.03 1.90

2.00

2.10

2.20

Γ

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Power Law Index

PCU 2

4–10 keV flux drop ⇔

marginally softer(norm @ 1 keV)

Gaussian distributionwith Γ=2.03, σΓ=0.05

all available PCUs

no trend in Γ

Gaussian distributionwith Γ=2.02, σΓ=0.03

1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20Γ

0

5

10

15

20

25

Num

ber

of O

bser

vatio

ns

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

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Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Power Law Index

PCU 2

4–10 keV flux drop ⇔

marginally softer(norm @ 1 keV)

Gaussian distributionwith Γ=2.03, σΓ=0.05

all available PCUs

no trend in Γ

Gaussian distributionwith Γ=2.02, σΓ=0.03

1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20Γ

0

10

20

30

Num

ber

of O

bser

vatio

ns

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 18: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Iron Line

PCU 2

EFe constrainable to6–7 keV (uncertaintiesoften peg)

σFe consistent with 0

norm not consistentwith 0

norm stable and,especially for frozenEFe and σFe, wellconstrained

0

1

2

3

4

Fe

Line

Nor

m [1

0−4 p

h cm

−2 s

−1 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 19: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Iron Line

PCU 2

EFe constrainable to6–7 keV (uncertaintiesoften peg)

σFe consistent with 0

norm not consistentwith 0

norm stable and,especially for frozenEFe and σFe, wellconstrained

0

1

2

3

4

Fe

Line

Nor

m [1

0−4 p

h cm

−2 s

−1 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 20: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Long-Term Stability, PCU 2

Avg. Parameter 1996–1997 2004–2005

exposure [ks] 2.8±0.1 4.1±0.2

3–20 keV rate [cps] 15.82±0.05 14.53±0.04

4–10 keV flux [10−11 ergcm2s ] 9.92±0.04 9.71±0.02

NH [1022 cm−2] 0.54±0.09 0.30±0.07

Γ 2.02±0.01 2.05±0.01

AΓ [10−2 phkeVcm2s @ 1keV] 0.071±0.001 0.072±0.001

bkg correction [%] 2±1 0.3±3

χ2red 0.68±0.03 0.70±0.05

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 21: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Epoch-Averaged Spectra

PCU 2 Top:3–25 keV0.5% systematicsepoch 5: Xe L edge

HEXTE:epoch 3: no bkgepoch 4: 20–100 keVepoch 5: 20–200 keV

Previous backgroundmodel, fits will be redone.

10−4

10−3

10−2

10−1

10 0

norm

aliz

ed c

ount

s/s/

keV

−10−5

05

10

without Fe

χ

10 100−4−2

024

with Fe

χ

Epoch 4

PCU2 Top Layer HEXTE

Energy [keV]

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 22: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Epoch-Averaged Spectra

PCU 2 Top:3–25 keV0.5% systematicsepoch 5: Xe L edge

HEXTE:epoch 3: no bkgepoch 4: 20–100 keVepoch 5: 20–200 keV

Previous backgroundmodel, fits will be redone.

10−4

10−3

10−2

10−1

10 0

norm

aliz

ed c

ount

s/s/

keV

−10−5

05

10

without Fe

χ

10 100−4−2

024

with Fe

χ

Epoch 5

PCU2 Top Layer HEXTE

Energy [keV]

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 23: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Epoch-Averaged Parameters

Parameter Epoch 3 Epoch 4 Epoch 5

exp. PCA/HEXTE [ks] 81.2/– 37.6/24.0 224.6/179.7

NH[1022/cm2] 0.60+0.09−0.1 0.59+0.17

−0.28 0.39+0.09−0.1

Γ 2.02+0.01−0.01 2.03+0.02

−0.02 2.03+0.00−0.01

EW 74 77 83

F4−10 keV [10−11 ergcm2s

] 10.01 10.03 9.85

flux constant (HEXTE) – 0.84+0.04−0.06 0.84+0.02

−0.02

χ2red/dof 0.83/46 0.88/89 1.11/89

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 24: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Monitoring Pulse Profiles

Extraction

filter GoodXenon

rsp, bkg: seextract

pha2 (Φ- & E-bins):(ik)fasebin

5 ephemrides fromwww.atnf.csiro.au∆Φ: -0.05, 0., 0., 0.02, 0.

offset from radio by0.27 (Kawai et al., 1991)

Examples

1/ephemeris, random

3–40 keV, 0.05 Φ-binsnormalized to off-pulse

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Nor

m. C

ount

Rat

e [c

ps]

20802−01−02−00PCU 2 Top Layer

Peak Off

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 25: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Monitoring Pulse Profiles

Extraction

filter GoodXenon

rsp, bkg: seextract

pha2 (Φ- & E-bins):(ik)fasebin

5 ephemrides fromwww.atnf.csiro.au∆Φ: -0.05, 0., 0., 0.02, 0.

offset from radio by0.27 (Kawai et al., 1991)

Examples

1/ephemeris, random

3–40 keV, 0.05 Φ-binsnormalized to off-pulse

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Nor

m. C

ount

Rat

e [c

ps]

40704−01−10−00PCU 2 Top Layer

Peak Off

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 26: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Monitoring Pulse Profiles

Extraction

filter GoodXenon

rsp, bkg: seextract

pha2 (Φ- & E-bins):(ik)fasebin

5 ephemrides fromwww.atnf.csiro.au∆Φ: -0.05, 0., 0., 0.02, 0.

offset from radio by0.27 (Kawai et al., 1991)

Examples

1/ephemeris, random

3–40 keV, 0.05 Φ-binsnormalized to off-pulse

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Nor

m. C

ount

Rat

e [c

ps]

50705−01−10−00PCU 2 Top Layer

Peak Off

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 27: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Monitoring Pulse Profiles

Extraction

filter GoodXenon

rsp, bkg: seextract

pha2 (Φ- & E-bins):(ik)fasebin

5 ephemrides fromwww.atnf.csiro.au∆Φ: -0.05, 0., 0., 0.02, 0.

offset from radio by0.27 (Kawai et al., 1991)

Examples

1/ephemeris, random

3–40 keV, 0.05 Φ-binsnormalized to off-pulse

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Nor

m. C

ount

Rat

e [c

ps]

60703−01−09−00PCU 2 Top Layer

Peak Off

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 28: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Monitoring Pulse Profiles

Extraction

filter GoodXenon

rsp, bkg: seextract

pha2 (Φ- & E-bins):(ik)fasebin

5 ephemrides fromwww.atnf.csiro.au∆Φ: -0.05, 0., 0., 0.02, 0.

offset from radio by0.27 (Kawai et al., 1991)

Examples

1/ephemeris, random

3–40 keV, 0.05 Φ-binsnormalized to off-pulse

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Nor

m. C

ount

Rat

e [c

ps]

90803−01−10−00PCU 2 Top Layer

Peak Off

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 29: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulse − Off-Pulse Fitadd sub-ObsIDs

Φ=0.12−0.48 ⇔ peak.phaΦ=0.72−1.02 ⇔ off.pha(Rots et al., 1998)

data 1:1 peak.phaback 1:1 off.phaphabs×power

Typical Parameters

NH [1022 cm−2] = 3.3+3.7−3.3

Γ = 1.4+0.2−0.2

AΓa = 1.1+0.6

−0.4

F4−10 keVb = 4.4

a 10−2 phkeVcm2s

@ 1keV,b 10−11 erg

cm2s

100.01

0.10

1.00

Nor

m. C

ount

s s−1 k

eV−

1

Energy [keV]

PCU 2Top Layer

ObsID 80803−01−06Date 10/09/2003

Peak

Off

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 30: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulse − Off-Pulse Fitadd sub-ObsIDs

Φ=0.12−0.48 ⇔ peak.phaΦ=0.72−1.02 ⇔ off.pha(Rots et al., 1998)

data 1:1 peak.phaback 1:1 off.phaphabs×power

Typical Parameters

NH [1022 cm−2] = 3.3+3.7−3.3

Γ = 1.4+0.2−0.2

AΓa = 1.1+0.6

−0.4

F4−10 keVb = 4.4

a 10−2 phkeVcm2s

@ 1keV,b 10−11 erg

cm2s

0.1

1.0

Nor

m. C

ount

s s−1 k

eV−

1

PCU 2Top Layer

ObsID 80803−01−06Date 10/09/2003

Peak − Off

Power Law

χ2red=1.0

10

−4−2

024

χ

Energy [keV]

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 31: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulsed Rate & Flux Evolution

rates less constrained,still overall declining

F4–10 keV: no trendF10–20 keV: decline?(pulsed flux harder)

1996/1997–2004/2005flux comparison:3–5% decline

Average GeneralParameters

χ2red=1.00 ± 0.05

exposures:1.02(4) ks ⇒1.52(7) ks

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

Rat

e [c

ps]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 32: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulsed Rate & Flux Evolution

rates less constrained,still overall declining

F4–10 keV: no trendF10–20 keV: decline?(pulsed flux harder)

1996/1997–2004/2005flux comparison:3–5% decline

Average GeneralParameters

χ2red=1.00 ± 0.05

exposures:1.02(4) ks ⇒1.52(7) ks

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

4−10

keV

Flu

x [1

0−11

erg

s−1 c

m−

2 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 33: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulsed Rate & Flux Evolution

rates less constrained,still overall declining

F4–10 keV: no trendF10–20 keV: decline?(pulsed flux harder)

1996/1997–2004/2005flux comparison:3–5% decline

Average GeneralParameters

χ2red=1.00 ± 0.05

exposures:1.02(4) ks ⇒1.52(7) ks

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

10−

20 k

eV F

lux

[10−

11 e

rg s−

1 cm

−2 ]

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 34: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulsed Component NH & Γ

Comparison tophase-averaged

average NH ↑:(2 − 3)×1022 cm−2

(mostly consist. with 0)

harder,Gaussian distribution:Γ=1.36, σΓ=0.11

Consistent with previoustime-averaged results:Kawai et al., ’93: NH↑, Γ∼1.30(5)

Rots et al., ’98: NH↑, Γ∼1.35(1) 0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Γ

1000 2000 3000

JD−2450000

1996199719981999200020012002200320042005

phase−averaged Γ

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 35: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Pulsed Component NH & Γ

Comparison tophase-averaged

average NH ↑:(2 − 3)×1022 cm−2

(mostly consist. with 0)

harder,Gaussian distribution:Γ=1.36, σΓ=0.11

Consistent with previoustime-averaged results:Kawai et al., ’93: NH↑, Γ∼1.30(5)

Rots et al., ’98: NH↑, Γ∼1.35(1)1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

Γ

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Num

ber

of O

bser

vatio

ns

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 36: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Epoch-Averaged Pulse Profiles

Epoch 3 81.2 ksEpoch 4 37.6 ksEpoch 5 224.6 ks

Next Step

phase-resolvedspectroscopy for∆Φ∼0.03 bins

highest resolutionso far (?)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00

5

10

15

20

25

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0

5

10

15

20

25

Cou

nt R

ate

[cps

]Epoch 3

2.8−37.0 keV

PCU 2 Top Layer

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 37: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Epoch-Averaged Pulse Profiles

Epoch 3 81.2 ksEpoch 4 37.6 ksEpoch 5 224.6 ks

Next Step

phase-resolvedspectroscopy for∆Φ∼0.03 bins

highest resolutionso far (?)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00

5

10

15

20

25

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0

5

10

15

20

25

Cou

nt R

ate

[cps

]Epoch 4

3.3−43.1 keV

PCU 2 Top Layer

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 38: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

Epoch-Averaged Pulse Profiles

Epoch 3 81.2 ksEpoch 4 37.6 ksEpoch 5 224.6 ks

Next Step

phase-resolvedspectroscopy for∆Φ∼0.03 bins

highest resolutionso far (?)

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.00

5

10

15

20

25

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0Pulse Phase

0

5

10

15

20

25

Cou

nt R

ate

[cps

]Epoch 5

3.2−42.7 keV

PCU 2 Top Layer

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58

Page 39: PSR B1509-58 - Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005web.mit.edu/iachec/IACHEC_2_talks/IACHEC_II_psr1509_KP.pdf · PSR B1509−58 Monitoring with RXTE from 1996 to 2005 Katja Pottschmidt

Introduction Phase-Averaged Phase-Resolved Outlook

To Do

revise PCA+HEXTE epoch averaged & phase-averaged spectra

create HEXTE epoch averaged pulse profiles

check energy dependence of the pulse profiles

model PCA+HEXTE epoch averaged & phase-resolved spectra

are the (calibration) trends F ↓, Γ ↑, NH ↓ also visible in:I other PCUs individually?I other 0.01 Crab sources?

Katja Pottschmidt (UCSD)

PSR B1509−58