Proteins

Lennart VoßMarie Ullrich

1. Central questions

• What are proteins?

• How does the human body produce proteins?

• Which functions do proteins fulfill?

2. Amino acids

• Hydrocarbon with acid and amino group

• Linked by peptide bonds

• Proteins are built out of at least 100 amino acids

3. Structure

• Primary structure

• Secondary structure

• Tertiary structure

• Quaternary structure

3. Structure

http://cmgm.stanford.edu/biochem201/Slides/Protein%20Structure/Alpha%20Helices.JPG, date of access: 27.04.2015

3. Structure

http://www2.chemie.uni-erlangen.de/projects/vsc/chemie-mediziner-neu/aminosaeuren/sek_b1.html, © Prof. Dr. J. Gasteiger, Dr. A. Schunk, CCC Univ. Erlangen, Mon Nov 26 17:05:30 2001 GMT, date of access: 27.04.2015

4. Protein biosynthesis

• Transkription = m-RNA is built as a copy of a DNA section

• Translation = t-RNA connects to m-RNA, amino acids on t-RNA get connected and built a protein

5. Enzymes

• Catalyze chemical reactions

• Work by lock and key model

6. Membrane proteins

• Some small molecules can diffuse through membranes

• Bigger molecules need to be transported by membrane proteins

7. Further functions

• Structure proteins e.g. collagen

• Animal toxins

• Hormones e.g. insulin

8. Summary

Proteins…• Are built out of a lot of amino acids

• form extremely complex structures

• fulfill a lot of different and important functions in human bodys

9. References

• Dr. W. Baltes, Lebensmittelchemie, Springer-Verlag, 1. Auflage, S.107-121

• Prof. Dr. W. Probst, P. Schuchardt Biologie – Basiswissen Schule, Duden Schulbuchverlag, 2. Auflage, S.169-170

• P. Karlson, Kurzes Lehrbuch der Biochemie, Georg Thieme Verlag, 11. Auflage, S.38-53

• C. A. Schlieper, Grundfragen der Ernährung, Dr. Felix Büchner – Verlag Handwerk und Technik, 7. Auflage, S.79-86