Protein Synthesis

Central Dogma of Biology-cellular view

Central Dogma of Biology-molecular view

Translating the genetic code

Transcription prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes transcription

Transcription

RNA processing

mRNA structure

Translation

n  Animation

tRNA structure

Ribosomal structure

Summary- Central Dogma of Biology

n  BioFlix: Protein Synthesis

Mutations

Mutations lead to changes in primary structure

n  If Glucine: GAA or GAG and Valine is: GUU GUC GUA OR GUG and we know sickle cell is a base pair substitution mutation, THEN which base pair was substituted and with what nucleotide?

n  If the average DNA transcription unit is 27,000 base pairs and the average protein is 400 amino acids then is there a discrepancy and if so, how do you explain this?

n  Due to very slight structural differences, certain antibiotic drugs (like tetracycline and streptomycin) inactivate bacterial ribosomes but not eukaryotic ribosomes.

n  What implications would these antibiotics have on bacterial cells?

The 20 amino acids