Protein Memory Hitesh
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Transcript of Protein Memory Hitesh
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Protein memory
Submitted by:-Hitesh kumar
ECE A2 7th sem
(103039)
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Contents Overview
History of protein memory
RAM Types
Protein Memory
Data Write, Read & Erase techniques
Practical Memory Cell
Applications
Present status
References
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Overview
Protein memory is an experimental means of storingdata.
Using proteins ,that respond to light from bacteriafound in salt water, a small cube can store largeamounts of data.
By using lasers, the protein can be changed depending
on various wave lengths, allowing them to store andrecall data. As a result protein can be used to storeenormous amounts of data using lasers to read and
write binary code.
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History of protein memory
Protein memory was discovered by Walther Stoeckeniusand Dieter Oesterhelt at Rockefeller University in New
York.
They discovered that a protein isolated from a salt marshbacterium exhibited photosensitive properties. They calledthis protein bacteriorhodopsin ,because it was very similarto the protein, rhodopsin that founds in the eyes ofhumans and animals.
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RAM Types
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
SRAM (Static RAM)
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DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
Must be refreshed every few millisecond
Cheaper and widely used
Low power consumption
SRAM (Static RAM)
Faster than DRAM Costly
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Protein memory
How Protein Memory compete with electronicmemory?
Speed Reliability
Capability
Cost
Basic unit of Protein MemoryBacterial protein molecule - Bacteriorhodopsin (bR)
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Bacteriorhodopsin ( bR)
Purple membranes of Halo bacterium halobium.
Changes mode of operation upon light incident.
Light energy to chemical energy conversion.
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Photo cycle of Bacteriorhodopsin
Chromophore Light absorbing component
Light energy triggers a series of complex internalstructural changes - Photocycle
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Photo cycle of Bacteriorhodopsin
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Molecular Structure
Quite similar to Rhodopsin, the light detectingpigment in retinas of human eye
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Data Writing technique Photo cycle
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Data Reading technique Photo cycle
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Data Erasing Technique
Blue laser erases encoded data
Q state absorb blue light and return to original bRstate
Individual data can be erased using blue laser
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bR Memory Cell by Bob Birge
- Implemented a prototype memory
- bR molecules to store digital bits
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Birges Memory Cell
1. Stores data with 10,000 molecules per bit
2. Molecule switches in 500 femtoseconds
3. Speed only limited by laser steering speed
4. Estimated that Data stored live around 5 years
without any refreshment
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Applications of bR Ultra fast RAM
Finger print processing
Optical switches
Neural Logic gates (genetic engineering)
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Present Status Not used for commercial applications.
Used for military and scientific applications..
Researches are going on for.
High speed high capacity memory for commercial applications
Ultimate machine intelligence with the aid of genetic engineering (Amemory that mimics human brain).
Carry a small encyclopedic cube containing all the information weneed !!.
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Conclusion During the past decade, the speed of computer processors
increased almost 1,000 times, where as data storage
capacities increased only by a factor of 50. Also, the transfer
of data within the computer remains the principalbottleneck that limits performance.
Protein memories use laser beam, which improve their life
with reduction in wear and tear.
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THANK YOU