Propwash Modeling for Contaminated Sediment Cap Design and Beyond
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Transcript of Propwash Modeling for Contaminated Sediment Cap Design and Beyond
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Propwash Modeling for Contaminated Sediment Cap Design and Beyond
Vladimir Shepsis, PhD, PE, Coast & Harbor Engineering, IncTom Wang, PE, Anchor Environmental, QEA
November 06, 2009
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Cap of contaminated sediment
Bottom and shoreline scour
Under pier slope protection
Eelgrass impact
Other
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))((** 20 43.1578.2 0
Xz
XD
x ExpUV
2/10 )/(/6.1 pTDU p
= Jet velocity exiting propeller
Vx
(1949 )
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Updated: June 8, 2007
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))((** 20 43.1578.2 0
Xz
XD
x ExpUV
2/10 )/(/6.1 pTDU p
= Jet velocity exiting propeller
Vx
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Velocity (feet/sec)
Steady Propwash – 2-Dimensional JETWASH Model
Distance propeller (feet)
Star "O" Class
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Velocity (ft/s)
Distance from Propellers (ft)
Dep
th (ft
)Tractor Tug Garth Foss, Whatcom Waterway, Port of Bellingham
Steady Propwash – 2-Dimensional JETWASH Model
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0 50 100 150 200
Distance aft, ft
Pro
pw
ash
vel
oci
ty,
ft/s
ecJETWASH; 500 r.p.m.JETWASH; 750 r.p.m.JETWASH; 1000 r.p.m.Measured; 500 r.p.m.Measured; 750 r.p.m.Measured; 1000 r.p.m.
Bottom slope = 0
JETWASH Model and measured velocities in
Vashon Field TestNear-Bottom Velocity
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 1 2 3 4 5
Measured Velocity (fps)
Ca
lcu
late
d V
elo
cit
y (
fps
)
Jay eqn 2-2 solutionJETWASH simulationSeries2
Line of perfect agreement
JETWASH Model and measured velocities in Kingston Field Test
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Propwash Modeling Results
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Distance (ft)
-40
-20
0
Ele
vatio
n (f
t, M
LLW
)
012345678910111213141516
Velocity (ft/sec)
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Distance (ft)
-40
-20
0
Ele
vatio
n (f
t, M
LLW
)
Tug Boat
Bow Thruster
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Bottom
Unsteady 3-Dimensional Model VH-PU, Plan view of bottom velocities
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Section View of Velocities at Propeller Axis
Unsteady 3-Dimensional Model VH-PU, Cross sectional view of bottom velocities
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VH-PU Model Verification with Lab DataExperimental Setup
Schokking (2002)
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CHE Model Verification with Lab Data Verification Results
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CHE Model Verification with Field DataField Test Setup
Test Propeller Rotation Rate (rpm)
Propeller Diameter (m)
Thrust(N)
Initial Velocity (m/s)
Depth(m)
Distance from Surface to Propeller Axis (m)
1 200 1.83 41,553 3.94 10.4 3.05
2 200 1.83 73,886 5.25 10.3 3.05
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CHE Model Verification with Field Data
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
v (m/s)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
v (m/s)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
v (m/s)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
t = 5 sec
t = 7 sec
t = 9 sec
Test 1
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CHE Model Verification with Field Data
t = 1 sec
t = 3 sec
t = 5 sec
Test 2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
v (m/s)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
v (m/s)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
v (m/s)
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
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Capping Design, Lockheed Shipyard Project
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Lockheed Shipyard ProjectSite Photos
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Application to Environmental Impact Analysis Eelgrass Impacts
Plan View of Bottom Velocity during Ferry Landing
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Application to Environmental Impact Analysis Eelgrass Impacts
Plan View of Bottom Velocity during Ferry LandingVessel is not moving
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Updated: June 8, 2007
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Bottom Velocity From Moving BoatStationary Vessel
Moving Vessel
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Stationary Cruiser
Moving Cruiser
3-Dimensional VH-PU Coupled with FLOW 3D
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Stationary Cruiser
Moving Cruiser
3-Dimensional VH-PU Coupled with FLOW 3D
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Relative Bottom Velocity
Moving Vessel
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
Time (sec)
Ins
tan
tan
eo
us
Ne
arB
ott
om
Re
lati
ve
Flu
idV
elo
cit
y(f
t/s
)
T = 0.533 sec1(4 ft/s) T 2(4 ft/s) 1.16 sec
DT = 0.626 sec(4 ft/s)
V = 6.54 ft/seff
V = 9.07 ft/sx(peak)
V = 4.0 ft/sx
1.2”
1.9”
1.1”
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Remedial Design Elements
76C
5B5A 2B
9
2C4
1C5C
3A3B2A
Log Pond
ASB
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66-ft Motor Yacht
38-ft Sea Ray
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Design Element
Source of Scour Bottom Velocities, ft/s
Sediment Size
inch
2B Propwash (Rec. cruiser) 3.2 0.3
2A Propwash (Puget Sound tug) 6.9 1.9
1C1 Propwash (Tractor tug) 9.4 4.0
1C1 Propwash (Star “O” – main) 6.6 2.6
1C1 Propwash (Star “O” – bow) 7.1 2.0
1C1 Propwash (Star “O” – stern) 5.7 1.2
6C Propwash (Puget Sound tug) and Waves 4.6 0.7
5B Propwash (Cruiser) and Waves 2.1 0.03
5C Propwash (Cruiser) 4.2 0.3
3B Propwash (Puget Sound tug), Waves, Creek Flow 2.8 0.08
4 Propwash (NOAA launch) 3.9 0.5
5A Prowpash (Cruiser) 0.8 0.001
1C1 Prowpash (Oscar Dyson – main) 2.0 0.2
1C1 Prowpash (Oscar Dyson – thruster) 10.2 4.9
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Summary
• Propwash hydrodynamics and induced bottom sediment mobility physical processes are extremely complex and can not be accurately simulated, even with the most advanced computer software (models) available today.
• When designing a contaminated sediment cap or other responsible project effected by propwash, the Design Engineer should be thoughtful in his/her selection of modeling tools and methodologies. Rational decision on selection of the modeling tool would significantly reduce construction cost and provide sustainable environmental solution.