PROPERTIES OF WATER

PROPERTIES OF WATER

• Much of our planet is covered in water

• Water is necessary for life to exist

• Water has many properties that make life possible

• If life exists on other planets, there most likely is water present

POLARITY-THE CHARGE DIFFERENCE CAUSES H2O MOLECULES TO BE ATTRACTED TO EACH OTHER AND POLAR MOLECULES

-

The oxygen atom has a stronger attraction for electrons

+

+

HYDROGEN BONDS

• Because of H2O partial charges, they can attract each other and create hydrogen bonds

• Not as strong as covalent or ionic bonds

• H2O ability to create multiple hydrogen bonds gives it many special properties

COHESION

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

ADHESION

•Attraction molecules of different substances

SOLUTION VS. MIXTURE

Solution

Mixture of two or more substances in which the molecules are evenly distributed

• Solute dissolved in a Solvent

• Salt water

• Sugar & Water

• Soda

Mixtures

Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

• Salt & pepper,

• Earth’s atmosphere

SOLUTIONS

Solute

Substance that is dissolved

•Salt

Solvent

Substance that does the dissolving

•Water

SUSPENSIONS

Mixture of water and non-dissolved materials•Cells in growth media•Plasma in blood

ACIDS VS BASES

Acids

• Any compound that forms H+

(hydrogen) ions in solution

• pH lower that 6

• Lemon juice

• Stomach acid

• Vinegar

Bases

• A compound that produces OH-

(hydroxide) ions in solution

• pH higher than 8

• Ammonia

• Bleach

• Oven cleaner

PH SCALE

• Indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution