Properties of Matter

Amole

What is Matter?

• Anything that has mass and takes up space

• Basically, if it has mass and volume….it’s matter!

• Mass and volume are two properties of matter.

• So, is air matter? How do you know?

Properties of Matter

Physical Properties

• Any property that can be observed without changing the object/substance

• Anything that can be measured

• Examples:– Mass, volume, density

– Color, texture, shape

– Boiling point, freezing point

Chemical Properties

• A property of matter that can only be observed by altering the composition of the substance

• Examples:– Flammability– Reactivity

Mass

• The amount of matter in a substance (dots)

• Which boxes have the same mass?

A CB

Volume

• The amount of space an object takes up.

• Which box has the most volume?

A

C

B

Density

• The amount of mass per unit volume (M/V)

• It is a comparison between mass and volume

• It describes how “tightly” particles are packed together in a given space.

• Which box is more dense?

A B

How does mass and volume affect density?• Remember density can be calculated by dividing mass by volume

to determine how tightly packed particles are.

• Which boxes have the same mass?

• Which have the same volume?

• Which box is the most dense?

Volume= 5 mL Volume= 5 mL

Volume= 1 mL

20/5 = 4 g/mL 2/5= 0.4 g/mL 2/1 = 2g/mL

A BC

B and C

A and B

A

Density Rule

• A substance with a lower density will “float” on top of a substance with a higher density.

• Which substance has the highest density?

Least dense: Yellow/ Lt.Gray

Then: Blue/ Dk. Gray

Most dense: Red/ Black

What does density have to do with weather?

• Air Pressure has a large impact on weather.

• Density is affected by pressure.

• More pressure forces particles to be packed tighter and increases density.

• Also, density dictates the movement of winds.

• But…..how can we be sure air has a density???